diff --git a/sources/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md b/sources/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md deleted file mode 100644 index dc69620ad6..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,260 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: "How to Install Docker on Ubuntu" -[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/install-docker-ubuntu/" -[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/" -[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1700446145" -[#]: translator: "geekpi" -[#]: reviewer: " " -[#]: publisher: " " -[#]: url: " " - -How to Install Docker on Ubuntu -====== - -Using Docker means opening a new realm of computing but if you are just getting started with Docker, the installation may seem a huge task. - -There are two recommended ways of installing Docker on Ubuntu: - - * **Installing Docker from Ubuntu's repository** : Easy, single line command but gives a little old version - * **Using Docker's official repository:** Slightly more work but gives the most recent stable release - - - -And I will be discussing both of them in this tutorial. - -### Method 1: Install Docker using Ubuntu's repository - -If you don't care about having a little older version and don't want to get into setting and managing repositories, then this is the best method for you. - -Start with updating the repository index: - -``` - - sudo apt update - -``` - -Now, you can use the following command to install Docker as well as [Docker Compose][1] in Ubuntu: - -``` - - sudo apt install docker.io docker-compose - -``` - -📋 - -The Docker package is named docker.io because there existed a transitional package named docker (for docklet applications) even before Docker came into existence. For this reason, the Docker package had to be named something else. - -Once you are done with the installation, you can check the installed version using the following command: - -``` - - docker -v - -``` - -![][2] - -As you can see, it gave me Docker version 24.0.5. - -### Method 2: Install the latest stable version of Docker in Ubuntu - -If you want the most recent stable version of Docker, then you can install Docker from their official repository. - -#### Step 1: Remove any existing Docker packages - -But before you jump to the installation part, it is necessary to remove any old installation of Docker. - -To [uninstall the old Docker installation][3], use the following command. - -``` - - sudo apt remove docker.io docker-doc docker-compose docker-compose-v2 podman-docker containerd runc - -``` - -#### Step 2: Install dependencies - -The first step is to install some essential packages which will be used to install Docker later in this tutorial: - -``` - - sudo apt install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release - -``` - -You may already have some or all of these packages installed but no harm in ensuring that. The above command won't harm you. - -#### Step 3: Add GPG key of Docker repository and add it to sources.list - -Now, create a directory with special permissions suitable for storing cryptographic keyrings by the apt package manager for package verification: - -``` - - sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings - -``` - -Next, [use the curl command][4] as shown below to download and import GPG keyring for Docker: - -``` - - curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg - -``` - -After downloading the GPG keyring, [change the file permissions using the chmod command][5] so every user on the system can read the GPG keyring: - -``` - - sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg - -``` - -Finally, add the Docker repository to the `sources.list.d` file: - -``` - - echo \ - "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ - $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \ - sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null - -``` - -That's it! - -#### Step 4: Installing Docker and Docker Compose - -Now, to take effect from the changes you've made to the system, update the system repository: - -``` - - sudo apt update - -``` - -Grab the latest version of Docker along with other Docker components and dependencies using the following command: - -``` - - sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin - -``` - -📋 - -While the docker.io package installs most of the necessary Docker components, you'll need to do it individually here. - -To check the installed version, use the following command: - -``` - - docker -v - -``` - -![][6] - -Another great way to test the installation is to use the Hello World image in Docker. - -Lemme show you how to do it. - -### Use a hello-world image to verify the Docker installation - -Running a Hello World program is a standard practice that we all follow to kick-start any programming journey and the same goes for Docker. - -Docker provides you with a Hello World image that you can use to test the installation. - -To install and run the Hello World image, simply use the following: - -``` - - sudo docker run hello-world - -``` - -![][7] - -Some users may get an error while executing the above command saying "Cannot connect to the Docker daemon": - -![][8] - -In that case, **reboot your system** and try again to install the Docker Hello World image and it'll work just fine. - -### 💡Bonus Tip: Use docker without sudo in Ubuntu - -If you noticed, I used sudo to pull the docker image which is not the most convenient way to use the Docker. - -If you try to use Docker without sudo, it will give you an error: - -![][9] - -Well, in this section, I will show you how you can use Docker without sudo. - -📋 - -To perform the shown steps, superuser privileges are a must! - -The first step is to [create a new group][10] named `Docker` using the following: - -``` - - sudo groupadd docker - -``` - -Once done, add the user to the Docker group using the following: - -``` - - sudo usermod -aG docker - -``` - -🚧 - -Make sure you only mention the user who has super-user privileges. - -Now, log out and log back in to take effect from the changes. But if you are using a VM then reboot is a must. - -That's it! From now on, you can use the docker commands without sudo like I did to run the Docker Hello World image: - -![][11] - -There you go. - -### Here's what to do after installing Docker - -If you are just getting started, then refer to the [list of essential Docker commands][12] that every user must know: - -![][13] - -I hope you will find this helpful. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://itsfoss.com/install-docker-ubuntu/ - -作者：[Sagar Sharma][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/docker-compose-quick-start/ -[2]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Check-the-installed-version-of-docker-in-Ubuntu.png -[3]: https://learnubuntu.com/uninstall-docker/ -[4]: https://learnubuntu.com/install-curl/ -[5]: https://learnubuntu.com/chmod-command/ -[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Install-the-latest-version-of-Docker-in-Ubuntu-using-Docker-s-official-repository.png -[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Run-hello-world-docker-image-in-Ubuntu.png -[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Docker-error.png -[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Docker-sudo-error-in-Ubuntu.png -[10]: https://learnubuntu.com/add-group/ -[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-docker-without-sudo-in-Ubuntu.png -[12]: https://linuxhandbook.com/essential-docker-commands/ -[13]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png diff --git a/translated/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md b/translated/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..69c1d353d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20231204 How to Install Docker on Ubuntu.md @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@ +[#]: subject: "How to Install Docker on Ubuntu" +[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/install-docker-ubuntu/" +[#]: author: "Sagar Sharma https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/" +[#]: collector: "lujun9972/lctt-scripts-1700446145" +[#]: translator: "geekpi" +[#]: reviewer: " " +[#]: publisher: " " +[#]: url: " " + +如何在 Ubuntu 上安装 Docker +====== + +使用 Docker 意味着开启一个新的计算领域，但如果你刚刚开始使用 Docker，安装可能看起来是一项艰巨的任务。 + +在 Ubuntu 上安装 Docker 有两种推荐的方法： + + * **从 Ubuntu 的仓库安装 Docker** ：简单的单行命令，但提供旧版本 + * **使用 Docker 的官方仓库**：工作量稍多，但提供了最新的稳定版本 + + + +我将在本教程中讨论它们。 + +### 方法 1：使用 Ubuntu 的仓库安装 Docker + +如果你不关心旧版本，并且不想设置和管理仓库，那么这是最适合你的方法。 + +从更新仓库索引开始： + +```` + + sudo apt update + +```` + +现在，你可以使用以下命令在 Ubuntu 中安装 Docker 以及 [Docker Compose][1]： + +```` + + sudo apt install docker.io docker-compose + +```` + +📋 + +Docker 包被命名为 docker.io，因为甚至在 Docker 出现之前就已经存在一个名为 docker（用于 Dockerlet 应用）的过渡包。因此，Docker 包必须被命名为其他名称。 + +安装完成后，你可以使用以下命令检查安装的版本： + +```` + + docker -v + +```` + +![][2] + +如你所见，它给了我 Docker 24.0.5。 + +### 方法 2：在 Ubuntu 中安装最新稳定版本的 Docker + +如果你想要 Docker 的最新稳定版本，那么你可以从其官方仓库安装 Docker。 + +#### 步骤 1：删除任何现有的 Docker 包 + +但在跳到安装部分之前，有必要删除所有以前安装的 Docker。 + +要[卸载以前的 Docker][3]，请使用以下命令。 + +```` + + sudo apt remove docker.io docker-doc docker-compose docker-compose-v2 podman-docker containerd runc + +```` + +#### 步骤 2：安装依赖项 + +第一步是安装一些必要的软件包，这些软件包将用于在本教程后面安装 Docker： + +```` + + sudo apt install ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release + +```` + +你可能已经安装了部分或全部这些软件包，但确认安装没有什么坏处。上面的命令不会伤害你。 + +#### 步骤 3：添加 Docker 仓库的 GPG 密钥并将其添加到 sources.list + +现在，通过 apt 包管理器创建一个具有特殊权限的目录，用于存储加密密钥以进行包验证： + +```` + + sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings + +```` + +接下来，如下所示[使用 curl 命令][4]下载并导入 Docker 的 GPG 密钥环： + +``` + + curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg + +``` + +下载 GPG 密钥后，[使用 chmod 命令更改文件权限][5]，以便系统上的每个用户都可以读取 GPG 密钥： + +```` + + sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg + +```` + +最后，将 Docker 仓库添加到 `sources.list.d` 文件中： + +``` + + echo \ + "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ + $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \ + sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null + +``` + +就是这样！ + +#### 步骤 4：安装 Docker 和 Docker Compose + +现在，要使你对系统所做的更改生效，请更新系统仓库： + +```` + + sudo apt update + +```` + +使用以下命令获取最新版本的 Docker 以及其他 Docker 组件和依赖项： + +```` + + sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin + +```` + +📋 + +虽然 docker.io 包安装了大部分必需的 Docker 组件，但你需要在此处单独进行安装。 + +要检查已安装的版本，请使用以下命令： + +```` + + docker -v + +```` + +![][6] + +测试安装的另一个方法是在 Docker 中使用 Hello World 镜像。 + +让我告诉你如何做。 + +### 使用 hello-world 镜像来验证 Docker 安装 + +运行 Hello World 程序是我们启动任何编程之旅时都遵循的标准做法，Docker 也是如此。 + +Docker 为你提供了一个 Hello World 镜像，你可以使用它来测试安装。 + +要安装并运行 Hello World 映像，只需使用以下命令： + +```` + + sudo docker run hello-world + +```` + +![][7] + +某些用户在执行上述命令时可能会收到错误消息“无法连接到 Docker 守护进程”： + +![][8] + +在这种情况下，**重新启动系统**并再次尝试安装 Docker Hello World 镜像，它将正常工作。 + +### 💡额外提示：在 Ubuntu 中使用 docker 而无需 sudo + +如果你注意到了，我使用 sudo 来拉取 docker 镜像，这并不是使用 Docker 最方便的方式。 + +如果你尝试在不使用 sudo 的情况下使用 Docker，则会出现错误： + +![][9] + +好吧，在本节中，我将向你展示如何在没有 sudo 的情况下使用 Docker。 + +📋 + +要执行所示步骤，必须具有超级用户权限！ + +第一步是使用以下命令[创建一个名为 `Docker` 的新组][10]： + +```` + + sudo groupadd docker + +```` + +完成后，使用以下命令将用户添加到 Docker 组： + +```` + + sudo usermod -aG docker <用户名> + +```` + +🚧 + +确保你只添加具有超级用户权限的用户。 + +现在，注销并重新登录以使更改生效。但如果你使用的是虚拟机，那么必须重新启动。 + +就是这样！从现在开始，你可以使用 docker 命令而不需要 sudo，就像我运行 Docker Hello World 镜像一样： + +![][11] + +就这样吧。 + +### 这是安装 Docker 后要做的事情 + +如果你刚刚开始，请参阅每个用户都必须了解的[基本 Docker 命令列表][12]： + +![][13] + +我希望你觉得会有帮助。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://itsfoss.com/install-docker-ubuntu/ + +作者：[Sagar Sharma][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sagar/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://linuxhandbook.com/docker-compose-quick-start/ +[2]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Check-the-installed-version-of-docker-in-Ubuntu.png +[3]: https://learnubuntu.com/uninstall-docker/ +[4]: https://learnubuntu.com/install-curl/ +[5]: https://learnubuntu.com/chmod-command/ +[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Install-the-latest-version-of-Docker-in-Ubuntu-using-Docker-s-official-repository.png +[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Run-hello-world-docker-image-in-Ubuntu.png +[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Docker-error.png +[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Docker-sudo-error-in-Ubuntu.png +[10]: https://learnubuntu.com/add-group/ +[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/12/Use-docker-without-sudo-in-Ubuntu.png +[12]: https://linuxhandbook.com/essential-docker-commands/ +[13]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/size/w256h256/2021/08/Linux-Handbook-New-Logo.png