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20131029-1 选题
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10 Years of Xen: Transforming a Dinosaur Into a Bird
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================================================================================
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Xen Hypervisor development started at [Cambridge University][1] as part of the [Xenoserver][2] research project in the late 90’s. The goal of Xenoserver was ambitious:
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The Xenoserver project is building a public infrastructure for wide-area distributed computing. We envisage a world in which Xenoserver execution platforms will be scattered across the globe and available for any member of the public to submit code for execution. The sponsor of the code will be billed for all the resources used or reserved during the course of execution. This will serve to encourage load balancing, limit congestion, and hopefully even make the platform self-financing.
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Today, this model of computing is called cloud computing. And the Xen Hypervisor was - and indeed is today - instrumental in enabling the biggest cloud in production. Not only are Amazon Web Services and Rackspace Public cloud based on Xen. New large deployments such as [Verizon Public Cloud][3] also chose Xen as basis for their offering.
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### Happy 10th Birthday ###
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On October 21st, 2003 at the [19th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles][4] the Xen Hypervisor was first revealed as an open source project to the public. Exactly 10 years ago. Time to wish the project a Happy 10th Birthday!
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### The Burden of being First : Or what happened to the Dinosaurs? ###
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Sometimes being the first open source project in its field can become a burden. Why? Because, community problems can build up unchecked. The simple fact is that lack of competition can cause complacency. This is what happened to the Xen Project. For the first few years of its life the project operated without governance, became insular, didn’t promote itself and failed to engage its users and contributors. When its first open source competitor - KVM - gathered steam, the community was slow to respond and change.
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The effect of all this was that it was difficult to join the project and that the project did not play well with the Linux kernel, QEMU and Linux distros. In the end, the Xen community got a bad reputation. Ultimately this resulted in Canonical and RedHat dropping Xen support in favour of KVM. Add to the mix a failure to tell the world, when things did change. The bad reputation lingered and eventually the project was seen as a dinosaur by the open source community and technology press. Destined to be extinct in the near future.
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### Evolving fast : The Dinosaur becomes a Bird ###
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Not many open source projects recover from mistakes like the ones the Xen community made. The Xen Project managed to do this, through a combination of introducing good governance, active efforts to collaborate with other open source projects, rebooting marketing efforts and actively working with users and contributors to the project. In other words, the project had to
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Xen Project flying Panda
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Let the Bird fly (or more correctly, give the Xen Project’s Panda wings).
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transform itself from a Dinosaur to a Bird. If you want to know how we did this, why not attend my LinuxCon EU session called [Xen Project : Lessons Learned][5]? Other sessions you may want to attend are [Securing your Xen based Cloud][6] and [Xen: Open Source Hypervisor Designed for Clouds][7].
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*Let the Bird fly (or more correctly, give the Xen Project’s Panda wings).*
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### A peek into the Future : New Frontiers in Virtualization ###
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If you look at the Xen Project now, you will find that the community is diverse and growing. On many counts, it is bigger and more diverse than it has ever been.
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One of the interesting things that is happening in the Xen Community at the moment is adoption of the Xen Project’s software for non-traditional virtualization use-cases. This is mirroring a rise in activity by embedded companies in the Linux community in general. At the [Xen Project Developer Summit][8] later this week, we will see two Android VMs running on top of Xen on a Nexus 10, we will see first experiments in using Xen for In-Vehicle-Infotainment and automotive applications in general, and we will see how Xen can provide the high performance expected of hardware-based middlebox offerings such as firewalls and NATs.
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Of course, there is also plenty innovation in server virtualization and cloud. Let the Bird fly (or more correctly, give the Xen Project’s Panda wings).
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.linux.com/news/enterprise/cloud-computing/743330-10-years-of-xen-transforming-a-dinosaur-into-a-bird/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xen/index.html
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[2]:http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/xeno/
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[3]:http://www.techweekeurope.co.uk/news/verizon-public-cloud-launch-128724
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[4]:http://www.cs.rochester.edu/meetings/sosp2003/papers.shtml
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[5]:http://linuxconcloudopeneu2013.sched.org/event/68003c370760bcc2da7e3e8b59b6b50f
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[6]:http://linuxconcloudopeneu2013.sched.org/event/37ecfe02561cf264a02061d1927da26c
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[7]:http://linuxconcloudopeneu2013.sched.org/event/bdca1274d9799646cdf2934dbde94ccd
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[8]:http://www.linux.com/news/software/applications/742053-a-great-line-up-of-speakers-at-xen-project-developer-summit
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How to set up web-based network traffic monitoring system on Linux
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================================================================================
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When you are tasked with monitoring network traffic on the local network, you can consider many different options to do it, depending on the scale/traffic of the local network, monitoring platforms/interface, types of backend database, etc.
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[ntopng][1] is an open-source (GPLv3) network traffic analyzer which provides a web interface for real-time network traffic monitoring. It runs on multiple platforms including Linux and MacOS X. ntopng comes with a simple RMON-like agent with built-in web server capability, and uses [Redis][2]-backed key-value server to store time series statistics. You can install ntopng network traffic analyzer on any designated monitoring server connected to your network, and use a web browser to access real-time traffic reports available on the server.
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In this tutorial, I will describe **how to set up a web-based network traffic monitoring system on Linux by using ntopng.**
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### Features of ntopng ###
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- Flow-level, protocol-level real-time analysis of local network traffic.
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- Domain, AS (Autonomous System), VLAN level statistics.
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- Geolocation of IP addresses.
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- Deep packet inspection (DPI) based service discovery (e.g., Google, Facebook).
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- Historical traffic analysis (e.g., hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly).
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- Support for sFlow, NetFlow (v5/v9) and IPFIX through nProbe.
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- Network traffic matrix (who’s talking to who?).
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- IPv6 support.
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### Install ntopng on Linux ###
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The official website offers binary packages for [Ubuntu][3] and [CentOS][4]. So if you use either platform, you can install these packages.
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If you want to build the latest ntopng from [its source][5], follow the instructions below.
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To build ntopng on Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo apt-get install libpcap-dev libglib2.0-dev libgeoip-dev redis-server wget
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$ tar xzf ntopng-1.0.tar.gz
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$ cd ntopng-1.0/
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$ ./configure
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$ make geoip
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$ make
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In the above steps, “make geoip” will automatically download a free version of GeoIP databases with wget from maxmind.com. So make sure that your system is connected to the network.
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To build ntopng on Fedora:
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$ sudo yum install libpcap-devel glib2-devel GeoIP-devel
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libxml2-devel redis wget
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$ tar xzf ntopng-1.0.tar.gz
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$ cd ntopng-1.0/
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$ ./configure
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$ make geoip
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$ make
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To install ntopng on CentOS or RHEL, first [set up EPEL repository][6], and then follow the same instructions as in [Fedora][7] above.
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### Configure ntopng on Linux ###
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After building ntopng, create a configuration directory for ntopng, and prepare default configuration files as follows. I assume that “192.168.1.0/24″ is the CIDR address prefix of your local network.
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$ sudo mkir /etc/ntopng -p
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$ sudo -e /etc/ntopng/ntopng.start
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> --local-networks "192.168.1.0/24"
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>
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> --interface 1
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$ sudo -e /etc/ntopng/ntopng.conf
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> -G=/var/run/ntopng.pid
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Before running ntopng, make sure to first start redis, which is a key-value store for ntopng.
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To start ntopng on Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo /etc/init.d/redis-server restart
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$ sudo ./ntopng
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To start ntopng on Fedora, CentOS or RHEL:
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$ sudo service redis restart
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$ sudo ./ntopng
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By default, ntopng listens on TCP/3000 port. Verify this is the case using the command below.
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$ sudo netstat -nap|grep ntopng
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> tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 29566/ntopng
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### Monitor Network Traffic in Web-Based Interface ###
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Once ntopng is successfully running, go to http://<ip-address-of-host>:3000 on your web browser to access the web interface of ntopng.
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You will see the login screen of ntopng. Use the default username and password: “admin/admin” to log in.
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Here are a few screenshots of ntopng in action.
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Real-time visualization of top flows.
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[][8]
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Live statistics of top hosts, top protocols and top AS numbers.
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[][9]
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Real time report of active flows with DPI-based automatic application/service discovery.
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Historic traffic analysis.
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[][10]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://xmodulo.com/2013/10/set-web-based-network-traffic-monitoring-linux.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.ntop.org/products/ntop/
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[2]:http://redis.io/
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[3]:http://apt.ntop.org/
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[4]:http://rpm.ntop.org/
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[5]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/ntop/files/ntopng/
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[6]:http://xmodulo.com/2013/03/how-to-set-up-epel-repository-on-centos.html
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[7]:http://xmodulo.com/go/fedora_guide
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[8]:http://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/10487165303/
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[9]:http://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/10486988416/
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[10]:http://www.flickr.com/photos/xmodulo/10486995114/
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LinuxCon/CloudOpen Goose Chase Ends in Tie for Grand Prize
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================================================================================
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Hundreds of people raced to the finish in the first-ever LinuxCon/CloudOpen Goose Chase. From showing your cowsay to the coffee cup that fuels your Linux work, you - the community - showcased your competitive nature and passion for having fun. The competiton was fierce through the end, which resulted in a tie for Grand Prize for Round Two (round one wrapped up in October, and the [winners were announced][1] at LinuxCon and CloudOpen North America). Because there are two Grand Prize winners, we will not be awarding a First Prize.
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The winners of Round Two are:
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**Grand Prize: $500 Amazon Gift Card**
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**Daniel German**, Canada
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**Joao Paulo Rechi Vita**, Brazil
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Joao works for the Nokia Institute of Technology. His latest Linux project was adding BlueZ 5 bluetooth support to PulseAudio on the Linux desktop. He's attended LinuxCon in Japan, North America and Europe this year.
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"I participated in the Goose Chase at LinuxCon North America and found it really fun, so when I was showing the pictures to my girlfriend back home I found the {online} Goose Chase and decided to join it as well. And as I expected, {it} was a lot of fun again, specially because this time some of the missions needed quite a bit of creativity to be accomplished."
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**Second Prize, $50 Amazon Gift Card**
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**Madalina-Ioana Alexe**, Romania
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Madalina-Ioana works for Intel Romania on Tizen and attended the Gluster Community Day this week at LinuxCon Europe.
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"I found it is a fun game, which is still suitable for geeks. It was a nice and funny experience and I found out that there are even more geeks like me."
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Congratulations to all our winners and thank you so much for participating in the Goose Chase!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.linux.com/news/featured-blogs/185-jennifer-cloer/745263-linuxconcloudopen-goose-chase-ends-in-tie-for-grand-prize/
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.linux.com/news/featured-blogs/200-libby-clark/737969-announcing-goose-chase-contest-winners-more-prizes-for-linuxcon-europe
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Mikko Hypponen: Open Source Software Will Make the World More Secure
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================================================================================
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Open source software can be one answer to combating the global surveillance of innocent citizens, said security expert Mikko Hypponen in his keynote last week at [LinuxCon and CloudOpen Europe][1] in Edinburgh.
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*Mikko Hypponen, chief research officer at F-Secure in Finland, spoke at LinuxCon and CloudOpen Europe 2013 in Edinburgh.*
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Advances in computing and the rise of global networks have made the storage and transmission of data cheap and easy. This has created unparalleled connectivity, progress and innovation, Hypponen said. But it’s also enabled large-scale access to that data as demonstrated by the NSA’s PRISM program, made public this year in a series of top-secret document leaks by former U.S. government contractor Edward Snowden.
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“In the last few years we've realized data is cheap. We never have to delete anything anymore, ever,” said Hypponen, chief research officer at F-Secure in Finland. “This has enabled lots of great things but also global wholesale blanket surveillance.”
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Such access to our personal data, including cell phone records, geolocation, email and search engine queries, may be warranted in some cases, Hypponen said.
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“I do believe some surveillance is OK,” he said. “If there's an investigation into finding a school shooter or drug lord or member of a terrorist cell… we should have the technical means of doing that. But we must first have the suspicion.”
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But collecting the communications and personal data of “everyone” is not only a violation of privacy, but a threat to democracy, Hypponen said.
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“Even if you don't have a problem with our government today, we don't know what the government will be 20 years from now,” he said. ”If they have 20 years of your search data, they'll find something illegal or embarrassing to twist your hand.”
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Though the leaks have caused some IT professionals to question the safety of their data stored with and routed through U.S. service providers, avoiding these companies and services won’t solve the problem, Hypponen said. Neither can each country afford the time and expense of building its own alternatives.
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Working across international boundaries, developers should band together to build secure and reliable software and services that prevent back-door tampering and ensure users’ privacy, Hypponen said.
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“I suggest that open source provides a solution to this problem,” he said. “Then countries don't have to work alone. It will be secure, open and free.”
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.linux.com/news/featured-blogs/200-libby-clark/745585-mikko-hypponen-open-source-software-will-make-the-world-more-secure
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://events.linuxfoundation.org/events/linuxcon-europe
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