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geekpi
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[#]: subject: "Using Homebrew Package Manager on Fedora Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/using-homebrew-package-manager-on-fedora-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Mehdi Haghgoo https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Using Homebrew Package Manager on Fedora Linux
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======
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![][1]
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### Introduction
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Homebrew is a package manager for macOS to install UNIX tools on macOS. But, it can be used on Linux (and Windows WSL) as well. It is written in Ruby and provides software packages that might not be provided by the host system (macOS or Linux), so it offers an auxiliary package manager besides the OS package manager. In addition, it installs packages only to its prefix (either /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew or ~/.linuxbrew) as a non-root user, without polluting system paths. This package manager works on Fedora Linux too. In this article, I will try to show you how Homebrew is different from Fedora Linux package manager _dnf_ , why you might want to install and use it on Fedora Linux, and how.
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##### Warning
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You should always inspect the packages and binaries you are installing on your system. Homebrew packages usually run as a non-sudoer user and to a dedicated prefix so they are quite unlikely to cause harm or misconfigurations. However, do all the installations at your own risk. The author and the Fedora community are not responsible for any damages that might result directly or indirectly from following this article.
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### How Homebrew Works
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Homebrew uses Ruby and Git behind the scenes. It builds software from source using special Ruby scripts called formulae which look like this (Using wget package as an example):
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```
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class Wget < Formula
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homepage "https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/"
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url "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.15.tar.gz"
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sha256 "52126be8cf1bddd7536886e74c053ad7d0ed2aa89b4b630f76785bac21695fcd"
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def install
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system "./configure", "--prefix=#{prefix}"
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system "make", "install"
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end
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end
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```
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### How Homebrew is Different from _dnf_
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Homebrew is a package manager that provides up-to-date versions of many UNIX software tools and packages e.g. ffmpeg, composer, minikube, etc. It proves useful when you want to install some packages that are not available in Fedora Linux _rpm_ repositories for some reason. So, it does not replace _dnf_.
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### Install Homebrew
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Before starting to install Homebrew, make sure you have glibc and gcc installed. These tools can be installed on Fedora with:
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```
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sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"
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```
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Then, install Homebrew by running the following command in a terminal:
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```
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
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```
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During the installation you will be prompted for your sudo password. Also, you will have the option to choose the installation prefix for Homebrew, but the default prefix is fine. During the install, you will be made the owner of the Homebrew prefix, so that you will not have to enter the sudo password to install packages. The installation will take several minutes. Once finished, run the following commands to add brew to your PATH:
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```
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echo 'eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.bash_profile
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eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
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```
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### Install and Investigate Packages
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To install a package using a formula on Homebrew, simply run:
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```
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brew install <formula>
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```
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Replace <formula> with the name of the formula you want to install. For example, to install Minikube, simply run:
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```
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brew install minikube
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```
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You can also search for formulae with:
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```
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brew search <formula>
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```
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To get information about a formula, run:
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```
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brew info <formula>
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```
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Also, you can see all the installed formulae with the following command:
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```
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brew list
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```
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### Uninstall Packages
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To uninstall a package from your Homebrew prefix, run:
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```
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brew uninstall <formula>
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```
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### Upgrade Packages
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To upgrade a specific package installed with Homebrew, run:
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```
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brew upgrade <formula>
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```
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To update Homebrew and all the installed Formulae to the latest versions, run:
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```
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brew update
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```
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### Wrap Up
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Homebrew is a simple package manager that can be a helpful tool alongside _dnf_ (The two are not related at all). Try to stick with the native _dnf_ package manager for Fedora to avoid software conflicts. However, if you don’t find a piece of software in the Fedora Linux repositories, then you might be able to find and install it with Homebrew. See the [Formulae list][2] for what is available. Also, Homebrew on Fedora Linux does not support graphical applications (called casks in Homebrew terminology) yet. At least, I didn’t have any luck installing any GUI apps.
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### References and Further Reading
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To learn more about Homebrew, check out the following resources:
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* Homebrew Homepage: <https://brew.sh>
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* Homebrew Docs: <https://docs.brew.sh>
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* Wikipedia Homebrew Page: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homebrew_(package_manager)>
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/using-homebrew-package-manager-on-fedora-linux/
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作者：[Mehdi Haghgoo][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/homebrew_sized-up-816x346.png
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[2]: https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/
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@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
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[#]: subject: "Using Homebrew Package Manager on Fedora Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://fedoramagazine.org/using-homebrew-package-manager-on-fedora-linux/"
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[#]: author: "Mehdi Haghgoo https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/"
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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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在 Fedora Linux 上使用 Homebrew 包管理器
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======
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![][1]
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### 简介
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Homebrew 是一个 macOS 的包管理器，用于在 macOS 上安装 UNIX 工具。但是，它也可以在 Linux（和 Windows WSL）上使用。它是用 Ruby 编写的，并提供主机系统（macOS 或 Linux）可能不提供的软件包，因此它在操作系统包管理器之外提供了一个辅助的包管理器。此外，它只向其前缀（/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew 或 \~/.linuxbrew）安装软件包，作为非 root 用户，它不会污染系统路径。这个包管理器在 Fedora Linux 上也适用。在这篇文章中，我将尝试告诉你 Homebrew 与 Fedora Linux 包管理器 _dnf_ 有什么不同，为什么你可能想在 Fedora Linux 上安装和使用它，以及如何安装。
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##### 警告
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你应该经常检查你在系统上安装的软件包和二进制文件。Homebrew 包通常在专门前缀的路径以非 sudoer 用户运行，因此它们不太可能造成破坏或错误配置。然而，做所有的安装都要自己承担风险。作者和 Fedora 社区不对任何可能直接或间接因遵循这篇文章而造成的损失负责。
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### Homebrew 如何工作
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Homebrew 在背后使用 Ruby 和 Git。它使用特殊的 Ruby 脚本从源代码构建软件，这些脚本被称为 formula，看起来像这样（使用 wget 包作为例子）：
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```
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class Wget < Formula
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homepage "https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/"
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url "https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/wget/wget-1.15.tar.gz"
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sha256 "52126be8cf1bddd7536886e74c053ad7d0ed2aa89b4b630f76785bac21695fcd"
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def install
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system "./configure", "--prefix=#{prefix}"
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system "make", "install"
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end
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end
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```
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### Homebrew与 _dnf_ 有何不同
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Homebrew 是一个包管理器，提供了许多 UNIX 软件工具和包的最新版本，例如 ffmpeg、composer、minikube 等。当你想安装一些由于某种原因在 Fedora Linux _rpm_ 仓库中没有的软件包时，它就会证明很有用。所以，它并不能取代 _dnf_。
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### 安装 Homebrew
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在开始安装 Homebrew 之前，确保你已经安装了 glibc 和 gcc。这些工具可以在 Fedora 上通过以下方式安装：
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```
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sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"
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```
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然后，通过在终端运行以下命令来安装 Homebrew：
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```
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/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
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```
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在安装过程中，你会被提示输入你的 sudo 密码。另外，你可以选择 Homebrew 的安装前缀，但默认的前缀就可以了。在安装过程中，你将成为 Homebrew 前缀的所有者，这样你就不必输入 sudo 密码来安装软件包。安装将需要数分钟。完成后，运行以下命令，将 brew 添加到你的PATH中：
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```
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echo 'eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.bash_profile
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eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
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```
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### 安装和检查软件包
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要在 Homebrew 上使用 formula 安装一个软件包，只需运行：
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```
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brew install <formula>
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```
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将 <formula> 替换为你要安装的 formula 的名称。例如，要安装 Minikube，只需运行：
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```
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brew install minikube
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```
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你也可以用以下方式搜索 formula：
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```
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brew search <formula>
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```
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要获得一个 formula 的信息，请运行：
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```
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brew info <formula>
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```
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另外，你可以用以下命令查看所有已安装的 formula：
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```
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brew list
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```
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### 卸载软件包
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要从你的 Homebrew 前缀中卸载一个软件包，请运行：
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```
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brew uninstall <formula>
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```
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### 升级软件包
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要升级一个用 Homebrew 安装的特定软件包，请运行：
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```
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brew upgrade <formula>
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```
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要更新 Homebrew 和所有已安装的 Formula 到最新版本，请运行：
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```
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brew update
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```
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### 总结
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Homebrew 是一个简单的包管理器，可以与 _dnf_ 一起成为有用的工具（两者完全没有关系）。尽量坚持使用 Fedora 的本地 _dnf_ 包管理器，以避免软件冲突。然而，如果你在 Fedora Linux 软件库中没有找到某个软件，那么你也许可以用 Homebrew 找到并安装它。请看 [Formula 列表][2]了解有哪些可用的软件。另外，Fedora Linux 上的 Homebrew 还不支持图形化应用（在 Homebrew 术语中称为 casks）。至少，我在安装任何 GUI 应用时没有任何运气。
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### 参考资料和进一步阅读
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要了解更多关于 Homebrew 的信息，请查看以下资源：
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* Homebrew 主页：<https://brew.sh>
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* Homebrew 文档：<https://docs.brew.sh>
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* 维基百科 Homebrew 页面：<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homebrew_(package_manager)>
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/using-homebrew-package-manager-on-fedora-linux/
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作者：[Mehdi Haghgoo][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/homebrew_sized-up-816x346.png
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[2]: https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/
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