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sources/tech/20210208 3 open source tools that make Linux the ideal workstation.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (3 open source tools that make Linux the ideal workstation)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/2/linux-workday)
[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
3 open source tools that make Linux the ideal workstation
======
Linux has everything you think you need and more for you to have a
productive workday.
![Person using a laptop][1]
In 2021, there are more reasons why people love Linux than ever before. In this series, I'll share 21 different reasons to use Linux. Today, I'll share with you why Linux is a great choice for your workday.
Everyone wants to be productive during the workday. If your workday generally involves working on documents, presentations, and spreadsheets, then you might be accustomed to a specific routine. The problem is that _usual routine_ is usually dictated by one or two specific applications, whether it's a certain office suite or a desktop OS. Of course, just because something's a habit doesn't mean it's ideal, and yet it tends to persist unquestioned, even to the point of influencing the very structure of how a business is run.
### Working smarter
Many office applications these days run in the cloud, so you can work with the same constraints on Linux if you really want to. However, because many of the typical big-name office applications aren't cultural expectations on Linux, you might find yourself inspired to explore other options. As anyone eager to get out of their "comfort zone" knows, this kind of subtle disruption can be surprisingly useful. All too often, you don't know what you're doing inefficiently because you haven't actually tried doing things differently. Force yourself to explore other options, and you never know what you'll find. You don't even have to know exactly what you're looking for.
### LibreOffice
One of the most obvious open source office stalwarts on Linux (or any other platform) is [LibreOffice][2]. It features several components, including a word processor, presentation software, a spreadsheet, relational database interface, vector drawing, and more. It can import many document formats from other popular office applications, so transitioning to LibreOffice from another tool is usually easy.
There's more to LibreOffice than just being a great office suite, however. LibreOffice has macro support, so resourceful users can automate repetitive tasks. It also features terminal commands so you can perform many tasks without ever launching the LibreOffice interface.
Imagine, for instance, opening 21 documents, navigating to the **File** menu, to the **Export** or **Print** menu item, and exporting the file to PDF or EPUB. That's over 84 clicks, at the very least, and probably an hour of work. Compare that to opening a folder of documents and converting all of them to PDF or EPUB with just one swift command or menu action. The conversion would run in the background while you work on other things. You'd be finished in a quarter of the time, possibly less.
```
`$ libreoffice --headless --convert-to epub *.docx`
```
It's the little improvements that Linux encourages, not explicitly but implicitly, through its toolset and the ease with which you can customize your environment and workflow.
### Abiword and Gnumeric
Sometimes, a big office suite is exactly what you _don't_ need. If you prefer to keep your office work simple, you might do better with a lightweight and task-specific application. For instance, I mostly write articles in a text editor because I know all styles are discarded during conversion to HTML. But there are times when a word processor is useful, either to open a document someone has sent to me or because I want a quick and easy way to generate some nicely styled text.
[Abiword][3] is a simple word processor with basic support for popular document formats and all the essential features you'd expect from a word processor. It isn't meant as a full office suite, and that's its best feature. While there's no such a thing as too many options, there definitely is such a thing as information overload, and that's exactly what a full office suite or word processor is sometimes guilty of. If you're looking to avoid that, then use something simple instead.
Similarly, the [Gnumeric][4] project provides a simple spreadsheet application. Gnumeric avoids any features that aren't strictly necessary for a spreadsheet, so you still get a robust formula syntax, plenty of functions, and all the options you need for styling and manipulating cells. I don't do much with spreadsheets, so I find myself quite happy with Gnumeric on the rare occasions I need to review or process data in a ledger.
### Pandoc
It's possible to get even more minimal with specialized commands and document processors. The `pandoc` command specializes in document conversion. It's like the `libreoffice --headless` command, except with ten times the number of document formats to work with. You can even generate presentations with it! If part of your work is taking source text from one document and formatting it for several modes of delivery, then Pandoc is a necessity, and so you should [download our cheat sheet][5].
Broadly, Pandoc is representative of a completely different way of working. It gets you away from the confines of office applications. It separates you from trying to get your thoughts down into typed words and deciding what font those words ought to use, all at the same time. Working in plain text and then converting to all of your delivery targets afterward lets you work with any application you want, whether it's a notepad on your mobile device, a simple text editor on whatever computer you happen to be sitting in front of, or a text editor in the cloud.
### Look for the alternatives
There are lots of unexpected alternatives available for Linux. You can find them by taking a step back from what you're doing, analyzing your work process, assessing your required results, and investigating new applications that claim to do just the things you rely upon.
Changing the tools you use, your workflow, and your daily routine can be disorienting, especially when you don't know exactly where it is you're looking to go. But the advantage to Linux is that you're afforded the opportunity to re-evaluate the assumptions you've subconsciously developed over years of computer usage. If you look hard enough for an answer, you'll eventually realize what the question was in the first place. And oftentimes, you'll end up appreciating what you learn.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/2/linux-workday
作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/laptop_screen_desk_work_chat_text.png?itok=UXqIDRDD (Person using a laptop)
[2]: http://libreoffice.org
[3]: https://www.abisource.com
[4]: http://www.gnumeric.org
[5]: https://opensource.com/article/20/5/pandoc-cheat-sheet

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (wxy)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (3 open source tools that make Linux the ideal workstation)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/2/linux-workday)
[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
让 Linux 成为理想的工作站的 3 个开源工具
======
> Linux 不但拥有你认为所需的一切，还有可以让你高效工作的更多工具。
![使用笔记本电脑的人][1]
在 2021 年，人们喜欢 Linux 的理由比以往任何时候都多。在这个系列中，我将分享 21 个使用 Linux 的不同理由。今天，我将与你分享为什么 Linux 是你工作的最佳选择。
每个人都希望在工作期间提高工作效率。如果你的工作通常涉及到文档、演示文稿和电子表格的工作，那么你可能已经习惯了一种特定的例行工作。问题是，这个*惯常的例行工作*通常是由一两个特定的应用程序决定的，无论是某个办公套件还是桌面操作系统。当然，一种习惯并不意味着它是理想的，然而它往往会毫无疑义地坚持下去，甚至影响到企业的运行结构。
### 更聪明地工作
如今，许多办公应用程序都在云端运行，因此如果你确实愿意，你可以在 Linux 上使用相同的方式。然而，由于许多典型的大名鼎鼎的办公应用程序并不符合 Linux 上的文化预期，因此你可能会发现自己受到启发，想去探索其他的选择。正如任何渴望走出“舒适区”的人所知道的那样，这种微妙的打破可能会出奇的有用。很多时候，你不知道自己效率低下，因为你实际上并没有尝试过以不同的方式做事。强迫自己去探索其他方式，而你永远不知道会发现什么。你甚至不必完全知道要寻找的内容。
### LibreOffice
Linux（或任何其他平台）上最明显的开源办公主力之一是 [LibreOffice][2]。它具有多个组件，包括文字处理器、演示软件、电子表格、关系型数据库接口、矢量绘图等。它可以从其他流行的办公应用程序中导入许多文档格式，因此从其他工具过渡到 LibreOffice 通常很容易。
然而，LibreOffice 不仅仅是一个伟大的办公套件。LibreOffice 支持宏，所以机智的用户可以自动完成重复性任务。它还具有终端命令的功能，因此你可以在不启动 LibreOffice 界面的情况下执行许多任务。
想象一下，例如，打开 21 个文档，导航到**文件**菜单，到**导出**或**打印**菜单项，并将文件导出为 PDF 或 EPUB。这至少需要 84 次以上的点击，可能要花费一个小时的时间。比较一下，打开一个文档文件夹，并转换所有文件为 PDF 或 EPUB，只需要执行一个迅速的命令或菜单操作。转换将在后台运行，而你可以处理其他事情。只需要四分之一的时间，可能更少。
```
$ libreoffice --headless --convert-to epub *.docx
```
这是一个小改进，是由 Linux 工具集和你可以自定义环境和工作流程的便利性所潜在带来的鼓励。
### Abiword 和 Gnumeric
有时，你并不需要一个大而全的办公套件。如果你喜欢让办公室工作保持简单，你可能会更好地使用一个轻量级和针对特定任务的应用程序。例如，我大部分时间都是用文本编辑器写文章，因为我知道在转换为 HTML 的过程中，所有的样式都会被丢弃。但有些时候，文字处理器是很有用的，无论是打开别人发给我的文档，还是因为我想用一种快速简单的方法来生成一些样式漂亮的文本。
[Abiword][3] 是一款简单的文字处理器，它基本支持流行的文档格式，并具备你所期望的文字处理器的所有基本功能。它并不意味着是一个完整的办公套件，这是它最大的特点。虽然没有太多的选择，但绝对有信息过载这样的事情，而这正是一个完整的办公套件或文字处理器有时会犯的错误。如果你想避免这种情况，那就用一些简单的东西来代替。
同样，[Gnumeric][4] 项目提供了一个简单的电子表格应用程序。Gnumeric 避免了任何严格意义上的电子表格所不需要的功能，所以你仍然可以得到一个强大的公式语法、大量的函数，以及所有你需要的样式和操作单元格的选项。我不怎么使用电子表格，所以我发现自己在极少数需要查看或处理分类账中的数据时，对 Gnumeric 相当满意。
### Pandoc
通过专门的命令和文件处理程序，可以得到更多的最小化。`pandoc` 命令专门用于文件转换。它就像 `libreoffice --headless` 命令一样，只是要处理的文档格式数量是它的十倍。你甚至可以用它来生成演示文稿! 如果你的部分工作是从一个文档中提取源文本，并将其格式化以用于多种传输模式，那么 Pandoc 是必要的，所以你应该[下载我们的攻略][5]看看。
广义上讲，Pandoc 代表的是一种完全不同的工作方式。它让你脱离了办公应用的束缚。它将你从试图将你的想法写成文字，并决定这些文字应该使用什么字体的工作中分离出来，同时。在纯文本中工作，然后转换为所有的交付目标，让你可以使用任何你想要的应用程序，无论是移动设备上的记事本，还是你碰巧坐在电脑前的简单文本编辑器，或者是云端的文本编辑器。
### 寻找替代品
Linux 有很多意想不到的替代品。你可以通过从你正在做的事情中退后一步，分析你的工作流程，评估你所需的结果，并调查那些声称可以做你所依赖的事情的新应用程序来找到它们。
改变你所使用的工具、你的工作流程和你的日常工作可能会让你迷失方向，特别是当你不知道你要找的到底是什么的时候。但 Linux 的优势在于，你有机会重新评估你在多年的计算机使用过程中潜意识里形成的假设。如果你足够努力地寻找答案，你最终会意识到问题的初衷是什么。而且很多时候，你最终会欣赏你学到的东西。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/2/linux-workday
作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/laptop_screen_desk_work_chat_text.png?itok=UXqIDRDD (Person using a laptop)
[2]: http://libreoffice.org
[3]: https://www.abisource.com
[4]: http://www.gnumeric.org
[5]: https://opensource.com/article/20/5/pandoc-cheat-sheet