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20161115-3 选题
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How to Check Which Apache Modules are Enabled/Loaded in Linux
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============================================================
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In this guide, we will briefly talk about the Apache web server front-end and how to list or check which Apache modules have been enabled on your server.
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Apache is built, based on the principle of modularity, this way, it enables web server administrators to add different modules to extend its primary functionalities and [enhance apache performance][5] as well.
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Some of the common Apache modules include:
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1. mod_ssl – which offers [HTTPS for Apache][1].
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2. mod_rewrite – which allows for matching url patterns with regular expressions, and perform a transparent redirect using [.htaccess tricks][2], or apply a HTTP status code response.
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3. mod_security – which offers you to [protect Apache against Brute Force or DDoS attacks][3].
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4. mod_status – that allows you to [monitor Apache web server load and page statics][4].
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In Linux, the apachectl or apache2ctl command is used to control Apache HTTP server interface, it is a front-end to Apache.
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You can display the usage information for apache2ctl as below:
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```
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$ apache2ctl help
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OR
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$ apachectl help
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```
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apachectl help
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```
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Usage: /usr/sbin/httpd [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file]
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[-C "directive"] [-c "directive"]
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[-k start|restart|graceful|graceful-stop|stop]
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[-v] [-V] [-h] [-l] [-L] [-t] [-S]
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Options:
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-D name : define a name for use in directives
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-d directory : specify an alternate initial ServerRoot
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-f file : specify an alternate ServerConfigFile
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-C "directive" : process directive before reading config files
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-c "directive" : process directive after reading config files
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-e level : show startup errors of level (see LogLevel)
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-E file : log startup errors to file
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-v : show version number
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-V : show compile settings
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-h : list available command line options (this page)
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-l : list compiled in modules
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-L : list available configuration directives
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-t -D DUMP_VHOSTS : show parsed settings (currently only vhost settings)
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-S : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
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-t -D DUMP_MODULES : show all loaded modules
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-M : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_MODULES
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-t : run syntax check for config files
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```
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apache2ctl can function in two possible modes, a Sys V init mode and pass-through mode. In the SysV init mode, apache2ctl takes simple, one-word commands in the form below:
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```
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$ apachectl command
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OR
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$ apache2ctl command
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```
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For instance, to start Apache and check its status, run these two commands with root user privileges by employing the [sudo command][6], in case you are a normal user:
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```
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$ sudo apache2ctl start
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$ sudo apache2ctl status
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```
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Check Apache Status
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```
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tecmint@TecMint ~ $ sudo apache2ctl start
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AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1\. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
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httpd (pid 1456) already running
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tecmint@TecMint ~ $ sudo apache2ctl status
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Apache Server Status for localhost (via 127.0.0.1)
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Server Version: Apache/2.4.18 (Ubuntu)
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Server MPM: prefork
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Server Built: 2016-07-14T12:32:26
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Current Time: Tuesday, 15-Nov-2016 11:47:28 IST
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Restart Time: Tuesday, 15-Nov-2016 10:21:46 IST
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Parent Server Config. Generation: 2
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Parent Server MPM Generation: 1
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Server uptime: 1 hour 25 minutes 41 seconds
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Server load: 0.97 0.94 0.77
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Total accesses: 2 - Total Traffic: 3 kB
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CPU Usage: u0 s0 cu0 cs0
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.000389 requests/sec - 0 B/second - 1536 B/request
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1 requests currently being processed, 4 idle workers
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__W__...........................................................
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................................................................
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......................
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Scoreboard Key:
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"_" Waiting for Connection, "S" Starting up, "R" Reading Request,
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"W" Sending Reply, "K" Keepalive (read), "D" DNS Lookup,
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"C" Closing connection, "L" Logging, "G" Gracefully finishing,
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"I" Idle cleanup of worker, "." Open slot with no current process
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```
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And when operating in pass-through mode, apache2ctl can take all the Apache arguments in the following syntax:
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```
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$ apachectl [apache-argument]
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$ apache2ctl [apache-argument]
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```
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All the Apache-arguments can be listed as follows:
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```
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$ apache2 help [On Debian based systems]
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$ httpd help [On RHEL based systems]
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```
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#### Check Enabled Apache Modules
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Therefore, in order to check which modules are enabled on your Apache web server, run the applicable command below for your distribution, where `-t -D DUMP_MODULES` is a Apache-argument to show all enabled/loaded modules:
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```
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--------------- On Debian based systems ---------------
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$ apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES
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OR
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$ apache2ctl -M
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```
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```
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--------------- On RHEL based systems ---------------
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$ apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES
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OR
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$ httpd -M
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$ apache2ctl -M
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```
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List Apache Enabled Loaded Modules
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```
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[root@tecmint httpd]# apachectl -M
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Loaded Modules:
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core_module (static)
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mpm_prefork_module (static)
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http_module (static)
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so_module (static)
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auth_basic_module (shared)
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auth_digest_module (shared)
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authn_file_module (shared)
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authn_alias_module (shared)
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authn_anon_module (shared)
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authn_dbm_module (shared)
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authn_default_module (shared)
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authz_host_module (shared)
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authz_user_module (shared)
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authz_owner_module (shared)
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authz_groupfile_module (shared)
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authz_dbm_module (shared)
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authz_default_module (shared)
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ldap_module (shared)
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authnz_ldap_module (shared)
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include_module (shared)
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....
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```
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That’s all! in this simple tutorial, we explained how to use the Apache front-end tools to list enabled/loaded apache modules. Keep in mind that you can get in touch using the feedback form below to send us your questions or comments concerning this guide.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/check-apache-modules-enabled
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作者：[Aaron Kili][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-lets-encrypt-ssl-certificate-to-secure-apache-on-rhel-centos/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/apache-htaccess-tricks/
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/protect-apache-using-mod_security-and-mod_evasive-on-rhel-centos-fedora/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/monitor-apache-web-server-load-and-page-statistics/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/apache-performance-tuning/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/su-vs-sudo-and-how-to-configure-sudo-in-linux/
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