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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/)
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[#]: author: (Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
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Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora
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======
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![][1]
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This article shows you how to install the software you need to use Cockpit to create and manage virtual machines on Fedora 31. Cockpit is [an interactive admin interface][2] that lets you access and manage systems from any supported web browser. With [virt-manager being deprecated][3] users are encouraged to use Cockpit instead, which is meant to replace it.
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Cockpit is an actively developed project, with many plugins available that extend how it works. For example, one such plugin is “Machines,” which interacts with libvirtd and lets users create and manage virtual machines.
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### Installing software
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The required software prerequisites are _libvirt_, _cockpit_ and _cockpit-machines_. To install them on Fedora 31, run the following command from a terminal [using sudo][4]:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install libvirt cockpit cockpit-machines
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```
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Cockpit is also included as part of the “Headless Management” package group. This group is useful for a Fedora based server that you only access through a network. In that case, to install it, use this command:
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```
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$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Headless Management"
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```
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### Setting up Cockpit services
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After installing the necessary packages it’s time to enable the services. The _libvirtd_ service runs the virtual machines, while Cockpit has a socket activated service to let you access the Web GUI:
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```
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$ sudo systemctl enable libvirtd --now
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$ sudo systemctl enable cockpit.socket --now
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```
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This should be enough to run virtual machines and manage them through Cockpit. Optionally, if you want to access and manage your machine from another device on your network, you need to expose the service to the network. To do this, add a new rule in your firewall configuration:
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```
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=cockpit --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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To confirm the services are running and no issues occurred, check the status of the services:
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```
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$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
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$ sudo systemctl status cockpit.socket
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```
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At this point everything should be working. The Cockpit web GUI should be available at <https://localhost:9090> or <https://127.0.0.1:9090>. Or, enter the local network IP in a web browser on any other device connected to the same network. (Without SSL certificates setup, you may need to allow a connection from your browser.)
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### Creating and installing a machine
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Log into the interface using the user name and password for that system. You can also choose whether to allow your password to be used for administrative tasks in this session.
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Select _Virtual Machines_ and then select _Create VM_ to build a new box. The console gives you several options:
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* Download an OS using Cockpit’s built in library
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* Use install media already downloaded on the system you’re managing
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* Point to a URL for an OS installation tree
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* Boot media over the network via the [PXE][5] protocol
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Enter all the necessary parameters. Then select _Create_ to power up the new virtual machine.
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At this point, a graphical console appears. Most modern web browsers let you use your keyboard and mouse to interact with the VM console. Now you can complete your installation and use your new VM, just as you would [via virt-manager in the past][6].
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* * *
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_Photo by [Miguel Teixeira][7] on [Flickr][8] (CC BY-SA 2.0)._
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/
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作者：[Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/create-vm-cockpit-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://cockpit-project.org/
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[3]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/8.0_release_notes/rhel-8_0_0_release#virtualization_4
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[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/
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[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment
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[6]: https://fedoramagazine.org/full-virtualization-system-on-fedora-workstation-30/
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[7]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/
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[8]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/2964851828/
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@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/)
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[#]: author: (Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
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在 Fedora 中使用 Cockpit 创建虚拟机
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======
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![][1]
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本文向你展示如何在 Fedora 31 上使用安装 Cockpit 所需软件来创建和管理虚拟机。Cockpit 是一个[交互式管理界面][2]，可让你在任何受支持的 Web 浏览器上访问和管理系统。随着 [virt-manager 正逐渐废弃][3]，用户被鼓励使用 Cockpit 来替换它。
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Cockpit 是一个积极开发的项目，它有许多扩展其工作的插件。例如，其中一个是 “Machines”，它与 libvirtd 交互并允许用户创建和管理虚拟机。
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### 安装软件
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先决所需软件是 _libvirt _、_ cockpit_ 和 _cockpit-machines_。要将它们安装在 Fedora 31 上，请在终端[使用 sudo][4] 运行以下命令：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install libvirt cockpit cockpit-machines
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```
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Cockpit 也在 “Headless Management” 软件包组中。该组对于仅通过网络访问的基于 Fedora 的服务器很有用。在这里，请使用以下命令进行安装：
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```
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$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Headless Management"
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```
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### 设置 Cockpit 服务
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安装了必要的软件包后，就该启用服务了。 _libvirtd_ 服务运行虚拟机，而 Cockpit 有一个激活的套接字服务，可让你访问 Web GUI：
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```
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$ sudo systemctl enable libvirtd --now
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$ sudo systemctl enable cockpit.socket --now
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```
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这应该足以运行虚拟机并通过 Cockpit 对其进行管理。（可选）如果要从网络上的另一台设备访问并管理计算机，那么需要将该服务开放给网络。为此，请在防火墙配置中添加新规则：
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```
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=cockpit --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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要确认服务正在运行并且没有发生任何问题，请检查服务的状态：
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```
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$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
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$ sudo systemctl status cockpit.socket
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```
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此时一切都应该正常工作。Cockpit Web GUI 应该可通过 <https://localhost:9090> 或 <https://127.0.0.1:9090> 访问。或者，在连接到同一网络的任何其他设备上的 Web 浏览器中输入本地网络 IP。（如果未设置 SSL 证书，那么可能需要允许来自浏览器的连接。）
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### 创建和安装机器
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使用系统的用户名和密码登录界面。你还可以选择是否允许在此会话中将密码用于管理任务。
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选择 _Virtual Machines_，然后选择_ Create VM_ 来创建一台新的虚拟机。控制台为你提供几个选项：
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* 使用 Cockpit 的内置库下载操作系统
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* 使用系统上已下载的安装媒体
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* 指向系统安装树的 URL
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* 通过 [PXE][5] 协议通过网络引导媒体
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输入所有必要的参数。然后选择 _Create_ 启动新虚拟机。
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此时，将出现一个图形控制台。大多数现代 Web 浏览器都允许你使用键盘和鼠标与 VM 控制台进行交互。现在，你可以完成安装并使用新的 VM，就像[过去通过 virt-manager][6] 一样。
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* * *
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_照片由 [Miguel Teixeira][7] 发布于 [Flickr][8]（CC BY-SA 2.0）_
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/
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作者：[Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/create-vm-cockpit-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://cockpit-project.org/
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[3]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/8.0_release_notes/rhel-8_0_0_release#virtualization_4
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[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/
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[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment
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[6]: https://fedoramagazine.org/full-virtualization-system-on-fedora-workstation-30/
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[7]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/
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[8]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/2964851828/
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