From 2c96e3d4d70ddfef860077c09068040b3021c5d9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zyk <Zyk2290@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 7 Apr 2018 23:14:37 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Delete 20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using
 Parted Command.md

---
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diff --git a/sources/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md b/sources/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 804a31fa52..0000000000
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-How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command
-======
-Translating by zyk2290
-
-We all knows disk partitions is one of the important task for Linux administrator. They can not survive without knowing this.
-
-In worst cases, at least once in a week they would get this request from dependent team but in big environment admins used to get this request very often.
-
-You may ask why we need to use parted instead of fdisk? What is the difference? It’s a good question, i will give you more details about this.
-
-  * Parted allow users to create a partition when the disk size is larger than 2TB but fdisk doesn’t allow.
-  * Parted is a higher-level tool than fdisk.
-  * It supports multiple partition table which includes GPT.
-  * It allows users to resize the partition but while shrinking the partition it does not worked as expected and i got error most of the time so, i would advise users to do not shrink the partition.
-
-
-
-### What Is Parted
-
-Parted is a program to manipulate disk partitions. It supports multiple partition table formats, including MS-DOS and GPT.
-
-It allows user to create, delete, resize, shrink, move and copy partitions, reorganizing disk usage, and copying data to new hard disks. GParted is a GUI frontend of parted.
-
-### How To Install Parted
-
-Parted package is pre-installed on most of the Linux distribution. If not, use the following commands to install parted package.
-
-For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** , use [APT-GET Command][1] or [APT Command][2] to install parted.
-```
-$ sudo apt install parted
-
-```
-
-For **`RHEL/CentOS`** , use [YUM Command][3] to install parted.
-```
-$ sudo yum install parted
-
-```
-
-For **`Fedora`** , use [DNF Command][4] to install parted.
-```
-$ sudo dnf install parted
-
-```
-
-For **`Arch Linux`** , use [Pacman Command][5] to install parted.
-```
-$ sudo pacman -S parted
-
-```
-
-For **`openSUSE`** , use [Zypper Command][6] to install parted.
-```
-$ sudo zypper in parted
-
-```
-
-### How To Launch Parted
-
-The below parted command picks the `/dev/sda` disk automatically, because this is the first hard drive in this system.
-```
-$ sudo parted
-GNU Parted 3.2
-Using /dev/sda
-Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
-(parted)
-
-```
-
-Also we can go to the corresponding disk by selecting the appropriate disk using below command.
-```
-(parted) select /dev/sdb
-Using /dev/sdb
-(parted)
-
-```
-
-If you wants to go to particular disk, use the following format. In our case we are going to use `/dev/sdb`.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Device Name]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb
-GNU Parted 3.2
-Using /dev/sdb
-Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
-(parted)
-
-```
-
-### How To List Available Disks Using Parted Command
-
-If you don’t know what are the disks are added in your system. Just run the following command, which will display all the available disks name, and other useful information such as Disk Size, Model, Sector Size, Partition Table, Disk Flags, and partition information.
-```
-$ sudo parted -l
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 1049kB 32.2GB 32.2GB primary ext4 boot
-
-
-Error: /dev/sdb: unrecognised disk label
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: unknown
-Disk Flags:
-
-```
-
-The above error message clearly shows there is no valid disk label for the disk `/dev/sdb`. Hence, we have to set `disk label` first as it doesn’t take any label automatically.
-
-### How To Create Disk Partition Using Parted Command
-
-Parted allows us to create primary or extended partition. Procedure is same for both but make sure you have to pass an appropriate partition type like `primary` or `extended` while creating the partition.
-
-To perform this activity, we have added a new `50GB` hard disk in the system, which falls under `/dev/sdb`.
-
-In two ways we can create a partition, one is detailed way and other one is single command. In the below example we are going to add one primary partition in detailed way. Make a note, we should set `disk label` first as it doesn’t take any label automatically.
-
-We are going to create a new partition with `10GB` of disk in the below example.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb
-GNU Parted 3.2
-Using /dev/sdb
-Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
-(parted) mklabel msdos
-(parted) unit GB
-(parted) mkpart
-Partition type? primary/extended? primary
-File system type? [ext2]? ext4
-Start? 0.00GB
-End? 10.00GB
-(parted) print
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 0.00GB 10.0GB 10.0GB primary ext4 lba
-
-(parted) quit
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-Alternatively we can create a new partition using single parted command.
-
-We are going to create second partition with `10GB` of disk in the below example.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [mkpart] [Partition Type] [Filesystem Type] [Partition Start Size] [Partition End Size]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext4 10.0GB 20.0GB
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-### How To Create A Partition With All Remaining Space
-
-You have created all required partitions except `/home` and you wants to use all the remaining space to `/home` partition, how to do that? use the following command to create a partition.
-
-The below command create a new partition with 33.7GB, which starts from `20GB` and ends with `53GB`. `100%` end size will allow users to create a new partition with remaining all available space in the disk.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [mkpart] [Partition Type] [Filesystem Type] [Partition Start Size] [Partition End Size]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext4 20.0GB 100%
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-### How To List All Partitions using Parted
-
-As you aware of, we have created three partitions in the above step and if you want to list all available partitions on the disk use the print command.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 3 20.0GB 53.7GB 33.7GB primary ext4
-
-```
-
-### How To Create A File System On Partition Using mkfs
-
-Users can create a file system on the partition using mkfs. Follow the below procedure to create a filesystem using mkfs.
-```
-$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
-mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
-Creating filesystem with 2621440 4k blocks and 656640 inodes
-Filesystem UUID: 415cf467-634c-4403-8c9f-47526bbaa381
-Superblock backups stored on blocks:
-    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
-
-Allocating group tables: done
-Writing inode tables: done
-Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
-Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
-
-```
-
-Do the same for other partitions as well.
-```
-$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
-$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3
-
-```
-
-Create necessary folders and mount the partitions on that.
-```
-$ sudo mkdir /par1 /par2 /par3
-
-$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /par1
-$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /par2
-$ sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /par3
-
-```
-
-Run the following command to check newly mounted partitions.
-```
-$ df -h /dev/sdb[1-3]
-Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
-/dev/sdb1 9.2G 37M 8.6G 1% /par1
-/dev/sdb2 9.2G 37M 8.6G 1% /par2
-/dev/sdb3 31G 49M 30G 1% /par3
-
-```
-
-### How To Check Free Space On The Disk
-
-Run the following command to check available free space on the disk. This disk has `25.7GB` of free disk space.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print free
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 3 20.0GB 28.0GB 8001MB primary ext4
- 28.0GB 53.7GB 25.7GB Free Space
-
-```
-
-### How To Resize Partition Using Parted Command
-
-Parted allow users to resize the partitions to big and smaller size. As i told in the beginning of the article, do not shrink partitions because this leads to face disk error issue.
-
-Run the following command to check disk partitions and available free space. I could see `25.7GB` of free space on this disk.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print free
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 3 20.0GB 28.0GB 8001MB primary ext4
- 28.0GB 53.7GB 25.7GB Free Space
-
-```
-
-Run the following command to resize the partition. We are going to resize (increase) the partition 3 end size from `28GB to 33GB`.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [resizepart] [Partition Number] [Partition New End Size]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb resizepart 3 33.0GB
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-Run the following command to verify whether this partition is increased or not. Yes, i could see the partition 3 got increased from `8GB to 13GB`.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 3 20.0GB 33.0GB 13.0GB primary ext4
-
-```
-
-Resize the file system to grow the resized partition.
-```
-$ sudo resize2fs /dev/sdb3
-resize2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
-Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb3 to 3173952 (4k) blocks.
-The filesystem on /dev/sdb3 is now 3173952 (4k) blocks long.
-
-```
-
-Finally, check whether the mount point has been successfully increased or not.
-```
-$ df -h /dev/sdb[1-3]
-Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
-/dev/sdb1 9.2G 5.1G 3.6G 59% /par1
-/dev/sdb2 9.2G 2.1G 6.6G 24% /par2
-/dev/sdb3 12G 1.1G 11G 10% /par3
-
-```
-
-### How To Remove Partition Using Parted Command
-
-We can simple remove the unused partition (if the partition is no longer use) using rm command. See the procedure below. We are going to remove partition 3 `/dev/sdb3` in this example.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [rm] [Partition Number]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb rm 3
-Warning: Partition /dev/sdb3 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue?
-Yes/No? Yes
-Error: Partition(s) 3 on /dev/sdb have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use.
-You should reboot now before making further changes.
-Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-We can check the same using below command. Yes, i could see that partition 3 has been removed successfully.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
-
-```
-
-### How To Set/Change Partition Flag Using Parted Command
-
-We can easily change the partition flag using below command. We are going to set `lvm` flag to partition 2 `/dev/sdb2`.
-```
-$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [set] [Partition Number] [Flags Name] [Flag On/Off]
-
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb set 2 lvm on
-Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
-
-```
-
-We can verify this modification by listing disk partitions.
-```
-$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
-Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
-Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
-Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
-Partition Table: msdos
-Disk Flags:
-
-Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
- 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
- 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4 lvm
-
-```
-
-To know list of available flags, use the following command.
-```
-$ (parted) help set
- set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
-
-    NUMBER is the partition number used by Linux. On MS-DOS disk labels, the primary partitions number from 1 to 4, logical partitions from 5 onwards.
- FLAG is one of: boot, root, swap, hidden, raid, lvm, lba, hp-service, palo, prep, msftres, bios_grub, atvrecv, diag, legacy_boot, msftdata, irst, esp
- STATE is one of: on, off
-
-```
-
-If you want to know the available options in parted, just navigate to `help` page.
-```
-$ sudo parted
-GNU Parted 3.2
-Using /dev/sda
-Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
-(parted) help
- align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
- help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND
- mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table)
- mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
- name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
- print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
- quit exit program
- rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END
- resizepart NUMBER END resize partition NUMBER
- rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
- select DEVICE choose the device to edit
- disk_set FLAG STATE change the FLAG on selected device
- disk_toggle [FLAG] toggle the state of FLAG on selected device
- set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
- toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
- unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
- version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
-(parted) quit
-
-```
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-via: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-manage-disk-partitions-using-parted-command/
-
-作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
-校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
-
-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
-
-[a]:https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
-[1]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
-[2]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
-[3]:https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
-[4]:https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
-[5]:https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
-[6]:https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/

From 2176568eed69c48e7245055d061953b02e299341 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zyk <Zyk2290@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 7 Apr 2018 23:17:47 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] =?UTF-8?q?=E5=AE=8C=E6=88=90=E7=BF=BB=E8=AF=91zyk2290?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 ...ge Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md | 454 ++++++++++++++++++
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 create mode 100644 translated/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md

diff --git a/translated/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md b/translated/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b2d594fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/translated/tech/20180318 How To Manage Disk Partitions Using Parted Command.md	
@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+怎样用 Parted 管理硬盘分区
+======
+Translating by zyk2290
+
+众所周知，硬盘分区对Linux管理员来说是其中一项最重要的管理任务，他们不能不知道这个。
+
+在最糟糕的时候，你至少每周一次会收到从依赖小组的请求，在大的环境里会更加频繁 。
+
+你可能会问为什么我们要用Parted而不是fdisk? 有什么区别? 好问题, 我会告诉你这两者的区别。
+
+  * Parted支持用户在大于2TB的硬盘上创建硬盘分区， 但fdisk命令不支持
+  * 对比fdisk来说， Parted是一个更高级的工具
+  * 支持更多的分区表类型，包括GPT ( LCTT译者注：全局唯一标识分区表 )。
+  * 它允许用户调整分区大小， 但当缩减分区空间的时候，它没有在我意料之内工作， 在大部分时候， 我会得到错误。 所以 我会建议用户不要用Parted来缩减分区大小。
+
+
+
+### 什么是 Parted
+
+Parted 是一个操作硬盘分区的程序. 它支持多种分区表类型，包括 MS-DOS和 GPT .
+
+它允许用户创建， 删除， 调整 ，缩减，移动和复制分区 ，以及重新组织硬盘的使用， 复制数据到新的硬盘上。GParted是parted的图形界面前端。
+
+### 怎样安装Parted
+
+大部分发行版已经预安装了Parted 如果没有, 用下列命令来安装Parted.
+
+对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`** 用户, 使用 [APT-GET Command][1] 或者 [APT Command][2] 来安装Parted。
+```
+$ sudo apt install parted
+
+```
+
+对于 **`RHEL/CentOS`** , 用 [YUM Command][3] 来安装parted。
+```
+$ sudo yum install parted
+
+```
+
+对于 **`Fedora`** , 用 [DNF Command][4] 命令来安装parted。
+```
+$ sudo dnf install parted
+
+```
+
+对于 **`Arch Linux`** , 用 [Pacman Command][5] 命令来安装parted。
+```
+$ sudo pacman -S parted
+
+```
+
+对于 **`openSUSE`** , 用 [Zypper Command][6] 命令来安装parted。
+```
+$ sudo zypper in parted
+
+```
+
+### 怎样启动Parted
+
+下面的parted命令会自动选择 `/dev/sda` , 因为这是系统的第一个硬盘。
+```
+$ sudo parted
+GNU Parted 3.2
+Using /dev/sda
+Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
+(parted)
+
+```
+
+同时我们也可以用下面的命令来重新选择对应的的硬盘。
+```
+(parted) select /dev/sdb
+Using /dev/sdb
+(parted)
+
+```
+
+如果你想选择特定的硬盘, 用下列的格式来输入命令。 这次 ，我们将选择`/dev/sdb`.
+```
+$ sudo parted [Device Name]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb
+GNU Parted 3.2
+Using /dev/sdb
+Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
+(parted)
+
+```
+
+### 怎样用 Parted列出所有可用的硬盘
+
+如果你不知道你的电脑上有什么硬盘， 只需要运行下列命令，该命令会显示所有可用硬盘的名字， 以及其它的有用信息比如储存空间， 型号， 扇区大小，硬盘旗帜以及分区信息。
+```
+$ sudo parted -l
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sda: 32.2GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 1049kB 32.2GB 32.2GB primary ext4 boot
+
+
+Error: /dev/sdb: unrecognised disk label
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: unknown
+Disk Flags:
+
+```
+
+上面的错误信息清晰地显示出硬盘  `/dev/sdb` 没有有效的硬盘标签 (disk label) 。 它不会自动选择硬盘标签 (disk label) ，所以， 我们便要自己设置硬盘标签 (disk label) 。
+
+### 怎样用Parted创建硬盘分区
+
+Parted允许用户创建主分区或者拓展分区。 创建这两种类型的分区的步骤还是一样，但请确保你已经指定了需要的分区类型，比如 `primary` 或者`extended`。
+
+为了演示这项操作 ，我们安装了一个新的`50 GB` 的硬盘到到电脑上，挂载在`/dev/sdb`上
+
+有两种方法创建分区，第一种是更详细的方法，另一种只是一个命令。 在下面的例子中，我们将用更详细的方法添加一个主分区。提醒一下， 我们应该先设置 `硬盘标签`（disk label），因为它不会自动设置任何标签。
+
+在下面的例子中，我们将要创建一个`10 GB` 的分区 
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb
+GNU Parted 3.2
+Using /dev/sdb
+Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
+(parted) mklabel msdos
+(parted) unit GB
+(parted) mkpart
+Partition type? primary/extended? primary
+File system type? [ext2]? ext4
+Start? 0.00GB
+End? 10.00GB
+(parted) print
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 0.00GB 10.0GB 10.0GB primary ext4 lba
+
+(parted) quit
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+同时，我们也可以使用单条Parted命令
+
+在下面的例子中，我们将在硬盘上创建一个`10 GB` 的分区 
+
+```
+$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [mkpart] [Partition Type] [Filesystem Type] [Partition Start Size] [Partition End Size]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext4 10.0GB 20.0GB
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+### 怎样使用Parted用所有剩余空间创建分区
+
+你已经创建了所有要求的分区，除了`/home` ，而且你想要用硬盘上所有剩余的空间来创建`/home`分区，要怎样做？可以使用下面的命令来创建分区。
+
+下面的命令创建了一个 33.7 GB 的分区，从  `20 GB` 开始到  `53 GB`结束。 `100%` 使用率允许用户用硬盘上所有剩余的空余空间。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [mkpart] [Partition Type] [Filesystem Type] [Partition Start Size] [Partition End Size]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary ext4 20.0GB 100%
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+### 怎样用Parted列出所有的分区
+
+你也许注意到了，我们已经在上述步骤中创建了三个分区，如果你想要列出所有在硬盘上可用的分区，可以使用print命令。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 3 20.0GB 53.7GB 33.7GB primary ext4
+
+```
+
+### 怎样用mkfs格式化分区
+
+用户可以用mkfs命令格式化分区。下面的步骤会用mkfs来格式化分区。
+
+```
+$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
+mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
+Creating filesystem with 2621440 4k blocks and 656640 inodes
+Filesystem UUID: 415cf467-634c-4403-8c9f-47526bbaa381
+Superblock backups stored on blocks:
+    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
+
+Allocating group tables: done
+Writing inode tables: done
+Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
+Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
+
+```
+
+同样的。
+
+```
+$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2
+$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb3
+
+```
+
+创建必要的文件夹然后将这些分区挂载在上面。
+
+```
+$ sudo mkdir /par1 /par2 /par3
+
+$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /par1
+$ sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /par2
+$ sudo mount /dev/sdb3 /par3
+
+```
+
+运行下列命令来检查是否成功挂载上新创建的分区。
+
+```
+$ df -h /dev/sdb[1-3]
+Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
+/dev/sdb1 9.2G 37M 8.6G 1% /par1
+/dev/sdb2 9.2G 37M 8.6G 1% /par2
+/dev/sdb3 31G 49M 30G 1% /par3
+
+```
+
+### 怎样检查硬盘空闲空间
+
+运行下列命令来检查硬盘上的空闲空间，这块硬盘上有`25.7 GB`的空闲空间。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print free
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 3 20.0GB 28.0GB 8001MB primary ext4
+ 28.0GB 53.7GB 25.7GB Free Space
+
+```
+
+### 怎样使用Parted命令来重新调整分区大小
+
+Parted 允许用户重新调整分区大小。不过我已在文章的开头说了，不要缩小分区大小，不然会有许多错误。
+
+运行下列命令来检查硬盘分区以及所有可用空间。 可以看到硬盘上有`25.7GB` 的可用空间
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print free
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 32.3kB 1049kB 1016kB Free Space
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 3 20.0GB 28.0GB 8001MB primary ext4
+ 28.0GB 53.7GB 25.7GB Free Space
+
+```
+
+运行下列命令来重新调整分区大小。 我们将要重新调整（增加）分区 3的结束位置从 `28GB 到 33GB`。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [resizepart] [Partition Number] [Partition New End Size]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb resizepart 3 33.0GB
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+运行下列命令来确认分区是否已经扩容。可以看到，分区 3 已经从`8GB`增加到`13GB`。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 3 20.0GB 33.0GB 13.0GB primary ext4
+
+```
+
+重新调整文件系统大小。
+
+```
+$ sudo resize2fs /dev/sdb3
+resize2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
+Resizing the filesystem on /dev/sdb3 to 3173952 (4k) blocks.
+The filesystem on /dev/sdb3 is now 3173952 (4k) blocks long.
+
+```
+
+最后，确认分区是否已经扩容。
+
+```
+$ df -h /dev/sdb[1-3]
+Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
+/dev/sdb1 9.2G 5.1G 3.6G 59% /par1
+/dev/sdb2 9.2G 2.1G 6.6G 24% /par2
+/dev/sdb3 12G 1.1G 11G 10% /par3
+
+```
+
+### 怎样用Parted删除分区
+
+我们用rm命令方便地删除未使用的分区（如果该分区不会再被用到了）。下列步骤中，我们将会删除分区 3(`/dev/sdb3`)。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [rm] [Partition Number]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb rm 3
+Warning: Partition /dev/sdb3 is being used. Are you sure you want to continue?
+Yes/No? Yes
+Error: Partition(s) 3 on /dev/sdb have been written, but we have been unable to inform the kernel of the change, probably because it/they are in use. As a result, the old partition(s) will remain in use.
+You should reboot now before making further changes.
+Ignore/Cancel? Ignore
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+我们也可以用下列的命令检查。可以看到，分区 3 已经被成功移除。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+
+```
+
+### 怎样用Parted命令设置/更改分区旗帜
+
+我们可以用下列的命令来轻易更改分区的旗帜。 我们将对`/dev/sdb2`设置 `lvm`  旗帜。
+```
+$ sudo parted [Disk Name] [set] [Partition Number] [Flags Name] [Flag On/Off]
+
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb set 2 lvm on
+Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
+
+```
+
+我们可以列出分区来验证这次的更改。
+
+```
+$ sudo parted /dev/sdb print
+Model: ATA VBOX HARDDISK (scsi)
+Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7GB
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
+Partition Table: msdos
+Disk Flags:
+
+Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
+ 1 1049kB 10.0GB 9999MB primary ext4
+ 2 10.0GB 20.0GB 9999MB primary ext4 lvm
+
+```
+
+如果你想知道可用的旗帜, 只需要用如下的命令。
+```
+$ (parted) help set
+ set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
+
+    NUMBER is the partition number used by Linux. On MS-DOS disk labels, the primary partitions number from 1 to 4, logical partitions from 5 onwards.
+ FLAG is one of: boot, root, swap, hidden, raid, lvm, lba, hp-service, palo, prep, msftres, bios_grub, atvrecv, diag, legacy_boot, msftdata, irst, esp
+ STATE is one of: on, off
+
+```
+
+如果你想知道parted的其它可用命令， 只需要去到 `help` 页面.
+```
+$ sudo parted
+GNU Parted 3.2
+Using /dev/sda
+Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
+(parted) help
+ align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
+ help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND
+ mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table)
+ mkpart PART-TYPE [FS-TYPE] START END make a partition
+ name NUMBER NAME name partition NUMBER as NAME
+ print [devices|free|list,all|NUMBER] display the partition table, available devices, free space, all found partitions, or a particular partition
+ quit exit program
+ rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END
+ resizepart NUMBER END resize partition NUMBER
+ rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER
+ select DEVICE choose the device to edit
+ disk_set FLAG STATE change the FLAG on selected device
+ disk_toggle [FLAG] toggle the state of FLAG on selected device
+ set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER
+ toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER
+ unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT
+ version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted
+(parted) quit
+
+```
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-manage-disk-partitions-using-parted-command/
+
+作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]:https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
+[1]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
+[2]:https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
+[3]:https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
+[4]:https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
+[5]:https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
+[6]:https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/