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@ -1,76 +1,68 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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||||
[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: translator: (wxy)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-10560-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux)
|
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/)
|
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[#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/)
|
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|
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PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux
|
||||
PowerTOP：在 Linux 上监视电量使用和改善笔记本电池寿命
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
We all know, we almost 80-90% migrated from PC (Desktop) to laptop.
|
||||
我们都知道，现在几乎都从 PC 机换到了笔记本电脑了。但是使用笔记本有个问题，我们希望电池耐用，我们可以使用到每一点电量。所以，我们需要知道电量都去哪里了，是不是浪费了。
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|
||||
But one thing we want from a laptop, it’s long battery life and we want to use every drop of power.
|
||||
你可以使用 PowerTOP 工具来查看没有接入电源线时电量都用在了何处。你需要在终端中使用超级用户权限来运行 PowerTOP 工具。它可以访问该电池硬件并测量电量使用情况。
|
||||
|
||||
So it’s good to know where our power is going and getting waste.
|
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### 什么是 PowerTOP
|
||||
|
||||
You can use the powertop utility to see what’s drawing power when your system’s not plugged in.
|
||||
PowerTOP 是一个 Linux 工具，用于诊断电量消耗和电源管理的问题。
|
||||
|
||||
You need to run the powertop utility in terminal with super user privilege.
|
||||
它是由 Intel 开发的，可以在内核、用户空间和硬件中启用各种节电模式。
|
||||
|
||||
It will access the hardware and measure power usage.
|
||||
除了作为一个一个诊断工具之外，PowweTop 还有一个交互模式，可以让你实验 Linux 发行版没有启用的各种电源管理设置。
|
||||
|
||||
### What is PowerTOP
|
||||
它也能监控进程，并展示其中哪个正在使用 CPU，以及从休眠状态页将其唤醒，也可以找出电量消耗特别高的应用程序。
|
||||
|
||||
PowerTOP is a Linux tool to diagnose issues with power consumption and power management.
|
||||
### 如何安装 PowerTOP
|
||||
|
||||
It was developed by Intel to enable various power-saving modes in kernel, userspace, and hardware.
|
||||
PowerTOP 软件包在大多数发行版的软件库中可用，使用发行版的 [包管理器][1] 安装即可。
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to being a diagnostic tool, PowerTOP also has an interactive mode where the user can experiment various power management settings for cases where the Linux distribution has not enabled these settings.
|
||||
|
||||
It is possible to monitor processes and show which of them are utilizing the CPU and wake it from its Idle-States, allowing to identify applications with particular high power demands.
|
||||
|
||||
### How to Install PowerTOP
|
||||
|
||||
PowerTOP package is available in most of the distributions official repository so, use the distributions **[Package Manager][1]** to install it.
|
||||
|
||||
For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][2]** to install PowerTOP.
|
||||
对于 Fedora 系统，使用 [DNF 命令][2] 来安装 PowerTOP。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install powertop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install PowerTOP.
|
||||
对于 Debian/Ubuntu 系统，使用 [APT-GET 命令][3] 或 [APT 命令][4] 来安装 PowerTOP。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt install powertop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][5]** to install PowerTOP.
|
||||
对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，使用 [Pacman 命令][5] 来安装 PowerTOP。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo pacman -S powertop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][6]** to install PowerTOP.
|
||||
对于 RHEL/CentOS 系统，使用 [YUM 命令][6] 来安装 PowerTOP。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo yum install powertop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][7]** to install PowerTOP.
|
||||
对于 openSUSE Leap 系统，使用 [Zypper 命令][7] 来安装 PowerTOP。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo zypper install powertop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### How To Access PowerTOP
|
||||
### 如何使用 PowerTOP
|
||||
|
||||
PowerTOP requires super user privilege so, run as root to use PowerTOP utility on your Linux system.
|
||||
PowerTOP 需要超级用户权限，所以在 Linux 系统中以 root 身份运行 PowerTOP 工具。
|
||||
|
||||
By default it shows `Overview` tab where we can see the power usage consumption for all the devices. Also shows your system wakeups seconds.
|
||||
默认情况下其显示 “概览” 页，在这里我们可以看到所有设备的电量消耗情况，也可以看到系统的唤醒秒数。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo powertop
|
||||
@ -132,11 +124,11 @@ Summary: 1692.9 wakeups/second, 0.0 GPU ops/seconds, 0.0 VFS ops/sec and 54.9%
|
||||
Exit | / Navigate |
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The powertop output looks similar to the above screenshot, it will be slightly different based on your hardware. This have many screen you can switch between screen the using `Tab` and `Shift+Tab` button.
|
||||
PowerTOP 的输出类似如上截屏，在你的机器上由于硬件不同会稍有不同。它的显示有很多页，你可以使用 `Tab` 和 `Shift+Tab` 在它们之间切换。
|
||||
|
||||
### Idle Stats Tab
|
||||
### 空闲状态页
|
||||
|
||||
It displays various information about the processor.
|
||||
它会显示处理器的各种信息。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
|
||||
@ -194,9 +186,9 @@ C10 (pc10) 0.0% | | C10 39.5% 4.7 ms 41.4%
|
||||
Exit | / Navigate |
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Frequency Stats Tab
|
||||
### 频率状态页
|
||||
|
||||
It displays the frequency of CPU.
|
||||
它会显示 CPU 的主频。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
|
||||
@ -220,9 +212,9 @@ Idle | Idle | Idle
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Device Stats Tab
|
||||
### 设备状态页
|
||||
|
||||
It displays power usage information against only devices.
|
||||
它仅针对设备显示其电量使用信息。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
|
||||
@ -277,12 +269,12 @@ The power consumed was 280 J
|
||||
0.0% runtime-coretemp.0
|
||||
0.0% runtime-alarmtimer
|
||||
|
||||
Exit | / Navigate |
|
||||
Exit | / Navigate |
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Tunables Stats Tab
|
||||
### 可调整状态页
|
||||
|
||||
This tab is important area that provides suggestions to optimize your laptop battery.
|
||||
这个页面是个重要区域，可以为你的笔记本电池优化提供建议。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
|
||||
@ -340,9 +332,9 @@ PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunab
|
||||
Exit | Toggle tunable | Window refresh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### How To Generate PowerTop HTML Report
|
||||
### 如何生成 PowerTop 的 HTML 报告
|
||||
|
||||
Run the following command to generate the PowerTop HTML report.
|
||||
运行如下命令生成 PowerTop 的 HTML 报告。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo powertop --html=powertop.html
|
||||
@ -363,12 +355,13 @@ Taking 1 measurement(s) for a duration of 20 second(s) each.
|
||||
PowerTOP outputing using base filename powertop.html
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Navigate to `file:///home/daygeek/powertop.html` file to access the generated PowerTOP HTML report.
|
||||
打开 `file:///home/daygeek/powertop.html` 文件以访问生成的 PowerTOP 的 HTML 报告。
|
||||
|
||||
![][9]
|
||||
|
||||
### Auto-Tune mode
|
||||
### 自动调整模式
|
||||
|
||||
This feature sets all tunable options from `BAD` to `GOOD` which increase the laptop battery life in Linux.
|
||||
这个功能可以将所有可调整选项从 BAD 设置为 GOOD，这可以提升 Linux 中的笔记本电池寿命。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo powertop --auto-tune
|
||||
@ -393,8 +386,8 @@ via: https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,158 +0,0 @@
|
||||
The 5 Best Linux Distributions for Development
|
||||
============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Jack Wallen looks at some of the best LInux distributions for development efforts.[Creative Commons Zero][6]
|
||||
|
||||
When considering Linux, there are so many variables to take into account. What package manager do you wish to use? Do you prefer a modern or old-standard desktop interface? Is ease of use your priority? How flexible do you want your distribution? What task will the distribution serve?
|
||||
|
||||
It is that last question which should often be considered first. Is the distribution going to work as a desktop or a server? Will you be doing network or system audits? Or will you be developing? If you’ve spent much time considering Linux, you know that for every task there are several well-suited distributions. This certainly holds true for developers. Even though Linux, by design, is an ideal platform for developers, there are certain distributions that rise above the rest, to serve as great operating systems to serve developers.
|
||||
|
||||
I want to share what I consider to be some of the best distributions for your development efforts. Although each of these five distributions can be used for general purpose development (with maybe one exception), they each serve a specific purpose. You may or may not be surprised by the selections.
|
||||
|
||||
With that said, let’s get to the choices.
|
||||
|
||||
### Debian
|
||||
|
||||
The [Debian][14] distribution winds up on the top of many a Linux list. With good reason. Debian is that distribution from which so many are based. It is this reason why many developers choose Debian. When you develop a piece of software on Debian, chances are very good that package will also work on [Ubuntu][15], [Linux Mint][16], [Elementary OS][17], and a vast collection of other distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
Beyond that obvious answer, Debian also has a very large amount of applications available, by way of the default repositories (Figure 1).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 1: Available applications from the standard Debian repositories.[Used with permission][1]
|
||||
|
||||
To make matters even programmer-friendly, those applications (and their dependencies) are simple to install. Take, for instance, the build-essential package (which can be installed on any distribution derived from Debian). This package includes the likes of dkpg-dev, g++, gcc, hurd-dev, libc-dev, and make—all tools necessary for the development process. The build-essential package can be installed with the command sudo apt install build-essential.
|
||||
|
||||
There are hundreds of other developer-specific applications available from the standard repositories, tools such as:
|
||||
|
||||
* Autoconf—configure script builder
|
||||
|
||||
* Autoproject—creates a source package for a new program
|
||||
|
||||
* Bison—general purpose parser generator
|
||||
|
||||
* Bluefish—powerful GUI editor, targeted towards programmers
|
||||
|
||||
* Geany—lightweight IDE
|
||||
|
||||
* Kate—powerful text editor
|
||||
|
||||
* Eclipse—helps builders independently develop tools that integrate with other people’s tools
|
||||
|
||||
The list goes on and on.
|
||||
|
||||
Debian is also as rock-solid a distribution as you’ll find, so there’s very little concern you’ll lose precious work, by way of the desktop crashing. As a bonus, all programs included with Debian have met the [Debian Free Software Guidelines][18], which adheres to the following “social contract”:
|
||||
|
||||
* Debian will remain 100% free.
|
||||
|
||||
* We will give back to the free software community.
|
||||
|
||||
* We will not hide problems.
|
||||
|
||||
* Our priorities are our users and free software
|
||||
|
||||
* Works that do not meet our free software standards are included in a non-free archive.
|
||||
|
||||
Also, if you’re new to developing on Linux, Debian has a handy [Programming section in their user manual][19].
|
||||
|
||||
### openSUSE Tumbleweed
|
||||
|
||||
If you’re looking to develop with a cutting-edge, rolling release distribution, [openSUSE][20] offers one of the best in [Tumbleweed][21]. Not only will you be developing with the most up to date software available, you’ll be doing so with the help of openSUSE’s amazing administrator tools … of which includes YaST. If you’re not familiar with YaST (Yet another Setup Tool), it’s an incredibly powerful piece of software that allows you to manage the whole of the platform, from one convenient location. From within YaST, you can also install using RPM Groups. Open YaST, click on RPM Groups (software grouped together by purpose), and scroll down to the Development section to see the large amount of groups available for installation (Figure 2).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 2: Installing package groups in openSUSE Tumbleweed.[Creative Commons Zero][2]
|
||||
|
||||
openSUSE also allows you to quickly install all the necessary devtools with the simple click of a weblink. Head over to the [rpmdevtools install site][22] and click the link for Tumbleweed. This will automatically add the necessary repository and install rpmdevtools.
|
||||
|
||||
By developing with a rolling release distribution, you know you’re working with the most recent releases of installed software.
|
||||
|
||||
### CentOS
|
||||
|
||||
Let’s face it, [Red Hat Enterprise Linux][23] (RHEL) is the de facto standard for enterprise businesses. If you’re looking to develop for that particular platform, and you can’t afford a RHEL license, you cannot go wrong with [CentOS][24]—which is, effectively, a community version of RHEL. You will find many of the packages found on CentOS to be the same as in RHEL—so once you’re familiar with developing on one, you’ll be fine on the other.
|
||||
|
||||
If you’re serious about developing on an enterprise-grade platform, you cannot go wrong starting with CentOS. And because CentOS is a server-specific distribution, you can more easily develop for a web-centric platform. Instead of developing your work and then migrating it to a server (hosted on a different machine), you can easily have CentOS setup to serve as an ideal host for both developing and testing.
|
||||
|
||||
Looking for software to meet your development needs? You only need open up the CentOS Application Installer, where you’ll find a Developer section that includes a dedicated sub-section for Integrated Development Environments (IDEs - Figure 3).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 3: Installing a powerful IDE is simple in CentOS.[Used with permission][3]
|
||||
|
||||
CentOS also includes Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux), which makes it easier for you to test your software’s ability to integrate with the same security platform found in RHEL. SELinux can often cause headaches for poorly designed software, so having it at the ready can be a real boon for ensuring your applications work on the likes of RHEL. If you’re not sure where to start with developing on CentOS 7, you can read through the [RHEL 7 Developer Guide][25].
|
||||
|
||||
### Raspbian
|
||||
|
||||
Let’s face it, embedded systems are all the rage. One easy means of working with such systems is via the Raspberry Pi—a tiny footprint computer that has become incredibly powerful and flexible. In fact, the Raspberry Pi has become the hardware used by DIYers all over the planet. Powering those devices is the [Raspbian][26] operating system. Raspbian includes tools like [BlueJ][27], [Geany][28], [Greenfoot][29], [Sense HAT Emulator][30], [Sonic Pi][31], and [Thonny Python IDE][32], [Python][33], and [Scratch][34], so you won’t want for the necessary development software. Raspbian also includes a user-friendly desktop UI (Figure 4), to make things even easier.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 4: The Raspbian main menu, showing pre-installed developer software.[Used with permission][4]
|
||||
|
||||
For anyone looking to develop for the Raspberry Pi platform, Raspbian is a must have. If you’d like to give Raspbian a go, without the Raspberry Pi hardware, you can always install it as a VirtualBox virtual machine, by way of the ISO image found [here][35].
|
||||
|
||||
### Pop!_OS
|
||||
|
||||
Don’t let the name full you, [System76][36]’s [Pop!_OS][37] entry into the world of operating systems is serious. And although what System76 has done to this Ubuntu derivative may not be readily obvious, it is something special.
|
||||
|
||||
The goal of System76 is to create an operating system specific to the developer, maker, and computer science professional. With a newly-designed GNOME theme, Pop!_OS is beautiful (Figure 5) and as highly functional as you would expect from both the hardware maker and desktop designers.
|
||||
|
||||
### [devel_5.jpg][11]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Figure 5: The Pop!_OS Desktop.[Used with permission][5]
|
||||
|
||||
But what makes Pop!_OS special is the fact that it is being developed by a company dedicated to Linux hardware. This means, when you purchase a System76 laptop, desktop, or server, you know the operating system will work seamlessly with the hardware—on a level no other company can offer. I would predict that, with Pop!_OS, System76 will become the Apple of Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
### Time for work
|
||||
|
||||
In their own way, each of these distributions. You have a stable desktop (Debian), a cutting-edge desktop (openSUSE Tumbleweed), a server (CentOS), an embedded platform (Raspbian), and a distribution to seamless meld with hardware (Pop!_OS). With the exception of Raspbian, any one of these distributions would serve as an outstanding development platform. Get one installed and start working on your next project with confidence.
|
||||
|
||||
_Learn more about Linux through the free ["Introduction to Linux" ][13]course from The Linux Foundation and edX._
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/intro-to-linux/2018/1/5-best-linux-distributions-development
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[JACK WALLEN ][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/jlwallen
|
||||
[1]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[2]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/creative-commons-zero
|
||||
[3]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[4]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[5]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/used-permission
|
||||
[6]:https://www.linux.com/licenses/category/creative-commons-zero
|
||||
[7]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/devel1jpg
|
||||
[8]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/devel2jpg
|
||||
[9]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/devel3jpg
|
||||
[10]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/devel4jpg
|
||||
[11]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/devel5jpg
|
||||
[12]:https://www.linux.com/files/images/king-penguins1920jpg
|
||||
[13]:https://training.linuxfoundation.org/linux-courses/system-administration-training/introduction-to-linux
|
||||
[14]:https://www.debian.org/
|
||||
[15]:https://www.ubuntu.com/
|
||||
[16]:https://linuxmint.com/
|
||||
[17]:https://elementary.io/
|
||||
[18]:https://www.debian.org/social_contract
|
||||
[19]:https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch12.en.html
|
||||
[20]:https://www.opensuse.org/
|
||||
[21]:https://en.opensuse.org/Portal:Tumbleweed
|
||||
[22]:https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=devel%3Atools&package=rpmdevtools
|
||||
[23]:https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux
|
||||
[24]:https://www.centos.org/
|
||||
[25]:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/pdf/developer_guide/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux-7-Developer_Guide-en-US.pdf
|
||||
[26]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspbian/
|
||||
[27]:https://www.bluej.org/
|
||||
[28]:https://www.geany.org/
|
||||
[29]:https://www.greenfoot.org/
|
||||
[30]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/sense-hat-emulator/
|
||||
[31]:http://sonic-pi.net/
|
||||
[32]:http://thonny.org/
|
||||
[33]:https://www.python.org/
|
||||
[34]:https://scratch.mit.edu/
|
||||
[35]:http://rpf.io/x86iso
|
||||
[36]:https://system76.com/
|
||||
[37]:https://system76.com/pop
|
||||
@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (HankChow)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Will quantum computing break security?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/1/will-quantum-computing-break-security)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Mike Bursell https://opensource.com/users/mikecamel)
|
||||
|
||||
Will quantum computing break security?
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Do you want J. Random Hacker to be able to pretend they're your bank?
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Over the past few years, a new type of computer has arrived on the block: the quantum computer. It's arguably the sixth type of computer:
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Humans:** Before there were artificial computers, people used, well, people. And people with this job were called "computers."
|
||||
|
||||
2. **Mechanical analogue:** These are devices such as the [Antikythera mechanism][1], astrolabes, or slide rules.
|
||||
|
||||
3. **Mechanical digital:** In this category, I'd count anything that allowed discrete mathematics but didn't use electronics for the actual calculation: the abacus, Babbage's Difference Engine, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
4. **Electronic analogue:** Many of these were invented for military uses such as bomb sights, gun aiming, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
5. **Electronic digital:** I'm going to go out on a limb here and characterise Colossus as the first electronic digital computer1: these are basically what we use today for anything from mobile phones to supercomputers.
|
||||
|
||||
6. **Quantum computers:** These are coming and are fundamentally different from all of the previous generations.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### What is quantum computing?
|
||||
|
||||
Quantum computing uses concepts from quantum mechanics to allow very different types of calculations from what we're used to in "classical computing." I'm not even going to try to explain, because I know I'd do a terrible job, so I suggest you try something like [Wikipedia's definition][2] as a starting point. What's important for our purposes is to understand that quantum computers use qubits to do calculations, and for quite a few types of mathematical algorithms—and therefore computing operations––they can solve problems much faster than classical computers.
|
||||
|
||||
What's "much faster"? Much, much faster: orders of magnitude faster. A calculation that might take years or decades with a classical computer could, in certain circumstances, take seconds. Impressive, yes? And scary. Because one of the types of problems that quantum computers should be good at solving is decrypting encrypted messages, even without the keys.
|
||||
|
||||
This means that someone with a sufficiently powerful quantum computer should be able to read all of your current and past messages, decrypt any stored data, and maybe fake digital signatures. Is this a big thing? Yes. Do you want J. Random Hacker to be able to pretend they're your bank?2 Do you want that transaction on the blockchain where you were sold a 10 bedroom mansion in Mayfair to be "corrected" to be a bedsit in Weston-super-Mare?3
|
||||
|
||||
### Some good news
|
||||
|
||||
This is all scary stuff, but there's good news of various types.
|
||||
|
||||
The first is that, in order to make any of this work at all, you need a quantum computer with a good number of qubits operating, and this is turning out to be hard.4 The general consensus is that we've got a few years before anybody has a "big" enough quantum computer to do serious damage to classical encryption algorithms.
|
||||
|
||||
The second is that, even with a sufficient number of qubits to attacks our existing algorithms, you still need even more to allow for error correction.
|
||||
|
||||
The third is that, although there are theoretical models to show how to attack some of our existing algorithms, actually making them work is significantly harder than you or I5 might expect. In fact, some of the attacks may turn out to be infeasible or just take more years to perfect than we worry about.
|
||||
|
||||
The fourth is that there are clever people out there who are designing quantum-computation-resistant algorithms (sometimes referred to as "post-quantum algorithms") that we can use, at least for new encryption, once they've been tested and become widely available.
|
||||
|
||||
All in all, in fact, there's a strong body of expert opinion that says we shouldn't be overly worried about quantum computing breaking our encryption in the next five or even 10 years.
|
||||
|
||||
### And some bad news
|
||||
|
||||
It's not all rosy, however. Two issues stick out to me as areas of concern.
|
||||
|
||||
1. People are still designing and rolling out systems that don't consider the issue. If you're coming up with a system that is likely to be in use for 10 or more years or will be encrypting or signing data that must remain confidential or attributable over those sorts of periods, then you should be considering the possible impact of quantum computing on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
2. Some of the new, quantum-computing-resistant algorithms are proprietary. This means that when you and I want to start implementing systems that are designed to be quantum-computing resistant, we'll have to pay to do so. I'm a big proponent of open source, and particularly of [open source cryptography][3], and my big worry is that we just won't be able to open source these things, and worse, that when new protocol standards are created––either de-facto or through standards bodies––they will choose proprietary algorithms that exclude the use of open source, whether on purpose, through ignorance, or because few good alternatives are available.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### What to do?
|
||||
|
||||
Luckily, there are things you can do to address both of the issues above. The first is to think and plan when designing a system about what the impact of quantum computing might be on it. Often—very often—you won't need to implement anything explicit now (and it could be hard to, given the current state of the art), but you should at least embrace [the concept of crypto-agility][4]: designing protocols and systems so you can swap out algorithms if required.7
|
||||
|
||||
The second is a call to arms: Get involved in the open source movement and encourage everybody you know who has anything to do with cryptography to rally for open standards and for research into non-proprietary, quantum-computing-resistant algorithms. This is something that's very much on my to-do list, and an area where pressure and lobbying is just as important as the research itself.
|
||||
|
||||
1\. I think it's fair to call it the first electronic, programmable computer. I know there were earlier non-programmable ones, and that some claim ENIAC, but I don't have the space or the energy to argue the case here.
|
||||
|
||||
2\. No.
|
||||
|
||||
3\. See 2. Don't get me wrong, by the way—I grew up near Weston-super-Mare, and it's got things going for it, but it's not Mayfair.
|
||||
|
||||
4\. And if a quantum physicist says something's hard, then to my mind, it's hard.
|
||||
|
||||
5\. And I'm assuming that neither of us is a quantum physicist or mathematician.6
|
||||
|
||||
6\. I'm definitely not.
|
||||
|
||||
7\. And not just for quantum-computing reasons: There's a good chance that some of our existing classical algorithms may just fall to other, non-quantum attacks such as new mathematical approaches.
|
||||
|
||||
This article was originally published on [Alice, Eve, and Bob][5] and is reprinted with the author's permission.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/will-quantum-computing-break-security
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Mike Bursell][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/mikecamel
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism
|
||||
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing
|
||||
[3]: https://opensource.com/article/17/10/many-eyes
|
||||
[4]: https://aliceevebob.com/2017/04/04/disbelieving-the-many-eyes-hypothesis/
|
||||
[5]: https://aliceevebob.com/2019/01/08/will-quantum-computing-break-security/
|
||||
@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (An-DJ )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to Change User Password in Ubuntu [Beginner’s Tutorial])
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/change-password-ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
|
||||
|
||||
How to Change User Password in Ubuntu [Beginner’s Tutorial]
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
**Want to change root password in Ubuntu? Learn how to change the password for any user in Ubuntu Linux. Both terminal and GUI methods have been discussed.**
|
||||
|
||||
When do you need to change the password in Ubuntu? Let me give you a couple of scenarios.
|
||||
|
||||
When you install [Ubuntu][1], you create a user and set a password for it. It could be a weak password or perhaps a bit too complicated and you want to change it.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a sysadmin, you may need to change the password for other users on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
You may have a few other reasons for doing this. Now the question comes, how to change the password for a user in Ubuntu or Linux?
|
||||
|
||||
In this quick tutorial, I’ll show you the command line and the GUI ways of changing passwords in Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
### Change user password in Ubuntu [Command Line]
|
||||
|
||||
![How to change user password in Ubuntu Linux][2]
|
||||
|
||||
Changing user password in Ubuntu is dead simple. In fact, it’s the same with any Linu distribution because you use the generic Linux command called passwd for this purpose.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to change your current password, simply run this command in a terminal:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll be asked to enter your current password and the new password twice.
|
||||
|
||||
You won’t see anything on the screen while typing the password. This is perfectly normal behavior for UNIX and Linux.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
|
||||
Changing password for abhishek.
|
||||
|
||||
(current) UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
Enter new UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
Retype new UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
passwd: password updated successfully
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Since this is your admin account, you just changed the sudo password in Ubuntu without even realizing it.
|
||||
|
||||
![Change user password in Linux command line][3]
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to change password for some other user, you can do that as well with the passwd command. But in this case, you’ll have to use sudo.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo passwd <user_name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you changed your password and forgot it later, don’t worry. You can [easily reset Ubuntu password][4].
|
||||
|
||||
### Change root password in Ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
By default, the root user in Ubuntu doesn’t have a password. Don’t be surprised. You don’t use the root user in Ubuntu all the time. Confused? Let me explain it to you quickly.
|
||||
|
||||
While [installing Ubuntu][5], you are forced to create a user. This user has admin access. This admin user can gain root access using the sudo command. But it uses its own password, not the root account’s password (because there is none).
|
||||
|
||||
You can set or change root password using the **passwd** command. However, in most cases, you don’t need it and you shouldn’t be doing it.
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll have to use sudo (with an account with admin privileges). If the root password has no password set up previously, it will ask you to set it up. Else, you can change it using the existing root password.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo password root
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Change Ubuntu password using GUI
|
||||
|
||||
I have used GNOME desktop with Ubuntu 18.04 here. The steps should be more or less the same for other desktop environments and Ubuntu versions.
|
||||
|
||||
Go to Menu (press Windows/Super key) and search for Settings.
|
||||
|
||||
In the Settings, scroll down a bit and go to Details.
|
||||
|
||||
![Go to details in Ubuntu GNOME settings][6]
|
||||
|
||||
In here, click on Users to access all the available users on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
![Users settings in Ubuntu][7]
|
||||
|
||||
You can select any user you want, including your main admin account. You need to unlock the users first and then click the password field.
|
||||
|
||||
![Changing user password in Ubuntu][8]
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll be asked to set the password. If you are changing your own password, you’ll have to enter your current password as well.
|
||||
|
||||
![Changing user password in Ubuntu][9]
|
||||
|
||||
Once done, click on the Change button on the top. That’s it. You have successfully changed user password in Ubuntu.
|
||||
|
||||
I hope this quick little tip helped you to change user password in Ubuntu. If you have questions or suggestions, please leave a comment below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/change-password-ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.ubuntu.com/
|
||||
[2]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-password-ubuntu-linux.png?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-linux-1.jpg?resize=800%2C253&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/how-to-hack-ubuntu-password/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/install-ubuntu-1404-dual-boot-mode-windows-8-81-uefi/
|
||||
[6]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-2.jpg?resize=800%2C484&ssl=1
|
||||
[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-3.jpg?resize=800%2C488&ssl=1
|
||||
[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-4.jpg?resize=800%2C555&ssl=1
|
||||
[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-1.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-password-ubuntu-linux.png?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: translator: (MjSeven)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (HankChow)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Will quantum computing break security?)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/1/will-quantum-computing-break-security)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Mike Bursell https://opensource.com/users/mikecamel)
|
||||
|
||||
量子计算会打破现有的安全体系吗？
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
> 你会希望黑客冒充成你的银行吗？
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
近年来，量子计算机已经出现在大众的视野当中。量子计算机被认为是第六类计算机，这六类计算机包括：
|
||||
|
||||
1. **人力：** 在人造的计算工具出现之前，人类只能使用人力去进行计算。而承担计算工作的人，只能被称为“计算者”。
|
||||
|
||||
2. **模拟计算工具：** 由人类制造的一些模拟计算过程的小工具，例如<ruby>[安提凯希拉装置][1]<rt>Antikythera mechanism</rt></ruby>、星盘、计算尺等等。
|
||||
|
||||
3. **机械工具：** 在这一个类别中包括了运用到离散数学但未使用电子技术进行计算的工具，例如算盘、Charles Babbage 的<ruby>差分机<rt>Difference Engine</rt></ruby>等等。
|
||||
|
||||
4. **电子模拟计算工具：** 这一个类别的计算机多数用于军事方面的用途，例如炸弹瞄准器、枪炮瞄准装置等等。
|
||||
|
||||
5. **电子计算机：** 这个类别包含的种类就太多了，几乎包含现代所有的电子设备，从移动电话到超级计算机，都在这个类别当中。
|
||||
|
||||
6. **量子计算机：** 即将进入我们的生活，而且与之前的几类完全不同。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 什么是量子计算？
|
||||
|
||||
量子计算的概念来源于量子力学，因此使用的计算方式和我们平常使用的普通计算并不相同。如果想要深入理解，建议从参考[维基百科上的定义][2]开始。对我们来说，最重要的是理解这一点：量子计算机使用<ruby>量子位<rt>qubit</rt></ruby>进行计算。在这样的前提下，对于很多数学算法和运算操作，量子计算机的计算速度会比普通计算机要快得多。
|
||||
|
||||
这里的“快得多”是按数量级来说的“快得多”。在某些情况下，一个计算任务如果由普通计算机来执行，可能要耗费几年或者几十年才能完成，但如果由量子计算机来执行，就只需要几秒钟。这样的速度甚至令人感到可怕。因为量子计算机会非常擅长信息的加密解密计算，即使在没有密钥的情况下，也能快速完成繁重的计算任务。
|
||||
|
||||
这意味着，如果拥有足够强大的量子计算机，那么你的所有信息都会被一览无遗，任何被加密的数据都可以被正确解密出来，甚至伪造数字签名也会成为可能。这确实是一个严重的问题。毕竟谁也不想被黑客冒充成自己在用的银行，更不希望自己在区块链上的交易被篡改得面目全非。
|
||||
|
||||
### 好消息
|
||||
|
||||
尽管上面的提到的问题非常可怕，但也不需要太担心。
|
||||
|
||||
首先，如果要实现上面提到的能力，一台可以操作大量量子位的量子计算机是必不可少的，而这个硬件上的要求就是一个很高的门槛。目前普遍认为，规模大得足以有效破解经典加密算法的量子计算机在最近几年还不可能出现。
|
||||
|
||||
其次，除了攻击现有的加密算法需要大量的量子位以外，还需要很多量子位来保证容错性。
|
||||
|
||||
还有，尽管确实有一些理论上的模型阐述了量子计算机如何对一些现有的算法作出攻击，但是要让这样的理论模型实际运作起来的难度会比我们想象中大得多。事实上，有一些攻击手段也是未被完全确认是可行的，又或者这些攻击手段还需要继续耗费很多年的改进才能到达如斯恐怖的程度。
|
||||
|
||||
最后，还有很多专业人士正在研究能够防御量子计算的算法（这样的算法也被称为“<ruby>后量子算法<rt>post-quantum algorithms</rt></ruby>”）。如果这些防御算法经过测试以后投入使用，我们就可以使用这些算法进行加密，来对抗量子计算了。
|
||||
|
||||
总而言之，很多专家都认为，我们现有的加密方式在未来 5 年甚至未来 10 年内都是安全的，不需要过分担心。
|
||||
|
||||
### 也有坏消息
|
||||
|
||||
但我们也并不是高枕无忧了，以下两个问题就值得我们关注：
|
||||
|
||||
1. 人们在设计应用系统的时候仍然没有对量子计算作出太多的考量。如果设计的系统可能会使用 10 年以上，又或者数据存储和加密的时间跨度在 10 年以上，那么就必须考虑量子计算在未来会不会对系统造成不利的影响。
|
||||
|
||||
2. 新出现的防御量子计算的算法可能会是专有的。也就是说，如果基于这些防御量子计算的算法来设计系统，那么在系统落地的时候，可能会需要为此付费。尽管我是支持开源的，尤其是[开源密码学][3]，但我最担心的就是这方面的内容无法被开源。而且，在建立新的协议标准时，无论是故意的，无意的，还是别无选择，都很可能不会使用开源的专有算法。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 我们要怎样做？
|
||||
|
||||
幸运的是，针对上述两个问题，我们还是有应对措施的。首先，在整个系统的设计阶段，就需要考虑到它是否会受到量子计算的影响，并作出相应的规划。当然了，不需要现在就立即采取行动，因为当前的技术水平也没法实现有效的方案，但至少也要[在加密方面保持敏捷性][4]，以便在任何需要的时候为你的协议和系统更换更有效的加密算法。
|
||||
|
||||
其次是参与开源运动。尽可能鼓励密码学方面的有识之士团结起来，支持开放标准，并投入对非专有的防御量子计算的算法研究当中去。这一点也算是当务之急，因为号召更多的人重视起来并加入研究，比研究本身更为重要。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
本文首发于《[Alice, Eve, and Bob][5]》，并在作者同意下重新发表。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/1/will-quantum-computing-break-security
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Mike Bursell][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[HankChow](https://github.com/HankChow)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/mikecamel
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism
|
||||
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing
|
||||
[3]: https://opensource.com/article/17/10/many-eyes
|
||||
[4]: https://aliceevebob.com/2017/04/04/disbelieving-the-many-eyes-hypothesis/
|
||||
[5]: https://aliceevebob.com/2019/01/08/will-quantum-computing-break-security/
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (An-DJ)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to Change User Password in Ubuntu [Beginner’s Tutorial])
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/change-password-ubuntu)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu下如何修改用户密码 [新手教程]
|
||||
======
|
||||
**想要在Ubuntu下修改root用户的密码？那我们来学习下如何在Ubuntu Linux下修改任意用户的密码。我们会讨论在终端下修改和在图形界面(GUI)修改两种做法**
|
||||
|
||||
那么，在Ubuntu下什么时候会需要修改密码呢？这里我给出如下两种场景。
|
||||
|
||||
当你刚安装[Ubuntu][1]系统时，你会创建一个用户并且为之设置一个密码。这个初始密码可能安全性较弱或者太过于复杂，你会想要对它做出修改。
|
||||
|
||||
如果你是系统管理员，你可能需要去修改在你管理的系统内其他用户的密码。
|
||||
|
||||
当然，你可能会有其他的一些原因做这样的一件事。不过现在问题来了，我们到底如何在Ubuntu或Linux系统下修改单个用户的密码呢？
|
||||
|
||||
在这个快速教程中，我将会展示给你在Ubuntu中如何使用命令行和图形界面(GUI)两种方式修改密码。
|
||||
|
||||
### 在Ubuntu中修改用户密码[通过命令行]
|
||||
|
||||
![如何在Ubuntu Linux下修改用户密码][2]
|
||||
|
||||
在Ubuntu下修改用户密码其实非常简单。事实上，在任何Linux发行版上修改的方式都是一样的，因为你要使用的是叫做 passwd 的普通Linux命令来达到此目的。
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要修改你的当前密码，只需要简单地在终端执行此命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
系统会要求你输入当前密码和两次新的密码。
|
||||
|
||||
在键入密码时，你不会从屏幕上看到任何东西。这在UNIX和Linux系统中是非常正常的表现。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
passwd
|
||||
|
||||
Changing password for abhishek.
|
||||
|
||||
(current) UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
Enter new UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
Retype new UNIX password:
|
||||
|
||||
passwd: password updated successfully
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
由于这是你的管理员账户，你刚刚修改了Ubuntu下sudo的密码，但你甚至没有意识到这个操作。
|
||||
|
||||
![在Linux命令行中修改用户密码][3]
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要修改其他用户的密码，你也可以使用passwd命令来做。但是在这种情况下，你将不得不使用sudo。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo passwd <user_name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你对密码已经做出了修改，不过之后忘记了，不要担心。你可以[很容易地在Ubuntu下重置密码][4].
|
||||
|
||||
### 修改Ubuntu下root用户密码
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，Ubuntu中root用户是没有密码的。不必惊讶，你并不是在Ubuntu下一直使用root用户。不太懂？让我快速地给你解释下。
|
||||
|
||||
当[安装Ubuntu][5]时，你会被强制创建一个用户。这个用户拥有管理员访问权限。这个管理员用户可以通过sudo命令获得root访问权限。但是，该用户使用的是自身的密码，而不是root账户的密码（因为就没有）。
|
||||
|
||||
你可以使用**passwd**命令来设置或修改root用户的密码。然而，在大多数情况下，你并不需要它，而且你不应该去做这样的事。
|
||||
|
||||
你将不得不使用sudo命令（对于拥有管理员权限的账户）。如果root用户的密码之前没有被设置，它会要求你设置。另外，你可以使用已有的root密码对它进行修改。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo password root
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 在Ubuntu下使用图形界面（GUI）修改密码
|
||||
|
||||
我这里使用的是GNOME桌面环境，Ubuntu版本为18.04。这些步骤对于其他桌面环境和Ubuntu版本应该差别不大。
|
||||
|
||||
打开菜单（按下Windows/Super键）并搜索Settings。
|
||||
|
||||
在Settings中，向下滚动一段距离打开进入Details。
|
||||
|
||||
![在Ubuntu GNOME Settings中进入Details][6]
|
||||
|
||||
在这里，点击Users获取系统下可见的所有用户。
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu下用户设置][7]
|
||||
|
||||
你可以选择任一你想要的用户，包括你的主要管理员账户。你需要先解锁用户并点击密码（password）区域。
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu下修改用户密码][8]
|
||||
|
||||
你会被要求设置密码。如果你正在修改的是你自己的密码，你将必须也输入当前使用的密码。
|
||||
|
||||
![Ubuntu下修改用户密码][9]
|
||||
|
||||
做好这些后，点击上面的Change按钮，这样就完成了。你已经成功地在Ubuntu下修改了用户密码。
|
||||
|
||||
我希望这篇快速精简的小教程能够帮助你在Ubuntu下修改用户密码。如果你对此还有一些问题或建议，请在下方留下评论。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/change-password-ubuntu
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[An-DJ](https://github.com/An-DJ)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.ubuntu.com/
|
||||
[2]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-password-ubuntu-linux.png?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-linux-1.jpg?resize=800%2C253&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://itsfoss.com/how-to-hack-ubuntu-password/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/install-ubuntu-1404-dual-boot-mode-windows-8-81-uefi/
|
||||
[6]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-2.jpg?resize=800%2C484&ssl=1
|
||||
[7]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-3.jpg?resize=800%2C488&ssl=1
|
||||
[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-4.jpg?resize=800%2C555&ssl=1
|
||||
[9]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-user-password-ubuntu-gui-1.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/change-password-ubuntu-linux.png?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user