From bafbced87e3bcc68030228a16527a5229d3d1831 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DarkSun Date: Tue, 17 Sep 2019 00:54:29 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E9=80=89=E9=A2=98:=2020190916=20How=20to=20sta?= =?UTF-8?q?rt=20developing=20with=20.NET?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit sources/tech/20190916 How to start developing with .NET.md --- ...90916 How to start developing with .NET.md | 170 ++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 170 insertions(+) create mode 100644 sources/tech/20190916 How to start developing with .NET.md diff --git a/sources/tech/20190916 How to start developing with .NET.md b/sources/tech/20190916 How to start developing with .NET.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..8dae5addd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources/tech/20190916 How to start developing with .NET.md @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) +[#]: subject: (How to start developing with .NET) +[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/9/getting-started-net) +[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/sethhttps://opensource.com/users/alex-bunardzichttps://opensource.com/users/alex-bunardzic) + +How to start developing with .NET +====== +Learn the basics to get up and running with the .NET development +platform. +![Coding on a computer][1] + +The .NET framework was released in 2000 by Microsoft. An open source implementation of the platform, [Mono][2], was the center of controversy in the early 2000s because Microsoft held several patents for .NET technology and could have used those patents to end Mono implementations. Fortunately, in 2014, Microsoft declared that the .NET development platform would be open source under the MIT license from then on, and in 2016, Microsoft purchased Xamarin, the company that produces Mono. + +Both .NET and Mono have grown into cross-platform programming environments for C#, F#, GTK#, Visual Basic, Vala, and more. Applications created with .NET and Mono have been delivered to Linux, BSD, Windows, MacOS, Android, and even some gaming consoles. You can use either .NET or Mono to develop .NET applications. Both are open source, and both have active and vibrant communities. This article focuses on getting started with Microsoft's implementation of the .NET environment. + +### How to install .NET + +The .NET downloads are divided into packages: one containing just a .NET runtime, and the other a .NET software development kit (SDK) containing the .NET Core and runtime. Depending on your platform, there may be several variants of even these packages, accounting for architecture and OS version. To start developing with .NET, you must [install the SDK][3]. This gives you the [dotnet][4] terminal or PowerShell command, which you can use to create and build projects. + +#### Linux + +To install .NET on Linux, first, add the Microsoft Linux software repository to your computer. + +On Fedora: + + +``` +$ sudo rpm --import +$ sudo wget -q -O /etc/yum.repos.d/microsoft-prod.repo +``` + +On Ubuntu: + + +``` +$ wget -q -O packages-microsoft-prod.deb +$ sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb +``` + +Next, install the SDK using your package manager, replacing **<X.Y>** with the current version of the .NET release: + +On Fedora: + + +``` +`$ sudo dnf install dotnet-sdk-` +``` + +On Ubuntu: + + +``` +$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https +$ sudo apt update +$ sudo apt install dotnet-sdk-<X.Y> +``` + +Once all the packages are downloaded and installed, confirm the installation by opening a terminal and typing: + + +``` +$ dotnet --version +X.Y.Z +``` + +#### Windows + +If you're on Microsoft Windows, you probably already have the .NET runtime installed. However, to develop .NET applications, you must also install the .NET Core SDK. + +First, [download the installer][3]. To keep your options open, download .NET Core for cross-platform development (the .NET Framework is Windows-only). Once the **.exe** file is downloaded, double-click it to launch the installation wizard, and click through the two-step install process: accept the license and allow the install to proceed. + +![Installing dotnet on Windows][5] + +Afterward, open PowerShell from your Application menu in the lower-left corner. In PowerShell, type a test command: + + +``` +`PS C:\Users\osdc> dotnet` +``` + +If you see information about a dotnet installation, .NET has been installed correctly. + +#### MacOS + +If you're on an Apple Mac, [download the Mac installer][3], which comes in the form of a **.pkg** package. Download and double-click on the **.pkg** file and click through the installer. You may need to grant permission for the installer since the package is not from the App Store. + +Once all packages are downloaded and installed, confirm the installation by opening a terminal and typing: + + +``` +$ dotnet --version +X.Y.Z +``` + +### Hello .NET + +A sample "hello world" application written in .NET is provided with the **dotnet** command. Or, more accurately, the command provides the sample application. + +First, create a project directory and the required code infrastructure using the **dotnet** command with the **new** and **console** options to create a new console-only application. Use the **-o** option to specify a project name: + + +``` +`$ dotnet new console -o hellodotnet` +``` + +This creates a directory called **hellodotnet** in your current directory. Change into your project directory and have a look around: + + +``` +$ cd hellodotnet +$ dir +hellodotnet.csproj  obj  Program.cs +``` + +The file **Program.cs** is an empty C# file containing a simple Hello World application. Open it in a text editor to view it. Microsoft's Visual Studio Code is a cross-platform, open source application built with dotnet in mind, and while it's not a bad text editor, it also collects a lot of data about its user (and grants itself permission to do so in the license applied to its binary distribution). If you want to try out Visual Studio Code, consider using [VSCodium][6], a distribution of Visual Studio Code that's built from the MIT-licensed source code _without_ the telemetry (read the [documentation][7] for options to disable other forms of tracking in even this build). Alternatively, just use your existing favorite text editor or IDE. + +The boilerplate code in a new console application is: + + +``` +using System; + +namespace hellodotnet +{ +    class Program +    { +        static void Main(string[] args) +        { +            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); +        } +    } +} +``` + +To run the program, use the **dotnet run** command: + + +``` +$ dotnet run +Hello World! +``` + +That's the basic workflow of .NET and the **dotnet** command. The full [C# guide for .NET][8] is available, and everything there is relevant to .NET. For examples of .NET in action, follow [Alex Bunardzic][9]'s mutation testing articles here on opensource.com. + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/19/9/getting-started-net + +作者：[Seth Kenlon][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sethhttps://opensource.com/users/alex-bunardzichttps://opensource.com/users/alex-bunardzic +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/code_computer_laptop_hack_work.png?itok=aSpcWkcl (Coding on a computer) +[2]: https://www.monodevelop.com/ +[3]: https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download +[4]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/dotnet?tabs=netcore21 +[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/dotnet-windows-install.jpg (Installing dotnet on Windows) +[6]: https://vscodium.com/ +[7]: https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium/blob/master/DOCS.md +[8]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/tutorials/intro-to-csharp/ +[9]: https://opensource.com/users/alex-bunardzic (View user profile.)