mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
geekpi
GitHub
commit
afdebd98f3
@ -1,29 +1,27 @@
|
||||
translating----geekpi
|
||||
|
||||
How to find and tar files into a tar ball
|
||||
如何找出并打包文件成 tar 包
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
I would like to find all documents file *.doc and create a tarball of those files and store in /nfs/backups/docs/file.tar. Is it possible to find and tar files on a Linux or Unix-like system?
|
||||
我想找出所有的 \*.doc 文件并将它们创建成一个 tar 包，然后存储在 /nfs/backups/docs/file.tar 中。是否可以在 Linux 或者类 Unix 系统上查找并 tar 打包文件？
|
||||
|
||||
The find command used to search for files in a directory hierarchy as per given criteria. The tar command is an archiving utility for Linux and Unix-like system to create tarballs.
|
||||
find 命令用于按照给定条件在目录层次结构中搜索文件。tar 命令是用于 Linux 和类 Unix 系统创建 tar 包的归档工具。
|
||||
|
||||
[![How to find and tar files on linux unix][1]][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Let us see how to combine tar command with find command to create a tarball in a single command line option.
|
||||
让我们看看如何将 tar 命令与 find 命令结合在一个命令行中创建一个 tar 包。
|
||||
|
||||
## Find command
|
||||
## Find 命令
|
||||
|
||||
The syntax is:
|
||||
语法是：
|
||||
```
|
||||
find /path/to/search -name "file-to-search" -options
|
||||
## find all Perl (*.pl) files ##
|
||||
## 找出所有 Perl（*.pl）文件 ##
|
||||
find $HOME -name "*.pl" -print
|
||||
## find all *.doc files ##
|
||||
## 找出所有 \*.doc 文件 ##
|
||||
find $HOME -name "*.doc" -print
|
||||
## find all *.sh (shell scripts) and run ls -l command on it ##
|
||||
## 找出所有 *.sh（shell 脚本）并运行 ls -l 命令 ##
|
||||
find . -iname "*.sh" -exec ls -l {} +
|
||||
```
|
||||
Sample outputs from the last command:
|
||||
最后一个命令的输出示例：
|
||||
```
|
||||
-rw-r--r-- 1 vivek vivek 1169 Apr 4 2017 ./backups/ansible/cluster/nginx.build.sh
|
||||
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 1500 Dec 6 14:36 ./bin/cloudflare.pure.url.sh
|
||||
@ -47,53 +45,53 @@ lrwxrwxrwx 1 vivek vivek 14 Dec 31 2013 ./bin/tipsuploadimage.sh -> uploadimage.
|
||||
-rwxr-xr-x 1 vivek vivek 215 Nov 6 14:33 ./.vim/plugged/neomake/tests/helpers/trap.sh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Tar command
|
||||
## Tar 命令
|
||||
|
||||
To [create a tar ball of /home/vivek/projects directory][2], run:
|
||||
要[创建 /home/vivek/projects 目录的 tar 包][2]，运行：
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ tar -cvf /home/vivek/projects.tar /home/vivek/projects
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Combining find and tar commands
|
||||
## 结合 find 和 tar 命令
|
||||
|
||||
The syntax is:
|
||||
语法是：
|
||||
```
|
||||
find /dir/to/search/ -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf out.tar {} \;
|
||||
```
|
||||
OR
|
||||
或者
|
||||
```
|
||||
find /dir/to/search/ -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf out.tar {} +
|
||||
```
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
例子：
|
||||
```
|
||||
find $HOME -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf /tmp/all-doc-files.tar "{}" \;
|
||||
```
|
||||
OR
|
||||
或者
|
||||
```
|
||||
find $HOME -name "*.doc" -exec tar -rvf /tmp/all-doc-files.tar "{}" +
|
||||
```
|
||||
Where, find command options:
|
||||
这里，find 命令的选项：
|
||||
|
||||
* **-name "*.doc"** : Find file as per given pattern/criteria. In this case find all *.doc files in $HOME.
|
||||
* **-exec tar ...** : Execute tar command on all files found by the find command.
|
||||
* **-name "*.doc"** : 按照给定的模式/标准查找文件。在这里，在 $HOME 中查找所有 \*.doc 文件。
|
||||
* **-exec tar ...** : 对 find 命令找到的所有文件执行 tar 命令。
|
||||
|
||||
Where, tar command options:
|
||||
这里，tar 命令的选项：
|
||||
|
||||
* **-r** : Append files to the end of an archive. Arguments have the same meaning as for -c option.
|
||||
* **-v** : Verbose output.
|
||||
* **-f** : out.tar : Append all files to out.tar file.
|
||||
* **-r** : 将文件追加到归档末尾。参数与 -c 选项具有相同的含义。
|
||||
* **-v** : 详细输出。
|
||||
* **-f** : out.tar : 将所有文件追加到 out.tar 中。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
It is also possible to pipe output of the find command to the tar command as follows:
|
||||
也可以像下面这样将 find 命令的输出通过管道输入到 tar 命令中：
|
||||
```
|
||||
find $HOME -name "*.doc" -print0 | tar -cvf /tmp/file.tar --null -T -
|
||||
```
|
||||
The -print0 option passed to the find command deals with special file names. The -null and -T - option tells the tar command to read its input from stdin/pipe. It is also possible to use the xargs command:
|
||||
传递给 find 命令的 -print0 选项处理特殊的文件名。-null 和 -T 选项告诉 tar 命令从标准输入/管道读取输入。也可以使用 xargs 命令：
|
||||
```
|
||||
find $HOME -type f -name "*.sh" | xargs tar cfvz /nfs/x230/my-shell-scripts.tgz
|
||||
```
|
||||
See the following man pages for more info:
|
||||
有关更多信息，请参阅下面的 man 页面：
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ man tar
|
||||
$ man find
|
||||
@ -105,14 +103,14 @@ $ man bash
|
||||
|
||||
作者简介：
|
||||
|
||||
The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on Twitter, Facebook, Google+.
|
||||
作者是 nixCraft 的创造者，是一名经验丰富的系统管理员，也是 Linux 操作系统/Unix shell 脚本培训师。他曾与全球客户以及 IT、教育、国防和太空研究以及非营利部门等多个行业合作。在 Twitter、Facebook 和 Google+ 上关注他。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-find-tar-files-into-tarball-command/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Vivek Gite][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user