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[translated]Howto Manage Host Using Docker Machine in a VirtualBox
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[bazz2]
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在 VirtualBox 中使用 Docker Machine 管理主机
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大家好，今天我们学习在 VirtualBox 中使用 Docker Machine 来创建和管理 Docker 主机。Docker Machine 是一个应用，用于在我们的电脑上、在云端、在数据中心创建 Docker 主机，然后用户可以使用 Docker 客户端来配置一些东西。这个 API 为本地主机、或数据中心的虚拟机、或云端的实例提供 Docker 服务。Docker Machine 支持 Windows、OSX 和 Linux，并且是以一个独立的二进制文件包形式安装的。使用（与现有 Docker 工具）相同的接口，我们就可以充分利用已经提供 Docker 基础框架的生态系统。只要一个命令，用户就能快速部署 Docker 容器。
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Here are some easy and simple steps that helps us to deploy docker containers using Docker Machine.
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本文列出一些简单的步骤用 Docker Machine 来部署 docker 容器。
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### 1. Installing Docker Machine ###
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### 1. 安装 Docker Machine ###
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Docker Machine supports awesome on every Linux Operating System. First of all, we'll need to download the latest version of Docker Machine from the [Github site][1] . Here, we'll use curl to download the latest version of Docker Machine ie 0.2.0 .
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Docker Machine 完美支持所有 Linux 操作系统。首先我们需要从 [github][1] 下载最新版本的 Docker Machine，本文使用 curl 作为下载工具，Docker Machine 版本为 0.2.0。
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**For 64 Bit Operating System**
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** 64 位操作系统 **
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# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-amd64 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
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**For 32 Bit Operating System**
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** 32 位操作系统 **
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# curl -L https://github.com/docker/machine/releases/download/v0.2.0/docker-machine_linux-i386 > /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
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After downloading the latest release of Docker Machine, we'll make the file named **docker-machine** under **/usr/local/bin/** executable using the command below.
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下载完成后，找到 **/usr/local/bin** 目录下的 **docker-machine** 文件，执行一下：
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# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-machine
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After doing the above, we'll wanna ensure that we have successfully installed docker-machine. To check it, we can run the docker-machine -v which will give output of the version of docker-machine installed in our system.
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确认是否成功安装了 docker-machine，可以运行下面的命令，它会打印 Docker Machine 的版本信息：
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# docker-machine -v
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To enable Docker commands on our machines, make sure to install the Docker client as well by running the command below.
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运行下面的命令，安装 Docker 客户端，以便于在我们自己的电脑止运行 Docker 命令：
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# curl -L https://get.docker.com/builds/linux/x86_64/docker-latest > /usr/local/bin/docker
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# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker
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### 2. Creating VirualBox VM ###
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### 2. 创建 VirtualBox 虚拟机 ###
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After we have successfully installed Docker Machine in our Linux running machine, we'll definitely wanna go for creating a Virtual Machine using VirtualBox. To get started, we need to run docker-machine create command followed by --driver flag with string as virtualbox as we are trying to deploy docker inside of Virtual Box running VM and the final argument is the name of the machine, here we have machine name as "linux". This command will download [boot2docker][2] iso which is a light-weighted linux distribution based on Tiny Core Linux with the Docker daemon installed and will create and start a VirtualBox VM with Docker running as mentioned above.
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To do so, we'll run the following command in a terminal or shell in our box.
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在 Linux 系统上安装完 Docker Machine 后，接下来我们可以安装 VirtualBox 虚拟机，运行下面的就可以了。--driver virtualbox 选项表示我们要在 VirtualBox 的虚拟机里面部署 docker，最后的参数“linux” 是虚拟机的名称。这个命令会下载 [boot2docker][2] iso，它是个基于 Tiny Core Linux 的轻量级发行版，自带 Docker 程序，然后 docker-machine 命令会创建一个 VirtualBox 虚拟机（LCTT：当然，我们也可以选择其他的虚拟机软件）来运行这个 boot2docker 系统。
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# docker-machine create --driver virtualbox linux
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Now, to check whether we have successfully create a Virtualbox running Docker or not, we'll run the command **docker-machine** ls as shown below.
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测试下有没有成功运行 VirtualBox 和 Docker，运行命令：
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# docker-machine ls
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If the host is active, we can see * under the ACTIVE column in the output as shown above.
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如果执行成功，我们可以看到在 ACTIVE 那列下面会出现一个星号“*”。
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### 3. Setting Environment Variables ###
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### 3. 设置环境变量 ###
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Now, we'll need to make docker talk with the machine. We can do that by running docker-machine env and then the machine name, here we have named **linux** as above.
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现在我们需要让 docker 与虚拟机通信，运行 docker-machine env <虚拟机名称> 来实现这个目的。
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# eval "$(docker-machine env linux)"
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# docker ps
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This will set environment variables that the Docker client will read which specify the TLS settings. Note that we'll need to do this every time we reboot our machine or start a new tab. We can see what variables will be set by running the following command.
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这个命令会设置 TLS 认证的环境变量，每次重启机器或者重新打开一个会话都需要执行一下这个命令，我们可以看到它的输出内容：
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# docker-machine env linux
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@ -65,46 +62,46 @@ This will set environment variables that the Docker client will read which speci
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export DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/Users/<your username>/.docker/machine/machines/dev
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export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.99.100:2376
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### 4. Running Docker Containers ###
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### 4. 运行 Docker 容器 ###
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Finally, after configuring the environment variables and Virtual Machine, we are able to run docker containers in the host running inside the Virtual Machine. To give it a test, we'll run a busybox container out of it run running **docker run busybox** command with **echo hello world** so that we can get the output of the container.
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完成配置后我们就可以在 VirtualBox 上运行 docker 容器了。测试一下，在虚拟机里执行 **docker run busybox echo hello world** 命令，我们可以看到容器的输出信息。
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# docker run busybox echo hello world
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### 5. Getting Docker Host's IP ###
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### 5. 拿到 Docker 主机的 IP ###
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We can get the IP Address of the running Docker Host's using the **docker-machine ip** command. We can see any exposed ports that are available on the Docker host’s IP address.
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我们可以执行下面的命令获取 Docker 主机的 IP 地址。
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# docker-machine ip
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### 6. Managing the Hosts ###
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### 6. 管理主机 ###
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Now we can manage as many local VMs running Docker as we desire by running docker-machine create command again and again as mentioned in above steps
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现在我们可以随心所欲地使用上述的 docker-machine 命令来不断创建主机了。
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If you are finished working with the running docker, we can simply run **docker-machine stop** command to stop the whole hosts which are Active and if wanna start again, we can run **docker-machine start**.
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当你使用完 docker 时，可以运行 **docker-machine stop** 来停止所有主机，如果想开启所有主机，运行 **docker-machine start**。
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# docker-machine stop
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# docker-machine start
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You can also specify a host to stop or start using the host name as an argument.
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你也可以只停止或开启一台主机：
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$ docker-machine stop linux
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$ docker-machine start linux
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### Conclusion ###
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### 总结 ###
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Finally, we have successfully created and managed a Docker host inside a VirtualBox using Docker Machine. Really, Docker Machine enables people fast and easy to create, deploy and manage Docker hosts in different platforms as here we are running Docker hosts using Virtualbox platform. This virtualbox driver API works for provisioning Docker on a local machine, on a virtual machine in the data center. Docker Machine ships with drivers for provisioning Docker locally with Virtualbox as well as remotely on Digital Ocean instances whereas more drivers are in the work for AWS, Azure, VMware, and other infrastructure. If you have any questions, suggestions, feedback please write them in the comment box below so that we can improve or update our contents. Thank you ! Enjoy :-)
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最后，我们使用 Docker Machine 成功在 VirtualBox 上创建并管理一台 Docker 主机。Docker Machine 确实能让用户快速地在不同的平台上部署 Docker 主机，就像我们这里部署在 VirtualBox 上一样。这个 --driver virtulbox 驱动可以在本地机器上使用，也可以在数据中心的虚拟机上使用。Docker Machine 驱动除了支持本地的 VirtualBox 之外，还支持远端的 Digital Ocean、AWS、Azure、VMware 以及其他基础设施。如果你有任何疑问，或者建议，请在评论栏中写出来，我们会不断改进我们的内容。谢谢，祝愉快。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/host-virtualbox-docker-machine/
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作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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译者：[bazz2](https://github.com/bazz2)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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