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How to find your IP address in Linux
======
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/satellite_radio_location.jpg?itok=KJUKSB6x)
Internet Protocol (IP) needs no introduction—we all use it daily. Even if you don't use it directly, when you type website-name.com on your web browser, it looks up the IP address of that URL and then loads the website.
Let's divide IP addresses into two categories: private and public. Private IP addresses are the ones your WiFi box (and company intranet) provide. They are in the range of 10.x.x.x, 172.16.x.x-172.31.x.x, and 192.168.x.x, where x=0 to 255. Public IP addresses, as the name suggests, are "public" and you can reach them from anywhere in the world. Every website has a unique IP address that can be reached by anyone and from anywhere; that is considered a public IP address.
Furthermore, there are two types of IP addresses: IPv4 and IPv6.
IPv4 addresses have the format x.x.x.x, where x=0 to 255. There are 2^32 (approximately 4 billion) possible IPv4 addresses.
IPv6 addresses have a more complex format using hex numbers. The total number of bits is 128, which means there are 2^128—340 undecillion!—possible IPv6 addresses. IPv6 was introduced to tackle the foreseeable exhaustion of IPv4 addresses in the near future.
As a network engineer, I recommend not sharing your machine’s public IP address with anyone. Your WiFi router has a public IP, which is the WAN (wide-area network) IP address, and it will be the same for any device connected to that WiFi. All the devices connected to the same WiFi have private IP addresses locally identified by the range provided above. For example, my laptop is connected with the IP address 192.168.0.5, and my phone is connected with 192.168.0.8. These are private IP addresses, but both would have the same public IP address.
The following commands will get you the IP address list to find public IP addresses for your machine:
1. `ifconfig.me`
2. `curl -4/-6 icanhazip.com`
3. `curl ipinfo.io/ip`
4. `curl api.ipify.org`
5. `curl checkip.dyndns.org`
6. `dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com`
7. `host myip.opendns.com resolver1.opendns.com`
8. `curl ident.me`
9. `curl bot.whatismyipaddress.com`
10. `curl ipecho.net/plain`
The following commands will get you the private IP address of your interfaces:
1. `ifconfig -a`
2. `ip addr (ip a)`
3. `hostname -I | awk ‘{print $1}’`
4. `ip route get 1.2.3.4 | awk '{print $7}'`
5. `(Fedora) Wifi-Settings→ click the setting icon next to the Wifi name that you are connected to → Ipv4 and Ipv6 both can be seen`
6. `nmcli -p device show`
_Note: Some utilities need to be installed on your system based on the Linux distro you are using. Also, some of the noted commands use a third-party website to get the IP_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/5/how-find-ip-address-linux
作者：[Archit Modi][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/architmodi

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如何在 Linux 中找到你的 IP 地址
======
![](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/satellite_radio_location.jpg?itok=KJUKSB6x)
互联网协议（IP）不需要介绍 - 我们每天都在使用它。即使你不直接使用它，当你在浏览器上输入 website-name.com 时，它会查找该 URL 的 IP 地址，然后加载该网站。
我们将 IP 地址分为两类：私有和公共。私有 IP 地址是你的无线路由（和公司内网）提供的私有 IP 地址。它们的范围是 10.xxx、172.16.xx-172.31.xx 和 192.168.xx，其中 x=0 到 255。公有 IP 地址，顾名思义，是“公共”的，你可以在世界上任何地方访问它。每个网站都有一个唯一的 IP 地址，任何人可在任何地点访问，这可被视为公共 IP 地址。
此外，还有两种类型的 IP 地址：IPv4 和 IPv6。
IPv4 地址格式为 x.x.x.x，其中 x=0 到 255。有 2^32（大约 40 亿个）可能的 IPv4 地址。
IPv6 地址使用更复杂的十六进制。总的比特数是 128，这意味着有 2^128-340 后面有 36 个零！ - 可能的 IPv6 地址。IPv6 已经被引入解决了可预见的 IPv4 地址耗尽问题。
作为网络工程师，我建议不要与任何人共享你机器的公有 IP 地址。你的 WiFi 路由器有公共 IP，即 WAN（广域网）IP 地址，并且连接到该 WiFi 的任何设备都是相同的。连接到相同 WiFi 的所有设备都有上面所说的私有 IP 地址。例如，我的笔记本电脑的 IP 地址 192.168.0.5，而我的电话是 192.168.0.8。这些是私有 IP 地址，但两者都有相同的公有 IP 地址。
以下命令将列出IP地址列表，以查找你计算机的公有 IP 地址：
1. `ifconfig.me`
2. `curl -4/-6 icanhazip.com`
3. `curl ipinfo.io/ip`
4. `curl api.ipify.org`
5. `curl checkip.dyndns.org`
6. `dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com`
7. `host myip.opendns.com resolver1.opendns.com`
8. `curl ident.me`
9. `curl bot.whatismyipaddress.com`
10. `curl ipecho.net/plain`
以下命令将为你提供接口的私有 IP 地址：
1. `ifconfig -a`
2. `ip addr (ip a)`
3. `hostname -I | awk ‘{print $1}’`
4. `ip route get 1.2.3.4 | awk '{print $7}'`
5. `(Fedora) Wifi-Settings→ click the setting icon next to the Wifi name that you are connected to → Ipv4 and Ipv6 both can be seen`
6. `nmcli -p device show`
_注意：一些工具需要根据你正在使用的 Linux 发行版安装在你的系统上。另外，一些提到的命令使用第三方网站来获取 IP_
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/5/how-find-ip-address-linux
作者：[Archit Modi][a]
选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/architmodi