选题: Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed

2025-01-04 22:00:34 +08:00 · 2018-01-31 14:42:31 +08:00 · 2018-01-31 14:42:31 +08:00 · c44c26f067
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+Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed
+======
+So how do you find out how fast is your hard disk under Linux? Is it running at the SATA I (150 MB/s) or SATA II (300 MB/s) or SATA III (6.0Gb/s) speed without opening computer case or chassis?
+
+You can use the **hdparm or dd command** to check hard disk speed. It provides a command line interface to various hard disk ioctls supported by the stock Linux ATA/IDE/SATA device driver subsystem. Some options may work correctly only with the latest kernels (make sure you have cutting edge kernel installed). I also recommend compiling hdparm with the included files from the most recent kernel source code.
+
+### How to measure hard disk data transfer speed using hdparm
+
+Login as the root user and enter the following command:
+`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda`
+OR
+`$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/hda`
+Sample outputs:
+```
+/dev/sda:
+ Timing cached reads: 7864 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3935.41 MB/sec
+ Timing buffered disk reads: 204 MB in 3.00 seconds = 67.98 MB/sec
+```
+
+For meaningful results, this operation should be **repeated 2-3 times**. This displays the speed of reading directly from the Linux buffer cache without disk access. This measurement is essentially an indication of the **throughput of the processor, cache, and memory** of the system under test. [Here is a for loop example][1], to run test 3 time in a row:
+`for i in 1 2 3; do hdparm -tT /dev/hda; done`
+Where,
+
+  *  **-t** :perform device read timings
+  *  **-T** : perform cache read timings
+  *  **/dev/sda** : Hard disk device file
+
+
+
+To [find out SATA hard disk link speed][2], enter:
+`sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep -i speed`
+Output:
+```
+	 *	Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
+	 *	Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
+	 *	Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
+
+```
+
+Above output indicate that my hard disk can use 1.5Gb/s, 3.0Gb/s, or 6.0Gb/s speed. Please note that your BIOS / Motherboard must have support for SATA-II/III:
+`$ dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'`
+[![Linux Check IDE SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed][3]][3]
+
+### dd Command
+
+You can use the dd command as follows to get speed info too:
+```
+dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=8k count=256k
+rm /tmp/output.img
+```
+
+Sample outputs:
+```
+262144+0 records in
+262144+0 records out
+2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 23.6472 seconds, **90.8 MB/s**
+
+```
+
+The [recommended syntax for the dd command is as follows][4]
+```
+dd if=/dev/input.file  of=/path/to/output.file  bs=block-size  count=number-of-blocks  oflag=dsync
+ 
+## GNU dd syntax ##
+dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test1.img bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync
+ 
+## OR alternate syntax for GNU/dd ##
+dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testALT.img bs=1G count=1 conv=fdatasync
+```
+
+
+Sample outputs from the last dd command:
+```
+1+0 records in
+1+0 records out
+1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 4.23889 s, 253 MB/s
+```
+
+### Disks & storage - GUI tool
+
+You can also use disk utility located at System > Administration > Disk utility menu. Please note that in latest version of Gnome it is simply called Disks.
+
+#### How do I test the performance of my hard disk using Disks on Linux?
+
+To test the speed of your hard disk:
+
+  1. Open **Disks** from the **Activities** overview (press the Super key on your keyboard and type Disks)
+  2. Choose the **disk** from the list in the **left pane**
+  3. Select the menu button and select **Benchmark disk …** from the menu
+  4. Click **Start Benchmark …** and adjust the Transfer Rate and Access Time parameters as desired.
+  5. Choose **Start Benchmarking** to test how fast data can be read from the disk. Administrative privileges required. Enter your password
+
+
+
+A quick video demo of above procedure:
+
+https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/disks-performance.mp4
+
+
+#### Read Only Benchmark (Safe option)
+
+Then, select > Read only:
+![Fig.01: Linux Benchmarking Hard Disk Read Only Test Speed][5]
+The above option will not destroy any data.
+
+#### Read and Write Benchmark (All data will be lost so be careful)
+
+Visit System > Administration > Disk utility menu > Click Benchmark > Click Start Read/Write Benchmark button:
+![Fig.02:Linux Measuring read rate, write rate and access time][6]
+
+### About the author
+
+The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on [Twitter][7], [Facebook][8], [Google+][9].
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-fast-is-linux-sata-hard-disk.html
+
+作者：[Vivek Gite][a]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/
+[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/
+[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-command-to-find-sata-harddisk-link-speed/
+[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/Linux-Check-IDE-SATA-SSD-Hard-Disk-Transfer-Speed.jpg
+[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-linux-unix-test-disk-performance-with-dd-command/
+[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Speed-Benchmark.png (Linux Benchmark Hard Disk Speed)
+[6]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/tips/2007/10/Linux-Hard-Disk-Read-Write-Benchmark.png (Linux Hard Disk Benchmark Read / Write Rate and Access Time)
+[7]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft
+[8]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft
+[9]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz