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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (2 Ways to Download Files From Linux Terminal)
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/)
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[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
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2 Ways to Download Files From Linux Terminal
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======
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If you are stuck to the Linux terminal, say on a server, how do you download a file from the terminal?
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There is no download command in Linux but there are a couple of Linux commands for downloading file.
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In this terminal trick, you’ll learn two ways to download file using command line in Linux.
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I am using Ubuntu here but apart from the installation, rest of the commands are equally valid for all other Linux distributions.
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### Download files from Linux terminal using wget command
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![][1]
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[wget][2] is perhaps the most used command line download manager for Linux and UNIX-like systems. You can download a single file, multiple files, entire directory or even an entire website using wget.
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wget is non-interactive and can easily work in the background. This means you can easily use it in scripts or even build tools like [uGet download manager][3].
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Let’s see how to use wget to download file from terminal.
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#### Installing wget
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Most Linux distributions come with wget preinstalled. It is also available in the repository of most distributions and you can easily install it using your distribution’s package manager.
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On Ubuntu and Debian based distribution, you can use the [apt package manager][4] command:
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```
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sudo apt install wget
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```
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#### Download a file or webpage using wget
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You just need to provide the URL of the file or webpage. It will download the file with its original name in the directory you are in.
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```
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wget URL
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```
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![][5]
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To download multiple files, you’ll have to save their URLs in a text file and provide that text file as input to wget like this:
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```
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wget -i download_files.txt
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```
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#### Download files with a different name using wget
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You’ll notice that a webpage is almost always saved as index.html with wget. It will be a good idea to provide custom name to downloaded file.
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You can use the -O (uppercase O) option to provide the output filename while downloading.
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```
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wget -O filename URL
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```
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![][6]
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#### Download a folder using wget
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Suppose you are browsing an FTP server and you need to download an entire directory, you can use the recursive option
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```
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wget -r ftp://server-address.com/directory
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```
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#### Download an entire website using wget
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Yes, you can totally do that. You can mirror an entire website with wget. By downloading an entire website I mean the entire public facing website structure.
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While you can use the mirror option -m directly, it will be a good idea add:
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* –convert-links : links are converted so that internal links are pointed to downloaded resource instead of web
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* –page-requisites: downloads additional things like style sheets so that the pages look better offline
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```
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wget -m --convert-links --page-requisites website_address
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```
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![][7]
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#### Bonus Tip: Resume incomplete downloads
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If you aborted the download by pressing C for some reasons, you can resume the previous download with option -c.
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```
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wget -c
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```
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### Download files from Linux command line using curl
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Like wget, [curl][8] is also one of the most popular commands to download files in Linux terminal. There are so many ways to [use curl extensively][9] but I’ll focus on only the simple downloading here.
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#### Installing curl
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Though curl doesn’t come preinstalled, it is available in the official repositories of most distributions. You can use your distribution’s package manager to install it.
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To [install curl on Ubuntu][10] and other Debian based distributions, use the following command:
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```
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sudo apt install curl
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```
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#### Download files or webpage using curl
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If you use curl without any option with a URL, it will read the file and print it on the terminal screen.
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To download a file using curl command in Linux terminal, you’ll have to use the -O (uppercase O) option:
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```
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curl -O URL
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```
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![][11]
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It is simpler to download multiple files in Linux with curl. You just have to specify multiple URLs:
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```
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curl -O URL1 URL2 URL3
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```
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Keep in mind that curl is not as simple as wget. While wget saves webpages as index.html, curl will complain of remote file not having a name for webpages. You’ll have to save it with a custom name as described in the next section.
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#### Download files with a different name
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It could be confusing but to provide a custom name for the downloaded file (instead of the original source name), you’ll have to use -o (lowercase O) option:
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```
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curl -o filename URL
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```
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![][12]
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Some times, curl wouldn’t just download the file as you expect it to. You’ll have to use option -L (for location) to download it correctly. This is because some times the links redirect to some other link and with option -L, it follows the final link.
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#### Pause and resume download with curl
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Like wget, you can also resume a paused download using curl with option -c:
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```
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curl -c URL
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```
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**Conclusion**
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As always, there are multiple ways to do the same thing in Linux. Downloading files from the terminal is no different.
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wget and curl are just two of the most popular commands for downloading files in Linux. There are more such command line tools. Terminal based web-browsers like [elinks][13], [w3m][14] etc can also be used for downloading files in command line.
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Personally, for a simple download, I prefer using wget over curl. It is simpler and less confusing because you may have a difficult time figuring out why curl could not download a file in the expected format.
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Your feedback and suggestions are welcome.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/
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作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Download-Files-from-Linux-terminal.png?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
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[2]: https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/install-latest-uget-ubuntu-linux-mint/
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/apt-command-guide/
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[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-file-in-linux-terminal-using-wget.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[6]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-file-in-linux-terminal-using-wget-2.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-entire-website-using-wget.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[8]: https://curl.haxx.se/
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[9]: https://linuxhandbook.com/curl-command-examples/
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/install-curl-ubuntu/
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[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-files-in-linux-using-curl.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[12]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-files-in-linux-using-curl-1.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[13]: http://elinks.or.cz/
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[14]: http://w3m.sourceforge.net/
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@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (2 Ways to Download Files From Linux Terminal)
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/)
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[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
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2 种从 Linux 终端下载文件的方法
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======
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如果你被困在 Linux 终端，比如说在服务器上，如何从终端下载文件？
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在 Linux 中是没有下载命令的，但是有几个 Linux 命令可用于下载文件。
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在这篇终端技巧中，你将学习两种在 Linux 中使用命令行下载文件的方法。
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我在这里使用的是 Ubuntu，但除了安装，其余的命令同样适用于所有其他 Linux 发行版。
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### 使用 wget 命令从 Linux 终端下载文件
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![][1]
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[wget][2] 也许是 Linux 和类 UNIX 系统中使用最多的命令行下载管理器。你可以使用 wget 下载一个文件、多个文件、整个目录甚至整个网站。
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wget 是非交互式的，可以轻松地在后台工作。这意味着你可以很容易地在脚本中使用它，甚至构建像 [uGet 下载管理器][3]这样的工具。
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让我们看看如何使用 wget 从终端下载文件。
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#### 安装 wget
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大多数 Linux 发行版都预装了 wget。它也可以在大多数发行版的仓库中找到，你可以使用发行版的包管理器轻松安装它。
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在基于 Ubuntu 和 Debian 的发行版上，你可以使用 [apt 包管理器][4]命令：
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```
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sudo apt install wget
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```
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#### 使用 wget 下载文件或网页
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你只需要提供文件或网页的 URL。它将在你所在的目录下以原始名下载该文件。
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```
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wget URL
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```
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![][5]
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要下载多个文件，你必须将它们的 URL 保存在一个文本文件中，并将该文件作为输入提供给 wget，就像这样：
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```
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wget -i download_files.txt
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```
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#### 用 wget 下载不同名字的文件
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你会注意到，一个网页在 wget 中几乎总是以 index.html 的形式保存。为下载的文件提供自定义名称是个好主意。
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你可以在下载时使用 -O （大写字母 O） 选项来提供输出文件名。
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```
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wget -O filename URL
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```
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![][6]
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#### 用 wget 下载一个文件夹
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假设你正在浏览一个 FTP 服务器，你需要下载整个目录，你可以使用递归选项：
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```
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wget -r ftp://server-address.com/directory
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```
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#### 使用 wget 下载整个网站
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是的，你完全可以做到这一点。你可以用 wget 镜像整个网站。我说的下载整个网站是指整个面向公众的网站结构。
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虽然你可以直接使用镜像选项 -m，但最好加上：
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* –convert-links ：链接将被转换，使内部链接指向下载的资源，而不是网站。
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* –page-requisites：下载额外的东西，如样式表，使页面在离线状态下看起来更好。
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```
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wget -m --convert-links --page-requisites website_address
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```
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![][7]
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#### 额外提示：恢复未完成的下载
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如果你因为某些原因按 C 键中止了下载，你可以用选项 -c 恢复之前的下载：
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```
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wget -c
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```
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### 使用 curl 在 Linux 命令行中下载文件
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和 wget 一样，[curl][8] 也是 Linux 终端中最常用的下载文件的命令之一。[使用 curl][9] 的方法有很多，但我在这里只关注简单的下载。
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#### 安装 curl
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虽然 curl 并不是预装的，但在大多数发行版的官方仓库中都有。你可以使用你的发行版的包管理器来安装它。
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要[在 Ubuntu][10] 和其他基于 Debian 的发行版上安装 curl，请使用以下命令：
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```
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sudo apt install curl
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```
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#### 使用 curl 下载文件或网页
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如果你在使用 curl 命令时没有在 URL 中带任何选项，它就会读取文件并打印在终端上。
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要在 Linux 终端中使用 curl 命令下载文件，你必须使用 -O（大写字母 O）选项：
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```
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curl -O URL
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```
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![][11]
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在 Linux 中，用 curl 下载多个文件是比较简单的。你只需要指定多个 URL 即可：
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```
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curl -O URL1 URL2 URL3
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```
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请记住，curl 不像 wget 那么简单。当 wget 将网页保存为 index.html 时，curl 会抱怨远程文件没有网页的名字。你必须按照下一节的描述用一个自定义的名字来保存它。
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#### 用不同的名字下载文件
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这可能会让人感到困惑，但如果要为下载的文件提供一个自定义的名称（而不是原始名称），你必须使用 -o（小写 O）选项：
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```
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curl -o filename URL
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```
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![][12]
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有些时候，curl 并不能像你期望的那样下载文件，你必须使用选项 -L（代表位置）来正确下载。这是因为有些时候，链接会重定向到其他链接，而使用选项 -L，它就会跟随最终的链接。
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#### 用 curl 暂停和恢复下载
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和 wget 一样，你也可以用 curl 的 -c 选项恢复暂停的下载：
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```
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curl -c URL
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```
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**总结**
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和以往一样，在 Linux 中做同一件事有多种方法。从终端下载文件也不例外。
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wget 和 curl 只是 Linux 中最流行的两个下载文件的命令。还有更多这样的命令行工具。基于终端的网络浏览器，如 [elinks][13]、[w3m][14] 等也可以用于在命令行下载文件。
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就个人而言，对于一个简单的下载，我更喜欢使用 wget 而不是 curl。它更简单，也不会让你感到困惑，因为你可能很难理解为什么 curl 不能以预期的格式下载文件。
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欢迎你的反馈和建议。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/
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|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Download-Files-from-Linux-terminal.png?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
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[2]: https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/
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[3]: https://itsfoss.com/install-latest-uget-ubuntu-linux-mint/
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/apt-command-guide/
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[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-file-in-linux-terminal-using-wget.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[6]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-file-in-linux-terminal-using-wget-2.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-entire-website-using-wget.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[8]: https://curl.haxx.se/
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[9]: https://linuxhandbook.com/curl-command-examples/
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/install-curl-ubuntu/
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[11]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-files-in-linux-using-curl.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[12]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/download-files-in-linux-using-curl-1.png?resize=795%2C418&ssl=1
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[13]: http://elinks.or.cz/
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[14]: http://w3m.sourceforge.net/
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