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Translated sources/tech/20151027 How to Use SSHfs to Mount a Remote Filesystem on Linux.md
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ictlyh Translating
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How to Use SSHfs to Mount a Remote Filesystem on Linux
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================================================================================
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Have you ever wanted to mount remote file systems locally over secure shell? If so, SSHfs may be just what you’re looking for. It makes use of SSH and Fuse to allow you to mount remote computers (or servers) locally.
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**Note**: this article assumes that you understand [how SSH works and that it is already set up on your system][1].
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### Preparation ###
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Before SSHfs can be mounted, things must be set up – installing SSHfs, as well as installing the fuse package to your system. You’ll also need to create a group for fuse, add your user to said group and create the folder where the remote file system will reside.
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To install the packages on your Ubuntu Linux installation, just enter this command into a terminal window:
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sudo apt-get install sshfs fuse
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If you’re not using Ubuntu, just search for the package names in your distribution’s package manager. It would be best to just search for terms relating to fuse or SSHfs, since the package could be named slightly different depending on what you’re running.
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After installing the packages to your system, it’s time to create the fuse group. When you install fuse, a group should be created on your system. If this isn’t the case, enter this command into a terminal window to create it on your Linux installation:
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sudo groupadd fuse
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After the group has been added, add your user to it.
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sudo gpasswd -a "$USER" fuse
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Don’t worry about `$USER` in the command above. The shell will replace it with your own username automatically. Now that the group stuff is taken care of, it’s time to create the folder where the the remote files will mount to.
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mkdir ~/remote_folder
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With the local folder created on your computer, your remote file system is now set up to be mounted over SSHfs.
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### Mounting the remote file system ###
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To mount your remote file system to your machine, you’ll need to enter a lengthy command into your terminal window.
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sshfs -o idmap=user username@ip.address:/remote/file/system/ ~/remote
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**Note**: It is also possible to mount your SSHfs file system with an SSH keyfile. Just replace the `sshfs -o idmap=user` part of the command above with `sshfs -o IdentityFile=~/.ssh/keyfile`, and you’ll be good to go.
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When this command has been entered, you’ll be prompted to enter the remote user’s password. If the login is successful, your remote file system will be mounted in the `~/remote_folder` directory that was created earlier.
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Done with your remote file system and want to un-mount it? It’s easy? Just enter this command into the terminal:
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sudo umount ~/remote_folder
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This simple command will disconnect your remote connection as well as empty out your remote folder.
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### Conclusion ###
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There are many tools for accessing remote files to mount locally on Linux. With that being said, few, if any, take advantage of the powerful feature-set that SSH has. I hope that with the help of this tutorial, you, too, will learn just how powerful of a tool SSHfs can be.
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What are your thoughts on SSHfs? Let us know in the comment section below!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/sshfs-mount-remote-filesystem-linux/
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作者：[Derrik Diener][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/author/derrikdiener/
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[1]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/setup-ssh-ubuntu/
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如何在 Linux 上使用 SSHfs 挂载一个远程文件系统
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================================================================================
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你有想通过安全 shell 挂载一个远程文件系统到本地的经历吗？如果有的话，SSHfs 也许就是你所需要的。它通过使用 SSH 和 Fuse（LCTT 译注：Filesystem in Userspace，用户态文件系统，是 Linux 中用于挂载某些网络空间，如 SSH，到本地文件系统的模块） 允许你挂载远程计算机（或者服务器）到本地。
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**注意**： 这篇文章假设你明白[SSH 如何工作并在你的系统中配置 SSH][1]。
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### 准备 ###
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在使用 SSHfs 挂载之前，需要进行一些设置 - 在你的系统上安装 SSHfs 以及 fuse 软件包。你还需要为 fuse 创建一个组，添加用户到组，并创建远程文件系统将会驻留的目录。
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要在 Ubuntu Linux 上安装两个软件包，只需要在终端窗口输入以下命令：
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sudo apt-get install sshfs fuse
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如果你使用的不是 Ubuntu，那就在你的发行版软件包管理器中搜索软件包名称。最好搜索和 fuse 或 SSHfs 相关的关键字，因为取决于你运行的系统，软件包名称可能稍微有些不同。
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在你的系统上安装完软件包之后，就该创建 fuse 组了。在你安装 fuse 的时候，应该会在你的系统上创建一个组。如果没有的话，在终端窗口中输入以下命令以便在你的 Linux 系统中创建组：
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sudo groupadd fuse
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添加了组之后，把你的用户添加到这个组。
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sudo gpasswd -a "$USER" fuse
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别担心上面命令的 `$USER`。shell 会自动用你自己的用户名替换。处理了和组相关的事之后，就是时候创建要挂载远程文件的目录了。
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mkdir ~/remote_folder
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在你的系统上创建了本地目录之后，就可以通过 SSHfs 挂载远程文件系统了。
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### 挂载远程文件系统 ###
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要在你的机器上挂载远程文件系统，你需要在终端窗口中输入一段较长的命令。
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sshfs -o idmap=user username@ip.address:/remote/file/system/ ~/remote
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**注意**： 也可以通过 SSH 密钥文件挂载 SSHfs 文件系统。只需要在上面的命中用 `sshfs -o IdentityFile=~/.ssh/keyfile`, 替换 `sshfs -o idmap=user` 部分。
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输入这个命令之后，会提示你输入远程用户的密码。如果登录成功了，你的远程文件系统就会被挂载到之前创建的 `~/remote_folder` 目录。
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使用完了你的远程文件系统，想要卸载它？容易吗？只需要在终端输入下面的命令：
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sudo umount ~/remote_folder
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这个简单的命令会断开远程连接同时清空 remote_folder 目录。
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### 总结 ###
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在 Linux 上有很多工具可以用于访问远程文件并挂载到本地。如之前所说，如果有的话，也只有很少的工具能充分利用 SSH 的强大功能。我希望在这篇指南的帮助下，也能认识到 SSHfs 是一个多么强大的工具。
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你觉得 SSHfs 怎么样呢？在线的评论框里告诉我们吧！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/sshfs-mount-remote-filesystem-linux/
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作者：[Derrik Diener][a]
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译者：[ictlyh](http://mutouxiaogui.cn/blog/)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/author/derrikdiener/
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[1]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/setup-ssh-ubuntu/
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