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sources/tech/20201014 Try Linux on any computer with this bootable USB tool.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Try Linux on any computer with this bootable USB tool)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/10/fedora-media-writer)
[#]: author: (Sumantro Mukherjee https://opensource.com/users/sumantro)
Try Linux on any computer with this bootable USB tool
======
Fedora Media Writer is a hassle-free way to create a live USB to give
Linux a try.
![Multiple USB plugs in different colors][1]
[Fedora Media Writer][2] is a small, lightweight, comprehensive tool that simplifies the Linux getting-started experience. It downloads and writes Fedora Workstation or Server onto a USB drive that can boot up on any system, making it accessible for you to try Fedora Linux without having to install it to your hard drive.
The Media Writer tool can be used to create a live, bootable USB. After installing the Fedora Media Writer application on your platform, you can download and flash the latest stable version of Fedora Workstation or Server, or you can choose any other image you've downloaded. And it isn't limited to Intel 64-bit devices. It's also available for ARM devices, [such as the Raspberry Pi][3], which are becoming more powerful and useful every day.
![Fedora Media Writer main screen][4]
(Sumantro Mukherjee, [CC BY-SA 4.0][5])
### Install Fedora Media Writer
You have several options for [installing Fedora Media Writer][6]. You can [build it from source][7] on GitHub, download it for macOS or Windows, use an RPM with **dnf** or **yum**, or get it as a Flatpak.
On Fedora:
```
`$ sudo dnf install mediawriter`
```
See the [Releases][8] section of the GitHub repo for the latest version.
### Prepare your media
The first thing you need is a USB drive for your Linux OS to be installed onto. This is what Fedora Media Writer will flash. This drive must be either blank or expendable because **all data on the USB drive will be erased.** If there's any data—even just one file—that you don't want to lose, then you must back it up before continuing!
Once you've got a USB drive that you've confirmed is expendable, plug it into your computer and launch Fedora Media Writer.
### Use Fedora Media Writer
When you launch Fedora Media Writer, you're presented with a screen that prompts you to acquire a bootable image from the Internet, or to load a custom image from your hard drive. The first selections are the latest releases of Fedora: Workstation for desktops and laptops, and Server for virtualization, rack servers, or anything you want to run as a server.
Should you select one of the Fedora images, Media Writer downloads a disc image (usually called an "iso", after its filename extension of **.iso**) and saves it to your `Downloads` folder so you can reuse it to flash another drive if you want.
![Select your image][9]
Also available are Fedora Spins, which are images from the Fedora community meant to satisfy niche interests. For instance, if you're a fan of the [MATE desktop][10], then you'll be pleased to find a MATE "spin" available from Media Writer. There are many to choose from, so scroll through to see them all. If you're new to Linux, don't be overwhelmed or confused: the extra options are intended for longtime users who have developed preferences aside from the defaults, so it's safe for you to just use the Workstation or Server option depending on whether you want to run Fedora as a desktop or as a server OS.
If you need an image for a different CPU than the one you're currently using, select the CPU architecture from the drop-down menu in the upper-right corner of the window.
If you have an image saved to your hard drive already, select the **Custom Image** option and select the **.iso** file of the distribution you want to flash to USB.
### Writing to a USB drive
Once you've downloaded or selected an image, you must confirm that you want to write the image to your drive.
The drive selection drop-down menu only shows external drives, so there's no chance of you accidentally overwriting your own hard drive. This is an important feature of Fedora Media Writer, and one that makes it much safer than many manual instructions you might see elsewhere online. However, if you have more than one external drive attached to your computer, you should remove them all except the one you want to overwrite, just for added safety.
Select the drive you want the image to be installed onto, and click the **Write to Disk** button.
![Media write][11]
 
Wait a while for the image to be written to your drive, and then check out Don Watkins' excellent overview of [how to boot to Linux from a USB drive][12] .
### Get started with Linux
Fedora Media Writer is a way to flash Fedora Workstation or Server, or any Linux distribution, to a USB drive so you can try it out before you install it on your device. Give it a try, and share your experience and questions in the comments.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/fedora-media-writer
作者：[Sumantro Mukherjee][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sumantro
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/usb-hardware.png?itok=ROPtNZ5V (Multiple USB plugs in different colors)
[2]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter
[3]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/ARM/Raspberry_Pi
[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/fmw_mainscreen.png (Fedora Media Writer main screen)
[5]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
[6]: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/f32/install-guide/install/Preparing_for_Installation/#_fedora_media_writer
[7]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter#building
[8]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter/releases
[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/mediawriter-image.png
[10]: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/mate-linux-desktop
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/mediawriter-write.png (Media write)
[12]: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/first-linux-computer

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Try Linux on any computer with this bootable USB tool)
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/10/fedora-media-writer)
[#]: author: (Sumantro Mukherjee https://opensource.com/users/sumantro)
用这个可引导的 USB 工具在任何电脑上尝试 Linux
======
Fedora Media Writer 是创建 Live USB 以尝试 Linux 的方便的方法。
![Multiple USB plugs in different colors][1]
[Fedora Media Writer][2] 是一个小巧、轻量、全面的工具，它简化了 Linux 的入门体验。它将 Fedora Workstation 或 Server 下载并写入一个可以在任何系统上引导的 USB 驱动器，使你无需将其安装到硬盘上就可以试用 Fedora Linux。
Media Writer 工具可以用来创建一个实时的、可引导的 USB。在你的平台上安装 Fedora Media Writer 应用后，你可以下载并烧录最新的 Fedora Workstation 或 Server 稳定版，也可以选择你下载的任何其他镜像。而且它并不局限于英特尔 64 位设备。它还可以用于 ARM 设备，[如树莓派][3]，它们每天都在变得更加强大和有用。
![Fedora Media Writer main screen][4]
(Sumantro Mukherjee, [CC BY-SA 4.0][5])
### 安装 Fedora Media Writer
你有几种方式来[安装 Fedora Media Writer][6]。你可以在 GitHub 上[从源码编译][7]、下载 MacOS 或 Windows 版本、使用 **dnf** 或 **yum** 安装 RPM 包、或者以 Flatpak 的形式获得。
在 Fedora 上：
```
`$ sudo dnf install mediawriter`
```
最新版本请参见 GitHub 仓库的[发布][8]部分。
### 准备好你的媒体
首先，你需要一个 USB 驱动器来安装你的 Linux 操作系统。这就是 Fedora Media Writer 要烧录的东西。这个驱动器必须是空白或可擦除的，因为 **USB 驱动器上的所有数据都会被删除**。如果有任何数据，哪怕只是一个文件，如果你不想丢失，那么你必须在继续之前备份它！
确认你的 U 盘是可擦除的后，将它插入你的电脑并启动 Fedora Media Writer。
### 使用 Fedora Media Writer
当你启动 Fedora Media Writer 时，你会看到一个页面，提示你从互联网上获取一个可引导的镜像，或者从你的硬盘上加载一个自定义镜像。第一个选择是 Fedora 的最新版本。工作站版适用于台式机和笔记本电脑，服务器版适用于虚拟化、机架服务器或任何你想作为服务器运行的情况。
如果你选择了 Fedora 镜像，Media Writer 会下载一个光盘镜像（通常称为 ”iso“，文件扩展名为 **.iso**），并将其保存到你的 `Downloads` 文件夹中，这样你就可以重复使用它来烧录另一个驱动器。
![Select your image][9]
另外还有 Fedora Spins，这是来自 Fedora 社区的镜像，它旨在满足小众的兴趣。例如，如果你是 [MATE 桌面][10]的粉丝，那么你会很高兴地发现 Media Writer 提供的 MATE ”spin“。它有很多选择，所以请滚动查看所有的。如果你是 Linux 的新手，不要被吓到或困惑：额外的选项是为长期用户准备的，这些用户除了默认的选项外，还发展出了自己的偏好，所以对你来说，只使用工作站或服务器选项是安全的，这取决于你是想把 Fedora 作为一个桌面还是作为一个服务器操作系统来运行。
如果你需要一个与你当前使用的 CPU 不同的镜像，从窗口右上角的下拉菜单中选择 CPU 架构。
如果你已经将镜像保存在硬盘上，请选择**自定义映像**选项，并选择你要烧录到 USB 的发行版的 **.iso** 文件。
### 写入 USB 驱动器
当你下载或选择了一个镜像，你必须确认你要将该镜像写入驱动器。
驱动器选择下拉菜单只显示外部驱动器，所以你不会意外地覆盖自己的硬盘驱动器。这是 Fedora Media Writer 的一个重要功能，它比你在网上看到的许多手动说明要安全得多。然而，如果你的计算机上连接了多个外部驱动器，除了你想覆盖的那个，你应该将它们全部移除，以增加安全性。
选择你要安装镜像的驱动器，然后单击**写入磁盘**按钮。
![Media write][11]
 
等一会儿镜像被写入你的驱动器，然后查看 Don Watkins 对[如何从 USB 驱动器启动到 Linux][12]的出色概述 。
### 开始使用 Linux
Fedora Media Writer 是一种将 Fedora Workstation 或 Server，或任何 Linux 发行版烧录到 USB 驱动器的方法，因此你可以在设备安装它之前试用它。试试吧，并在评论中分享你的经验和问题。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/20/10/fedora-media-writer
作者：[Sumantro Mukherjee][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/sumantro
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/usb-hardware.png?itok=ROPtNZ5V (Multiple USB plugs in different colors)
[2]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter
[3]: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/ARM/Raspberry_Pi
[4]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/fmw_mainscreen.png (Fedora Media Writer main screen)
[5]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
[6]: https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/f32/install-guide/install/Preparing_for_Installation/#_fedora_media_writer
[7]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter#building
[8]: https://github.com/FedoraQt/MediaWriter/releases
[9]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/mediawriter-image.png
[10]: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/mate-linux-desktop
[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/mediawriter-write.png (Media write)
[12]: https://opensource.com/article/20/4/first-linux-computer