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完成翻译 20140919 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to create a MySQL database from the command line.md
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[su-kaiyao]翻译中
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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to create a MySQL database from the command line
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I have a MySQL server up and running somewhere. How can I create and populate a MySQL database from the command line?
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To create a MySQL database from the command line, you can use mysql CLI client. Here is a step-by-step procedure to create and populate a MySQL database using mysql client from the command line.
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### Step One: Install MySQL Client ###
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Of course you need to make sure that MySQL client program is installed. If not, you can install it as follows.
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On Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo apt-get install mysql-client
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On Fedora, CentOS or RHEL:
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$ sudo yum install mysql
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### Step Two: Log in to a MySQL Server ###
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To begin, first log in to your MySQL server as root with the following command:
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$ mysql -u root -h <mysql-server-ip-address> -p
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Note that to be able to log in to a remote MySQL server, you need to [enable remote access on the server][1]. If you are invoking mysql command on the same host where the MySQL server is running, you can omit "-h <mysql-server-ip-address>" as follows.
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$ mysql -u root -p
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You will be then asked for the password of the MySQL root user. If the authentication succeeds, the MySQL prompt will appear.
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### Step Three: Create a MySQL Database ###
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Before you start typing commands at the MySQL prompt, remember that each command must end with a semicolon (otherwise it will not execute). In addition, consider using uppercase letters for commands and lowercase letter for database objects. Note that this is not required but helpful for reading.
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Now, let's create a database named xmodulo_DB:
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS xmodulo_DB;
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### Step Four: Create a MySQL Table ###
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For a demonstration purpose, we will create a tabled called posts_tbl where we want to store the following information about posts:
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- Text of article
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- Author's first name
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- Author's last name
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- Whether the post is enabled (visible) or not
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- Date when article was posted
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This process is actually performed in two steps:
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First, select the database that we want to use:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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Then create a new table in the database:
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mysql> CREATE TABLE 'posts_tbl' (
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'post_id' INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
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'content' TEXT,
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'author_FirstName' VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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'author_LastName' VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL ,
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'isEnabled' TINYINT(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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'date' TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ,
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PRIMARY KEY ( 'post_id' )
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) TYPE = MYISAM;
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### Step Five: Create a User Account and Grant Permissions ###
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When it comes to accessing our newly created database and tables, it's a good idea to create a new user account, so it can access that database (and that database only) without full permissions to the whole MySQL server.
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You can create a new user, grant permissions and apply changes in two easy steps as follows:
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON xmodulo_DB.* TO 'new_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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where 'new_user' and 'new_password' refer to the new user account name and its password, respectively. This information will be stored in the mysql.user table, and the password will be encrypted.
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### Step Six: Testing ###
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Let's insert one dummy record to the posts_tbl table:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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mysql> INSERT INTO posts_tbl (content, author_FirstName, author_LastName)
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VALUES ('Hi! This is some dummy text.', 'Gabriel', 'Canepa');
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Then view all the records in posts_tbl table:
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mysql> SELECT * FROM posts_tbl;
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Note that MySQL automatically inserted the proper default values in the fields where we defined them earlier (e.g., 'isEnabled' and 'date').
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/create-mysql-database-command-line.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2012/06/how-to-allow-remote-access-to-mysql.html
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@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
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数据库常见问题答案--如何使用命令行创建一个MySQL数据库
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===
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> **问题**：在一个某处运行的MySQL服务器上，我该怎样通过命令行创建和安装一个MySQL数据库呢？
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为了能通过命令行创建一个MySQL数据库，你可以使用mysql命令行客户端。下面是通过mysql命令行客户端创建和安装MySQL的步骤。
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### 第一步：安装MySQL客户端 ###
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当然你得确保MySQL客户端已经安装完毕。如果没有的话，可以按照下面的方法。
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在Debian，Ubuntu 或者 Linux Mint上：
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$ sudo apt-get install mysql-client
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在Fedora，CentOS 或者 RHEL上：
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$ sudo apt-get install mysql
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### 第二步：登陆到MySQL服务器 ###
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首先，你需要使用root用户登陆进你的MySQL数据库，如下：
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$ mysql -u root -h <mysql-server-ip-address> -p
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请注意：为了能登进远程的MySQL服务器，你需要[开启服务器上的远程访问][1]，如果你想调用同一主机上的MySQL服务器，你可以省略 "-h <mysql-server-ip-address>" 参数
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$ mysql -u root -p
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你将需要输入MySQL服务器的密码，如果认证成功，MySQL提示将会出现。
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### 第三步：创建一个MySQL数据库 ###
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在MySQL提示中输入命令之前，请记住所有的命令都是以分号结束的(否则将不会执行)。另外，考虑输入命令的时候使用大些字母，输入数据库对象使用小写字母。但那不是必须的，只是方便你的阅读。
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现在，让我们创建一个叫做xmodulo_DB的数据库：
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS xmodulo_DB;
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### 第四步：创建一个数据库表 ###
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为了达到演示的目的，我们将会创建一个叫做posts_tbl的表，表里会存储关于文章的如下信息：
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- 文章的标题
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- 作者的第一个名字
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- 作者的最后一个名字
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- 文章可用或者不可用
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- 文章创建的日期
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这个过程分两步执行：
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首先，选择我们需要使用的数据库：
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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然后，在数据库中创建新表：
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mysql> CREATE TABLE 'posts_tbl' (
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'post_id' INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
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'content' TEXT,
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'author_FirstName' VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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'author_LastName' VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL ,
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'isEnabled' TINYINT(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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'date' TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ,
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PRIMARY KEY ( 'post_id' )
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) TYPE = MYISAM;
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### 第五步：创建一个用户，并授予权限 ###
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当涉及到访问我们新创的数据库和表的时候，创建一个新用户是一个很好的主意。这样做就可以让用户在没有整个MySQL服务器权限的情况下，去访问那个数据库(而且只能是那个数据库)
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你可以创建新用户，授予权限，并且使改变生效：
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON xmodulo_DB.* TO 'new_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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'new_user'和'new_password'分别指的是新的用户名和他的密码。这条信息将会被保存在mysql.user表中，而且密码会被加密。
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### 第六步：测试 ###
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让我们插入一个虚拟的记录到posts_tbl表：
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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mysql> INSERT INTO posts_tbl (content, author_FirstName, author_Las tName)
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VALUES ('Hi! This is some dummy text.', 'Gabriel', 'Canepa');
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然后查看posts_tbl表中的所有记录：
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mysql> SELECT * FROM posts_tbl;
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注意：MySQL会在我们先前定义的地方自动插入适当的默认值(比如，'isEnabled'和'date')。
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---
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/create-mysql-database-command-line.html
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译者：[su-kaiyao](https://github.com/su-kaiyao)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linu
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x中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2012/06/how-to-allow-remote-access-to-mysql.html
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