diff --git a/sources/talk/.20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md.swp b/sources/talk/.20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md.swp new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e00551e00d Binary files /dev/null and b/sources/talk/.20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md.swp differ diff --git a/sources/talk/20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md b/sources/talk/20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md index 5efa2f4d1f..5494804e39 100644 --- a/sources/talk/20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md +++ b/sources/talk/20141224 The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +theol-l translating + The Curious Case of the Disappearing Distros ================================================================================ ![](http://www.linuxinsider.com/ai/828896/linux-distros.jpg) @@ -117,4 +119,4 @@ via: http://www.linuxinsider.com/story/The-Curious-Case-of-the-Disappearing-Dist [5]:http://ledgersmbdev.blogspot.com/ [6]:http://www.ledgersmb.org/ [7]:http://www.novell.com/linux -[8]:http://www.redhat.com/ \ No newline at end of file +[8]:http://www.redhat.com/ diff --git a/sources/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md b/sources/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md deleted file mode 100644 index 83f5f11293..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,82 +0,0 @@ -9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users -================================================================================ -Web designing and developing is one of the trending sectors in the recent times, where more and more peoples started to search for their career opportunities. But, Getting the right opportunity as a web developer or graphic designer is not just a piece of cake for everyone, It certainly requires a strong mind presence as well as right skills to find the find the right job. There are a lot of websites available today which can help you to get the right job description according to your knowledge. But still if you want to achieve something in this sector you must have some excellent skills like working with different platforms, IDEs and various other tools too. - -Talking about the different platforms and IDEs used for various languages for different purposes, gone is the time when we learn just one IDE and get the optimum solutions for our web design projects easily. Today we are living in the modern lifestyle where competition is getting more and more tough on every single day. Same is the case with the IDEs, IDE is basically a powerful client application for creating and deploying applications. Today we are going to share some best javascript IDE for web designers and developers. - -Please visit this list of best code editors for javascript user and share your thought with us. - -### 1) [Spket][1] ### - -**Spket IDE** is powerful toolkit for JavaScript and XML development. The powerful editor for JavaScript, XUL/XBL and Yahoo! Widget development. The JavaScript editor provides features like code completion, syntax highlighting and content outline that helps developers productively create efficient JavaScript code. - -![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/spket-e1422674329554.png) - -### 2) [Ixedit][2] ### - -IxEdit is a JavaScript-based interaction design tool for the web. With IxEdit, designers can practice DOM-scripting without coding to change, add, move, or transform elements dynamically on your web pages. - -![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ixedit.png) - -### 3) [Komodo Edit][3] ### - -Komode is free and powerful code editor for Javascript and other programming languages. - -![](http://i2.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/komodo-edit-e1422674596277.png) - -### 4) [EpicEditor][4] ### - -EpicEditor is an embeddable JavaScript Markdown editor with split fullscreen editing, live previewing, automatic draft saving, offline support, and more. For developers, it offers a robust API, can be easily themed, and allows you to swap out the bundled Markdown parser with anything you throw at it. - -![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/epiceditor-e1422674732281.png) - -### 5) [codepress][5] ### - -CodePress is web-based source code editor with syntax highlighting written in JavaScript that colors text in real time while it’s being typed in the browser. - -![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/codepres-e1422674893706.png) - -### 6) [ACe][6] ### - -Ace is an embeddable code editor written in JavaScript. It matches the features and performance of native editors such as Sublime, Vim and TextMate. It can be easily embedded in any web page and JavaScript application. - -![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ace-e1422675089912.png) - -### 7) [scripted][7] ### - -Scripted is a fast and lightweight code editor with an initial focus on JavaScript editing. Scripted is a browser based editor and the editor itself is served from a locally running Node.js server instance. - -![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/scripted-e1422675188408.png) - -### 8) [Netbeans][8] ### - -This is another more impressive and useful code editors for javascript and other programming languages. - -![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/code_editing1-e1422675506226.png) - -### 9) [Webstorm][9] ### - -This is the smartest ID for javascript. WebStorm is a lightweight yet powerful IDE, perfectly equipped for complex client-side development and server-side development with Node.js. - -![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/webstorm.png) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://devzum.com/2015/01/31/9-best-ides-and-code-editors-for-javascript-users/ - -作者：[vikas][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://devzum.com/author/vikas/ -[1]:http://spket.com/ -[2]:http://www.ixedit.com/ -[3]:http://komodoide.com/komodo-edit/ -[4]:http://oscargodson.github.io/EpicEditor/ -[5]:http://codepress.sourceforge.net/ -[6]:http://ace.c9.io/#nav=about -[7]:https://github.com/scripted-editor/scripted -[8]:https://netbeans.org/ -[9]:http://www.jetbrains.com/webstorm/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md b/sources/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md deleted file mode 100644 index f1663888c8..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,56 +0,0 @@ -Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it -================================================================================ -> **Question**: I want to download a RPM package from Red Hat's standard repositories. Can I use yum command to download a RPM package without installing it? - -yum is the default package manager for Red Hat based systems, such as CentOS, Fedora or RHEL. Using yum, you can install or update a RPM package while resolving its package dependencies automatically. What if you want to download a RPM package without installing it on the system? For example, you may want to archive some RPM packages for later use or to install them on another machine. - -Here is how to download a RPM package from yum repositories. - -### Method One: Yum ### - -The yum command itself can be used to download a RPM package. The standard yum command offers '--downloadonly' option for this purpose. - - $ sudo yum install --downloadonly - -By default, a downloaded RPM package will be saved in: - - /var/cache/yum/x86_64/[centos/fedora-version]/[repository]/packages - -In the above, [repository] is the name of the repository (e.g., base, fedora, updates) from which the package is downloaded. - -If you want to download a package to a specific directory (e.g., /tmp): - - $ sudo yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp - -Note that if a package to download has any unmet dependencies, yum will download all dependent packages as well. None of them will be installed. - -One important thing is that on CentOS/RHEL 6 or earlier, you will need to install a separate yum plugin (called yum-plugin-downloadonly) to be able to use '--downloadonly' command option: - - $ sudo yum install yum-plugin-downloadonly - -Without this plugin, you will get the following error with yum: - - Command line error: no such option: --downloadonly - -![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8627/15571201803_38390aae75_c.jpg) - -### Method Two: Yumdownloader ### - -Another method to download a RPM package is via a dedicated package downloader tool called yumdownloader. This tool is part of yum-utils package which contains a suite of helper tools for yum package manager. - - $ sudo yum install yum-utils - -To download a RPM package: - - $ sudo yumdownloader - -The downloaded package will be saved in the current directory. You need to use root privilege because yumdownloader will update package index files during downloading. Unlike yum command above, none of the dependent package(s) will be downloaded. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/yum-download-rpm-package.html - -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md b/sources/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4eae05d99d..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,174 +0,0 @@ -Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium -================================================================================ -### Introduction ### - -You have a problem while monitoring your servers, switches or physical machines. **Observium** fits your need. As a free monitoring system, it helps you to monitor your servers remotely. It is an auto-discovering SNMP based network monitoring platform written in PHP which includes support for a wide range of network hardware and operating systems including Cisco, Windows, Linux, HP, NetApp and many other. I will give you the steps to follow while setting up an **Observium** server on Ubuntu 12.04. - -![](https://www.unixmen.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Capture1.png) - -Currently there are two different versions of **observium**. - -- The observium Community is a free tool and licensed under the QPL Open Source license. This version is the best solution for small deployments. It gets security updates each 6 months. -- While the second version, the Observium Professional is distributed under SVN based release mechanism. And it gets daily security updates. This tool is the best for Service Provider and enterprises deployments. - -For more information you can visit the offcial [website of Observium][1]. - -### System Requirements ### - -In order to install **Observium** , it’s necessary to have a server with a fresh installation. The development of **Observium** takes place on Ubuntu LTS and Debian systems, so it’s recommended to install **Observium** on Ubuntu or Debian because may be issues with other platforms. - -This article will guide you on how to install **Observium** on Ubuntu 12.04. For a small **Observium** installation is recommended to use 256MB for the memory and dual core for the process. - -### Installing Prerequisites ### - -Before installing **Observium** you need to make sure to install all dependencies. - -First step is to update your server - - sudo apt-get update - -Then you need to install all packages required to run Observium. - -Observuim need this list of software the run correctly: - -- LAMP server -- fping -- Net-SNMP 5.4+ -- RRDtool 1.3+ -- Graphviz - -Requirements for optional features: - -- Ipmitool – Only if you want to poll IPMI baseboard controllers on servers -- Libvirt-bin – Only if you want to monitor remote VM hosts using libvirt - - sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-mysql php5-gd php5-mcrypt php5-json php-pear snmp fping mysql-server mysql-client python-mysqldb rrdtool subversion whois mtr-tiny ipmitool graphviz imagemagick libvirt ipmitool - -### Creation MySQL Database and User for Observium ### - -Now you need to log into MySQL and create database for **Observuim**: - - mysql -u root -p - -After successful authenticated, you need to create the database. - - CREATE DATABASE observium; - -The database Name is **Observium**. You will need this information later. - -Now, you should create the database administrator. - - CREATE USER observiumadmin@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'observiumpassword'; - -Next, you need to give this user permissions to administer the database you created. - - GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON observium.* TO observiumadmin@localhost; - -You need to flush the privilege information to disk to activate the new MySQL user: - - FLUSH PRIVILEGES; - exit - -### Downloading and Installing Observium ### - -Now that our system is ready, we can start the installation of Observium. - -First step to do is, creating the directory Observium is going to operate out of: - - mkdir -p /opt/observium && cd /opt - -For the purpose of this tutorial, we’re going to be using the Community/Open Source Edition of Observium. Download and unpack it. - - wget http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz - tar zxvf observium-community-latest.tar.gz - -Now go under Observium directory - - cd observium - -Copy the default configuration file ‘**config.php.default**‘ to ‘**config.php**‘ and fill out the database config options: - - cp config.php.default config.php - nano config.php - ----------- - - / Database config - $config['db_host'] = 'localhost'; - $config['db_user'] = 'observiumadmin'; - $config['db_pass'] = 'observiumpassword'; - $config['db_name'] = 'observium'; - -Let’s setup the default schema for the MySQL Database: - - php includes/update/update.php - -Now you need to create directory to store rrd file and change permission to let apache write into the file . - - mkdir rrd - chown apache:apache rrd - -To help you troubleshooting on case of problem, you need to create logs file. - - mkdir -p /var/log/observium - chown apache:apache /var/log/observium - -Now you have to create the virtual host configuration for Observium - - - DocumentRoot /opt/observium/html/ - ServerName observium.domain.com - CustomLog /var/log/observium/access_log combined - ErrorLog /var/log/observium/error_log - - AllowOverride All - Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews - - - -Next, you need to enable rewrite functionality for your Apache server. - -To enable `mod_rewrite` modules, type this command: - - sudo a2enmod rewrite - -This module will be enable the next after reboot of Apache service. - - sudo service apache2 restart - -### Configuring Observium ### - -Before log into the web interface, you need to create administrator account (level 10) to Observium - - # cd /opt/observium - # ./adduser.php admin adminpassword 10 - User admin added successfully. - -Next set a cron jobs for the discovery and the poller jobs, create a new file ‘**/etc/cron.d/observium**‘ and add the following contents. - - 33 */6 * * * root /opt/observium/discovery.php -h all >> /dev/null 2>&1 - */5 * * * * root /opt/observium/discovery.php -h new >> /dev/null 2>&1 - */5 * * * * root /opt/observium/poller-wrapper.py 1 >> /dev/null 2>&1 - -Reload cron process to take new entries. - - # /etc/init.d/cron reload - -You’ve installed Observium Server! Log into Observium using your browser **http://** and be on your way. - -![](https://www.unixmen.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Capture.png) - -Enjoy! - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://www.unixmen.com/monitoring-network-servers-observium/ - -作者：[anismaj][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:https://www.unixmen.com/author/anis/ -[1]:http://www.observium.org/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/translated/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md b/translated/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c0bd5881ed --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/talk/20150203 9 Best IDEs and Code Editors for JavaScript Users.md @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +9款最好的Javacript用户的IDE和代码编辑器。 +================================================================================ +网络应用设计和开发是最近一段时间的发展趋势，也有越来越多的人开始在此寻找他们的职业机会。但是，作为网络开发人员或图形设计人员来说，一个好的机会并不是每个人都能够轻易获得到的，它需要很好的思维展现，以及对于工作的熟练技巧。现在有许多可用的网站来根据你的知识帮助你找到正确的工作描述。但是如果你想要在这个领域有所成就，你仍然需要具有一些出色的手段，例如可以在不同的平台、IDE以及其他的工具上开展工作。 + +说到根据不同目的所使用的大量语言用到的不同平台以及IDE，只靠学习一个IDE来容易地获取项目设计的最佳方案的惯例已经属于过去时了。今天我们活在一个竞争日益激烈的现代生活节奏中，对于IDE们也是相同的处境，IDE是一个用来创建和部署应用的强大的客户端应用。今天我们打算为网络设计者和开发人员分享一些最好的Javacript IDE。 + +请访问作为javascript 用户最好的代码编辑器列表，并将你的想法与我们一起分享。 + +### 1) [Spket][1] ### + +**Spket IDE** 是JavaScript和XML开发的强大工具包。该编辑器可以用来进行开发 JavaScript，XUL/XBL 和Yahoo！小组件。 JavaScript编辑器提供了例如代码补全，语法高亮以及代码内容大纲等特性，可以帮助开发者提高创建高效JavaScript代码的生产率。 + + +![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/spket-e1422674329554.png) + +### 2) [Ixedit][2] ### + +IxEdit 基于Javascript交互的网络设计工具。通过IxEdit,设计者可以在不需要通过代码改变，添加，删除或变换页面元素的情况下，在网页上进行动态进行DOM脚本编写。 + +![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ixedit.png) + +### 3) [Komodo Edit][3] ### + +Komodo是一款免费而强大的编辑器，可以用来编辑JavaScript和其他的编程语言。 +![](http://i2.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/komodo-edit-e1422674596277.png) + +### 4) [EpicEditor][4] ### + +EpicEditor是一个可嵌入的 JavaScript Markdown编辑器，具有分割全屏进行编辑，实时预览，自动草稿保存，离线支持等特性。对于开发人员，它提供了健壮的API，可以容易地设置主题，并允许你以任何其他的事物来替换绑定的Markdown解析器。 + +![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/epiceditor-e1422674732281.png) + +### 5) [codepress][5] ### + +CodePress是一个用JavaScript编写的基于网络的源代码编辑器，具有语法高亮,并且是在你将代码输入到浏览器后实时进行文本颜色渲染。 + +![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/codepres-e1422674893706.png) + +### 6) [ACe][6] ### + +Ace 是一个使用JavaScript编写的嵌入式代码编辑器，它能够匹配宿主编辑器的特性和性能，例如Sublime，Vim和Textate。它能够容易地嵌入到任何的网页和JavaScript应用中。 + +![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ace-e1422675089912.png) + +### 7) [scripted][7] ### + +Scripted是一个快速的轻量级代码编辑器，最初是为了JavaScript编写实现的。 Scripted是一个基于浏览器的编辑器，而编辑器本身有本地运行的Node.js服务器实例来提供服务支持。 + +![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/scripted-e1422675188408.png) + +### 8) [Netbeans][8] ### + +这是另外的一个更加震撼而且有用的编辑器，可以用来编写javascript和其他的编程语言。 + +![](http://i1.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/code_editing1-e1422675506226.png) + +### 9) [Webstorm][9] ### + +这是最智能的JavaScript IDE。 它是为使用Node.js进行复杂的客户端开发和服务器端开发而装备的一个轻巧而强大的完美IDE。 + +![](http://i0.wp.com/devzum.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/webstorm.png) + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://devzum.com/2015/01/31/9-best-ides-and-code-editors-for-javascript-users/ + +作者：[vikas][a] +译者：[theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://devzum.com/author/vikas/ +[1]:http://spket.com/ +[2]:http://www.ixedit.com/ +[3]:http://komodoide.com/komodo-edit/ +[4]:http://oscargodson.github.io/EpicEditor/ +[5]:http://codepress.sourceforge.net/ +[6]:http://ace.c9.io/#nav=about +[7]:https://github.com/scripted-editor/scripted +[8]:https://netbeans.org/ +[9]:http://www.jetbrains.com/webstorm/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md b/translated/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a9f1019c19 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150122 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to use yum to download a RPM package without installing it.md @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +Linux 常见问题解答--如何使用yum来下载RPM包而不进行安装. +================================================================================ +> **问题**:我想从Red Hat's的标准仓库中下载一个RPM包,我能使用yum命令来下载一个RPM包但是不进行安装吗? + +yum是基于Red Hat的系统(如CentOS,Fedora,RHEl)上的默认包管理器.使用yum,你可以安装或者更新一个RPM包,并且他会自动解决包依赖关系.但是如果你只想将一个RPM包下载到你的系统上该怎么办呢? 例如,你可能想要获取一些RPM包在以后使用,或者将他们安装在另外的机器上. + +这里说明了如何从yum仓库上下载一个RPM包. + +### 方法一:yum### + +yum命令本身就可以用来下载一个RPM包,标准的yum命令提供了`--downloadonly(只下载)`的选项来达到这个目的. + + $ sudo yum install --downloadonly + +默认情况下,一个下载的RPM包会保存在下面的目录中: + + /var/cache/yum/x86_64/[centos/fedora-version]/[repository]/packages + +以上的[repository]表示下载包的来源仓库的名称(例如,base,fedora,updates) + +如果你想要讲一个包下载到一个指定的目录(如/tmp): + + $ sudo yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp + +注意,如果下载的包包含了任意没有满足的依赖关系,yum将会把所有的依赖关系包下载,但是都不会被安装. + +另外一个重要的事情时,在CentOS/RHEL 6或更早期的版本中,你需要安装一个单独yum插件(名称为 yum-plugin-downloadonly)才能使用`--downloadonly`命令选项: + + $ sudo yum install yum-plugin-downloadonly + +如果没有该插件,你会在使用yum时得到以下错误: + + Command line error: no such option: --downloadonly + +![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8627/15571201803_38390aae75_c.jpg) + +### 方法二: Yumdownloader### +另外一个下载RPM包的方法就是通过一个专门的包下载工具--yumdownloader. 这个工具时yum工具包(包含了用来进行yum包管理的帮助工具套件)的子集. + + $ sudo yum install yum-utils + +下载一个RPM包: + + $ sudo yumdownloader + +下载的包会被保存在当前目录中.你需要使用root权限,因为yumdownloader会在下载过程中更新包索引文件.与yum命令不同的是,任何依赖包不会被下载. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/yum-download-rpm-package.html + +译者：[theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 diff --git a/translated/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md b/translated/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9c78793904 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ + +使用Observium来监控你的网络和服务器 +================================================================================ +### 简介### + +在监控你的服务器,交换机或者物理机器时有过问题吗?, **Observium**可以满足你的需求.作为一个免费的监控系统,可以帮助你远程监控你的服务器.它是一个由PHP编写的基于自动发现SNMP的网络监控平台,支持非常广泛的网络硬件和操作系统,包括 Cisco,Windows,Linux,HP,NetApp等.在此我会通过在Ubuntu12.04上设置一个**Observium**服务器的同时提供相应的步骤. + +![](https://www.unixmen.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Capture1.png) + +目前存在两种不同的**observium**版本. + +- Observium 社区版本是一个在QPL开源许可证下的免费工具,这个版本时对于较小部署的最好解决方案. 该版本每6个月得到一次安全性更新. +- 第2个版本是Observium Professional, 该版本在基于SVN的发布机制下的发行版. 会得到每日安全性更新. 该工具适用于服务提供商和企业级部署. + +更多信息可以通过其官网获得[website of Observium][1]. + +### 系统需求### + +为了安装 **Observium**, 需要具有一个最新安装的服务器。**Observium**是在Ubuntu LTS和Debian系统上进行开发的，所以推荐在Ubuntu或Debian上安装**Observium**,因为可能在别的平台上会有一些小问题。 + +该文章会知道你如何在Ubuntu12.04上进行安装**Observium**。对于小型的**Observium**安装，推荐的基础配置要有256MB内存和双核处理器。 + +### 安装需求 ### + +在安装**Observuim**之前，你需要确认安装所有的依赖关系包。 + +首先，使用下面的命令更新的服务器： + + sudo apt-get update + +然后你需要安装运行Observuim 所需的全部包。 + +Observium需要使用下面所列出的软件才能正确的运行： + +- LAMP server +- fping +- Net-SNMP 5.4+ +- RRDtool 1.3+ +- Graphviz + +对于可选特性的要求： + +- Ipmitool - 只有当你想要探寻IPMI（Intelligent Platform Management Interface智能平台管理接口）基板控制器。 +- Libvirt-bin - 只有当你想要使用libvirt进行远程VM主机监控时。 + + sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-mysql php5-gd php5-mcrypt php5-json php-pear snmp fping mysql-server mysql-client python-mysqldb rrdtool subversion whois mtr-tiny ipmitool graphviz imagemagick libvirt ipmitool + +### 为Observium创建MySQL 数据库和用户。 + +现在你需要登录到MySQL中并为**Observium**创建数据库： + mysql -u root -p + +在用户验证成功之后，你需要按照下面的命令创建该数据库。 + + CREATE DATABASE observium; + +数据库名为**Observium**,稍后你会需要这个信息。 + +现在你需要创建数据库管理员用户。 + + CREATE USER observiumadmin@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'observiumpassword'; + +接下来，你需要给该管理员用户相应的权限来管理创建的数据库。 + + GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON observium.* TO observiumadmin@localhost; + +你需要将权限信息写回到磁盘中来激活新的MySQL用户： + + FLUSH PRIVILEGES; + exit + +### 下载并安装 Observium### + +现在我们的系统已经准备好了， 可以开始Observium的安装了。 + +第一步，创建Observium将要使用的文件目录： + mkdir -p /opt/observium && cd /opt + +为了达到本教程的目的，我们将会使用Observium的社区/开源版本。使用下面的命令下载并解压： + + wget http://www.observium.org/observium-community-latest.tar.gz + tar zxvf observium-community-latest.tar.gz + +现在进入到Observium目录。 + + cd observium + +将默认的配置文件'**config.php.default**'复制到'**config.php**'，并将数据库配置选项填充到配置文件中： + + cp config.php.default config.php + nano config.php + +---------- + + / Database config + $config['db_host'] = 'localhost'; + $config['db_user'] = 'observiumadmin'; + $config['db_pass'] = 'observiumpassword'; + $config['db_name'] = 'observium'; + +现在为MySQL数据库设置默认的数据库模式： + php includes/update/update.php + +现在你需要创建一个文件目录来存储rrd文件，并修改其权限以便让apache能将写入到文件中。 + + mkdir rrd + chown apache:apache rrd + +为了在出现问题时进行问题修理，你需要创建日志文件。 + + mkdir -p /var/log/observium + chown apache:apache /var/log/observium + +现在你需要为Observium创建虚拟主机配置。 + + + DocumentRoot /opt/observium/html/ + ServerName observium.domain.com + CustomLog /var/log/observium/access_log combined + ErrorLog /var/log/observium/error_log + + AllowOverride All + Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews + + + +下一步你需要让你的Apache服务器的rewrite(重写)功能生效。 + +为了让'mod_rewrite'生效，输入以下命令： + + sudo a2enmod rewrite + +该模块在下一次Apache服务重启之后就会生效。 + + sudo service apache2 restart + +###配置Observium### + +在登入网络接口之前，你需要为Observium创建一个管理员账户（级别10）。 + + # cd /opt/observium + # ./adduser.php admin adminpassword 10 + User admin added successfully. + +下一步为发现和探寻工作设置一个cron任务，创建一个新的文件‘**/etc/cron.d/observium**’ 并在其中添加以下的内容。 + + 33 */6 * * * root /opt/observium/discovery.php -h all >> /dev/null 2>&1 + */5 * * * * root /opt/observium/discovery.php -h new >> /dev/null 2>&1 + */5 * * * * root /opt/observium/poller-wrapper.py 1 >> /dev/null 2>&1 + +重载cron进程来获取系的人物实体。 + + # /etc/init.d/cron reload + +好啦，你已经完成了Observium服务器的安装拉！ 使用你的浏览器登录到**http://**，然后上路巴。 + +![](https://www.unixmen.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Capture.png) + +尽情享受吧！ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://www.unixmen.com/monitoring-network-servers-observium/ + +作者：[anismaj][a] +译者：[theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://www.unixmen.com/author/anis/ +[1]:http://www.observium.org/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20150306 Nmap--Not Just for Evil.md b/translated/tech/20150306 Nmap--Not Just for Evil.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ba923d178d --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150306 Nmap--Not Just for Evil.md @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +Nmap--不只是邪恶. +================================================================================ +如果SSH是系统管理员世界的"瑞士军刀"的话,那么Nmap就是一盒炸药. 炸药很容易被误用然后将你的双脚崩掉,但是也是一个很有威力的工具,能够胜任一些看似无法完成的任务. + +大多数人想到Nmap时,他们想到的是扫描服务器,查找开放端口来实施工具. 然而,在过去的这些年中,同样的超能力在当你管理服务器或计算机遇到问题时变得难以置信的有用.无论是你试图找出在你的网络上有哪些类型的服务器使用了指定的IP地址,或者尝试锁定一个新的NAS设备,以及扫描网络等,都会非常有用. + +图1显示了我的QNAP NAS的网络扫描.我使用该单元的唯一目的是为了NFS和SMB文件共享,但是你可以看到,它包含了一大堆大开大敞的端口.如果没有Nmap,很难发现机器到底在运行着什么玩意儿. + +![](http://www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com/ufiles/imagecache/large-550px-centered/u1002061/11825nmapf1.jpg) + +### 图1 网络扫描 ### + +另外一个无法想象的用处是用它来扫描一个网络.你甚至根本不需要root的访问权限,而且你也可以非常容易地来指定你想要扫描的网络块,例如,输入: + + nmap 192.168.1.0/24 + +上述命令会扫描我局部网络中全部的254个可用的IP地址,让我可以知道那个使可以Ping的,以及那些端口时开放的.如果你刚刚插入一片新的硬件,但是不知道它通过DHCP获取的IP地址,那么此时Nmap就是无价之宝. 例如,上述命令在我的网络中揭示了这个问题. + + Nmap scan report for TIVO-8480001903CCDDB.brainofshawn.com (192.168.1.220) + Host is up (0.0083s latency). + Not shown: 995 filtered ports + PORT STATE SERVICE + 80/tcp open http + 443/tcp open https + 2190/tcp open tivoconnect + 2191/tcp open tvbus + 9080/tcp closed glrpc + +它不仅显示了新的Tivo单元,而且还告诉我那些端口是开放的. 由于它的可靠性,可用性以及黑色边框帽子的能力,Nmap获得了本月的 <<编辑推荐>>奖. 这不是一个新的程序,但是如果你是一个linux用户的话,你应该玩玩它. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/nmap%E2%80%94not-just-evil + +作者：[Shawn Powers][a] +译者：[theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.linuxjournal.com/users/shawn-powers