From a5ee878da3a4aaa9d2915cb8f52c077de6e91f25 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Xingyu Wang Date: Sat, 25 Jan 2020 22:07:02 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] PRF @robsean --- ...game player to run forward and backward.md | 714 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 353 insertions(+), 361 deletions(-) diff --git a/translated/tech/20191211 Enable your Python game player to run forward and backward.md b/translated/tech/20191211 Enable your Python game player to run forward and backward.md index e55d24d051..4efa93bd21 100644 --- a/translated/tech/20191211 Enable your Python game player to run forward and backward.md +++ b/translated/tech/20191211 Enable your Python game player to run forward and backward.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ [#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (robsean) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: reviewer: (wxy) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) [#]: subject: (Enable your Python game player to run forward and backward) @@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ 使你的 Python 游戏玩家能够向前和向后跑 ====== -使用 Pygame 模块来使你的 Python 平台开启侧滚效果，来让你的玩家自由奔跑。 -![Gaming artifacts with joystick, GameBoy, paddle][1] +> 使用 Pygame 模块来使你的 Python 平台开启侧滚效果，来让你的玩家自由奔跑。 + +![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202001/25/220636x5mabbl47xvtsk55.jpg) -这是仍在进行中的关于使用 Pygame 模块来在 Python 3 中在创建电脑游戏的第八部分。先前的文章是： +这是仍在进行中的关于使用 Pygame 模块来在 Python 3 中在创建电脑游戏的第九部分。先前的文章是： * [通过构建一个简单的掷骰子游戏去学习怎么用 Python 编程][2] * [使用 Python 和 Pygame 模块构建一个游戏框架][3] @@ -23,9 +24,7 @@ * [在你的 Python 游戏中模拟引力][7] * [为你的 Python 平台类游戏添加跳跃功能][8] - - -在这一系列关于使用 [Pygame][10] 模块来在 [Python 3][9]中创建电脑游戏的先前条目中，你已经设计了你的层设计布局，但是你的层的一些部分可能已近超出你的可视屏幕。在平台类游戏中，这个问题的普遍解决方案是，像术语"侧滚动"表明的一样，滚动。 +在这一系列关于使用 [Pygame][10] 模块来在 [Python 3][9] 中创建电脑游戏的先前文章中，你已经设计了你的关卡设计布局，但是你的关卡的一些部分可能已近超出你的屏幕的可视区域。在平台类游戏中，这个问题的普遍解决方案是，像术语“侧滚side-scroller”表明的一样，滚动。 滚动的关键是当玩家精灵接近屏的幕边缘时，使在玩家精灵周围的平台移动。这样给予一种错觉，屏幕是一个在游戏世界中穿梭追拍的"摄像机"。 @@ -33,8 +32,7 @@ ### 在侧滚动条中放置卷轴 -如果你希望你的玩家能够后退，你需要一个触发点来向前和向后。这两个点仅仅是两个变量。设置它们各个距各个屏幕边缘大约 100 或 200 像素。在你的 **setup** 部分中创建变量。在下面的代码中，前两行用于背景说明，所以仅需要添加这行后的代码： - +如果你希望你的玩家能够后退，你需要一个触发点来向前和向后。这两个点仅仅是两个变量。设置它们各个距各个屏幕边缘大约 100 或 200 像素。在你的设置部分中创建变量。在下面的代码中，前两行用于上下文说明，所以仅需要添加这行后的代码： ``` player_list.add(player) @@ -43,8 +41,7 @@ forwardX  = 600 backwardX = 230 ``` -在主循环中，查看你的玩家精灵是否在 **前进** 或 **后退** 滚动点处。如果是这样，向左或向右移动使用的平台，取决于世界是向前或向后移动。在下面的代码中，代码的最后三行仅供你参考： - +在主循环中，查看你的玩家精灵是否在 `forwardx` 或 `backwardx` 滚动点处。如果是这样，向左或向右移动使用的平台，取决于世界是向前或向后移动。在下面的代码中，代码的最后三行仅供你参考： ```         # scroll the world forward @@ -71,16 +68,13 @@ backwardX = 230 ![Scrolling the world in Pygame][11] -滚动工作像预期的一样，但是你可能注意到一个发生的小问题，当你滚动你的玩家和非玩家精灵周围的世界时：敌人精灵不随同世界滚动。除非你愿意。 - -你的敌人精灵要无休止地追逐你的玩家，你需要修改敌人代码，以便当你的玩家快速撤退时，敌人被留在hz后面。 +滚动像预期的一样工作，但是你可能注意到一个发生的小问题，当你滚动你的玩家和非玩家精灵周围的世界时：敌人精灵不随同世界滚动。除非你要你的敌人精灵要无休止地追逐你的玩家，你需要修改敌人代码，以便当你的玩家快速撤退时，敌人被留在后面。 ### 敌人卷轴 -在你的主循环中，你必需为你的敌人的位置的卷轴平台应用相同的规则。因为你的游戏世界将(很可能)有不止一个敌人在其中，该规则被应用于你的敌人列表，而不是一个单独的敌人精灵。 这是分组类似元素到列表中的优点之一。 - -前两行用于背景注释，所以只需添加这两行后面的代码到你的主循环中： +在你的主循环中，你必须对卷轴平台为你的敌人的位置的应用相同的规则。因为你的游戏世界将（很可能）有不止一个敌人在其中，该规则应该被应用于你的敌人列表，而不是一个单独的敌人精灵。这是分组类似元素到列表中的优点之一。 +前两行用于上下文注释，所以只需添加这两行后面的代码到你的主循环中： ```     # scroll the world forward @@ -95,7 +89,6 @@ backwardX = 230 来滚向另一个方向： - ```     # scroll the world backward     if player.rect.x <= backwardx: @@ -111,341 +104,340 @@ backwardX = 230 这里是到目前为止你已经为这个 Python 平台所写所有的代码： - ``` -#!/usr/bin/env python3 -# draw a world -# add a player and player control -# add player movement -# add enemy and basic collision -# add platform -# add gravity -# add jumping -# add scrolling - -# GNU All-Permissive License -# Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, -# are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright -# notice and this notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is, -# without any warranty. - -import pygame -import sys -import os - -''' -Objects -''' - -class Platform(pygame.sprite.Sprite): -    # x location, y location, img width, img height, img file     -    def __init__(self,xloc,yloc,imgw,imgh,img): -        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) -        self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img)).convert() -        self.image.convert_alpha() -        self.rect = self.image.get_rect() -        self.rect.y = yloc -        self.rect.x = xloc - -class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): -    ''' -    Spawn a player -    ''' -    def __init__(self): -        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) -        self.movex = 0 -        self.movey = 0 -        self.frame = 0 -        self.health = 10 -        self.collide_delta = 0 -        self.jump_delta = 6 -        self.score = 1 -        self.images = [] -        for i in range(1,9): -            img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert() -            img.convert_alpha() -            img.set_colorkey(ALPHA) -            self.images.append(img) -            self.image = self.images[0] -            self.rect  = self.image.get_rect() - -    def jump(self,platform_list): -        self.jump_delta = 0 - -    def gravity(self): -        self.movey += 3.2 # how fast player falls -        -        if self.rect.y > worldy and self.movey >= 0: -            self.movey = 0 -            self.rect.y = worldy-ty -        -    def control(self,x,y): -        ''' -        control player movement -        ''' -        self.movex += x -        self.movey += y -        -    def update(self): -        ''' -        Update sprite position -        ''' -        -        self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.movex -        self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.movey - -        # moving left -        if self.movex < 0: -            self.frame += 1 -            if self.frame > ani*3: -                self.frame = 0 -            self.image = self.images[self.frame//ani] - -        # moving right -        if self.movex > 0: -            self.frame += 1 -            if self.frame > ani*3: -                self.frame = 0 -            self.image = self.images[(self.frame//ani)+4] - -        # collisions -        enemy_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, enemy_list, False) -        for enemy in enemy_hit_list: -            self.health -= 1 -            #print(self.health) - -        plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False) -        for p in plat_hit_list: -            self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping -            self.movey = 0 -            if self.rect.y > p.rect.y: -                self.rect.y = p.rect.y+ty -            else: -                self.rect.y = p.rect.y-ty -            -        ground_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, ground_list, False) -        for g in ground_hit_list: -            self.movey = 0 -            self.rect.y = worldy-ty-ty -            self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping -            if self.rect.y > g.rect.y: -                self.health -=1 -                print(self.health) -                -        if self.collide_delta < 6 and self.jump_delta < 6: -            self.jump_delta = 6*2 -            self.movey -= 33  # how high to jump -            self.collide_delta += 6 -            self.jump_delta    += 6 -            -class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite): -    ''' -    Spawn an enemy -    ''' -    def __init__(self,x,y,img): -        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) -        self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img)) -        self.movey = 0 -        #self.image.convert_alpha() -        #self.image.set_colorkey(ALPHA) -        self.rect = self.image.get_rect() -        self.rect.x = x -        self.rect.y = y -        self.counter = 0 - -                -    def move(self): -        ''' -        enemy movement -        ''' -        distance = 80 -        speed = 8 - -        self.movey += 3.2 -        -        if self.counter >= 0 and self.counter <= distance: -            self.rect.x += speed -        elif self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2: -            self.rect.x -= speed -        else: -            self.counter = 0 -        -        self.counter += 1 - -        if not self.rect.y >= worldy-ty-ty: -            self.rect.y += self.movey - -        plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False) -        for p in plat_hit_list: -            self.movey = 0 -            if self.rect.y > p.rect.y: -                self.rect.y = p.rect.y+ty -            else: -                self.rect.y = p.rect.y-ty - -        ground_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, ground_list, False) -        for g in ground_hit_list: -            self.rect.y = worldy-ty-ty - -        -class Level(): -    def bad(lvl,eloc): -        if lvl == 1: -            enemy = Enemy(eloc[0],eloc[1],'yeti.png') # spawn enemy -            enemy_list = pygame.sprite.Group() # create enemy group -            enemy_list.add(enemy)              # add enemy to group -            -        if lvl == 2: -            print("Level " + str(lvl) ) - -        return enemy_list - -    def loot(lvl,lloc): -        print(lvl) - -    def ground(lvl,gloc,tx,ty): -        ground_list = pygame.sprite.Group() -        i=0 -        if lvl == 1: -            while i < len(gloc): -                ground = Platform(gloc[i],worldy-ty,tx,ty,'ground.png') -                ground_list.add(ground) -                i=i+1 - -        if lvl == 2: -            print("Level " + str(lvl) ) - -        return ground_list - -    def platform(lvl,tx,ty): -        plat_list = pygame.sprite.Group() -        ploc = [] -        i=0 -        if lvl == 1: -            ploc.append((0,worldy-ty-128,3)) -            ploc.append((300,worldy-ty-256,3)) -            ploc.append((500,worldy-ty-128,4)) - -            while i < len(ploc): -                j=0 -                while j <= ploc[i][2]: -                    plat = Platform((ploc[i][0]+(j*tx)),ploc[i][1],tx,ty,'ground.png') -                    plat_list.add(plat) -                    j=j+1 -                print('run' + str(i) + str(ploc[i])) -                i=i+1 - -        if lvl == 2: -            print("Level " + str(lvl) ) - -        return plat_list - -''' -Setup -''' -worldx = 960 -worldy = 720 - -fps = 40 # frame rate -ani = 4  # animation cycles -clock = pygame.time.Clock() -pygame.init() -main = True - -BLUE  = (25,25,200) -BLACK = (23,23,23 ) -WHITE = (254,254,254) -ALPHA = (0,255,0) - -world = pygame.display.set_mode([worldx,worldy]) -backdrop = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','stage.png')).convert() -backdropbox = world.get_rect() -player = Player() # spawn player -player.rect.x = 0 -player.rect.y = 0 -player_list = pygame.sprite.Group() -player_list.add(player) -steps = 10 -forwardx = 600 -backwardx = 230 - -eloc = [] -eloc = [200,20] -gloc = [] -#gloc = [0,630,64,630,128,630,192,630,256,630,320,630,384,630] -tx = 64 #tile size -ty = 64 #tile size - -i=0 -while i <= (worldx/tx)+tx: -    gloc.append(i*tx) -    i=i+1 - -enemy_list = Level.bad( 1, eloc ) -ground_list = Level.ground( 1,gloc,tx,ty ) -plat_list = Level.platform( 1,tx,ty ) - -''' -Main loop -''' -while main == True: -    for event in pygame.event.get(): -        if event.type == pygame.QUIT: -            pygame.quit(); sys.exit() -            main = False - -        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: -            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'): -                print("LEFT") -                player.control(-steps,0) -            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'): -                print("RIGHT") -                player.control(steps,0) -            if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'): -                print('jump') - -        if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: -            if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'): -                player.control(steps,0) -            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'): -                player.control(-steps,0) -            if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'): -                player.jump(plat_list) - -            if event.key == ord('q'): -                pygame.quit() -                sys.exit() -                main = False - -    # scroll the world forward -    if player.rect.x >= forwardx: -        scroll = player.rect.x - forwardx -        player.rect.x = forwardx -        for p in plat_list: -            p.rect.x -= scroll -        for e in enemy_list: -            e.rect.x -= scroll -                -    # scroll the world backward -    if player.rect.x <= backwardx: -        scroll = backwardx - player.rect.x -        player.rect.x = backwardx -        for p in plat_list: -            p.rect.x += scroll -        for e in enemy_list: -            e.rect.x += scroll - -    world.blit(backdrop, backdropbox) -    player.gravity() # check gravity -    player.update() -    player_list.draw(world) #refresh player position -    enemy_list.draw(world)  # refresh enemies -    ground_list.draw(world)  # refresh enemies -    plat_list.draw(world)   # refresh platforms -    for e in enemy_list: -        e.move() -    pygame.display.flip() -    clock.tick(fps) +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +# draw a world +# add a player and player control +# add player movement +# add enemy and basic collision +# add platform +# add gravity +# add jumping +# add scrolling + +# GNU All-Permissive License +# Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, +# are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright +# notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is, +# without any warranty. + +import pygame +import sys +import os + +''' +Objects +''' + +class Platform(pygame.sprite.Sprite): + # x location, y location, img width, img height, img file + def __init__(self,xloc,yloc,imgw,imgh,img): + pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) + self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img)).convert() + self.image.convert_alpha() + self.rect = self.image.get_rect() + self.rect.y = yloc + self.rect.x = xloc + +class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite): + ''' + Spawn a player + ''' + def __init__(self): + pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) + self.movex = 0 + self.movey = 0 + self.frame = 0 + self.health = 10 + self.collide_delta = 0 + self.jump_delta = 6 + self.score = 1 + self.images = [] + for i in range(1,9): + img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','hero' + str(i) + '.png')).convert() + img.convert_alpha() + img.set_colorkey(ALPHA) + self.images.append(img) + self.image = self.images[0] + self.rect = self.image.get_rect() + + def jump(self,platform_list): + self.jump_delta = 0 + + def gravity(self): + self.movey += 3.2 # how fast player falls + + if self.rect.y > worldy and self.movey >= 0: + self.movey = 0 + self.rect.y = worldy-ty + + def control(self,x,y): + ''' + control player movement + ''' + self.movex += x + self.movey += y + + def update(self): + ''' + Update sprite position + ''' + + self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.movex + self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.movey + + # moving left + if self.movex < 0: + self.frame += 1 + if self.frame > ani*3: + self.frame = 0 + self.image = self.images[self.frame//ani] + + # moving right + if self.movex > 0: + self.frame += 1 + if self.frame > ani*3: + self.frame = 0 + self.image = self.images[(self.frame//ani)+4] + + # collisions + enemy_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, enemy_list, False) + for enemy in enemy_hit_list: + self.health -= 1 + #print(self.health) + + plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False) + for p in plat_hit_list: + self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping + self.movey = 0 + if self.rect.y > p.rect.y: + self.rect.y = p.rect.y+ty + else: + self.rect.y = p.rect.y-ty + + ground_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, ground_list, False) + for g in ground_hit_list: + self.movey = 0 + self.rect.y = worldy-ty-ty + self.collide_delta = 0 # stop jumping + if self.rect.y > g.rect.y: + self.health -=1 + print(self.health) + + if self.collide_delta < 6 and self.jump_delta < 6: + self.jump_delta = 6*2 + self.movey -= 33 # how high to jump + self.collide_delta += 6 + self.jump_delta += 6 + +class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite): + ''' + Spawn an enemy + ''' + def __init__(self,x,y,img): + pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self) + self.image = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images',img)) + self.movey = 0 + #self.image.convert_alpha() + #self.image.set_colorkey(ALPHA) + self.rect = self.image.get_rect() + self.rect.x = x + self.rect.y = y + self.counter = 0 + + + def move(self): + ''' + enemy movement + ''' + distance = 80 + speed = 8 + + self.movey += 3.2 + + if self.counter >= 0 and self.counter <= distance: + self.rect.x += speed + elif self.counter >= distance and self.counter <= distance*2: + self.rect.x -= speed + else: + self.counter = 0 + + self.counter += 1 + + if not self.rect.y >= worldy-ty-ty: + self.rect.y += self.movey + + plat_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, plat_list, False) + for p in plat_hit_list: + self.movey = 0 + if self.rect.y > p.rect.y: + self.rect.y = p.rect.y+ty + else: + self.rect.y = p.rect.y-ty + + ground_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, ground_list, False) + for g in ground_hit_list: + self.rect.y = worldy-ty-ty + + +class Level(): + def bad(lvl,eloc): + if lvl == 1: + enemy = Enemy(eloc[0],eloc[1],'yeti.png') # spawn enemy + enemy_list = pygame.sprite.Group() # create enemy group + enemy_list.add(enemy) # add enemy to group + + if lvl == 2: + print("Level " + str(lvl) ) + + return enemy_list + + def loot(lvl,lloc): + print(lvl) + + def ground(lvl,gloc,tx,ty): + ground_list = pygame.sprite.Group() + i=0 + if lvl == 1: + while i < len(gloc): + ground = Platform(gloc[i],worldy-ty,tx,ty,'ground.png') + ground_list.add(ground) + i=i+1 + + if lvl == 2: + print("Level " + str(lvl) ) + + return ground_list + + def platform(lvl,tx,ty): + plat_list = pygame.sprite.Group() + ploc = [] + i=0 + if lvl == 1: + ploc.append((0,worldy-ty-128,3)) + ploc.append((300,worldy-ty-256,3)) + ploc.append((500,worldy-ty-128,4)) + + while i < len(ploc): + j=0 + while j <= ploc[i][2]: + plat = Platform((ploc[i][0]+(j*tx)),ploc[i][1],tx,ty,'ground.png') + plat_list.add(plat) + j=j+1 + print('run' + str(i) + str(ploc[i])) + i=i+1 + + if lvl == 2: + print("Level " + str(lvl) ) + + return plat_list + +''' +Setup +''' +worldx = 960 +worldy = 720 + +fps = 40 # frame rate +ani = 4 # animation cycles +clock = pygame.time.Clock() +pygame.init() +main = True + +BLUE = (25,25,200) +BLACK = (23,23,23 ) +WHITE = (254,254,254) +ALPHA = (0,255,0) + +world = pygame.display.set_mode([worldx,worldy]) +backdrop = pygame.image.load(os.path.join('images','stage.png')).convert() +backdropbox = world.get_rect() +player = Player() # spawn player +player.rect.x = 0 +player.rect.y = 0 +player_list = pygame.sprite.Group() +player_list.add(player) +steps = 10 +forwardx = 600 +backwardx = 230 + +eloc = [] +eloc = [200,20] +gloc = [] +#gloc = [0,630,64,630,128,630,192,630,256,630,320,630,384,630] +tx = 64 #tile size +ty = 64 #tile size + +i=0 +while i <= (worldx/tx)+tx: + gloc.append(i*tx) + i=i+1 + +enemy_list = Level.bad( 1, eloc ) +ground_list = Level.ground( 1,gloc,tx,ty ) +plat_list = Level.platform( 1,tx,ty ) + +''' +Main loop +''' +while main == True: + for event in pygame.event.get(): + if event.type == pygame.QUIT: + pygame.quit(); sys.exit() + main = False + + if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: + if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'): + print("LEFT") + player.control(-steps,0) + if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'): + print("RIGHT") + player.control(steps,0) + if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'): + print('jump') + + if event.type == pygame.KEYUP: + if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == ord('a'): + player.control(steps,0) + if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key == ord('d'): + player.control(-steps,0) + if event.key == pygame.K_UP or event.key == ord('w'): + player.jump(plat_list) + + if event.key == ord('q'): + pygame.quit() + sys.exit() + main = False + + # scroll the world forward + if player.rect.x >= forwardx: + scroll = player.rect.x - forwardx + player.rect.x = forwardx + for p in plat_list: + p.rect.x -= scroll + for e in enemy_list: + e.rect.x -= scroll + + # scroll the world backward + if player.rect.x <= backwardx: + scroll = backwardx - player.rect.x + player.rect.x = backwardx + for p in plat_list: + p.rect.x += scroll + for e in enemy_list: + e.rect.x += scroll + + world.blit(backdrop, backdropbox) + player.gravity() # check gravity + player.update() + player_list.draw(world) #refresh player position + enemy_list.draw(world) # refresh enemies + ground_list.draw(world) # refresh enemies + plat_list.draw(world) # refresh platforms + for e in enemy_list: + e.move() + pygame.display.flip() + clock.tick(fps) ``` -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -455,21 +447,21 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/python-platformer-game-run 作者：[Seth Kenlon][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[robsean](https://github.com/robsean) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/open_gaming_games_roundup_news.png?itok=KM0ViL0f (Gaming artifacts with joystick, GameBoy, paddle) -[2]: https://opensource.com/article/17/10/python-101 -[3]: https://opensource.com/article/17/12/game-framework-python -[4]: https://opensource.com/article/17/12/game-python-add-a-player -[5]: https://opensource.com/article/17/12/game-python-moving-player -[6]: https://opensource.com/article/18/5/pygame-enemy -[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/11/simulate-gravity-python -[8]: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/jumping-python-platformer-game +[2]: https://linux.cn/article-9071-1.html +[3]: https://linux.cn/article-10850-1.html +[4]: https://linux.cn/article-10858-1.html +[5]: https://linux.cn/article-10874-1.html +[6]: https://linux.cn/article-10883-1.html +[7]: https://linux.cn/article-11780-1.html +[8]: https://linux.cn/article-11790-1.html [9]: https://www.python.org/ [10]: https://www.pygame.org/news [11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/pygame-scroll.jpg (Scrolling the world in Pygame) -[12]:https://opensource.com/article/18/7/put-platforms-python-game +[12]:https://linux.cn/article-10902-1.html