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[Translated] How to monitor server memory usage with Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE)
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Translating-----------geekpi
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How to monitor server memory usage with Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE)
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================================================================================
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In a [previous tutorial][1]注：此篇文章在同一个更新中，如果也翻译了，发布的时候可修改相应的链接, we have seen how we can set up Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE) in an existing Nagios setup. However, the scripts and plugins needed to monitor memory usage do not come with stock Nagios. In this tutorial, we will see how we can configure NRPE to monitor RAM usage of a remote server.
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The script that we will use for monitoring RAM is available at [Nagios Exchange][2], as well as the creators' [Github repository][3].
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Assuming that NRPE has already been set up, we start the process by downloading the script in the server that we want to monitor.
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### Preparing Remote Servers ###
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#### On Debain/Ubuntu: ####
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# cd /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/
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# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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# mv check_mem.pl check_mem
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# chmod +x check_mem
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#### On RHEL/CentOS: ####
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# cd /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/ (or /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ for 32-bit)
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# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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# mv check_mem.pl check_mem
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# chmod +x check_mem
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You can check whether the script generates output properly by manually running the following command on localhost. When used with NRPE, this command is supposed to check free memory, warn when free memory is less than 20%, and generate critical alarm when free memory is less than 10%.
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# ./check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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----------
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OK - 34.0% (2735744 kB) free.|TOTAL=8035340KB;;;; USED=5299596KB;6428272;7231806;; FREE=2735744KB;;;; CACHES=2703504KB;;;;
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If you see something like the above as an output, that means the command is working okay.
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Now that the script is ready, we define the command to check RAM usage for NRPE. As mentioned before, the command will check free memory, warn when free memory is less than 20%, and generate critical alarm when free memory is less than 10%.
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# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
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#### For Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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#### For RHEL/CentOS 32 bit: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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#### For RHEL/CentOS 64 bit: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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### Preparing Nagios Server ###
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In the Nagios server, we define a custom command for NRPE. The command can be stored in any directory within Nagios. To keep the tutorial simple, we will put the command definition in /etc/nagios directory.
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#### For Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios3/conf.d/nrpe_command.cfg
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H '$HOSTADDRESS$' -c '$ARG1$'
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}
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#### For RHEL/CentOS 32 bit: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_command.cfg
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
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}
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#### For RHEL/CentOS 64 bit: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_command.cfg
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
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}
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Now we define the service check in Nagios.
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#### On Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios3/conf.d/nrpe_service_check.cfg
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----------
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define service{
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use local-service
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host_name remote-server
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service_description Check RAM
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check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
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}
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#### On RHEL/CentOS: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_service_check.cfg
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define service{
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use local-service
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host_name remote-server
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service_description Check RAM
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check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
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}
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Finally, we restart the Nagios service.
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#### On Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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# service nagios3 restart
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#### On RHEL/CentOS 6: ####
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# service nagios restart
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#### On RHEL/CentOS 7: ####
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# systemctl restart nagios.service
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### Troubleshooting ###
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Nagios should start checking RAM usage of a remote-server using NRPE. If you are having any problem, you could check the following.
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- Make sure that NRPE port is allowed all the way to the remote host. Default NRPE port is TCP 5666.
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- You could try manually checking NRPE operation by executing the check_nrpe command: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H remote-server
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- You could also try to run the check_mem command manually: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H remote-server –c check_mem
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- In the remote server, set debug=1 in /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg. Restart the NRPE service and check the log file /var/log/messages (RHEL/CentOS) or /var/log/syslog (Debain/Ubuntu). The log files should contain relevant information if there is any configuration or permission errors. If there are not hits in the log, it is very likely that the requests are not reaching the remote server due to port filtering at some point.
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To sum up, this tutorial demonstrated how we can easily tune NRPE to monitor RAM usage of remote servers. The process is as simple as downloading the script, defining the commands, and restarting the services. Hope this helps.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/09/monitor-server-memory-usage-nagios-remote-plugin-executor.html
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作者：[Sarmed Rahman][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/sarmed
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/03/nagios-remote-plugin-executor-nrpe-linux.html
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[2]:http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Solaris/check_mem-2Epl/details
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[3]:https://github.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/blob/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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如何用Nagios远程执行插件（NRPE）来检测服务器内存使用率
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================================================================================
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在[先前的教程中][1]注：此篇文章在同一个更新中，如果也翻译了，发布的时候可修改相应的链接，我们已经见到了如何在Nagios设置中设置Nagios远程执行插件（NRPE）。然而，监控内存使用率的脚本和插件并没有在原生的Nagios中。本篇中，我们会看到如何配置NRPE来监控远程服务器上的内存使用率。
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我们要用的监控内存的脚本在[Nagios 市场][2]上，也在创建者的[Github仓库][3]中。
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假设我们已经安装了NRPE，我们首先在我们想要监控的服务器上下载脚本。
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### 准备远程服务器 ###
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#### 在 Debain/Ubuntu 中: ####
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# cd /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/
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# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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# mv check_mem.pl check_mem
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# chmod +x check_mem
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#### 在 RHEL/CentOS 中: ####
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# cd /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/ (or /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/ for 32-bit)
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# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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# mv check_mem.pl check_mem
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# chmod +x check_mem
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你可以通过手工在本地运行下面的命令来检查脚本的输出是否正常。当使用NRPE时，这条命令应该会检测空闲的内存，当可用内存小于20%时会发出警告，并且在可用内存小于10%时会生成一个严重警告。
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# ./check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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----------
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OK - 34.0% (2735744 kB) free.|TOTAL=8035340KB;;;; USED=5299596KB;6428272;7231806;; FREE=2735744KB;;;; CACHES=2703504KB;;;;
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如果你看到像上面那样的输出，那就意味这命令正常工作着。
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现在脚本已经准备好了，我们要定义NRPE检查内存使用率的命令了。如上所述，命令会检查可用内存，在可用率小于20%时发出警报，小于10%时发出严重警告。
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# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
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#### 对于 Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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#### 对于 RHEL/CentOS 32 bit: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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#### 对于 RHEL/CentOS 64 bit: ####
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command[check_mem]=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_mem -f -w 20 -c 10
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### 准备 Nagios 服务器 ###
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在Nagios服务器中，我们为NRPE定义了一条自定义命令。该命令可存储在Nagios内的任何目录中。为了让本教程简单，我们会将命令定义放在/etc/nagios目录中。
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#### 对于 Debian/Ubuntu: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios3/conf.d/nrpe_command.cfg
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----------
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H '$HOSTADDRESS$' -c '$ARG1$'
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}
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#### 对于 RHEL/CentOS 32 bit: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_command.cfg
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----------
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
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}
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#### 对于 RHEL/CentOS 64 bit: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_command.cfg
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----------
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define command{
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command_name check_nrpe
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command_line /usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
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}
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现在我们定义Nagios的服务检查
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#### 在 Debian/Ubuntu 上: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios3/conf.d/nrpe_service_check.cfg
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----------
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define service{
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use local-service
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host_name remote-server
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service_description Check RAM
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check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
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}
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#### 在 RHEL/CentOS 上: ####
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/nrpe_service_check.cfg
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----------
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define service{
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use local-service
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host_name remote-server
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service_description Check RAM
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check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
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}
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最后我们重启Nagios服务
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#### 在 Debian/Ubuntu 上: ####
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# service nagios3 restart
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#### 在 RHEL/CentOS 6 上: ####
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# service nagios restart
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#### 在 RHEL/CentOS 7 上: ####
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# systemctl restart nagios.service
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### 故障排除 ###
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Nagios应该开始在使用NRPE的远程服务器上检查内存使用率了。如果你有任何问题，你可以检查下面这些情况。
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- 确保NRPE的端口在远程主机上是总是允许的。默认NRPE的端口是TCP 5666。
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- 你可以尝试通过执行check_nrpe 命令： /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H remote-server 手工检查NRPE操作。
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- 你同样可以尝试运行check_mem 命令：/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H remote-server –c check_mem
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- 在远程服务器上，在/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg中设置debug=1。重启NRPE服务并检查这些日志文件，/var/log/messages (RHEL/CentOS)或者/var/log/syslog (Debain/Ubuntu)。如果有任何的配置或者权限错误，日志中应该包含了相关的信息。如果日志中没有反映出什么，很有可能是由于请求在某些端口上有过滤而没有到达远程服务器上。
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总结一下，这边教程描述了我们该如何调试NRPE来监控远程服务器的内存使用率。过程只需要下载脚本、定义命令和重启服务就行了。希望这对你们有帮助。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/09/monitor-server-memory-usage-nagios-remote-plugin-executor.html
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作者：[Sarmed Rahman][a]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/sarmed
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2014/03/nagios-remote-plugin-executor-nrpe-linux.html
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[2]:http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/Plugins/Operating-Systems/Solaris/check_mem-2Epl/details
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[3]:https://github.com/justintime/nagios-plugins/blob/master/check_mem/check_mem.pl
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