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geekpi
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translating---geekpi
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Try Raspberry Pi's PIXEL OS on your PC
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============================================================
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Image credits :
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Raspberry Pi Foundation, CC BY-SA
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Over the last four years, the Raspberry Pi Foundation has put a great deal of effort into optimizing Raspbian, its port of Debian, for Pi hardware, including creating new educational software, programming tools, and a nicer looking desktop.
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In September, we released an update that introduced PIXEL (Pi Improved Xwindows Environment, Lightweight), the Pi's new desktop environment. Just before Christmas, we released a version of the OS that runs on x86 PCs, so now you can install it on your PC, Mac, or laptop.
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Of course, like many well-supported Linux distros, the OS runs really well on old hardware. Raspbian is a great way to breathe new life into that old Windows machine that you gave up on years ago.
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The [PIXEL ISO][13] is available for download from the Raspberry Pi website, and a bootable live DVD was given away on the front of "[The MagPi][14]" magazine.
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We released Raspberry Pi's OS for PCs to remove the barrier to entry for people looking to learn computing.This release is even cheaper than buying a Raspberry Pi because it is free and you can use it on your existing computer. PIXEL is the Linux desktop we've always wanted, and we want it to be available to everyone.
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### Powered by Debian
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Raspbian, or the x86 PIXEL distro, wouldn't be possible without its construction on top of Debian. Debian has a huge bank of amazing free and open source software, programs, games, and other tools from an apt repository. On the Raspberry Pi, you're limited to packages that are compiled to run on [ARM][15] chips. However, on the PC image, you have a much wider scope for which packages will run on your machine, because Intel chips found in PCs have much greater support.
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### What PIXEL contains
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Both Raspbian with PIXEL and Debian with PIXEL come bundled with a whole host of software. Raspbian comes with:
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* Programming environments for Python, Java, Scratch, Sonic Pi, Mathematica*, Node-RED, and the Sense HAT emulator
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* The LibreOffice office suite
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* Chromium (including Flash) and Epiphany web browsers
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* Minecraft: Pi edition (including a Python API)*
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* Various tools and utilities
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*The only programs from this list not included in the x86 version are Mathematica and Minecraft, due to licensing limitations.
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### Create a PIXEL live disk
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You can download the PIXEL ISO and write it to a blank DVD or a USB stick. Then you can boot your PC from the disk, and you'll see the PIXEL desktop in no time. You can browse the web, open a programming environment, or use the office suite, all without installing anything on your computer. When you're done, just take out the DVD or USB drive, shut down your computer, and when you power up your computer again, it'll boot back up into your usual OS as before.
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### Run PIXEL in a virtual machine
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One way of trying out PIXEL is to install it in a virtual machine using a tool like VirtualBox.
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This allows you to try out the image without installing it, or you can just run it in a window alongside your main OS, and get access to the software and tools in PIXEL. It also means your session will persist, rather than starting from scratch every time you reboot, as you would with a live disk.
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### Install PIXEL on your PC
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If you're really ready to commit, you can wipe your old operating system and install PIXEL on your hard drive. This might be a good idea if you're wanting to make use of an old unused laptop.
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### PIXEL in education
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Many schools use Windows on all their PCs, and have strict controls over what software can be installed on them. This makes it difficult for teachers to use the software tools and IDE (integrated development environment) necessary to teach programming skills. Even online-based programming initiatives like Scratch 2 can be blocked by overcautious network filters. In some cases, installing something like Python is simply not possible. The Raspberry Pi hardware addresses this by providing a small, cheap computer that boots from an SD card packed with educational software, which students can connect up to the monitor, mouse, and keyboard of an existing PC.
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However, a PIXEL live disc allows teachers to boot into a system loaded with ready-to-use programming languages and tools, all of which do not require installation permissions. At the end of the lesson, they can shut down safely, bringing the computers back to their original state. This is also a handy solution for Code Clubs, CoderDojos, youth clubs, Raspberry Jams, and more.
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### Remote GPIO
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One of the features that sets the Raspberry Pi apart from traditional desktop PCs is the presence of GPIO pins (General Purpose Input/Output) pins, which allow you to connect electronic components and add-on boards to devices in the real world, opening up new worlds, such as hobby projects, home automation, connected devices, and the Internet of Things.
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One wonderful feature of the [GPIO Zero][16] Python library is the ability to control the GPIO pins of a Raspberry Pi over the network with some simple code written on your PC.
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<twitterwidget class="twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered" id="twitter-widget-0" data-tweet-id="811511740907261952" style="position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
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customisable-border" data-scribe="component:card" dir="ltr">[][11][
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][8][
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][9][
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][10]</article>
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> [ Follow][1][
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> 
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> Ben Nuttall @ben_nuttall][5]
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>
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> PC running x86 PIXEL controlling Pi's GPIO over the network using gpiozero
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>
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> [<time class="dt-updated" datetime="2016-12-21T10:00:50+0000" pubdate="" title="Time posted: 21 Dec 2016, 10:00:50 (UTC)">6:00 PM - 21 Dec 2016</time>][6] · [East, England][7]
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>
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> * [][2]
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>
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> * [ 3636 Retweets][3]
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>
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> * [ 109109 likes][4]
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</twitterwidget>
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Remote GPIO is possible from one Raspberry Pi to another or from any PC running any OS, but, of course, with PIXEL x86 you have everything you need pre-installed and it works out of the box. See Josh's [blog post][17] and refer to my [gist][18] for more information.
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### Further guidance
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[Issue #53 of The MagPi][19] features some great guides for trying out and installing PIXEL, including using the live disc with a persistence drive to maintain your files and applications. You can buy a copy, or download the PDF for free. Check it out to read more.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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译者简介：
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Ben Nuttall - Ben Nuttall is the Raspberry Pi Community Manager. In addition to his work for the Raspberry Pi Foundation, he's into free software, maths, kayaking, GitHub, Adventure Time, and Futurama. Follow Ben on Twitter @ben_nuttall.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc
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作者：[Ben Nuttall][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://opensource.com/users/bennuttall
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[1]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall
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[2]:https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?in_reply_to=811511740907261952
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[3]:https://twitter.com/intent/retweet?tweet_id=811511740907261952
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[4]:https://twitter.com/intent/like?tweet_id=811511740907261952
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[5]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall
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[6]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952
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[7]:https://twitter.com/search?q=place%3A3bc1b6cfd27ef7f6
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[8]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[9]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[10]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[11]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[12]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc?rate=iqVrGV3EhwRuqh68sf6Zye6Y7VSpXRCUQoZV3sg-QJM
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[13]:http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/pixel_x86/images/pixel_x86-2016-12-13/
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[14]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/issues/53/
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[15]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_Holdings
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[16]:http://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/
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[17]:http://www.allaboutcode.co.uk/single-post/2016/12/21/GPIOZero-Remote-GPIO-with-PIXEL-x86
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[18]:https://gist.github.com/bennuttall/572789b0aa5fc2e7c05c7ada1bdc813e
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[19]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/issues/53/
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[20]:https://opensource.com/user/26767/feed
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[21]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc#comments
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[22]:https://opensource.com/users/bennuttall
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@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
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在 PC 上尝试树莓派的 PIXEL OS
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============================================================
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图片版权：
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树莓派基金会， CC BY-SA
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在过去四年中，树莓派基金会非常努力地针对树莓派的硬件优化了 Debian 的移植版 Raspbian，包括创建新的教育软件、编程工具和更美观的桌面。
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在 9 月份，我们发布了一个更新，介绍了树莓派新的桌面环境 PIXAME（Pi Improved Xwindows Environment，轻量级）。在圣诞节之前，我们发布了一个在 x86 PC 上运行的操作系统版本，所以现在可以将它安装在PC、Mac 或笔记本电脑上。
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当然，像许多支持良好的 Linux 发行版一样，操作系统在旧的硬件上也能正常运行。 Raspbian 可以让你放弃的旧的 Windows 机器并呼吸新生活的好方法。
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[PIXEL ISO][13]可从树莓派网站上下载，在 “[MagPi][14]” 杂志前也放入了可启动的 Live DVD。
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为了消除想要学习计算机的人们的入门障碍，我们发布了树莓派的个人电脑操作系统。它比购买一块树莓派更便宜，因为它是免费的，你可以在现有的计算机上使用它。PIXEL 是我们一直想要的 Linux 桌面，我们希望它可供所有人使用。
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### 由 Debian 提供支持
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不构建在 Debian 之上的话，Raspbian 或 x86 PIXEL 发行版都不会存在。 Debian 拥有庞大的可以从一个 apt 仓库中获得的免费开源软件、程序、游戏和其他工具。在树莓派中，你仅限运行为[ARM][15]芯片编译的软件包。然而，在 PC 镜像中，你可以在机器上运行的软件包的范围更广，因为 PC 中的 Intel 芯片有更多的支持。
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### PIXEL 包含什么
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带有 PIXEL 的 Raspbian 和带有 PIXEL 的 Debian 都捆绑了大量的软件。Raspbian 自带：
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* Python、Java、Scratch、Sonic Pi、Mathematica*、Node-RED 和 Sense HAT 仿真器的编程环境
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* LibreOffice 办公套件
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* Chromium（包含 Flash）和 Epiphany 网络浏览器
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* Minecraft：树莓派版（包括 Python API）*
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* 各种工具和实用程序
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*由于许可限制，本列表中唯一没有包含在 x86 版本中的程序是 Mathematica 和 Minecraft。
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### 创建一个 PIXEL Live 盘
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你可以下载 PIXEL ISO 并将其写入空白 DVD 或 USB 记忆棒中。 然后，你就可以从盘中启动你的电脑，这样你可以立刻看到 PIXEL 桌面。你可以浏览网页、打开编程环境或使用办公套件，而无需在计算机上安装任何内容。完成后，只需拿出 DVD 或 USB 驱动器，关闭计算机，再次重新启动计算机时，将会像以前一样重新启动到你平常的操作系统。
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### 在虚拟机中运行 PIXEL
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一种尝试 PIXEL 的方法是在像 VirtualBox 的虚拟机中安装它。
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这允许你尝试镜像而不用安装它，也可以在主操作系统一旁的窗口中运行它，并访问 PIXEL 中的软件和工具。这也意味着你的会话会一直存在，而不是每次重新启动时从头开始，就像使用 Live 盘一样。
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### 在 PC 中安装 PIXEL
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如果你真的准备开始，你可以擦除旧的操作系统并将 PIXEL 安装在硬盘上。如果你想使用旧的没有使用的笔记本电脑，这可能是个好主意。
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### 用于教育的 PIXEL
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许多学校在所有电脑上使用 Windows，并且对它们可以安装的软件进行严格的控制。这使得教师难以使用必要的软件工具和 IDE（集成开发环境）来教授编程技能。即使在线编程计划（如 Scratch 2）也可能被过于谨慎的网络过滤器阻止。在某些情况下，安装像 Python 这样的东西根本是不可能的。树莓派硬件通过提供包含教育软件的 SD 卡引导的小型廉价计算机来解决这个问题，学生可以连接到现有 PC 的显示器、鼠标和键盘上。
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然而，PIXEL Live 光盘允许教师引导到装有能立即使用的编程语言和工具的系统中，所有这些都不需要安装权限。在课程结束时，他们可以安全关闭，使计算机恢复原状。这也是 Code Clubs、CoderDojos、青年俱乐部、Raspberry Jams 等等的一个方便的解决方案。
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### 远程 GPIO
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树莓派与传统台式 PC 区别的功能之一是 GPIO 引脚（通用输入/输出）引脚的存在，它允许你将现实世界中的电子元件和附加板连接设备上，这开放 新的世界，如业余项目、家庭自动化、连接的设备和物联网。
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[GPIO Zero][16] Python 库的一个很棒的功能是通过在 PC 上写入一些简单的代码，然后在网络上控制树莓派的 GPIO 引脚。
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<twitterwidget class="twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered" id="twitter-widget-0" data-tweet-id="811511740907261952" style="position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
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<article class="MediaCard
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customisable-border" data-scribe="component:card" dir="ltr">[][11][
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][8][
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][9][
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][10]</article>
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> [ Follow][1][
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> 
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> Ben Nuttall @ben_nuttall][5]
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>
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> PC running x86 PIXEL controlling Pi's GPIO over the network using gpiozero
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>
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> [<time class="dt-updated" datetime="2016-12-21T10:00:50+0000" pubdate="" title="Time posted: 21 Dec 2016, 10:00:50 (UTC)">6:00 PM - 21 Dec 2016</time>][6] · [East, England][7]
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>
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> * [][2]
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>
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> * [ 3636 Retweets][3]
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>
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> * [ 109109 likes][4]
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</twitterwidget>
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远程 GPIO 可以从一台树莓派到另一台树莓派，或者从运行任何系统的 OS 的 PC 连接到树莓派上，但是，使用 PIXEL x86 的话所有需要的软件都是开箱即用的。参见 Josh 的[博文][17]，并参考我的 [gist][18] 了解更多信息。
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### 更多指南
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[MagPi 的第 53 期][19]提供了一些试用和安装 PIXEL 的指南，包括使用带持久驱动的 Live 光盘来维护你的文件和应用程序。你可以购买一份，或免费下载 PDF 来了解更多。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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译者简介：
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Ben Nuttall - Ben Nuttall 是一名树莓派社区管理员。他除了为树莓派基金会工作外，他还对自由软件、数学、皮划艇、GitHub、Adventure Time 和 Futurama 等感兴趣。在 Twitter @ben_nuttall 上关注 Ben。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc
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作者：[Ben Nuttall][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://opensource.com/users/bennuttall
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[1]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall
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[2]:https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?in_reply_to=811511740907261952
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[3]:https://twitter.com/intent/retweet?tweet_id=811511740907261952
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||||
[4]:https://twitter.com/intent/like?tweet_id=811511740907261952
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[5]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall
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[6]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952
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[7]:https://twitter.com/search?q=place%3A3bc1b6cfd27ef7f6
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[8]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[9]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[10]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[11]:https://twitter.com/ben_nuttall/status/811511740907261952/photo/1
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[12]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc?rate=iqVrGV3EhwRuqh68sf6Zye6Y7VSpXRCUQoZV3sg-QJM
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[13]:http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/pixel_x86/images/pixel_x86-2016-12-13/
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[14]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/issues/53/
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[15]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_Holdings
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[16]:http://gpiozero.readthedocs.io/
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[17]:http://www.allaboutcode.co.uk/single-post/2016/12/21/GPIOZero-Remote-GPIO-with-PIXEL-x86
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[18]:https://gist.github.com/bennuttall/572789b0aa5fc2e7c05c7ada1bdc813e
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[19]:https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/issues/53/
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[20]:https://opensource.com/user/26767/feed
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[21]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/try-raspberry-pis-pixel-os-your-pc#comments
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[22]:https://opensource.com/users/bennuttall
|
||||
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