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Linux 下使用iostat命令生成CPU和I/O的统计报告
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================================================================================
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CPU（中央处理单元）是一台电脑的大脑。所有的处理命令都运行在上面。I/O（输入/输出）同样扮演了一个重要角色。硬盘用于提供数据给处理器并保存CPU处理过的数据。一种衡量处理器和I/O利用率的方法是使用**iostat**命令。通过它们的利用率，我们可以决定是否该增加更多资源。
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CPU是一台电脑的大脑。所有的处理命令都运行在上面。I/O（输入/输出）同样扮演了一个重要角色。硬盘用于提供数据给处理器并保存CPU处理过的数据。一种衡量处理器和I/O利用率的方法是使用**iostat**命令。通过它们的利用率，我们可以决定是否该增加更多资源。
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### iostat 是什么 ###
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## iostat 是什么 ##
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iostat通过观察设备的活跃时间和他们平均传输率之间的关系来监视系统的输入/输出设备负载。iostat生成的报告可以用于修改系统配置从而更好在物理硬盘间平衡输入/输出的报告。
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@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ iostat包含在**sysstat**包内。如果你没有，你首先需要安装它。
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$ sudo apt-get install sysstat
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#### 如何运行 iostat ####
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### 如何运行 iostat ###
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要运行它，只需在控制台下**输入iostat**。下面是一个例子。
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@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ iostat包含在**sysstat**包内。如果你没有，你首先需要安装它。
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#### 下面是如何读取iostat默认报告 ####
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## 下面是如何读取iostat默认报告 ##
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#### 第一部分包含了CPU报告 ####
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### 第一部分包含了CPU报告 ###
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- **%user** : 显示了在执行用户(应用)层时的CPU利用率
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- **%nice** : 显示了在以nice优先级运行用户层的CPU利用率
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ iostat包含在**sysstat**包内。如果你没有，你首先需要安装它。
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- **%steal** : 显示了当hypervisor正服务于另外一个虚拟处理器时无意识地等待虚拟CPU所占有的时间百分比。
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- **%idle** : 显示了CPU在I/O没有挂起请求时空闲时间的百分比
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#### 第二部分包含了设备利用率报告 ####
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### 第二部分包含了设备利用率报告 ###
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- **Device** : 列出的**/dev** 目录下的设备/分区名称
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- **tps** : 显示每秒传输给设备的数量。更高的tps意味着处理器更忙。
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@ -68,19 +68,19 @@ iostat包含在**sysstat**包内。如果你没有，你首先需要安装它。
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和[vmstat][1]一样,作为一个统计工具，最好带延迟参数来使用它。通过延迟参数，我们可以看到趋势。这里有一些带延时运行iostat的示例。
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#### 以KB为单位，2秒间隔，运行3次的方式运行iostat ####
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### 以KB为单位，2秒间隔，运行3次的方式运行iostat ###
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$ iostat -k 2 3
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#### 只显示CPU报告，并以3秒为间隔，报告6次 ####
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### 只显示CPU报告，并以3秒为间隔，报告6次 ###
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$ iostat -c 3 6
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#### 显示hda2和hda6的设备报告，以2秒为间隔，报告4次 ####
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### 显示hda2和hda6的设备报告，以2秒为间隔，报告4次 ###
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$ iostat -d hda2 hda6 2 4
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@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ iostat使用这些文件来创建报告。
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**/proc/diskstats** 包含磁盘统计 (对于2.5以后的内核)
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**/sys** 包含块设备统计 (2.5以后内核)
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### 总结 ###
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## 总结 ##
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vmstat用于监视内存使用，iostat用于监视CPU使用率和I/O系统，这样我们就有了完整的工具来监视你机器中三个重要的组件。这些工具的一个好处是你无需使用root权限运行它们。你可以浏览iostat的手册来深入了解。只需在控制台下输入**man iostat**就可进入iostat手册界面。
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@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
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(翻译中 by runningwater)
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5 Best Themes For Ubuntu 13.10
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================================================================================
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@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ And that ends the list of 5 best themes for Ubuntu 13.10. You may want to check
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via: http://itsfoss.com/best-themes-ubuntu-1310/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
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乌龙茶 翻译中
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Daily Ubuntu Tips – Manually Install Any Version Of Firefox In Ubuntu
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================================================================================
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Firefox is the primary web browser in Ubuntu. It comes pre-installed and added to Ubuntu default software repositories which get updated with the latest version of Firefox automatically.
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@ -65,4 +66,4 @@ via: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2014/02/daily-ubuntu-tips-manually-install-any-
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/all/
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[2]:https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/
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[2]:https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/
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How To Install Google Keep In Ubuntu 13.10 [Quick Tip]
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================================================================================
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Lately, Google Keep has been my favorite quick note taking app in Android. While working on Ubuntu, I often tend to take some quick note as well. Since Google Keep syncs between devices, it makes sense to **install Google Keep in Ubuntu** as well. In this quick tip, I am going to show you how to install Google Keep in Ubuntu 13.10 or other Linux distributions.
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If you are a Google Chrome user, you might be aware of Google ‘desktop apps’. There are a bunch of apps in Chrome Web Store that can be found in “**For your desktop**” collection. Unlike regular Chrome apps that run inside the browser, these ‘desktop apps’ run standalone, like a desktop app. We’ll see how can we leverage this new feature to install chrome apps as native Ubuntu apps.
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### Install Google Keep in Ubuntu 13.10: ###
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Though I am taking an example of Google Keep here, you can use the same procedure to install other apps such as [Any.Do][1] or [Pocket][2] (from For your desktop collection). Quite obviously **you must have Google Chrome web browser installed in your system**. It may or may not work with Chromium browser.
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### Step 1: ###
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Open a new tab in Google Chrome. Go to Chrome Web Store and install Google Keep.
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### Step 2: ###
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Now from the new tab, **right click** on the Google Keep icon and select **Create shortcuts**.
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### Step 3: ###
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Check both Desktop and Application menu.
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That actually is it. Quite easy in fact. You can now find Google Keep in Unity Dash and lock it to launcher. Even if you are not running Chrome, you can simply run Google Keep as a normal Ubuntu app.
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Cool, isn’t it? Google is planning to port Google App Launcher to Linux as well. And soon we will also have Google Now desktop app for Linux which is currently available only in dev channel.
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Thinking about all these, I wonder why Google has not worked on a native Google Drive client for Linux. Of course there are third party apps such as [SyncDrive to sync Google Drive like Dropbox in Ubuntu][3] but an official Google Drive would be much appreciated.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/install-google-keep-ubuntu-1310/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.any.do/
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[2]:http://getpocket.com/
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[3]:http://itsfoss.com/sync-multiple-google-drive-dropbox-syncdrive-ubuntu/
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[4]:
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[5]:
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[6]:
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[7]:
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[8]:
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[9]:
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[10]:
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[11]:
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[12]:
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@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
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(翻译中by runningwater)
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Pear OS Is History!
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================================================================================
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Start of 2014 sees the demise of another Linux distribution. This time its Mac lookalike [Pear OS][1] that bids good bye. Starting from today, Pear OS is no longer available for download. Pear Cloud server will also go offline from 31 January.
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Unlike [Linux distributions that were discontinued in 2013][2], Pear OS is not discontinued for the lack of fund or man power, rather it has been bought by some unknown big enterprise (I hope its not Apple :P) that will use Pear OS for its own product. That means Pear OS cannot be forked or continued by community.
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Owner of Pear OS, David Tavares announced the news on [Facebook][3] on 20 January 2014.
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> Its future is now in hands of a company who wants to remain anonymous for the moment. The concept has pleased them it and now wants to continue and improve the system for their own products. I can not give a name but it is a very large company well known …
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The same message is displayed on the Pear OS website as well. David thanked the user and developers for their support in the farewell message.
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Probably this explains why Pear OS 8 was excessively buggy. David was less focused on developing Pear OS as he was busy in finalizing the deal. {Read: [Pear OS 8 review][4]}
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I saw couple of angry messages on social networking sites that it goes against the ‘norms’ of Open Source. While the outburst is justified to an extent, it is David’s right to choose what he thinks is better for his future. As he indicated that he is going in other direction, may be to start a new venture. I wish him good luck for his future.
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With Pear OS gone, its users may [install Elementary OS Luna][5], another Ubuntu based distribution with OS X-inspired looks.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/pear-os-history/
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译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/runningwater)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://pearlinux.fr/
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[2]:http://itsfoss.com/year-2013-linux-2-linux-distributions-discontinued/
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[3]:https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=453625568072975&id=340980619337471&stream_ref=10
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[4]:http://itsfoss.com/pear-os-8-review/
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[5]:http://itsfoss.com/guide-install-elementary-os-luna/
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@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
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如何在Ubuntu 13.10 上安装Google Keep[快捷提示]
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================================================================================
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最近,Google Keep已经成为我在Android上最喜欢的用的笔记应用。而在Ubuntu上, 我同样想做一些快速笔记。既然Google Keep会在设备间同步, 这样**在Ubuntu上安装Google Keep**也有意义了。在这个快速提示中,我会想你展示如何在Ubuntu 13.10 或者其他Linux发行版上安装Google Keep。
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如果你是一个Google Chrome用户,你可能知道Google 的'桌面应用'。 它可以在Chrome在线商店的**桌面**集合中找到很多应用。不像在运行在浏览器的常规Chrome应用,这些'桌面应用'独立运行,想一个桌面应用那样。我们会看见如何将这个新的特性以原生Ubuntu应用形式安装chrome应用。
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### 在 Ubuntu 13.10 上安装Google Keep: ###
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虽然我在这里用Google Kepp最为例子, 你可以使用相同的流程来安装其他应用,像[Any.do][1]或者[Pocket][2](从你的桌面应用集合中)。非常明显**你必须在你的系统中安装了Chrome浏览器**。它或许无法工作在Chromium浏览器中。
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### 步骤 1: ###
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新建一个Chrome标签页步骤。进入Chrome在线商店并安装Google Keep。
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### 步骤 2: ###
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在新的标签页中,**右击**Google Keep图标并选择 **创建快捷方式**。
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### 步骤 3: ###
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选择桌面和应用菜单。
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就是这样.实际上很简单.你现在可以在Unity Dash中找到Google Keep并锁定到launcher。即使你没有运行Chrome,你可以像其他的Ubuntu程序那样简单地运行Google Keep。
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很酷,不是么? Google也正在计划移植Google App Launcher到Linux中。很快我们就可以像在开发通道内那样使用Google Now桌面应用了。
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想象一下这些,我想要知道为什么Google还没有为Linux开发远程Google Drive客户端。当然这里有一些第三方程序像[SyncDrive用来在Ubuntu上像同步Dropbox那样同步Google Drive][3],,但是官方程序就更好了。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://itsfoss.com/install-google-keep-ubuntu-1310/
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[geekpi](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.any.do/
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[2]:http://getpocket.com/
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[3]:http://itsfoss.com/sync-multiple-google-drive-dropbox-syncdrive-ubuntu/
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[4]:
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[5]:
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[6]:
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[7]:
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[8]:
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[9]:
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[10]:
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[11]:
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33
translated/Pear OS Is History!.md
Normal file
33
translated/Pear OS Is History!.md
Normal file
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Pear OS 系统已成为历史！
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================================================================================
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2014年伊始就看到了再一个 Linux 发布版本的消亡。这一次是外形跟 Mac 系统很相似的 [Pear OS][1] 系统高调的说再见了。从现在开始，Pear OS 不在提供下载了。从一月三十一号起，Pear Cloud 服务也会离线。
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跟[2013年终止的 Linux 发行版本][2]不一样，Pear OS 并不是因为缺乏资金或人为权利的原因而终止的，而是被不知名的大企业（我希望不是 Apple 公司 :P）所收购。他们将会把 Pear OS 作为自有产品，这就意味着社区不能对 Pear OS 创建分支（fork）及继续使用。
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2014年1月20日，Pear OS 的所有者大卫·塔瓦雷斯（David Tavares）在 [Facebook][3] 上发布消息：
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> 它的未来现在已经交到一个公司的手中，此刻这个公司仍然低调，想保密。他们很喜欢系统的设计理念，想把它作为自有的产品，然后继续完善和改进。我不能道出他们公司的名字，但它是一个很大的知名企业 ......
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相同的消息在 Pear OS 的官网上也挂出来了，大卫在告别的消息中感谢用户和开发者对他们的支持。
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也许这就可以解释同为什么 Pear OS 8 那么幼稚（译者注：此处找不到好的词汇，请校对修正）。大卫已经很少专注在 Pear OS 的开发上了，他正忙着敲定这笔交易呢。{可以读读:[Pear OS 8 评论][4]}
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在社区网站上我看到了很多愤怒的消息，因为它背叛了开源的“宗旨”。在一定程度上，虽然这种爆发的情绪是可以理解的，但这是大卫的权利，他有权利选择他认为的更好的未来。他表示他会转到另一个方向，也许又会开启一个新的企业。我希望他得未来式幸运的。
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Pear OS 已经不在，他的用户可能会[安装 Elementary OS Luna][5]，另外一个基于 Ubuntu 但有 OS X 风格外观的发布版本。
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||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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||||
|
||||
via: http://itsfoss.com/pear-os-history/
|
||||
|
||||
译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/runningwater)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[1]:http://pearlinux.fr/
|
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[2]:http://itsfoss.com/year-2013-linux-2-linux-distributions-discontinued/
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[3]:https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=453625568072975&id=340980619337471&stream_ref=10
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[4]:http://itsfoss.com/pear-os-8-review/
|
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[5]:http://itsfoss.com/guide-install-elementary-os-luna/
|
||||
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