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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (stevenzdg988)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-13547-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (Music composition with Python and Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/2/linux-open-source-music)
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[#]: author: (Alan Formy-Duval https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss)
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“MAGFest 先生”专访:用 Python 和 Linux 进行音乐创作
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======
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> 与 “MAGFest 先生” Brendan Becker 的对话。
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![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202107/04/174833k7uvo4l5vov7umv4.jpg)
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1999 年,我在一家计算机商店工作时遇到了 Brendan Becker。我们都喜欢构建定制计算机并在其上安装 Linux。Brendan 一直在同时参与着从游戏编程到音乐创作的多个技术项目。从那之后快进几年,他继续编写 [pyDance][2],这是一个多舞种游戏的开源实现,然后成为了音乐和游戏项目 [MAGFest][3] 的 CEO。他有时被称为 “MAGFest 先生”,因为他是该项目的负责人,Brendan 现在使用的音乐笔名是 “[Inverse Phase][4]”,是一位<ruby>电子合音<rt>chiptune</rt></ruby>(主要在 8 位计算机和游戏机上创作的音乐)作曲家。
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我认为采访并询问他在整个职业生涯中如何从 Linux 和开源软件中受益的一些细节会很有趣。
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![Inverse Phase 表演照片][5]
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### 你是如何开始接触计算机和软件的?
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Brendan Becker:从我记事起,我家就有一台电脑。我父亲热衷于技术;在康柏便携式电脑刚刚上市时,他就带了一台回家,当他不在上面工作时,我就可以使用它。由于我两岁时就开始阅读,使用电脑就成了我的第二天性——只要阅读磁盘上的内容,按照说明进行操作,我就可以玩游戏了!有时我会玩一些学习和教育软件,我们有几张装满游戏的磁盘,我可以在其他时间玩。我记得有一张磁盘,里面有一些流行游戏的免费副本。后来,我父亲向我展示了我们可以呼叫其他计算机(我 5 岁时就上了 BBS!),我看到了一些游戏来自那儿。我喜欢玩的一款游戏是用 BASIC 编写的,当我意识到我可以简单地修改游戏,只需阅读一些内容并重新输入它们游戏就会更轻松,玩游戏就没意思了。
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### 这是上世纪 80 年代?
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Becker:康柏便携式电脑于 1983 年推出,这可以给你一些参考。我爸爸有一个那个型号的初代产品。
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### 你是如何进入 Linux 和开源软件的?
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Becker:在上世纪 90 年代初,我酷爱 MOD 和<ruby>演示场景<rt>demoscene</rt></ruby>之类的东西,我注意到 Walnut Creek(即 [cdrom.com][6];现已解散)在 FreeBSD 上开设了商店。总的来说,我对 Unix 和其他操作系统非常好奇,但没有太多的第一手资料,我认为是时候尝试一些东西了。当时 DOOM 刚刚发布,有人告诉我,我可以试着在计算机上运行它。在这与能够运行很酷的互联网服务器之间,我开始陷入两难取舍。有人看到我在阅读有关 FreeBSD 的文章,并建议我了解一下 Linux,这是一个为 x86 重新编写的新操作系统,与 BSD 不同,(他们说)后者存在一些兼容性问题。因此,我加入了 undernet IRC 上的 #linuxhelp 频道,询问如何开始使用 Linux,并表明我已经做了一些研究(我已经能问出 “Red Hat 和 Slackware 之间有什么区别?”这样的问题),想知道什么是最容易使用的。频道里唯一说话的人说他已经 13 岁了,他都能弄明白 Slackware,所以我应该不会有问题。学校的一个数学老师给了我一个硬盘,我下载了 “A” 盘组和一个启动盘,写入到软盘,安装了它,回头看也并没有花太多时间。
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### 你是如何被称为 “MAGFest 先生”的?
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Becker:嗯,这个很简单。在第一个活动后,我几乎立即成为了 MAGFest 的代理负责人。前任主席都各奔东西,我向负责人要求不要取消活动。解决方案就是自己运营它,当我慢慢地将项目塑造成我自己的时,这个昵称就成了我的。
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### 我记得我在早期参加过,MAGFest 最终变得有多大?
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Becker:第一届 MAGFest 是 265 人。现在它超大,有两万多名不同的参与者。
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### 太棒了!你能简要描述一下 MAGFest 大会吗?
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Becker:我的一个朋友 Hex 描述得非常好。他说:“就像是和你所有的朋友一起举办这个以电子游戏为主题的生日派对,那里恰好有几千人,如果你愿意,他们都可以成为你的朋友,然后还有摇滚音乐会。” 这很快被采用并缩短为 “这是一个为期四天的电子游戏派对,有多场电子游戏摇滚音乐会”。通常 “音乐和游戏节” 这句话就能让人们明白这个意思。
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### 你是如何利用开源软件来运行 MAGFest 的?
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Becker:当我成为 MAGFest 的负责人时,我已经用 Python 编写了一个游戏,所以我觉得用 Python 编写我们的注册系统最舒服。这是一个非常轻松的决定,因为不涉及任何费用,而且我已经有了经验。后来,我们的在线注册系统和拼车界面都是用 PHP/MySQL 编写的,我们的论坛使用了 Kboard。最终,这发展到我们用 Python 从头开始编写了自己的注册系统,我们也在活动中使用它,并在主网站上运行 Drupal。有一次,我还用 Python 编写了一个系统来管理视频室和邀请比赛站。哦,我们有一些游戏音乐收听站,你可以翻阅标志性的游戏 OST(原始音轨)的曲目和简介,和演奏 MAGFest 的乐队。
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### 我知道几年前你减少了你在 MAGFest 的职责,去追求新的项目。你接下来的努力是什么?
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Becker:我一直非常投入游戏音乐领域,并试图将尽可能多的音乐带到 MAGFest 中。随着我越来越多地成为这些社区的一部分,我想参与其中。我使用以前用过的自由开源版本的 DOS 和 Windows 演示场景工具编写了一些视频游戏曲调的混合曲、封面和编曲,我以前使用过的这种工具也是免费的,但不一定是开源的。我在运行 MAGFest 的最初几年发布了一些曲目,然后在 Jake Kaufman(也被称为 `virt`;在他的简历之外也叫 Shovel Knight 和 Shantae)的一些严厉的关爱和建议之后,我改变主题到我更擅长的电子和音。尽管我小时候就用我的康柏便携式电脑编写了 PC 扬声器发出的哔哔啵啵声,并在 90 年代的演示场景中写过 MOD 文件,但我在 2006 年发布了第一首 NES 规格的曲目,我真的能很自豪地称之为我自己的作品。随后还有几张流行音乐的作品和专辑。
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2010 年,有很多人找我做游戏配乐工作。尽管配乐工作对它没有太大影响,但我开始更认真地缩减我在 MAGFest 的一些职责,并且在 2011 年,我决定更多地进入幕后。我会留在董事会担任顾问,帮助人们了解他们需要什么来管理他们的部门,但我不再掌舵了。与此同时,我的兼职工作,即给我支付账单的工作,解雇了他们所有的工人,我突然发现自己有了很多空闲时间。我开始写《 Pretty Eight Machine》,这是一首向《Nine Inch Nails》致敬的作品,我在这个事情和游戏配乐工作之间花了一年多,我向自己证明了我可以用音乐来(即便只是勉强)维持生计,这就是我接下来想做的。
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![Inverse Phase CTM Tracker][7]
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*版权所有 Inverse Phase,经许可使用。*
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### 就硬件和软件而言,你的工作空间是什么样的?
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Becker:在我的 DOS/Windows 时代,我主要使用 FastTracker 2。在 Linux 中,我将其替换为 SoundTracker(不是 Karsten Obarski 的原始版本,而是 GTK 重写版本;参见 [soundtracker.org][8])。近来,SoundTracker 处于不断变化的状态——虽然我仍然需要尝试新的 GTK3 版本——但是当我无法使用 SoundTracker 时,[MilkyTracker][9] 是一个很好的替代品。如果我真的需要原版 FastTracker 2,虽然老旧但它也可以在 DOSBox 中运行起来。然而,那是我开始使用 Linux 的时候,所以这是我在 20-25 年前发现的东西。
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在过去的十年里,我已经从基于采样的音乐转向了电子和音,这是由来自 8 位和 16 位游戏系统和计算机的旧声音芯片合成的音乐。有一个非常好的跨平台工具叫 [Deflemask][10],可以为许多这些系统编写音乐。不过,我想为其创作音乐的一些系统不受支持,而且 Deflemask 是闭源的,因此我已经开始使用 Python 和 [Pygame][11] 从头开始构建自己的音乐创作环境。我使用 Git 维护我的代码树,并将使用开源的 [KiCad][12] 控制硬件合成器板。
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### 你目前专注于哪些项目?
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Becker:我断断续续地从事于游戏配乐和音乐委托工作。在此期间,我还一直致力于创办一个名为 [Bloop][13] 的电子娱乐博物馆。我们在档案和库存方面做了很多很酷的事情,但也许最令人兴奋的是我们一直在用树莓派构建展览。它们的用途非常广泛,而且我觉得很奇怪,如果我在十年前尝试这样做,我就不会有可以驱动我的展品的小型单板计算机;我可能会用把一个平板固定在笔记本电脑的背面!
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### 现在有更多游戏平台进入 Linux,例如 Steam、Lutris 和 Play-on-Linux。你认为这种趋势会持续下去吗?这些会一直存在吗?
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Becker:作为一个在 Linux 上玩了 25 年游戏的人——事实上,我 _是因为_ 游戏才接触 Linux 的——我想我认为这个问题比大多数人认为的更艰难。我已经玩了 Linux 原生游戏几十年了,我甚至不得不对收回我当年说的“要么存在 Linux 解决方案,要么编写出来”这样的话,但最终,我做到了,我编写了一个 Linux 游戏。
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说实话:Android 问世于 2008 年。如果你在 Android 上玩过游戏,那么你就在 Linux 上玩过游戏。Steam 在 Linux 已经八年了。Steambox/SteamOS 发布在 Steam 发布一年后。我没有听到太多 Lutris 或 Play-on-Linux 的消息,但我知道它们并希望它们成功。我确实看到 GOG 的追随者非常多,我认为这非常好。我看到很多来自 Ryan Gordon(icculus)和 Ethan Lee(flibitijibibo)等人的高质量游戏移植,甚至有些公司在内部移植。Unity 和 Unreal 等游戏引擎已经支持 Linux。Valve 已经将 Proton 纳入 Linux 版本的 Steam 已有两年左右的时间了,所以现在 Linux 用户甚至不必搜索他们游戏的 Linux 原生版本。
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我可以说,我认为大多数游戏玩家期待并将继续期待他们已经从零售游戏市场获得的支持水平。就我个人而言,我希望这个水平是增长而不是下降!
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_详细了解 Brendan 的 [Inverse Phase][14] 工作。_
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/2/linux-open-source-music
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作者:[Alan Formy-Duval][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[stevenzdg988](https://github.com/stevenzdg988)
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校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/rh_003499_01_other21x_cc.png?itok=JJJ5z6aB (Wires plugged into a network switch)
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[2]: http://icculus.org/pyddr/
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[3]: http://magfest.org/
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[4]: http://www.inversephase.com/
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[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/inverse_phase_performance_bw.png (Inverse Phase performance photo)
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[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut_Creek_CDROM
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[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/inversephase_ctm_tracker_screenshot.png (Inverse Phase CTM Tracker)
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[8]: http://soundtracker.org
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[9]: http://www.milkytracker.org
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[10]: http://www.deflemask.com
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[11]: http://www.pygame.org
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[12]: http://www.kicad-pcb.org
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[13]: http://bloopmuseum.com
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[14]: https://www.inversephase.com
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[#]: author: (Jim Hall https://opensource.com/users/jim-hall)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-13548-1.html)
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在 Linux 和 FreeDOS 之间复制文件
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======
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下面是我如何在我的 FreeDOS 虚拟机和 Linux 桌面系统之间传输文件。
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![Files in a folder][1]
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> 下面是我如何在我的 FreeDOS 虚拟机和 Linux 桌面系统之间传输文件。
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![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202107/04/181327bfvv3mmzby9z2dpr.jpg)
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我运行 Linux 作为我的主要操作系统,我在一个虚拟机中启动 FreeDOS。大多数时候,我使用 QEMU 作为我的 PC 模拟器,但有时我会用 GNOME Boxes(它使用 QEMU 作为后端虚拟机)或用 VirtualBox 运行其他实验。
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我喜欢玩经典的 DOS 游戏,有时我也会调出一个最喜欢的 DOS 应用。我在管理信息系统 (MIS) 课上讲计算机的历史,有时我会用 FreeDOS 和一个传统的 DOS 应用录制一个演示,比如 As-Easy-As(我最喜欢的 DOS 电子表格,曾经作为“共享软件”发布,但现在可以[从 TRIUS 公司免费获得)][2])。
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我喜欢玩经典的 DOS 游戏,有时我也会调出一个最喜欢的 DOS 应用。我在管理信息系统(MIS)课上讲计算机的历史,有时我会用 FreeDOS 和一个传统的 DOS 应用录制一个演示,比如 As-Easy-As(我最喜欢的 DOS 电子表格,曾经作为“共享软件”发布,但现在可以 [从 TRIUS 公司免费获得][2])。
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但是以这种方式使用 FreeDOS 意味着我需要在我的 FreeDOS 虚拟机和我的 Linux桌 面系统之间传输文件。让我来展示是如何做到这一点的。
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### 用 guestmount 访问镜像
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我曾经通过计算第一个 DOS 分区的偏移量来访问我的虚拟磁盘镜像,然后用正确的选项组合来调用 Linux 的 `mount` 命令来匹配这个偏移量。这总是很容易出错,而且不是很灵活。幸运的是,有一个更简单的方法可以做到这一点。来自 [libguestfs-tools][3] 包的 `guestmount` 程序可以让你从 Linux 中访问或_挂载_虚拟磁盘镜像。你可以在 Fedora 上用这个命令安装 `libguestfs-tools`:
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我曾经通过计算第一个 DOS 分区的偏移量来访问我的虚拟磁盘镜像,然后用正确的选项组合来调用 Linux 的 `mount` 命令来匹配这个偏移量。这总是很容易出错,而且不是很灵活。幸运的是,有一个更简单的方法可以做到这一点。来自 [libguestfs-tools][3] 包的 `guestmount` 程序可以让你从 Linux 中访问或 _挂载_ 虚拟磁盘镜像。你可以在 Fedora 上用这个命令安装 `libguestfs-tools`:
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```
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`$ yum install libguestfs-tools libguestfs`
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$ yum install libguestfs-tools libguestfs
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```
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使用 `guestmount` 并不像从 GNOME 文件管理器中双击文件那么简单,但命令行的使用并不难。`guestmount` 的基本用法是:
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```
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`$ guestmount -a image -m device mountpoint`
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$ guestmount -a image -m device mountpoint
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```
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在这个用法中,_image_ 是要使用的虚拟磁盘镜像。在我的系统中,我用 `qemu-img` 命令创建了 QEMU 虚拟磁盘镜像。`guestmount` 程序可以读取这种磁盘镜像格式,以及 GNOME Boxes 使用的 QCOW2 镜像格式,或者 VirtualBox 使用的 VDI 镜像格式。
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在这个用法中,`image` 是要使用的虚拟磁盘镜像。在我的系统中,我用 `qemu-img` 命令创建了 QEMU 虚拟磁盘镜像。`guestmount` 程序可以读取这种磁盘镜像格式,以及 GNOME Boxes 使用的 QCOW2 镜像格式,或者 VirtualBox 使用的 VDI 镜像格式。
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_device_ 选项表示虚拟磁盘上的分区。想象一下,把这个虚拟磁盘当作一个真正的硬盘使用。你可以用 `/dev/sda1` 访问第一个分区,用 `/dev/sda2` 访问第二个分区,以此类推。这就是 `guestmount` 的语法。默认情况下,FreeDOS 1.3 RC4 在一个空的驱动器上创建了一个分区,所以访问这个分区的时候要用 `/dev/sda1`。
|
||||
`device` 选项表示虚拟磁盘上的分区。想象一下,把这个虚拟磁盘当作一个真正的硬盘使用。你可以用 `/dev/sda1` 访问第一个分区,用 `/dev/sda2` 访问第二个分区,以此类推。这就是 `guestmount` 的语法。默认情况下,FreeDOS 1.3 RC4 在一个空的驱动器上创建了一个分区,所以访问这个分区的时候要用 `/dev/sda1`。
|
||||
|
||||
而 _mountpoint_ 是在你的本地 Linux 系统上“挂载” DOS 文件系统的位置。我通常会创建一个临时目录来工作。你只在访问虚拟磁盘时需要挂载点。
|
||||
而 `mountpoint` 是在你的本地 Linux 系统上“挂载” DOS 文件系统的位置。我通常会创建一个临时目录来工作。你只在访问虚拟磁盘时需要挂载点。
|
||||
|
||||
综上所述,我使用这组命令从 Linux 访问我的 FreeDOS 虚拟磁盘镜像:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ mkdir /tmp/freedos
|
||||
$ guestmount -a freedos.img -m /dev/sda1 /tmp/freedos
|
||||
@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ $ guestmount -a freedos.img -m /dev/sda1 /tmp/freedos
|
||||
|
||||
之后,我可以通过 `/tmp/freedos` 目录访问我的 FreeDOS 文件,使用 Linux 上的普通工具。我可以在命令行中使用 `ls /tmp/freedos`,或者使用桌面文件管理器打开 `/tmp/freedos` 挂载点。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ ls -l /tmp/freedos
|
||||
total 216
|
||||
@ -70,19 +68,16 @@ drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 8192 May 11 18:33 TEMP
|
||||
|
||||
![GNOME file manager][4]
|
||||
|
||||
使用 GNOME 文件管理器来访问虚拟磁盘
|
||||
(Jim Hall, [CC-BY SA 4.0][5])
|
||||
*使用 GNOME 文件管理器来访问虚拟磁盘*
|
||||
|
||||
例如,要从我的 Linux `projects` 目录中复制几个 C 源文件到虚拟磁盘镜像上的 `C:\SRC`,以便我以后能在 FreeDOS 下使用这些文件,我可以使用 Linux `cp` 命令:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`$ cp /home/jhall/projects/*.c /tmp/freedos/SRC`
|
||||
$ cp /home/jhall/projects/*.c /tmp/freedos/SRC
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
虚拟驱动器上的文件和目录在技术上是不分大小写的,所以你可以用大写或小写字母来引用它们。然而,我发现使用所有大写字母来输入 DOS 文件和目录更为自然。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ ls /tmp/freedos
|
||||
APPS CONFIG.SYS EDLIN FDCONFIG.SYS KERNEL.SYS SRC.ZIP
|
||||
@ -97,12 +92,12 @@ EDLIN.EXE MAKEFILE.OW
|
||||
|
||||
### 用 guestmount 卸载
|
||||
|
||||
在你再次在虚拟机中使用虚拟磁盘镜像之前,你应该总是先_卸载_。如果你在运行 QEMU 或 VirtualBox 时让镜像挂载,你有可能弄乱你的文件。
|
||||
在你再次在虚拟机中使用虚拟磁盘镜像之前,你应该总是先 _卸载_。如果你在运行 QEMU 或 VirtualBox 时让镜像挂载,你有可能弄乱你的文件。
|
||||
|
||||
与 `guestmount` 配套的命令是 `guestunmount`,用来卸载磁盘镜像。只要给出你想卸载的挂载点就可以了:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`$ guestunmount /tmp/freedos`
|
||||
$ guestunmount /tmp/freedos
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
请注意命令拼写与 Linux 的 `umount` 稍有不同。
|
||||
@ -114,7 +109,7 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/21/6/copy-files-linux-freedos
|
||||
作者:[Jim Hall][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Jim Hall: How Do You Fedora?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/jim-hall-how-do-you-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Karimi Hari Priya https://fedoramagazine.org/author/haripriya21/)
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (zz-air)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
Jim Hall: How Do You Fedora?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
We recently interviewed Jim Hall on how he uses Fedora. This is part of a [series][2] on the Fedora Magazine. The series profiles Fedora users and how they use Fedora to get things done. Contact us on the [feedback form][3] if you are interested in being interviewed for a further installment of this series.
|
||||
|
||||
## **Who is Jim Hall?**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim Hall served as Chief Information Officer in higher education and government for over eight years and has recently started the consulting company [Hallmentum][4]. Most of his work includes training, workshops, and coaching to help new IT leaders develop leadership skills, also to help current IT leaders get better at leadership. Apart from consulting, Jim also serves as adjunct faculty at the university level, currently teaching courses in Management Information Systems (MIS) and Technical & Professional Writing.
|
||||
|
||||
How did Jim grow up? Jim’s childhood heroes were from TV and movies, including Batman and Han Solo. Jim’s long-time favorite go-to movie is Star Wars: A New Hope. Jim says, “I am a big Star Wars nerd.” Jim’s favorite meals are Italian. “I love Italian food! Probably my favorite Italian dish is chicken cacciatore.” Jim’s opinion is that Honesty, Creativity, Imagination, Curiosity, and Openness are the five greatest qualities someone can possess.
|
||||
|
||||
He loves writing, which is good because most of his day job is about writing. He spends a lot of time writing “how-to” articles for places like OpenSource.com, CloudSavvy IT, and Linux Magazine, and right now he is writing a book about C programming. Apart from writing, he also relaxes by playing video games. He owns a PlayStation 4 and can be found most Saturday afternoons in front of his TV playing a game.
|
||||
|
||||
## **Fedora Community**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim started using Linux in 1993. His first Linux distribution was Softlanding Linux System (SLS) 1.03, running Linux kernel 0.99 patch level 11. “I’ve been a full-time Linux user at home ever since”. Jim became more involved in Fedora after attending a Linux conference long ago in the Fedora Core days. Jim met Tom “Spot” Callaway there, and they got talking about Fedora. “Spot encouraged me to contribute another way: by finding bugs and reporting them. And that’s how I got involved in testing for all the Beta releases”.
|
||||
|
||||
What would Jim like to change in Fedora? He would like to see a countdown on the getfedora.org website, that tells when the new Beta release or new full release is due out as a change in Fedora Project. And Jim wishes that other people know how easy it is to use Fedora. ”The most challenging thing in contributing to open source is to figure out how to make their first contribution.” Jim adds, “I don’t know that I’m a ‘Fedora Project member’ like other developers would be. I’m just a user. But as someone who’s been involved in developing open-source software since 1993 or 1994, I try to be a helpful member of the community. So I take every opportunity to experiment with new Fedora releases, even the Beta releases, and let people know if I find problems.”
|
||||
|
||||
## **What hardware do you use?**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim is currently running a ThinkCentre M720 Tiny. It’s configured with 8th Generation Intel Core i3-8100T (3.10GHz, 6MB Cache), 32GB (16GB + 16GB) DDR4 2666MHz, Intel graphics, 256GB Solid State Drive PCIe-NVME Opal M.2, Intel 8265 802.11AC, and Bluetooth 4.2. His monitor is an Asus VE248H. “It all works great with Fedora!” says Jim.
|
||||
|
||||
He uses the Perixx Periboard-512 Ergonomic Classic Split Keyboard which replaced his original Microsoft Natural Keyboard Elite PS/2 keyboard from 1998. Jim says “I sometimes swap out the Perixx keyboard for my USB clone of the original IBM Model M keyboard, from Unicomp. I do love the clicky keyboard with the buckling spring action. And mine is in the ‘putty white’ color so it has that classic look and feel.”
|
||||
|
||||
## **What software do you use?**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim is currently running Fedora 33 and previously Fedora 33 Beta, and Fedora 32. “I use GNOME 3 as my desktop. I find the defaults suit most of my needs, so I don’t have any GNOME Extensions loaded, but I do adjust a few things using Settings and GNOME Tweaks. So I’m not making any big changes. For example, I changed my default user interface font to use Droid Sans Regular. And I used Settings to change the keyboard shortcut so Alt-Tab switches windows instead of switching applications. I grew up with the Alt-Tab workflow, so I’m used to that,” says Jim. He uses Firefox and Google Chrome as his web browsers.
|
||||
|
||||
To run his consultancy business, Jim relies on a suite of applications:
|
||||
|
||||
* [LibreOffice][5] to write his books. For example, he published [Coaching Buttons][6] last year. He wrote this book entirely using LibreOffice. More recently, he wrote a book about [Writing Free DOS Programs in C][7] and used LibreOffice for that too.
|
||||
* [INKSCAPE][8] for creating his company logo in vector format. His logo scales up and down perfectly—from a small corner image on a document to a large-format poster or banner. And INKSCAPE lets him export to a variety of common formats. Jim says that his advertising partners appreciate that INKSCAPE can export to EPS (Encapsulated Postscript), which makes it a snap to print his logo on products.
|
||||
* [GIMP][9] for other graphics, such as a splash image. “My splash image is my company logo placed over a background image, and I use that in place of a plain logo where I need extra pizzazz, such as on printed materials. I also use a version of the splash image on my website.”
|
||||
* [QEMU][10] to run a virtual machine where he can boot [FreeDOS][11]. “I like using QEMU because I can set all the options I need at the command line, which gives me a lot of extra flexibility in configuring the virtual machine. To make this easier, I put all the options into a script, and use that to run QEMU with the same options every time.”
|
||||
* [Scribus][12] to print products. Scribus is easy to use to create print-ready materials with _full bleed_, meaning any color backgrounds overlap the edge of the paper. Full bleed requires a special print-ready file that overlaps the print area . It even provides cut marks so that the printer knows exactly where to trim.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![Scribus – Postcard][13]
|
||||
|
||||
![QEMU – running as easy as in FreeDOS][14]
|
||||
|
||||
![Libre Office Writer][15]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/jim-hall-how-do-you-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[Karimi Hari Priya][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[zz-air](https://github.com/zz-air)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/haripriya21/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/PXL_20200929_205044670.PORTRAIT-01.COVER_-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://fedoramagazine.org/tag/how-do-you-fedora
|
||||
[3]: https://fedoramagazine.org/submit-an-idea-or-tip
|
||||
[4]: https://hallmentum.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.libreoffice.org/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.amazon.com/Coaching-Buttons-Jim-Hall/dp/0359834930
|
||||
[7]: https://www.freedos.org/books/
|
||||
[8]: https://inkscape.org/
|
||||
[9]: https://www.gimp.org/
|
||||
[10]: https://www.qemu.org/
|
||||
[11]: https://www.freedos.org/
|
||||
[12]: https://www.scribus.net/
|
||||
[13]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Scribus-postcard-1024x576.png
|
||||
[14]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/QEMU-running-AsEasyAs-in-FreeDOS.png
|
||||
[15]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/LibreOffice-Writer-book-1-1024x576.png
|
@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Can Windows 11 Influence Linux Distributions?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://news.itsfoss.com/can-windows-11-influence-linux/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Ankush Das https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/)
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
Can Windows 11 Influence Linux Distributions?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Microsoft’s Windows 11 has been finally revealed. While some compare it to macOS, others compare the nitty-gritty details to find similarities with GNOME and KDE (which does not make much sense).
|
||||
|
||||
But, among all the buzz, I am curious about something else — **Can Microsoft’s Windows 11 influence the future design decisions of desktop Linux distributions?**
|
||||
|
||||
Here I shall mention some of my thoughts on why it might happen, if it has happened before, and what the future holds for Linux distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
### Some Linux Distributions Already Focus on Windows-like Experience: But, why?
|
||||
|
||||
Microsoft’s Windows is the most popular desktop operating system with **88% of the market share** for its ease of use, software support, and hardware compatibility.
|
||||
|
||||
On the contrary, Linux has **about 2% of the market share,** even with all the added [benefits of Linux over Windows][1].
|
||||
|
||||
So what can Linux do to convince more users to try Linux as their desktop operating system?
|
||||
|
||||
The main focus of every desktop operating system should be the user experience. While Microsoft and Apple have managed to provide a comfortable user experience for the masses, Linux distributions did not manage to get a big win on that front.
|
||||
|
||||
However, you will find several [Linux distributions that aim to replace Windows 10][2]. These Linux distributions try to provide a familiar user interface that could encourage a Windows user to consider switching to Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
And, due to the existence of such distributions, [switching to Linux in 2021][3] makes more sense than ever.
|
||||
|
||||
Hence, to get more users to jump-ship to Linux, Microsoft Windows has influenced many distributions for years now.
|
||||
|
||||
### Is Windows 11 Better than Linux in Some Way?
|
||||
|
||||
The user interface is constantly evolving with Windows. Even if that’s subjective, it is what most desktop users seem to be going for.
|
||||
|
||||
So I’d say Windows 11 has made some attractive improvements on that front.
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Not just limited to the UI/UX, things like integrating Microsoft Team’s chat features in the taskbar makes it convenient for users to instantly connect with anyone.
|
||||
|
||||
**While Linux distributions do not have their own full-fledged services, more out-of-the-box integrations tailored like this should make the onboarding experience easier for new users.**
|
||||
|
||||
And that brings me to another aspect of Windows 11—a personalized news and information feed.
|
||||
|
||||
Sure, Microsoft collects data for that, and you may have to sign in using a Microsoft account. But this is yet something that reduces friction for the users to go and look for a separate app to keep track of weather, news, and other daily information.
|
||||
|
||||
Linux does not force these choices for a user but features/integrations like this can be added as additional options which can be presented in the form of a choice to users.
|
||||
|
||||
**In other words, making things more accessible while integrated with the OS should get rid of a steep learning curve.**
|
||||
|
||||
And, the dreaded Microsoft Store has also got a serious upgrade with Windows 11.
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Unfortunately, for Linux distributions, I don’t see much meaningful upgrade to the app centers to make it visually appealing, and something interesting.
|
||||
|
||||
elementaryOS is probably making a good effort to focus on the UX/UI, and the evolving the experience with app center but for the most other distros, no significant upgrade.
|
||||
|
||||
![Software Manager in Linux Mint 20.1][6]
|
||||
|
||||
While I appreciate what Deepin Linux does in this regard, but it isn’t the popular choice for many users who try Linux for the first time.
|
||||
|
||||
### Windows 11 Introduces More Competition: Linux Has to Keep Up
|
||||
|
||||
With the launch of Windows 11, Linux as a desktop choice will get more competition.
|
||||
|
||||
While we do have some replacements for Windows 10 experience in the Linux world, there’s nothing that targets Windows 11, yet.
|
||||
|
||||
But this brings us to the obvious counter-response from the Linux community – **a Linux distribution that takes a dab at Windows 11**.
|
||||
|
||||
No matter whether you hate or love Microsoft’s latest design approach to Windows 11, the masses will adopt it over the next few years.
|
||||
|
||||
And to keep Linux as a compelling desktop alternative, the design language with Linux distributions must evolve as well.
|
||||
|
||||
Not just the desktop market—but laptop-exclusive design choices also need a significant improvement for Linux distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
Some options like [Pop!_OS by System76][7] have been trying to offer that experience for Linux, which is a good start.
|
||||
|
||||
I think Zorin OS can be one of the distributions to introduce a “**Windows 11**” layout as an option to get more users to try Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
Not to forget—[Deepin Linux introduced Android app support][8] right after Windows 11 marketed it as a feature.
|
||||
|
||||
So, you see when Microsoft’s Windows makes a move, it does have a ripple effect on Linux, too. And Deepin Linux’s Android app support is just the start…Let’s see what else comes up next.
|
||||
|
||||
_What do you think about Windows 11 influencing the future of Linux desktop? Do we need to evolve as well? Or should we continue being different and not get influenced by what the masses choose?_
|
||||
|
||||
#### Big Tech Websites Get Millions in Revenue, It's FOSS Got You!
|
||||
|
||||
If you like what we do here at It's FOSS, please consider making a donation to support our independent publication. Your support will help us keep publishing content focusing on desktop Linux and open source software.
|
||||
|
||||
I'm not interested
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://news.itsfoss.com/can-windows-11-influence-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/linux-better-than-windows/
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/windows-like-linux-distributions/
|
||||
[3]: https://news.itsfoss.com/switch-to-linux-in-2021/
|
||||
[4]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjQ4OCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
|
||||
[5]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjUyMCIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
|
||||
[6]: data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBoZWlnaHQ9IjY0OSIgd2lkdGg9Ijc4MCIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiLz4=
|
||||
[7]: https://pop.system76.com
|
||||
[8]: https://news.itsfoss.com/deepin-linux-20-2-2-release/
|
@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ Are you a polyglot who loves mixing different programming languages? Do you love
|
||||
via: https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/engineering/cgo-and-python/
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[ Massimiliano Pippi][a]
|
||||
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
译者:[Zioyi](https://github.com/Zioyi)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Identify flowers and trees with this open source mobile app)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/21/7/open-source-plantnet)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
Identify flowers and trees with this open source mobile app
|
||||
======
|
||||
PlantNet combines open source technology with crowdsourced knowledge to
|
||||
help you become an amateur botanist.
|
||||
![Fire pink flower in Maggie Valley, NC][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Where I live, there are lots of trails and roads lined with flowers and trees. My community is famous for its annual maple festival, and maple trees are easy for me to identify. However, there are many other trees I cannot identify by name. Flowers are the same: dandelions are easy to spot, but I don't know the names of the wildflowers that line my walking path.
|
||||
|
||||
Recently my wife told me about PlantNet, a mobile application that can identify these flowers and trees. It's available on iOS and Android, and it's free, so I decided to try it out.
|
||||
|
||||
### Identifying plants the open source way
|
||||
|
||||
I downloaded the app on my phone and began using it to identify some of the flowers and trees on my walks around the village. As I became familiar with the app, I noticed that the pictures I took (and those taken by other users) are shared with a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) license. Further investigation revealed that PlantNet is [open source][2]. You can use the application anonymously if you like or become a registered member of the community.
|
||||
|
||||
According to the [Cos4Cloud][3] citizen science project, "PlantNet is a participatory citizen science platform for collecting, sharing, and reviewing plant observations based on automated identification. Its objective is to monitor plant biodiversity and facilitate access to plant knowledge by the general public." It uses image-recognition techniques to inventory biodiversity.
|
||||
|
||||
The project's development began in 2009 by botanists and computer scientists in France. It started out as a [web application][4], and the smartphone app launched in 2013. The project is part of the [Floris'Tic][5] initiative, another French project that aims to promote scientific, technical, and industrial culture in plant sciences.
|
||||
|
||||
PlantNet allows users to utilize a smartphone's camera to collect visual specimens, which are identified by software and the community. These photos are then shared with millions of people worldwide who are part of the PlantNet network.
|
||||
|
||||
The project says, "The PlantNet system works by comparing visual patterns transmitted by users via photos of plant organs (flowers, fruits, leaves …) that they seek to determine. These images are analyzed and compared to an image bank produced collaboratively and enriched daily. The system then offers a possible list of species with its illustrations."
|
||||
|
||||
### Using PlantNet
|
||||
|
||||
The mobile application is easy to use. Launch it from the app's icon on your smartphone.
|
||||
|
||||
![PlantNet smartphone icon][6]
|
||||
|
||||
(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][7])
|
||||
|
||||
When the application opens, you see the specimens you've already collected in your library. The Camera icon at the bottom of the display allows you to use your camera to add pictures to your photo library.
|
||||
|
||||
![Pl@ntnet homescreen][8]
|
||||
|
||||
(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][7])
|
||||
|
||||
Choose the Camera option, and point your phone's camera at a tree or flower you want to identify. After you take the picture, click on the option (leaf, flower, bark, fruit, and so on) that matches the specimen you want to identify.
|
||||
|
||||
![Selecting plant type to identify][9]
|
||||
|
||||
(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][7])
|
||||
|
||||
For example, if you're trying to identify a specimen by its leaf characteristics, choose **leaf**. PlantNet assigns a degree of certainty about its identification, ranging from a high to a low percentage. You can also use your smartphone's GPS function to add location information to your data collection automatically, and you can also add a note.
|
||||
|
||||
![Identified plant][10]
|
||||
|
||||
(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][7])
|
||||
|
||||
You can access all the observations you have uploaded and keep track of whether the community has approved them either on your smartphone or by logging into the website with your user ID (if you create an account). From the web interface, you can also download a record of your observations in CSV or spreadsheet formats.
|
||||
|
||||
![Pl@ntnet provides user stats][11]
|
||||
|
||||
(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][7])
|
||||
|
||||
### The great outdoors
|
||||
|
||||
I particularly enjoy that PlantNet links to Wikipedia so that I can read more information about the plant data I collect.
|
||||
|
||||
There are currently approximately 12 million PlantNet users worldwide, so the data set is growing all the time. The application is free to use for up to 500 requests per day. It also features an API that delivers data in JSON format, so you can even use Pl
antNet's visual identification engine as a web service.
|
||||
|
||||
One very nice thing about PlantNet is that it combines crowdsourced knowledge and open source technology to connect users to each other and with the great outdoors. There's no better reason to support open source software than this.
|
||||
|
||||
A complete description of the application and its developers is available on [YouTube][12] (in French with English subtitles). You can also learn more about the project on [PlantNet][13]'s website.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/21/7/open-source-plantnet
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[Don Watkins][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/fire-pink-flower-maggie-valley.jpg?itok=q6Ev7TSr (Fire pink flower in Maggie Valley, NC)
|
||||
[2]: https://github.com/plantnet
|
||||
[3]: https://cos4cloud-eosc.eu/citizen-science-innovation/cos4cloud-citizen-observatories/plntnet/
|
||||
[4]: https://identify.plantnet.org/
|
||||
[5]: http://floristic.org/
|
||||
[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/plantnet-icon.jpg (PlantNet smartphone icon)
|
||||
[7]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
|
||||
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/plantnet_camera.jpg (Pl@ntnet homescreen)
|
||||
[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/plantnet_plant-type.jpg (Selecting plant type to identify)
|
||||
[10]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/plantnet-identification.jpg (Identified plant)
|
||||
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/plantnet_user-stats.jpg (Pl@ntnet provides user stats)
|
||||
[12]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_cBqaPfRFE
|
||||
[13]: https://plantnet.org/
|
81
translated/talk/20210621 Jim Hall- How Do You Fedora.md
Normal file
81
translated/talk/20210621 Jim Hall- How Do You Fedora.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Jim Hall: How Do You Fedora?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/jim-hall-how-do-you-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Karimi Hari Priya https://fedoramagazine.org/author/haripriya21/)
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (zz-air)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
Jim Hall: 你觉得 Fedora 怎么样?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
我们最近采访了 Jim Hall 关于他如何使用 Fedora. 这个部分是在一个 Fedora 杂志 [系列][2] 上。 该系列介绍了Fedora用户以及他们如何使用Fedora来完成任务。 如果您对本系列的下一期采访感兴趣,请通过 [反馈表][3] 与我们联系。
|
||||
|
||||
## **Jim Hall 是谁?**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim Hall 曾担任高等教育和政府部门的首席信息管超过8年,最近创办了咨询公司 [Hallmentum][4]。 他的大部分工作包括培训、研讨会和指导帮助新的IT领导者发展领导技能,也帮助当前的IT领导者更好地发挥领导能力。除了咨询 Jim 还担任大学水平的兼职教师, 目前教授管理信息系统(MIS)和技术与专业写作课程。
|
||||
|
||||
Jim 是怎么长大的? Jim 童年时代的英雄来自电视和电影,包括蝙蝠侠和汉索罗。 Jim 长期以来最喜欢看的电影是《星球打字:新希望》。 Jim 说:“我是一个星球大战迷” Jim 最喜欢吃意大利菜。 “我喜欢的意大利菜可能是炖鸡”。 Jim 的观点是诚实、创造力、想象力、好奇心和开放性是一个人所能拥有的五大品质。
|
||||
|
||||
他喜欢写作,这很好,因为他的日常工作主要是写作。 他花了很多时间为像OpenSource.com、CloudSavvy IT 和 Linux Magazine等网站撰写“如何”文章。现在他正在写一本关于C编程的书。除了写作,他还玩电子游戏来放松。他有一台 PlayStation 4游戏机,大多数周六下午他都会坐在电视机前玩游戏。
|
||||
|
||||
## **Fedora 社区**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim 从1993年开始使用 Linux 。 他的第一个 Linux 发行版本是软著陆 Linux 系统 (SLS) 1.03, 运行 Linux 内核 0.99 补丁级别 11。 “从那以后,我一直是家里全职 Linux 用户”。 Jim在很久以前参加了Fedora核心时代的一个Linux会议之后,对Fedora的参与度更高了。 Jim 和 Tom 在这遇见了“斑点” 卡拉威, 他们开始谈论 Fedora. “ 斑点鼓励我用另一种方式来做贡献:找到bug并报告它们。这就是我参与测试所有Beta版本的原因”.
|
||||
|
||||
Jim 想在 Fedora 改变什么? 他想看到 getfedora 的倒计时。非盈利的组织网站,他告诉新的Beta版本或新的完整版本合适发布是取决于Fedora项目的改变。 并且 Jim 想让人们都知道,使用 Fedora 是多容易。 “对开源做出贡献最具挑战性的事情是找出如何做出他们的第一个贡献。”Jim补充道,“我不知道我和其他开发人员一样是‘Fedora项目成员’。我只是个用户。但是作为一个从1993年或1994年就开始参与开发开源软件的人,我试图成为社区中一个有帮助的成员。因此,我利用一切机会尝试新的 Fedora 版本,甚至是 Beta 版,如果我发现问题,就让人们知道。”
|
||||
## **你用什么硬件 ?**
|
||||
|
||||
Jim 目前正在运行 ThinkCentre M720 Tiny。 它配置了第8代酷睿 i3-8100T (3.10GHz, 6MB 内存), 32GB (16GB + 16GB) DDR4 2666MHz, 因特尔显卡, 256GB 固态硬盘 PCIe-NVME Opal M.2, 英特尔 8265 802.11AC, 和 蓝牙 4.2。 他的显卡是华硕 VE248H。 Jim说:“这一切都很适合 Fedora!”。
|
||||
|
||||
他使用 Perixx Periboard-512 人体工程学经典拆分键盘,它从1998年开始取代了他最初的微软天然键盘精英 PS/2 键盘。Jim 说: “我有时候会把我的 Perixx 键盘换成 Unicomp 的 IBM Model M USB克隆键盘。 我很喜欢带有弯曲弹簧动作的点击键盘。 我的是“灰白色”,所以它有种经典的外观和感觉”
|
||||
|
||||
Jim 目前运行的是 Fedora 33 、之前的 Fedora 33 Beta 和 Fedora 32。 Jim说:“我使用 GNOME 3 作为我的桌面。 我发现默认值适合我的大多数需求,所以我没有加载任何GNOME 扩展, 但我确实使用设置和 GNOME 调整了一些东西。 所以我不会做什么大的改变。 例如,我将默认用户界面字体改为使用 Droid Sans Regular 字体。并且我用“设置”来改变键盘快捷键,用Alt-Tab键来切换窗口,而不是切换应用程序。我是在Alt-Tab工作流程中长大的,所以我已经习惯了。”。 他使用火狐和谷歌浏览器来作为他的网络浏览器。
|
||||
|
||||
为了经营他的咨询业务,Jim依赖于一套应用程序:
|
||||
|
||||
* 使用 [LibreOffice][5] 去写他的书例如,他去年出版了 [《指导按钮》][6],他完全是用 来写这本书的。最近他写了一本关于 [用C语言编写自由DOS程序的书][7] 也用了 LibreOffice 。
|
||||
* [INKSCAPE][8] 在矢量格式上用于创造他公司的标志。他的标志从文件上的小角落图像到大幅面的海报或横幅,完美地上下伸缩。并且INKSCAPE允许他导出各种通用格式。Jim说他的广告合作伙伴很欣赏INKSCAPE可以输出到EPS(封装的附言),这使得在产品上打印他的徽标变得很容易。
|
||||
* [GIMP][9] 用于其他图形,例如飞溅图片 “我的飞溅图片是我们公司的标准被放在了背景照片上,并且我用它来代替我需要额外装饰的普通标志,比如印刷材料。我也在我的网站上使用了splash图像的一个版本”。
|
||||
* [QEMU][10] 运行一个虚拟机,在他那里可以启动 [FreeDOS][11]. “我喜欢使用QEMU,因为我可以在命令行中设置所有需要的选项,这使我在配置虚拟机时有了很大的灵活性。为了使这更容易,我将所有选项放入一个脚本中,并使用该脚本每次使用相同的选项运行QEMU。”
|
||||
* [Scribus][12] 是用来打印产品的。 Scribus使用起来很容易,它可以创建打印就绪的材料,并带有“全出血”,这意味着任何颜色的背景都会重叠在纸张的边缘。 完全出血需要一个特殊的打印准备文件重叠的打印区域。它甚至还提供切割标记,以便打印机准确地知道要修剪的位置。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
![Scribus – Postcard][13]
|
||||
|
||||
![QEMU – running as easy as in FreeDOS][14]
|
||||
|
||||
![Libre Office Writer][15]
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/jim-hall-how-do-you-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[Karimi Hari Priya][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[zz-air](https://github.com/zz-air)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/haripriya21/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/PXL_20200929_205044670.PORTRAIT-01.COVER_-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://fedoramagazine.org/tag/how-do-you-fedora
|
||||
[3]: https://fedoramagazine.org/submit-an-idea-or-tip
|
||||
[4]: https://hallmentum.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.libreoffice.org/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.amazon.com/Coaching-Buttons-Jim-Hall/dp/0359834930
|
||||
[7]: https://www.freedos.org/books/
|
||||
[8]: https://inkscape.org/
|
||||
[9]: https://www.gimp.org/
|
||||
[10]: https://www.qemu.org/
|
||||
[11]: https://www.freedos.org/
|
||||
[12]: https://www.scribus.net/
|
||||
[13]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Scribus-postcard-1024x576.png
|
||||
[14]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/QEMU-running-AsEasyAs-in-FreeDOS.png
|
||||
[15]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/LibreOffice-Writer-book-1-1024x576.png
|
@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (stevenzdg988)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Music composition with Python and Linux)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/2/linux-open-source-music)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Alan Formy-Duval https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss)
|
||||
|
||||
Music composition with Python and Linux
|
||||
用 Python 和 Linux 进行音乐创作
|
||||
======
|
||||
与 MAGFest 先生的聊天——Brendan Becker。
|
||||
![接入网络交换机的网络线缆][1]
|
||||
|
||||
1999 年,我遇到了在一家计算机商店工作的 Brendan Becker。我们都喜欢构建定制计算机并在其上安装 Linux。 Brendan 总是同时参与多个技术项目,从游戏编程到音乐创作。从电脑商店的日子快进几年,他继续编写[pyDance][2],一个多跳舞游戏的开源实现,然后成为音乐和游戏项目[MAGFest][3]的 CEO。有时被称为 “Mr. MAGFest”,因为他是项目的负责人,Brendan 现在使用音乐笔名 “[Inverse Phase][4]” 作为 `chiptunes`(电子和音)的作曲家——主要在8位计算机和游戏控制台上制作音乐。
|
||||
|
||||
我认为采访他并询问他在整个职业生涯中如何从 Linux 和开源软件中受益的一些细节会很有趣。
|
||||
|
||||
![Inverse Phase 表演照片][5]
|
||||
|
||||
版权所有 Nickeledge, CC BY-SA 2.0.
|
||||
|
||||
### Alan Formy-Duval: 您是如何开始使用计算机和软件的?
|
||||
|
||||
Brendan Becker:从我记事起,我家就有一台电脑。我父亲热衷于技术;当 Compaq Portable 第一次大量上市时,他带了一台回家,当他不用它工作时,我可以使用它。自从我两岁开始阅读来,使用电脑就成了我的第二天性——只要阅读磁盘上的内容,按照说明进行操作,我就可以玩游戏了!有时我会玩学习和教育软件,我们有几张装满游戏的磁盘,我可以在其他时间玩。我记得有一个磁盘,里面有一些流行主题的免费克隆。最终,我父亲向我展示了我们可以调用其他计算机(5 岁时在 BBS 上!),我看到了一些游戏的来源。我喜欢玩的一款游戏是用 BASIC 编写的,当我意识到我可以简单地修改游戏时,只需阅读一些内容并重新输入它们以使我的游戏更容易,所有的赌注都被取消了。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 这是 80 年代?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker: Compaq Portable 康柏便携式电脑于 1983 年推出,为您提供了一个参考框架。我爸爸有第一个那个模型。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 您是如何进入 Linux 和开源软件的?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:在 90 年代初我酷爱 MOD 和演示场景的东西,我注意到 Walnut Creek([cdrom.com][6];现已解散)在 FreeBSD 上运行商店。总的来说,我对 Unix 和其他操作系统非常好奇,但没有太多的第一手资料,认为是时候尝试一些东西了。DOOM 刚刚发布,有人告诉我甚至可以让它运行。在这与能够运行很酷的互联网服务器之间,我开始陷入困境。有人看到我在阅读有关 FreeBSD 的文章,并建议我检查 Linux,这是一个重新为 x86 编写的新操作系统,与 BSD 不同,后者(他们说)存在一些兼容性问题。因此,我加入了在线交谈网络 IRC 上的 `#linuxhelp` 并询问如何开始使用 Linux,指出我已经做了一些研究(询问 “Red Hat 和 Slackware 之间有什么区别?”)并主要探讨什么是最简单的使用。频道里唯一说话的人说他已经 13 岁了,他可以弄清楚 Slackware,所以我应该没有问题。学校的一个数学老师给了我一个硬盘,我下载了 “A” 盘组和一个启动盘,写了出来,安装了它,回头看并没有花太多时间。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 你是如何被称为 MAGFest 先生的?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:嗯,这个很简单。在第一个项目后,我几乎立即成为了 MAGFest 的代理负责人。前任主席都各奔东西,我向负责人要求不要取消项目。解决方案是自己运行它,当我慢慢地将项目塑造成我自己的时,这个昵称就成了我的。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 我记得在那些早期参加过。 MAGFest 到底有多大?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:第一届 MAGFest 是 265 人。现在是一个可怕的庞大的罕见的 20,000+ 出席者。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 太棒了!您能简要描述一下 MAGFest 大会吗?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:我的一个朋友 Hex 描述得非常好。他说:“就像是和你所有的朋友一起举办这个以电子游戏为主题的生日派对,但那里恰好有几千人,如果你愿意,他们都可以成为你的朋友,然后还有摇滚音乐会。” 这很快被采用并缩短为 “这是一个为期四天的视频游戏派对,有多个视频游戏摇滚音乐会”。通常 “音乐和游戏节” 这个措词是人们所需要的。
|
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|
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### Formy-Duval: 您是如何利用开源软件来运行 MAGFest 的?
|
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|
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Becker:当我成为 MAGFest 的负责人时,我已经用 Python 编写了一个游戏,所以我觉得用 Python 编写我们的注册系统最舒服。这是一个非常容易的决定,因为不涉及任何成本,而且我已经有了经验。后来,我们的在线注册系统和拼车界面都是用 PHP/MySQL 编写的,我们的论坛使用了 Kboard。最终,从无到有逐渐形成在 Python 中滚动我们自己的注册系统,我们也在项目中使用它,并在主网站上运行 Drupal。有一次,我还用 Python 编写了一个系统来管理视频室和邀请比赛站。哦,我们有一些游戏音乐收听站,你可以翻阅曲目,标志性游戏的班轮笔记 OST(原始音轨)和演奏 MAGFest 的乐队。
|
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|
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### Formy-Duval: 我知道几年前你减少了你在 MAGFest 的职责,去追求新的项目。你接下来的努力是什么?
|
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|
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Becker:我一直非常投入游戏音乐领域,并试图将尽可能多的音乐带到 MAGFest 中。随着我越来越多地成为这些社区的一部分,我想参与其中。我使用我以前使用过的免费开源版本的 DOS 和 Windows 演示场景工具编写了一些视频游戏曲调的混合曲、封面和编曲,这些工具也是免费的,但不一定是开源的。我在运行 MAGFest 的最初几年发布了一些曲目,然后在 Jake Kaufman(也被称为 `virt`;其中包括 Shovel Knight 和 Shantae 等人在他的简历上)的一些严厉的爱和建议之后,我改变主题到我更擅长的—— `chiptunes`(电子和音)。尽管我在 90 年代的演示场景中用我的 Compaq Portable 和 MOD 文件编写了 PC 扬声器的哔哔声和嘘声,但我还是在 2006 年发布了第一首 NES-spec 曲目,我真的很自豪地称之为我自己的曲目。专辑紧随其后。
|
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|
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2010 年,有很多人找我做游戏配乐工作。尽管配乐工作对它没有太大影响,但我开始更认真地缩减我在 MAGFest 的一些职责,并且在 2011 年,我决定在后台采取更大的步骤。我会留在董事会担任顾问,帮助人们了解他们需要什么来管理他们的部门,但我不再掌舵了。与此同时,我的兼职工作,即支付账单,解雇了他们所有的工人,我突然发现自己有很多空闲时间。我开始写 Pretty Eight Machine, Nine Inch Nails 致敬,我花了一年多,在那和游戏配乐工作之间,我向自己证明了我可以用音乐把食物放在桌子上(如果只是勉强),这就是我接下来想做的。
|
||||
|
||||
###
|
||||
|
||||
![Inverse Phase CTM 跟踪器][7]
|
||||
|
||||
版权所有 Inverse Phase,经许可使用。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 就硬件和软件而言,您的工作空间是什么样的?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:在我的 DOS/Windows 时代,我主要使用 FastTracker 2。在 Linux 中,我将其替换为 SoundTracker(不是 Karsten Obarski 的原始版本,而是 GTK 重写;参见 [soundtracker.org][8])。这些天,SoundTracker 处于不断变化的状态——虽然我仍然需要尝试新的 GTK3 版本——但是当我无法使用 SoundTracker 时,[MilkyTracker][9] 是一个很好的替代品。如果我真的需要原版,那么好老的 FastTracker 2 也可以在 DOSBox 中运行。然而,那是我开始使用 Linux 的时候,所以这是我在 20-25 年前发现的东西。
|
||||
|
||||
在过去的十年里,我已经从基于样本的音乐转向了`chiptunes`(电子和音)——由来自 8 位和 16 位游戏系统和计算机的旧声音芯片合成的音乐。有一个非常好的跨平台工具 [Deflemask][10] 可以为许多这些系统编写音乐。不过,我想为其创作音乐的一些系统不受支持,而且 Deflemask 是闭源的,因此我已经开始使用 Python 和 [Pygame][11] 从头开始构建自己的音乐创作环境。我使用 Git 维护我的代码树,并将使用开源 [KiCad][12] 控制硬件合成器板。
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 您目前专注于哪些项目?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:我断断续续地制作游戏配乐和音乐委员会。在此期间,我还一直致力于创办一个名为 [Bloop][13] 的电子娱乐博物馆。我们在档案和详细目录方面做了很多很酷的事情,但也许最令人兴奋的是我们一直在用 Raspberry Pi 构建展览。它们是如此多才多艺,而且很奇怪,如果我在十年前尝试这样做,我就不会拥有小型单板计算机来驱动我的展品;我可能会用螺栓将笔记本电脑固定在平板的背面!
|
||||
|
||||
### Formy-Duval: 现在有更多游戏平台进入 Linux,例如 Steam、Lutris 和 Play-on-Linux。您认为这种趋势会持续下去吗?这些会一直存在吗?
|
||||
|
||||
Becker:作为一个在 Linux 上玩了 25 年游戏的人——事实上,我被带到 Linux _是因为_ 游戏——我想我认为这个问题比大多数人更难。几十年来,我一直在运行 Linux 原生游戏,我甚至不得不对“存在 Linux 解决方案或可以编写”的话表示食言,但最终,我做到了,编写了一个 Linux 游戏。
|
||||
|
||||
真心话:Android 于 2008 年问世。如果您在 Android 上玩过游戏,那么您就在 Linux 上玩过游戏。Steam 已可用于 Linux 八年。Steambox/SteamOS 仅在 Steam 发布一年后发布。我没有听到很多关于 Lutris 或 Play-on-Linux 的消息,但我知道它们存在并希望它们成功。我确实看到 GOG 的追随者非常多,我认为这非常好。我看到很多高质量的游戏端口来自 Ryan Gordon (icculus) 和 Ethan Lee (flibitijibibo) 等人,甚至有些公司在内部移植。Unity 和 Unreal 等游戏引擎已经支持 Linux。Valve 已经将 Proton 纳入 Linux 版本的 Steam 已有两年左右的时间了,所以现在 Linux 用户甚至不必搜索他们游戏的 Linux 原生版本。
|
||||
|
||||
我可以说,我认为大多数游戏玩家期待并将继续期待他们已经从零售游戏市场获得的支持水平。就我个人而言,我希望这个水平增长而不是下降!
|
||||
|
||||
_详细了解 Brendan 担任 [Inverse Phase][14] 的工作。_
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/2/linux-open-source-music
|
||||
|
||||
作者:[Alan Formy-Duval][a]
|
||||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者:[stevenzdg988](https://github.com/stevenzdg988)
|
||||
校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/rh_003499_01_other21x_cc.png?itok=JJJ5z6aB (Wires plugged into a network switch)
|
||||
[2]: http://icculus.org/pyddr/
|
||||
[3]: http://magfest.org/
|
||||
[4]: http://www.inversephase.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/inverse_phase_performance_bw.png (Inverse Phase performance photo)
|
||||
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut_Creek_CDROM
|
||||
[7]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/inversephase_ctm_tracker_screenshot.png (Inverse Phase CTM Tracker)
|
||||
[8]: http://soundtracker.org
|
||||
[9]: http://www.milkytracker.org
|
||||
[10]: http://www.deflemask.com
|
||||
[11]: http://www.pygame.org
|
||||
[12]: http://www.kicad-pcb.org
|
||||
[13]: http://bloopmuseum.com
|
||||
[14]: https://www.inversephase.com
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user