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[Translated by OneNewLife]20161019 How to Install Git and Setup Git Account in RHEL.md
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OneNewLife translating.
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How to Install Git and Setup Git Account in RHEL, CentOS and Fedora
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=========
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For newbies, Git is a free and open source, fast and distributed version control system (VCS), which by design is based on speed, efficient performance and data integrity to support small-scale to extensive software development projects.
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Git is a software repository that allows you to keep a track of your software changes, revert to previous version and create another versions of files and directories.
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Git is written in C, with a mix of Perl and a variety of shell scripts, it’s primarily intended to run on the Linux kernel and has a number of remarkable features as listed below:
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1. Easy to learn
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2. It is fast and most of its operations are carried out locally, in addition, this offers it a tremendous speed on centralized systems that need to communicate with remote servers.
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3. Highly efficient
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4. Supports data integrity checks
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5. Enables cheap local branching
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6. Offers a convenient staging area
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7. It also maintains multiple work-flows together with many others
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In this how-to guide, we shall move through the necessary steps of installing Git on CentOS/RHEL 7/6 and Fedora 20-24 Linux distributions along with how to configure Git so that you can start participating right away..
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### Install Git Using Yum
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We shall install Git from the system default repositories, and make sure that your system is up-to-date with the latest version of packages by running the [YUM package manager][8] update command below:
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```
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# yum update
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```
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Next, install Git by typing the following command:
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```
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# yum install git
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```
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After git successfully installed, you can issue the following command to display the version of Git installed:
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```
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# git --version
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```
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[][7]
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Check Git Installed Version
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Important: Installing Git from default repositories will give you older version. If you looking to have a most recent version of Git, consider compiling from source using following instructions.
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### Install Git from Source
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Before you begin, first you need to install required software dependencies from the default repositories, along with the utilities that needed to build a binary from source:
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```
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# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
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# yum install gettext-devel openssl-devel perl-CPAN perl-devel zlib-devel
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```
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After you have installed required software dependencies, go to the official [Git release page][6] and grab the latest version and compile it from source using following series of command:
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```
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# wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.10.1.tar.gz -O git.tar.gz
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# tar -zxf git.tar.gz
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# cd git-2.10.1/
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# make configure
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
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# make install
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# git --version
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```
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[][5]
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Check Installed Git Version
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**Suggested Read:** [11 Best Git Clients and Git Repository Viewers for Linux][4]
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### Set Up Git Account in Linux
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In this section, we shall cover how to set up a Git account with correct user information such as name and email address to avoid any commit errors, and the `git config` command is used to do that.
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Important: Make sure to replace username with the actual name for the Git user to be created and used on your system.
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You can start by creating a Git user with the [useradd command][3] as below, where the `-m` flag used to create the user’s home directory under `/home` and `-s` specifies the user’s default shell.
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```
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# useradd -m -s /bin/bash username
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# passwd username
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```
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Now, add the new user to the wheel group to enable the account to use the `sudo` command:
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```
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# usermod username -aG wheel
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```
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[][2]
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Create Git User Account
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Then configure Git with the new user as follows:
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```
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# su username
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$ sudo git config --global user.name "Your Name"
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$ sudo git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
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```
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Now verify Git configuration using following command.
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```
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$ sudo git config --list
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```
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If there are no errors with the configurations, you should be able to view an output with the following details:
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```
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user.name=username
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user.email= username@some-domian.com
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```
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[][1]
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>Setup Git Account in Linux
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##### Conclusion
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In this simple tutorial, we have looked at how to install Git on your Linux system as well as configuring it. I believe the instructions are easy to follow, however, to get in touch with us for any questions or suggestions you can make use of the reaction section below.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-git-centos-fedora-redhat/
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作者：[Aaron Kili ][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Setup-Git-Account.png
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Create-Git-User-Account.png
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/add-users-in-linux/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/best-gui-git-clients-git-repository-viewers-for-linux/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Check-Git-Source-Version.png
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[6]:https://github.com/git/git/releases
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Check-Git-Version.png
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/20-linux-yum-yellowdog-updater-modified-commands-for-package-mangement/
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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
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OneNewLife translated
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怎样在 RHEL，CentOS 和 Fedora 上安装 Git 并设置 Git 账号
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=========
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对于新手来说，Git 是一个免费、开源、高效的分布式版本控制系统（VCS），它是为了给广泛的小规模软件开发项目提供速度、高性能以及数据一致性而设计的。
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Git 是一个软件仓库，它可以让你追踪你的软件改动，回滚到之前的版本以及创建新版本的目录和文件。
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Git 主要是用 C 语言来写的，当中还混入了 Perl 和各种各样的 shell 脚本。它主要在 Linux 内核上运行，并且有以下列举的卓越的性能：
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1. 容易上手
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2. 运行速度飞快且大部分操作在本地进行，因此，它为需要与远程服务器通信的集中式系统提供了巨大的速度。
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3. 高性能
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4. 提供数据一致性检查
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5. 启用低开销的本地分支
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6. 提供非常便利的暂存区
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7. 可以集成其它工具来维持大量工作流
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在这篇操作指南中，我们将介绍在 CentOS/RHEL 7/6 和 Fedora 20-24 Linux 发行版上安装 Git 的必要步骤以及怎么配置 Git，以便于你可以快速开始参与工作。
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### 使用 Yum 安装 Git
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我们应该从系统默认的仓库安装 Git，并通过运行以下 [YUM 包管理器][8] 的更新命令来确保你系统的软件包都是最新的：
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```
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# yum update
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```
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接着，通过以下命令来安装 Git：
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```
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# yum install git
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```
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在 Git 成功安装之后，你可以通过以下命令来显示 Git 安装的版本：
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```
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# git --version
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```
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[][7]
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检查 Git 安装的版本
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注意：从系统默认仓库安装的 Git 会是比较旧的版本。如果你想拥有最新版的 Git，请考虑使用以下说明来编译源代码进行安装。
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### 从源代码安装 Git
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开始之前，你首先需要从系统默认仓库安装所需的软件依赖包，以及从源代码构建二进制文件所需的实用工具：
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```
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# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
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# yum install gettext-devel openssl-devel perl-CPAN perl-devel zlib-devel
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```
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安装所需的软件依赖包之后，转到官方的 [Git 发布页面][6]，抓取最新版的 Git 并使用下列命令编译它的源代码：
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```
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# wget https://github.com/git/git/archive/v2.10.1.tar.gz -O git.tar.gz
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# tar -zxf git.tar.gz
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# cd git-2.10.1/
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# make configure
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# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
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# make install
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# git --version
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```
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[][5]
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检查 Git 的安装版本
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**推荐阅读:** [Linux 下 11 个最好用的 Git 客户端和 Git 仓库查看器][4]
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### 在 Linux 设置 Git 账户
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在这个环节中，我们将介绍如何使用正确的用户信息（如：姓名、邮件地址）和 `git config` 命令来设置 Git 账户，以避免出现提交错误。
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注意：确保将用户名替换为在你的系统上创建和使用的 Git 用户的真实名称。
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你可以使用下面的 [useradd 命令][3] 创建一个 Git 用户，其中 `-m` 选项用于在 `/home` 目录下创建用户主目录，`-s` 选项用于指定用户默认的 shell。
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```
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# useradd -m -s /bin/bash username
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# passwd username
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```
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现在，将新用户添加到 `wheel` 用户组以启用其使用 `sudo` 命令的权限：
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```
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# usermod username -aG wheel
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```
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[][2]
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创建 Git 用户账号
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然后通过以下命令使用新用户配置 Git：
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```
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# su username
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$ sudo git config --global user.name "Your Name"
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$ sudo git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
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```
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现在通过下面的命令校验 Git 的配置。
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```
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$ sudo git config --list
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```
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如果配置没有错误的话，你应该能够查看具有以下详细信息的输出：
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```
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user.name=username
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user.email= username@some-domian.com
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```
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[][1]
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>在 Linux 设置 Git 用户
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##### 总结
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在这个简单的教程中，我们已经了解怎么在你的 Linux 系统上安装 Git 以及配置它。我相信你应该可以驾轻就熟。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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编译自: http://www.tecmint.com/install-git-centos-fedora-redhat/
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作者：[Aaron Kili ][a]
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译者：[OneNewLife](https://github.com/OneNewLife)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/aaronkili/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Setup-Git-Account.png
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Create-Git-User-Account.png
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/add-users-in-linux/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/best-gui-git-clients-git-repository-viewers-for-linux/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Check-Git-Source-Version.png
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[6]:https://github.com/git/git/releases
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Check-Git-Version.png
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/20-linux-yum-yellowdog-updater-modified-commands-for-package-mangement/
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