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[Translated]20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to view threads of a process on Linux.md

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Translating by GOLinux！
Linux FAQs with Answers--How to view threads of a process on Linux
================================================================================
> **Question**: My program creates and executes multiple threads in it. How can I monitor individual threads of the program once they are created? I would like to see the details (e.g., CPU/memory usage) of individual threads with their names.
Threads are a popular programming abstraction for parallel execution on modern operating systems. When threads are forked inside a program for multiple flows of execution, these threads share certain resources (e.g., memory address space, open files) among themselves to minimize forking overhead and avoid expensive IPC (inter-process communication) channel. These properties make threads an efficient mechanism for concurrent execution.
In Linux, threads (also called Lightweight Processes (LWP)) created within a program will have the same "thread group ID" as the program's PID. Each thread will then have its own thread ID (TID). To the Linux kernel's scheduler, threads are nothing more than standard processes which happen to share certain resources. Classic command-line tools such as ps or top, which display process-level information by default, can be instructed to display thread-level information.
Here are several ways to **show threads for a process on Linux**.
### Method One: PS ###
In ps command, "-T" option enables thread views. The following command list all threads created by a process with <pid>.
$ ps -T -p <pid>
![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7749/17350561110_94cacfc456_c.jpg)
The "SID" column represents thread IDs, and "CMD" column shows thread names.
### Method Two: Top ###
The top command can show a real-time view of individual threads. To enable thread views in the top output, invoke top with "-H" option. This will list all Linux threads. You can also toggle on or off thread view mode while top is running, by pressing 'H' key.
$ top -H
![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8824/17350561070_3dfe447974_c.jpg)
To restrict the top output to a particular process <pid> and check all threads running inside the process:
$ top -H -p <pid>
![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7797/17538002751_c8a3d574d8_c.jpg)
### Method Three: Htop ###
A more user-friendly way to view threads per process is via htop, an ncurses-based interactive process viewer. This program allows you to monitor individual threads in tree views.
To enable thread views in htop, launch htop, and press <F2> to enter htop setup menu. Choose "Display option" under "Setup" column, and toggle on "Three view" and "Show custom thread names" options. Presss <F10> to exit the setup.
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5338/17350364568_59bce22e7b_b.jpg)
Now you will see the follow threaded view of individual processes.
![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8885/17350560930_98952d5350_c.jpg)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/view-threads-process-linux.html
作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni

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Linux有问必答——Linux上如何查看某个进程的线程
================================================================================
> **问题**： 我的程序创建并在它里头执行了多个线程，我怎样才能在该程序创建线程后监控其中单个线程？我想要看到带有它们名称的单个线程详细情况（如，CPU/内存使用率）。
线程是现代操作系统上进行并行执行的一个流行的编程方面的抽象概念。当一个程序内有多个线程被叉分出用以执行多个流时，这些线程就会在它们之间共享特定的资源（如，内存地址空间、打开的文件），以使叉分开销最小化，并避免大量花销IPC（进程间通信）频道。这些功能让线程在并发执行时成为一个高效的机制。
在Linux中，程序中创建的线程（也称为轻量级进程，LWP）会具有和程序的PID相同的“线程组ID”。然后，各个线程会获得其自身的线程ID（TID）。对于Linux内核调度器而言，线程不过是恰好共享特定资源的标准的进程。经典的命令行工具，如ps或top，都可以用来显示线程级别的信息，默认情况下它们会显示进程级别的信息。
这里提供了**在Linux上显示某个进程的线程**的几种方式。
### 方法一：PS ###
在ps命令中，“-T”选项可以开启线程查看。下面的命令列出了由进程号为<pid>的进程创建的所有线程。
$ ps -T -p <pid>
![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7749/17350561110_94cacfc456_c.jpg)
“SID”栏表示线程ID，而“CMD”栏则显示了线程名称。
### 方法二： Top ###
top命令可以实时显示各个线程情况。要在top输出中开启线程查看，请调用top命令的“-H”选项，该选项会列出所有Linux线程。在top运行时，你也可以通过按“H”键将线程查看模式切换为开或关。
$ top -H
![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8824/17350561070_3dfe447974_c.jpg)
要让top输出某个特定进程<pid>并检查该进程内运行的线程状况：
$ top -H -p <pid>
![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7797/17538002751_c8a3d574d8_c.jpg)
### 方法三： Htop ###
一个对用户更加友好的方式是，通过htop查看单个进程的线程，它是一个基于ncurses的交互进程查看器。该程序允许你在树状视图中监控单个独立线程。
要在htop中启用线程查看，请开启htop，然后按<F2>来进入htop的设置菜单。选择“设置”栏下面的“显示选项”，然后开启“树状视图”和“显示自定义线程名”选项。按<F10>退出设置。
![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5338/17350364568_59bce22e7b_b.jpg)
现在，你就会看到下面这样单个进程的线程视图。
![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8885/17350560930_98952d5350_c.jpg)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/view-threads-process-linux.html
作者：[Dan Nanni][a]
译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/author/nanni