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tech\20210917 Open source game achievements.md
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[#]: subject: "Open source game achievements"
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[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/open-source-game-achievements/"
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[#]: author: "Dennis Payne https://fedoramagazine.org/author/dulsi/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "toknow-gh"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Open source game achievements
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======
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![][1]
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Photo by [Michał Parzuchowski][2] on [Unsplash][3]
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Learn how Gamerzilla brings an achievement system to open source games and enables all developers to implement achievements separate from the game platform.
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Some open source games rival the quality of commercial games. While it is hard to match the quality of triple-a games, open source games compete effectively against the indie games. But, gamer expectations change over time. Early games included a high score. Achievements expanded over time to promote replay. For example, you may have completed a level but you didn’t find all the secrets or collect all the coins. The Xbox 360 introduced the first multi-game online achievement system. Since that introduction, many game platforms added an achievement system.
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Open source games are largely left out of the achievement systems. You can publish an open source game on Steam, but it costs money and they focus on working with companies not the free software community. Additionally, this locks players into a non-free platform.
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Commercial game developers are not well served either, since some players enjoy achievements and refuse to purchase from other stores due to the inability to share their accomplishments. This lock-in gives the power to the platform holder. Each platform has a different system forcing the developer to implement support and testing multiple times. Smaller platform are likely to be skipped entirely. Furthermore, the platform holder has access to the achievement data on all companies using their system which could be used for competitive advantage.
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### Architecture of Gamerzilla
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[Gamerzilla][4] is an open source game achievement system which attempts to correct this situation. The design considered both open source and commercial games. You can run your own Gamerzilla server, use one provided by a game store, or even distributions, or other groups could run them. Where you buy the game doesn’t matter. The achievement data uploads to your Gamerzilla server.
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Game achievements require two things, a game, and a Gamerzilla server. As game collections grow, however, that setup has a disadvantage. Each game needs to have credentials to upload to the Gamerzilla server. Many gamers turn to game launchers due to their large number of games and ability to synchronize with one or more stores. By adding Gamerzilla support to the launcher, the individual games no longer need to know your credentials. Session results will relay from the game launcher to the Gamerzilla server.
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At one time, freegamedev.net provided the Hubzilla social networking system. We created an addon allowing us to jump start Gamerzilla development. Unfortunately server upgrades broke the service so freegamedev.net stopped offering it.
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For Gamerzilla servers, two implementations exist. Maintaining Hubzilla is a complex task, so we developed a standalone Gamerzilla service using *.*Net and React. The API used by games remains the same so it doesn’t matter which implementation you connect to.
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Game launchers development and support often lags. To facilitate adding support, we created libgamerzilla. The library handles all the interaction between the game launcher, games, and the Gamerzilla server. Right now only _GameHub_ has an implementation with Gamerzilla support and merging into the project is pending. On Fedora Linux, libgamerzilla-server package serves as a temporary solution. It does not launch games but listens for achievements and relays them to your server.
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Game support continues growing. As with game launchers, developers use libgamerzilla to handle the Gamerzilla integration. The library, written in C, is in use in a variety of languages like Python and nim. Games which already have an achievement system typically take only a few days to add support. For other games ,collecting all the information to award the achievements occupies the bulk of the implementation time.
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### Setting up a server
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The easiest server to setup is the Hubzilla addon. That, however, requires a working Hubzilla site which is not the simplest thing to setup. The new .Net and React server can be setup relatively easily on Fedora Linux, although there are a lot of steps. The [readme][5] details all the steps. The long set of steps is, in part, due to the lack of a built release. This means you need to build the .Net and the React code. Once built, React code serves up directly in Apache. A new service runs the .Net piece. Apache proxies all requests to the Gamerzilla API for the new service.
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With the setup steps done, Gamerzilla runs but there are no users. There needs to be an easy way to create an administrator and register new users. Unfortunately this piece does not exist yet. At this time, users must be entered directly using the sqlite3 command line tool. The instructions are in the [readme][5]. Users can be publicly visible or not. The approval flag allows new users to not use the system immediately but web registration still needs to be implemented The user piece is designed with replacement in mind. It would not be hard to replace backend/Service/UserService.cs to integrate with an existing site. Gaming web sites could use this to offer Gamerzilla achievements to their users.
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Currently the backend uses a sqlite database. No performance testing has been done. We expect that larger installations may need to modify the system to use a more robust database system.
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### Testing the system
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There is no game launcher easily available at the moment. If you install libgamerzilla-server, you will have the command _gamerzillaserver_ available from the command line. The first time you run it, you enter your url and login information. Subsequent executions will simply read the information from the configuration file. There is currently no way to correct a mistake except deleting the file at _.local/share/ga_merzillaserver/server.cfg and running _gamerzillaserver_ again.
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Most games have no built releases with Gamerzilla support. [Pinball Disc Room on itch.io][6] does have support built in the Linux version. The web version has no achievements There are only two achievements in the game, one for surviving for ten seconds and the other for unlocking and using the tunnel. With a little practice you can get an achievement. You need to check your Gamerzila server as the game provides no visual notification of the achievement.
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Currently no game packaged in Fedora Linux supports Gamerzilla. SuperTuxKart merged support but is still awaiting a new release. Seahorse adventures and Shippy 1984 added achievements but new releases are not packaged yet. Some games with support, we maintain independently as the developers ignore pull requests or other attempt to contact them.
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### Future work
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Gamerzilla needs more games. A variety of games currently support the system. An addition occurs nearly every month. If you have a game you like, ask the developer to support Gamerzilla. If you are making a game and need help adding support, please let us now.
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Server development proceeds at a slow pace and we hope to have a functional registration system soon. After that we may setup a permanent hosting site. Right now you can see our [test server][7]. Some people expressed concern with the .Net backend. The API is not very complex and could be rewritten in Python fairly easily.
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The largest unknown remains game launchers. GameHub wants a generic achievement interface. We could try to work with them to get that implemented. Adding support to the itch.io app could increase interest in the system. Another possibility is to do away with the game launcher entirely. Perhaps adding something like the gamerzillaserver to Gnome might be possible. You would then configure your url and login information on a settings page. Any game launched could then record achievements.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/open-source-game-achievements/
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作者：[Dennis Payne][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/dulsi/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/game_acheivements-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://unsplash.com/@mparzuchowski?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/jenga?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[4]: http://identicalsoftware.com/gamerzilla/
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[5]: https://github.com/dulsi/gamerzilla.net#readme
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[6]: https://dulsi.itch.io/pinball-disc-room
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[7]: http://108.49.106.217/
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[#]: subject: "Open source game achievements"
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[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/open-source-game-achievements/"
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[#]: author: "Dennis Payne https://fedoramagazine.org/author/dulsi/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "toknow-gh"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Gamerzilla：一个开源游戏成就系统
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======
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Photo by [Michał Parzuchowski][2] on [Unsplash][3]
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了解开源游戏成就系统 Gamerzilla。它使游戏开发者能够独立于游戏平台实现成就系统。
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一些开源游戏的质量已经媲美商业游戏。尽管还难以比肩 3A 大作，开源游戏在独立游戏中已颇具竞争力。但是游戏玩家预期是随时间变化的。早期的游戏只有高分成就。不断增加的成就种类促使玩家反复重玩游戏。比如你可能达到了满级，却还没有找到所有隐藏物品或没有完成全物品收集。Xbox 360 推出了首个在线多游戏成就系统。随后其它游戏平台也纷纷推出了自己的成就系统。
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开源游戏在很大程度被游戏平台的成就系统排除在外。你可以在 Stream 上发布自己的游戏，但这需要付费。游戏平台主要与公司合作，而不是与自由软件社区合作。这也进一步把玩家锁定在了非自由的游戏平台上。
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商业游戏开发商也没有得到太多好处。由于不能共享成就，一些享受成就的玩家拒绝从其他商店购买游戏。这种锁定效应增强了游戏平台的话语权。由于各个游戏平台使用不同的系统，开发者不得不针对它们分别进行适配和测试。较小的游戏平台则可能完全被忽略掉。并且平台方能够访问到所有使用该平台的公司的成就数据，这些数据可以被用来扩大竞争优势。
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### Gamerzilla 的架构
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[Gamerzilla][4] 是一个致力于改善这种现状的开源游戏成就系统。Gamerzilla 在设计上同时考虑了开源游戏和商业游戏。你可以运行自己的 Gamerzilla 服务器，使用游戏商店提供的服务器，甚至 Linux 发行版中的服务器。服务器也可以由其他团体来运行。在哪里购买游戏不再重要。成就数据都会上传到你的 Gamerzilla 服务器上。
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一个基本的成就系统需要两个要素：游戏和 Gamerzilla 服务器。然而随着游戏数量增长，这种设计会暴露出其缺点。每个游戏都需要证书才能上传数据到服务器。由于拥有大量的游戏资源，并且能够在不同游戏商店之间同步数据，游戏启动器成为了众多玩家的选择。通过让启动器支持 Gamerzilla，游戏本身就不再需要证书了。游戏结果直接从启动器上传到 Gamerzilla 服务器。
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freegamedev.net 曾提供了社交网络系统 Hubzilla。我们基于此开发了一个插件来进行 Gamerzilla 的开发。不幸的是 Hubzilla 的一次升级导致了 freegamedev.net 的服务故障，因此 freegamedev.net 决定不再提供它了。
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目前 Gamerzilla 服务器有两种实现。维护 Hubzilla 是一项复杂的工作，所以我们用 .Net 和 React 开发了一个独立的 Gamerzilla 服务器。游戏调用的 API 是相同的，所以不用关心连接的服务器是哪种实现。
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游戏启动器的开发和支持工作通常是滞后的。为了方便启动器增加对 Gamerzilla 的支持，我们开发了 libgamerzilla。这个库负责处理启动器、游戏和 Gamerzilla 服务器之间的交互。目前只有 _GameHub_ 实现了一个支持 Gamerzilla 的版本，并将在近期整合到项目中。Fedora 上的 libgamerzilla-server 是一个临时解决方案。它不启动游戏，而是监听成就并把成就上传到服务器。
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支持 Gamerzilla 的游戏在不断增长。与游戏启动器一样，开发者使用 libgamerzilla 来完成 Gamerzilla 的集成工作。这个库由 C 语言实现，已经被 Python 和 nim 等多种编程语言使用。对于那些已经有成就系统的游戏，只需要花几天时间就可以完成对 Gamerzilla 的支持。其他游戏想要支持 Gamerzilla，大部分时间将会花在收集信息和授予成就上。
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### 架设服务器
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架设服务器最容易的方式是使用 Hubzilla 插件。但是运行 Hubzilla 站点却不是一件轻松的事情。在 Fedora 上架设基于 .Net 和 React 的服务器相对来说要容易一些，尽管这仍然需要许多步骤。详细步骤请参考 [readme][5]。需要这么多步骤的一部分原因是目前没有预编译好的发布版本。这意味着你需要自己安装 .Net，动手构建 React 源码部分。构建完成之后，React 代码会直接运行在 Apache 中。.Net 后端则运行在单独的服务上。Apache 作为代理负责把所有 Gamerzilla API 请求转发给后端服务。
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按上面的步骤操作，Gamerzilla 已经运行起来了，但是现在还没有用户。当然应该有一个简单的方式来创建管理员和注册新用户。但是该功能还没有完成。目前只能通过 sqlite3 命令行来录入用户信息。具体步骤请参考 [readme][5]。用户可以是公开可见的，也可以是隐藏的。批准标记可以让新用户不立刻使用该系统，但是网络注册是必须的。在设计时我们已经考虑了用户相关模块的可替换性。通过替换 backend/Service/UserService.cs 就可以与其他站点进行集成。游戏网站也可以通过这种方式来为用户提供 Gamerzilla 成就系统。
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目前 Gamerzilla 的后端使用的是 sqlite 数据库。我们还没有对它进行过性能测试。我们预计较大型的应用安装需要改进系统以使用更鲁棒的数据库。
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### 测试
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目前要找一个支持 Gamerzilla 的游戏启动器太难了。如果你安装了 libgamerzilla-server，就可以在命令行中运行 _gamerzillaserver_ 命令。首次运行该命令时需要输入 url 和 登录信息。以后再运行时会直接从配置文件读取这些信息。目前更正错误的唯一方法是删除 _.local/share/gamerzillaserver/server.cfg_ 再重新运行 _gamerzillaserver_ 命令。
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大多数游戏还没有支持 Gamerzilla 的发行版。[itch.io 上的 Pinball Disc Room][6]，它的 Lniux 版本支持 Gamerzilla，但是它的网页版是没有成就的。这款游戏只有两个成就：一个是存活 10 秒钟，另一个是解锁并使用隧道。只需要稍加练习，你就能获得一个成就。由于这款游戏没有可视化的成就提示消息，你需要查看 Gamerzila 服务器才能确认成就。
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目前打包到 Fedora 中的游戏都还不支持 Gamerzila。SuperTuxKart 已经整合了对 Gamerzila 的支持，正在等待发布新版本。 Seahorse adventures 和 Shippy 1984 添加了成就，但是新发布版本还没有打包。还有一部分游戏由我们独立完成了对 Gamerzila 的支持，但我们的<ruby>拉取请求<rt>pull request</rt></ruby>或其它联系尝试还没有得到开发者的回应。
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### 后续工作
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Gamerzilla 需要更多游戏的支持。目前已经有很多游戏支持 Gamerzilla，并且正在以大约每月一个的速度增长。如果你有喜欢的游戏，可以请求开发方支持 Gamerzilla。如果你是游戏开发者，并且在支持 Gamerzilla 上需要技术支持，请联系我们。
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服务器的开发工作在缓步开展中，我们希望不久之后就会有一个可用的注册系统。在那之后我们可能会建立一个永久托管站点。目前你可以看到我们的[测试服务器][7]。一些人对于使用 .Net 作为后端表示担忧。我们的 API 并不复杂，可以很容易用 Python 重写。
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最大的不确定性来自游戏启动器方面。GameHub 希望有一个通过用的成就接口。未来我们可能会在这方面与他们开展合作。增加对 itch.io 应用的支持可以提升系统的关注度。另一种方案是完全抛开启动器。也许可以将 gamerzillaserver 添加到 Gnome 中。然后你就可以在一个设置页面里配置 url 和登录信息。这样任何启动的游戏都可以记录成就了。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/open-source-game-achievements/
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作者：[Dennis Payne][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/toknow-gh)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/dulsi/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/game_acheivements-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://unsplash.com/@mparzuchowski?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/jenga?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[4]: http://identicalsoftware.com/gamerzilla/
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[5]: https://github.com/dulsi/gamerzilla.net#readme
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[6]: https://dulsi.itch.io/pinball-disc-room
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[7]: http://108.49.106.217/
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