diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 02fc5a8227..26ea32fd81 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -49,93 +49,125 @@ LCTT的组成 * 2014/10/08 提升bazz2为Core Translators成员。 * 2014/11/04 提升zpl1025为Core Translators成员。 * 2014/12/25 提升runningwater为Core Translators成员。 +* 2015/04/19 发起 LFS-BOOK-7.7-systemd 项目。 活跃成员 ------------------------------- -目前活跃成员有： -- CORE [wxy](https://github.com/wxy), -- CORE [carolinewuyan](https://github.com/carolinewuyan), -- CORE [DeadFire](https://github.com/DeadFire), -- CORE [geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi), -- CORE [GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux), -- CORE [reinoir](https://github.com/reinoir), -- CORE [bazz2](https://github.com/bazz2), -- CORE [zpl1025](https://github.com/zpl1025), -- Senior [tinyeyeser](https://github.com/tinyeyeser), -- Senior [vito-L](https://github.com/vito-L), -- Senior [jasminepeng](https://github.com/jasminepeng), -- Senior [willqian](https://github.com/willqian), -- Senior [vizv](https://github.com/vizv), -- [runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater), -- [luoxcat](https://github.com/Luoxcat), -- [Vic020](https://github.com/Vic020), -- [KayGuoWhu](https://github.com/KayGuoWhu), -- [alim0x](https://github.com/alim0x), -- [ZTinoZ](https://github.com/ZTinoZ), -- [2q1w2007](https://github.com/2q1w2007), -- [flsf](https://github.com/flsf), -- [blueabysm](https://github.com/blueabysm), -- [barney-ro](https://github.com/barney-ro), -- [su-kaiyao](https://github.com/su-kaiyao), -- [crowner](https://github.com/crowner), -- [Linchenguang](https://github.com/Linchenguang), -- [Linux-pdz](https://github.com/Linux-pdz), -- [linuhap](https://github.com/linuhap), -- [yechunxiao19](https://github.com/yechunxiao19), -- [woodboow](https://github.com/woodboow), -- [SPccman](https://github.com/SPccman), -- [disylee](https://github.com/disylee), -- [cvsher](https://github.com/cvsher), -- [ThomazL](https://github.com/ThomazL), -- [Stevearzh](https://github.com/Stevearzh), -- [felixonmars](https://github.com/felixonmars), -- [scusjs](https://github.com/scusjs), -- [johnhoow](https://github.com/johnhoow), -- [hyaocuk](https://github.com/hyaocuk), -- [MikeCoder](https://github.com/MikeCoder), -- [theo-l](https://github.com/theo-l), -- [wangjiezhe](https://github.com/wangjiezhe), -- [jiajia9linuxer](https://github.com/jiajia9linuxer), -- [NearTan](https://github.com/NearTan), -- [l3b2w1](https://github.com/l3b2w1), -- [shipsw](https://github.com/shipsw), -- [boredivan](https://github.com/boredivan), -- [Love-xuan](https://github.com/Love-xuan), -- [JonathanKang](https://github.com/JonathanKang), -- [luoyutiantang](https://github.com/luoyutiantang), -- [owen-carter](https://github.com/owen-carter), -- [icybreaker](https://github.com/icybreaker), -- [tenght](https://github.com/tenght), -- [rogetfan](https://github.com/rogetfan), -- [liuaiping](https://github.com/liuaiping), -- [nd0104](https://github.com/nd0104), -- [szrlee](https://github.com/szrlee), -- [lfzark](https://github.com/lfzark), -- [ggaaooppeenngg](https://github.com/ggaaooppeenngg), -- [CNprober](https://github.com/CNprober), -- [coloka](https://github.com/coloka), -- [213edu](https://github.com/213edu), -- [guodongxiaren](https://github.com/guodongxiaren), -- [Tanete](https://github.com/Tanete), -- [zzlyzq](https://github.com/zzlyzq), -- [yujianxuechuan](https://github.com/yujianxuechuan), -- [ailurus1991](https://github.com/ailurus1991), -- [FineFan](https://github.com/FineFan), -- [shaohaolin](https://github.com/shaohaolin), -- [tomatoKiller](https://github.com/tomatoKiller), -- [CHINAANSHE](https://github.com/CHINAANSHE), -- [stduolc](https://github.com/stduolc), -- [Maclauring](https://github.com/Maclauring), -- [Hao-Ding](https://github.com/Hao-Ding), -- [zsJacky](https://github.com/zsJacky), -- [small-Wood](https://github.com/small-Wood), -- [cereuz](https://github.com/cereuz), -- [lijhg](https://github.com/lijhg), -- [fbigun](https://github.com/fbigun), +目前 TP 活跃成员有： +- CORE @wxy, +- CORE @carolinewuyan, +- CORE @DeadFire, +- CORE @geekpi, +- CORE @GOLinux, +- CORE @reinoir, +- CORE @bazz2, +- CORE @zpl1025, +- Senior @tinyeyeser, +- Senior @vito-L, +- Senior @jasminepeng, +- Senior @willqian, +- Senior @vizv, +- @ZTinoZ, +- @Vic020, +- @runningwater, +- @KayGuoWhu, +- @luoxcat, +- @alim0x, +- @2q1w2007, +- @theo-l, +- @ictlyh, +- @FSSlc, +- @su-kaiyao, +- @blueabysm, +- @flsf, +- @martin2011qi, +- @SPccman, +- @wi-cuckoo, +- @Linchenguang, +- @linuhap, +- @crowner, +- @Linux-pdz, +- @H-mudcup, +- @yechunxiao19, +- @woodboow, +- @Stevearzh, +- @disylee, +- @cvsher, +- @wwy-hust, +- @johnhoow, +- @felixonmars, +- @TxmszLou, +- @shipsw, +- @scusjs, +- @wangjiezhe, +- @hyaocuk, +- @MikeCoder, +- @ZhouJ-sh, +- @boredivan, +- @goreliu, +- @l3b2w1, +- @JonathanKang, +- @NearTan, +- @jiajia9linuxer, +- @Love-xuan, +- @coloka, +- @owen-carter, +- @luoyutiantang, +- @JeffDing, +- @icybreaker, +- @tenght, +- @liuaiping, +- @mtunique, +- @rogetfan, +- @nd0104, +- @mr-ping, +- @szrlee, +- @lfzark, +- @CNprober, +- @DongShuaike, +- @ggaaooppeenngg, +- @haimingfg, +- @213edu, +- @Tanete, +- @guodongxiaren, +- @zzlyzq, +- @FineFan, +- @yujianxuechuan, +- @Medusar, +- @shaohaolin, +- @ailurus1991, +- @liaoishere, +- @CHINAANSHE, +- @stduolc, +- @yupmoon, +- @tomatoKiller, +- @zhangboyue, +- @kingname, +- @KevinSJ, +- @zsJacky, +- @willqian, +- @Hao-Ding, +- @JygjHappy, +- @Maclauring, +- @small-Wood, +- @cereuz, +- @fbigun, +- @lijhg, +- @soooogreen, -（更新于2014/12/02，以Github contributors列表排名） +LFS 项目活跃成员有： + +- @ictlyh +- @dongfengweixiao +- @wxy +- @H-mudcup +- @zpl1025 +- @KevinSJ +- @Yuking-net + +（更新于2015/05/31，以Github contributors列表排名） 谢谢大家的支持！ diff --git a/published/20140804 Group Test--Linux Text Editors.md b/published/201505/20140804 Group Test--Linux Text Editors.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20140804 Group Test--Linux Text Editors.md rename to published/201505/20140804 Group Test--Linux Text Editors.md diff --git a/published/20150108 Interface (NICs) Bonding in Linux using nmcli.md b/published/201505/20150108 Interface (NICs) Bonding in Linux using nmcli.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150108 Interface (NICs) Bonding in Linux using nmcli.md rename to published/201505/20150108 Interface (NICs) Bonding in Linux using nmcli.md diff --git a/published/20150112 What are useful command-line network monitors on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150112 What are useful command-line network monitors on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150112 What are useful command-line network monitors on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150112 What are useful command-line network monitors on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150119 Unity Greeter Badges Brings Missing Session Icons to Ubuntu Login Screen.md b/published/201505/20150119 Unity Greeter Badges Brings Missing Session Icons to Ubuntu Login Screen.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150119 Unity Greeter Badges Brings Missing Session Icons to Ubuntu Login Screen.md rename to published/201505/20150119 Unity Greeter Badges Brings Missing Session Icons to Ubuntu Login Screen.md diff --git a/published/20150123 How to make a file immutable on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150123 How to make a file immutable on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150123 How to make a file immutable on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150123 How to make a file immutable on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150124 Why does C++ promote an int to a float when a float cannot represent all int values.md b/published/201505/20150124 Why does C++ promote an int to a float when a float cannot represent all int values.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150124 Why does C++ promote an int to a float when a float cannot represent all int values.md rename to published/201505/20150124 Why does C++ promote an int to a float when a float cannot represent all int values.md diff --git a/published/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md b/published/201505/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md rename to published/201505/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md diff --git a/published/20150128 Docker-2 Setting up a private Docker registry.md b/published/201505/20150128 Docker-2 Setting up a private Docker registry.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150128 Docker-2 Setting up a private Docker registry.md rename to published/201505/20150128 Docker-2 Setting up a private Docker registry.md diff --git a/published/20150128 Docker-3 Automated Docker-based Rails deployments.md b/published/201505/20150128 Docker-3 Automated Docker-based Rails deployments.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150128 Docker-3 Automated Docker-based Rails deployments.md rename to published/201505/20150128 Docker-3 Automated Docker-based Rails deployments.md diff --git a/published/20150205 Inxi--Find System And Hardware Information On Linux.md b/published/201505/20150205 Inxi--Find System And Hardware Information On Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150205 Inxi--Find System And Hardware Information On Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150205 Inxi--Find System And Hardware Information On Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150205 zBackup--A versatile deduplicating backup tool.md b/published/201505/20150205 zBackup--A versatile deduplicating backup tool.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150205 zBackup--A versatile deduplicating backup tool.md rename to published/201505/20150205 zBackup--A versatile deduplicating backup tool.md diff --git a/published/20150211 25 Tips for Intermediate Git Users.md b/published/201505/20150211 25 Tips for Intermediate Git Users.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150211 25 Tips for Intermediate Git Users.md rename to published/201505/20150211 25 Tips for Intermediate Git Users.md diff --git a/published/20150211 Install Linux-Dash (Web Based Monitoring tool) on Ubntu 14.10.md b/published/201505/20150211 Install Linux-Dash (Web Based Monitoring tool) on Ubntu 14.10.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150211 Install Linux-Dash (Web Based Monitoring tool) on Ubntu 14.10.md rename to published/201505/20150211 Install Linux-Dash (Web Based Monitoring tool) on Ubntu 14.10.md diff --git a/published/20150225 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to disable IPv6 on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150225 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to disable IPv6 on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150225 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to disable IPv6 on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150225 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to disable IPv6 on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150227 Bringing a Bunch of Best Known Linux Network Tools.md b/published/201505/20150227 Bringing a Bunch of Best Known Linux Network Tools.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150227 Bringing a Bunch of Best Known Linux Network Tools.md rename to published/201505/20150227 Bringing a Bunch of Best Known Linux Network Tools.md diff --git a/translated/tech/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md b/published/201505/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md similarity index 79% rename from translated/tech/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md rename to published/201505/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md index 4995eec9d1..4776f5c10d 100644 --- a/translated/tech/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md +++ b/published/201505/20150227 Enjoy Android Apps on Ubuntu using ARChon Runtime.md @@ -1,18 +1,19 @@ -使用ARChon环境在Ubuntu上运行Android应用 +使用 ARChon 运行时环境在 Ubuntu 上运行 Android 应用 ================================================================================ -在此之前，我们尝试过在多款安卓应用模拟器工具上运行安卓应用，比如Genymotion、VirtualBox和Android SDK等。但是，有了这套全新的Chrome安卓运行环境，就可以在Chrome浏览器中运行安卓应用了。所以，下面是一些步骤来指导如何使用ARChon运行环境在Ubuntu上安装安卓应用。 -谷歌已经公布了[首批支持原生运行在Chrome OS的安卓应用][1]，而使用一个全新的“**安卓运行环境**”扩展程序使其成为可能。如今，一位名为Vlad Filippov的开发者已经找到了一种把安卓应用移植到桌面端Chrome浏览器的方法。他把chromeos-apk脚本和ARChon安卓运行环境扩展程序两者紧密结合在一起，使得安卓应用可以运行在Windows、Max和Linux系统的桌面端Chrome浏览器中。 +在此之前，我们尝试过在多款安卓应用模拟器工具上运行安卓应用，比如Genymotion、VirtualBox和Android SDK等。但是，有了这套全新的Chrome安卓运行环境，就可以在Chrome浏览器中运行安卓应用了。所以，下面是一些步骤来指导你如何使用ARChon运行时环境在Ubuntu上安装安卓应用。 -应用借助这种运行环境时的性能并不是很好。同样，由于它是官方运行环境的非官方二次开发包，而且运行在Google的Chrome OS之外，因此一些如webcam和speaker等系统集成工具可能需要通过打补丁获得或者根本就没有。 +谷歌已经公布了[首批支持原生运行在Chrome OS的安卓应用][1]，而这个全新的“**安卓运行时环境**”扩展程序使其成为可能。如今，一位名为Vlad Filippov的开发者已经找到了一种把安卓应用移植到桌面端Chrome浏览器的方法。他把chromeos-apk脚本和ARChon安卓运行环境扩展程序两者紧密结合在一起，使得安卓应用可以运行在Windows、Max和Linux系统的桌面端Chrome浏览器中。 + +应用借助这种运行环境时的性能并不是很好。同样，由于它是官方运行环境的非官方二次开发包，而且运行在Google的Chrome OS之外，因此一些如摄像头和喇叭等系统内置设备可能需要通过打补丁获得或者根本不支持。 ### 安装Chrome ### 首先，需要在机器上安装Chrome，版本要求是Chrome 37或者更高。可以从[Chrome浏览器的下载页面][2]下载。 -如果打算安装Dev Channel版本，按照如下操作。 +如果打算安装开发通道版本，按照如下操作。 -首先，使用这个命令为Google Chrome添加软件源列表： +使用这个命令为Google Chrome添加软件源列表： $ wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | sudo apt-key add - $ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list' @@ -23,7 +24,8 @@ $ sudo apt-get update -现在，就可以安装非稳定版的google chrome，即开发版。 +现在，就可以安装非稳定版的google chrome，即开发版： + $ sudo apt-get install google-chrome-unstable ![Installing Google chrome unstable](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/installing-google-chrome-unstable.png) @@ -34,11 +36,11 @@ **32位** Ubntu发行版： -- [Download Archron for 32-bit Ubuntu][3] +- [下载 32 位版 Ubuntu 上的 Archron][3] **64位** Ubntu发行版： -- [Download Archron for 64-bit Ubuntu][4] +- [下载 64 位版 Ubuntu 上的 Archron][4] 下载好运行环境安装包后，从.zip文件中解压，并将解压得到的目录移动到Home目录。操作命令如下： @@ -48,11 +50,11 @@ $ unzip ARChon-v1.1-x86_32.zip ~/ -接下来是安装运行时环境，首先打开Google Chrome浏览器，在地址栏键入**chrome://extensions**。然后，选中“**开发者模式**”。最后，点击“**载入未打包扩展程序**”,选择刚才放置在**~/Home**下面的文件夹。 +接下来是安装运行时环境，首先打开Google Chrome浏览器，在地址栏键入**chrome://extensions**。然后，选中“**开发者模式**”。最后，点击“**载入未打包扩展程序**”，选择刚才放置在**~/Home**下面的文件夹。 ### 安装 ChromeOS-APK ### -如果要用到上面提到的应用，那么手动转换这些APKs无需复杂的操作——只需要安装“[chromeos-apk][5]”命令行JavaScript工具。可以在Node Package Modules（npm）管理器中安装它。为了安装npm和chromeos-apk，在shell或终端中运行下面命令： +如果要用到上面提到的那些应用，那么手动转换这些APK无需复杂的操作——只需要安装“[chromeos-apk][5]”命令行JavaScript工具。可以在Node Package Modules（npm）管理器中安装它。为了安装npm和chromeos-apk，在shell或终端中运行下面命令： $ sudo apt-get install npm nodejs nodejs-legacy @@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ ### 运行安卓Apk ### -最后，打开chrome浏览器，然后进入chrome://extensions页面，勾选开发者模式。点击“载入未打包扩展程序”按钮，选择文件夹载入刚创建的脚本。 +最后，打开chrome浏览器，然后进入chrome://extensions页面，勾选开发者模式。点击“载入未打包扩展程序”按钮，选择上面脚本刚创建的文件夹。 至此，就可以打开Chrome应用启动器运行安卓应用了。 @@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ via: http://linoxide.com/ubuntu-how-to/android-apps-ubuntu-archon-runtime/ 作者：[Arun Pyasi][a] 译者：[KayGuoWhu](https://github.com/KayGuoWhu) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 diff --git a/published/20150227 How To Fix--Failed to fetch cdrom apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs.md b/published/201505/20150227 How To Fix--Failed to fetch cdrom apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150227 How To Fix--Failed to fetch cdrom apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs.md rename to published/201505/20150227 How To Fix--Failed to fetch cdrom apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs.md diff --git a/published/20150227 How to Install Lightweight Budgie v8 Desktop in Ubuntu 14.04.md b/published/201505/20150227 How to Install Lightweight Budgie v8 Desktop in Ubuntu 14.04.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150227 How to Install Lightweight Budgie v8 Desktop in Ubuntu 14.04.md rename to published/201505/20150227 How to Install Lightweight Budgie v8 Desktop in Ubuntu 14.04.md diff --git a/published/20150302 How to Limit the Network Bandwidth Used by Applications in a Linux System with Trickle.md b/published/201505/20150302 How to Limit the Network Bandwidth Used by Applications in a Linux System with Trickle.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150302 How to Limit the Network Bandwidth Used by Applications in a Linux System with Trickle.md rename to published/201505/20150302 How to Limit the Network Bandwidth Used by Applications in a Linux System with Trickle.md diff --git a/published/20150302 How to Manage KVM Virtual Environment using Commandline Tools in Linux.md b/published/201505/20150302 How to Manage KVM Virtual Environment using Commandline Tools in Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150302 How to Manage KVM Virtual Environment using Commandline Tools in Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150302 How to Manage KVM Virtual Environment using Commandline Tools in Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150304 Linux Basics--How To Fix 'E-- var cache apt archives subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1' In Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150304 Linux Basics--How To Fix 'E-- var cache apt archives subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1' In Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150304 Linux Basics--How To Fix 'E-- var cache apt archives subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1' In Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150304 Linux Basics--How To Fix 'E-- var cache apt archives subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 1' In Ubuntu.md diff --git a/published/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md b/published/201505/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md rename to published/201505/20150304 Monitoring Your Network And Servers With Observium.md diff --git a/published/20150304 Share Folders On Local Network Between Ubuntu And Windows.md b/published/201505/20150304 Share Folders On Local Network Between Ubuntu And Windows.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150304 Share Folders On Local Network Between Ubuntu And Windows.md rename to published/201505/20150304 Share Folders On Local Network Between Ubuntu And Windows.md diff --git a/published/20150306 How to Setup lftp--A Simple Command line FTP Program.md b/published/201505/20150306 How to Setup lftp--A Simple Command line FTP Program.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150306 How to Setup lftp--A Simple Command line FTP Program.md rename to published/201505/20150306 How to Setup lftp--A Simple Command line FTP Program.md diff --git a/published/20150309 List Of Free Windows SSH Client Tools To Connect To Your Linux Server .md b/published/201505/20150309 List Of Free Windows SSH Client Tools To Connect To Your Linux Server .md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150309 List Of Free Windows SSH Client Tools To Connect To Your Linux Server .md rename to published/201505/20150309 List Of Free Windows SSH Client Tools To Connect To Your Linux Server .md diff --git a/published/20150310 [Fixed] Keyboard And Mouse Freeze After Suspend In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md b/published/201505/20150310 [Fixed] Keyboard And Mouse Freeze After Suspend In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150310 [Fixed] Keyboard And Mouse Freeze After Suspend In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md rename to published/201505/20150310 [Fixed] Keyboard And Mouse Freeze After Suspend In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md diff --git a/published/20150316 5 Interesting Command Line Tips and Tricks in Linux--Part 1.md b/published/201505/20150316 5 Interesting Command Line Tips and Tricks in Linux--Part 1.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150316 5 Interesting Command Line Tips and Tricks in Linux--Part 1.md rename to published/201505/20150316 5 Interesting Command Line Tips and Tricks in Linux--Part 1.md diff --git a/published/20150316 How to access Gmail from the command line on Linux with Alpine.md b/published/201505/20150316 How to access Gmail from the command line on Linux with Alpine.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150316 How to access Gmail from the command line on Linux with Alpine.md rename to published/201505/20150316 How to access Gmail from the command line on Linux with Alpine.md diff --git a/published/20150316 Install Mate desktop in FreeBSD 10.1.md b/published/201505/20150316 Install Mate desktop in FreeBSD 10.1.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150316 Install Mate desktop in FreeBSD 10.1.md rename to published/201505/20150316 Install Mate desktop in FreeBSD 10.1.md diff --git a/published/20150316 Systemd Boot Process a Close Look in Linux.md b/published/201505/20150316 Systemd Boot Process a Close Look in Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150316 Systemd Boot Process a Close Look in Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150316 Systemd Boot Process a Close Look in Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150318 11 Linux Terminal Commands That Will Rock Your World.md b/published/201505/20150318 11 Linux Terminal Commands That Will Rock Your World.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150318 11 Linux Terminal Commands That Will Rock Your World.md rename to published/201505/20150318 11 Linux Terminal Commands That Will Rock Your World.md diff --git a/published/201505/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md b/published/201505/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e8e48ba76d --- /dev/null +++ b/published/201505/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ +如何在Fedora或CentOS上使用Samba共享文件夹 +================================================================================ +如今，无论在家里或者是办公场所，不同的电脑之间共享文件夹已不是什么新鲜事了。在这种趋势下，现代操作系统通过网络文件系统的方式使得电脑间数据的交换变得简单而透明。如果您工作的环境中既有微软的Windows又有Linux，那么，一个共享文件及目录的方式便是通过一个跨平台网络文件共享协议：SMB/CIFS。Windows原生的支持SMB/CIFS，Linux也通过开源的软件Samba实现了SMB/CIFS协议。 + +在这篇文章中，我们将展示**如何使用Samba共享文件夹**。我们使用的Linux平台是**Fedora或CentOS**。这篇文章分为四部分。首先，我们在Fedora/CentOS环境下安装Sambe。接着，我们讨论如何调整SELinux和防火墙配置以允许Samba的文件共享。最后我们介绍如何使用Samba来共享文件夹。 + +### 步骤1：在Fedora和CentOS上安装Samba ### + +首先，安装Samba以及进行一些基本的配置。 + +检验Samba是否已经安装在您的系统中： + + $ rpm -q samba samba-common samba-client + +如果上面的命令没有任何输出，这意味着Samba并未安装。这时，应使用下面的命令来安装Samba。 + + $ sudo yum install samba samba-common samba-client + +接下来，创建一个用于在网络中共享的本地文件夹。这个文件夹应该以Samba共享的方式导出到远程的用户。在这个指南中，我们会在顶层文件夹'/'中创建这个文件夹，因此，请确保您有相应的权限。 + + $ sudo mkdir /shared + +如果您想在您的home文件夹内创建共享文件夹（例如，~/shared），您必须激活SELinux中Samba的home文件夹共享选项，具体将在后面提到。 + +在创建/shared文件夹后，设置文件夹权限以保证其余用户可以访问它。 + + $ sudo chmod o+rw /shared + +如果您不想其他用户对该文件夹拥有写权限，您需要移除命令中的'w'选项。 + + $ sudo chmod o+r /shared + +接下来，创建一个空文件来测试。这个文件可以被用来验证Samba的共享已经被挂载。 + + $ sudo touch /shared/file1 + +### 步骤2：为Samba配置SELinux ### + +接下来，我们需要再次配置SELinux。在Fedora和CentOS发行版中SELinux是默认开启的。SELinux仅在正确的安全配置下才允许Samba读取和修改文件或文件夹。（例如，加上'samba_share_t'属性标签）。 + +下面的命令为文件的配置添加必要的标签： + + $ sudo semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t "(/.*)?" + +将替换为我们之前为Samba共享创建的本地文件夹（例如，/shared）： + + $ sudo semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t "/shared(/.*)?" + +我们必须执行restorecon命令来激活修改的标签，命令如下： + + $ sudo restorecon -R -v /shared + +![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8584/16652774078_2055f45f70_b.jpg) + +为了通过Samba共享在我们home文件夹内的文件夹，我们必须在SELinux中开启共享home文件夹的选项，该选项默认被关闭。下面的命令能达到该效果。如果您并未共享您的home文件夹，那么您可以跳过该步骤。 + + $ sudo setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs 1 + +### 步骤3：为Samba配置防火墙 ### + +下面的命令用来打开防火墙中Samba共享所需的TCP/UDP端口。 + +如果您在使用firewalld（例如，在Fedora和CentOS7下），接下来的命令将会永久的修改Samba相关的防火墙规则。 + + $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=samba + +如果您在防火墙中使用iptables（例如，CentOS6或者更早的版本），可以使用下面的命令来打开Samba必要的向外的端口。 + + $ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables + +---------- + + -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT + -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT + -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT + -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT + -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT + +然后重启iptables服务： + + $ sudo service iptables restart + +### 步骤4：更改Samba配置 ### + +后面的步骤用来配置Samba以将本地文件夹导出为Samba共享文件夹。 + +使用文件编辑器打开Samba配置文件，并将下面的行添加到文件的末尾。 + + $ sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf + +---------- + + [myshare] + comment=my shared files + path=/shared + public=yes + writeable=yes + +上面在括号内的文本（例如，"myshare"）是Samba共享的资源的名字，它被用来从远程主机存取Samba共享。 + +创建Samba用户帐户，这是挂载和导出Samba文件系统所必须的。我们可以使用smbpasswd工具来创建一个Samba用户。注意，Samba用户帐户必须是已有的Linux用户。如果您尝试使用smbpasswd添加一个不存在的用户，它会返回一个错误的消息。 + +如果您不想使用任何已存在的Linux用户作为Samba用户，您可以在您的系统中创建一个新的用户。为安全起见，设置新用户的登录脚本为/sbin/nologin，并且不创建该用户的home文件夹。 + +在这个例子中，我们创建了一个名叫"sambaguest"的用户，如下： + + $ sudo useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin sambaguest + $ sudo passwd sambaguest + +![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8702/16814479366_53f540d3ba_b.jpg) + +在创建一个新用户后，使用smbpasswd命令添加Samba用户。当这个命令询问一个密码时，您可以键入一个与其用户密码不同的密码。 + + $ sudo smbpasswd -a sambaguest + +激活Samba服务，并检测Samba服务是否在运行。 + + $ sudo systemctl enable smb.service + $ sudo systemctl start smb.service + $ sudo systemctl is-active smb + +![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7607/16652984770_622f24bccc_b.jpg) + +使用下面的命令来查看Samba中共享的文件夹列表。 + + $ smbclient -U sambaguest -L localhost + +![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7281/16220411103_06bf585901_b.jpg) + +接下来是在Thunar文件管理器中访问Samba共享文件夹以及对file1进行拷贝复制的截图。注意，Samba的共享内容可以通过在Thunar中通过 `smb:///myshare` 这个地址来访问。 + +![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7644/16218011174_c8b34fcedc_b.jpg) + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://xmodulo.com/share-directory-samba-fedora-centos.html + +作者：[Kristophorus Hadiono][a] +译者：[wwy-hust](https://github.com/wwy-hust) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/kristophorus diff --git a/published/20150320 Locate Stolen laptops and Smart phones Using Prey Tool in Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150320 Locate Stolen laptops and Smart phones Using Prey Tool in Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150320 Locate Stolen laptops and Smart phones Using Prey Tool in Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150320 Locate Stolen laptops and Smart phones Using Prey Tool in Ubuntu.md diff --git a/translated/tech/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md b/published/201505/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md similarity index 80% rename from translated/tech/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md rename to published/201505/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md index e86a8f3c10..ba4da99105 100644 --- a/translated/tech/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md +++ b/published/201505/20150320 Sleuth Kit--Open Source Forensic Tool to Analyze Disk Images and Recover Files.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -Sleuth Kit -- 一个用来分析磁盘映像和恢复文件的开源取证工具 +Sleuth Kit：一个用来分析磁盘映像和恢复文件的开源取证工具 ================================================================================ -SIFT 是一个由 SANS 公司提供的基于 Ubuntu 的取证发行版本。它包含许多取证工具，如 Sleuth kit/Autopsy 。但 Sleuth kit / Autopsy 可以直接在 Ubuntu 或 Fedora 发行版本上直接安装，而不必下载 SIFT 的整个发行版本。 +SIFT 是一个由 SANS 公司提供的基于 Ubuntu 的取证发行版。它包含许多取证工具，如 Sleuth kit/Autopsy 。但 Sleuth kit/Autopsy 可以直接在 Ubuntu 或 Fedora 发行版本上直接安装，而不必下载 SIFT 的整个发行版本。 -Sleuth Kit/Autopsy 是一个开源的电子取证调查工具，它被用于从磁盘映像中恢复丢失的文件，基于事件响应的磁盘映像的分析。 Autopsy 工具是 sleuth kit 的一个网页接口，支持 sleuth kit 的所有功能。这个工具在 Windows 和 Linux 平台下都可获取到。 +Sleuth Kit/Autopsy 是一个开源的电子取证调查工具，它可以用于从磁盘映像中恢复丢失的文件，以及为了特殊事件进行磁盘映像分析。 Autopsy 工具是 sleuth kit 的一个网页接口，支持 sleuth kit 的所有功能。这个工具在 Windows 和 Linux 平台下都可获取到。 ### 安装 Sleuth kit ### @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Sleuth Kit/Autopsy 是一个开源的电子取证调查工具，它被用于从 ### 安装 Autopsy 工具 ### -Sleuth kit 已经安装完毕，现在我们将为它安装 autopsy 界面。从 [sleuthkit 的 autopsy 页面][2] 下载 Autopsy 软件。使用下面的命令在虚拟终端下使用 wget 命令来下载它，下图展示了这个过程。 +Sleuth kit 已经安装完毕，现在我们将为它安装 autopsy 界面。从 [sleuthkit 的 autopsy 页面][2]下载 Autopsy 软件。使用下面的命令在虚拟终端下使用 wget 命令来下载它，下图展示了这个过程。 # wget http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/autopsy/autopsy/2.24/autopsy-2.24.tar.gz @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ autopsy 的配置脚本将询问 NSRL (National Software Reference Library) 和 ![Autopsy](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/autopsy-started.png) -在浏览器中键入下面的地址来获取 autopsy 的界面： +在浏览器中键入下面的地址来访问 autopsy 的界面： http://localhost:9999/autopsy @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ autopsy 的配置脚本将询问 NSRL (National Software Reference Library) 和 ![添加主机的详细信息](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/add-host-detial.png) -点击 **增加映像** 按钮来为取证分析添加映像文件。 +添加主机后，点击 **增加映像** 按钮来为取证分析添加映像文件。 ![添加映像](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/add-image.png) @@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ autopsy 的配置脚本将询问 NSRL (National Software Reference Library) 和 ![添加映像文件](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Add-image-file.png) -正如下图中展示的那样，我们已经键入了 Linux 映像文件的路径。在我们这个例子中，映像文件是磁盘的分区。 +正如下图中展示的那样，我们已经键入了 Linux 映像文件的路径。在我们这个例子中，映像文件类型是磁盘分区。 ![添加映像分区](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/add-image-parition.png) -点击 下一步 按钮并在下一页中选择 **计算散列值** 的选项，这在下图中有展示。它也将检测所给映像的文件系统类型。 +点击“下一步”按钮并在下一页中选择 **计算散列值** 的选项，这在下图中有展示。它也将检测所给映像的文件系统类型。 ![映像和文件系统详情](http://blog.linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/image-and-file-system-detail.png) @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ autopsy 的配置脚本将询问 NSRL (National Software Reference Library) 和 ### 结论 ### -希望这篇文章能够给那些进入磁盘映像的静态分析领域的新手提供帮助。Autopsy 是 sleuth kit 的网页界面，提供了在 Windows 和 Linux 磁盘映像中进行诸如字符串提取，恢复被删文件，时间线分析，网络浏览历史，关键字搜索和邮件分析等功能。 +希望这篇文章能够给那些进入磁盘映像静态分析领域的新手提供帮助。Autopsy 是 sleuth kit 的网页界面，提供了在 Windows 和 Linux 磁盘映像中进行诸如字符串提取，恢复被删文件，时间线分析，网络浏览历史，关键字搜索和邮件分析等功能。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ via: http://linoxide.com/ubuntu-how-to/autopsy-sleuth-kit-installation-ubuntu/ 作者：[nido][a] 译者：[FSSlc](https://github.com/FSSlc) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 diff --git a/published/20150323 How to enable ssh login without entering password.md b/published/201505/20150323 How to enable ssh login without entering password.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150323 How to enable ssh login without entering password.md rename to published/201505/20150323 How to enable ssh login without entering password.md diff --git a/published/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to compress JPEG images from the command line on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to compress JPEG images from the command line on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to compress JPEG images from the command line on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to compress JPEG images from the command line on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install and access CentOS remote desktop on VPS.md b/published/201505/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install and access CentOS remote desktop on VPS.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install and access CentOS remote desktop on VPS.md rename to published/201505/20150323 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install and access CentOS remote desktop on VPS.md diff --git a/published/20150323 Square 2.0 Icon Pack Is Twice More Beautiful.md b/published/201505/20150323 Square 2.0 Icon Pack Is Twice More Beautiful.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150323 Square 2.0 Icon Pack Is Twice More Beautiful.md rename to published/201505/20150323 Square 2.0 Icon Pack Is Twice More Beautiful.md diff --git a/published/20150324 4 Tools to Securely Delete Files from Linux.md b/published/201505/20150324 4 Tools to Securely Delete Files from Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150324 4 Tools to Securely Delete Files from Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150324 4 Tools to Securely Delete Files from Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md b/published/201505/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md rename to published/201505/20150324 7 Quirky' ls' Command Tricks Every Linux User Should Know.md diff --git a/published/20150324 How to Host Open Source Code Repository in github.md b/published/201505/20150324 How to Host Open Source Code Repository in github.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150324 How to Host Open Source Code Repository in github.md rename to published/201505/20150324 How to Host Open Source Code Repository in github.md diff --git a/published/20150324 How to Interactively Create a Docker Container.md b/published/201505/20150324 How to Interactively Create a Docker Container.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150324 How to Interactively Create a Docker Container.md rename to published/201505/20150324 How to Interactively Create a Docker Container.md diff --git a/translated/tech/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md b/published/201505/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md similarity index 88% rename from translated/tech/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md rename to published/201505/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md index 5fbce3aa70..6886e83ef2 100755 --- a/translated/tech/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md +++ b/published/201505/20150326 How to set up server monitoring system with Monit.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ### Monit是什么？ ### -[Monit][3]是一个跨平台的用来监控Unix/linux系统（比如Linux、BSD、OSX、Solaris）的工具。Monit特别易于安装，而且非常轻量级（只有500KB大小），并且不依赖任何第三方程序、插件或者库。然而，Monit可以胜任全面监控、进程状态监控、文件系统变动监控、邮件通知和对核心服务的自定义回调等场景。易于安装、轻量级的实现以及强大的功能，让Monit成为一个理想的后备监控工具。 +[Monit][3]是一个跨平台的用来监控Unix/linux系统（比如Linux、BSD、OSX、Solaris）的工具。Monit特别易于安装，而且非常轻量级（只有500KB大小），并且不依赖任何第三方程序、插件或者库。然而，Monit可以胜任全面监控、进程状态监控、文件系统变动监控、邮件通知和对核心服务的自定义动作等场景。易于安装、轻量级的实现以及强大的功能，让Monit成为一个理想的后备监控工具。 我已经在一些机器使用Monit几年了，而且我对它的可靠性非常满意。甚至作为全面的监控系统，对任何Linux系统管理员来说Monit也是非常有用和强大的。在这篇教程中，我会展示如何在一个本地服务器部署Monit（作为后备监控系统）来监控常见的服务。在部署过程中，我只会展示我们用到的部分。 @@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ Fedora或者CentOS/RHEL： # yum install monit -Monit自带一个文档完善的配置文件，其中包含了很多例子。主配置文件在/etc/monit.conf（Fedora/CentOS/RHEL），或者/etc/monit/monitrc（Debian/Ubuntu/Mint）。Monit配置文件有两部分：“Global”（全局）和“Services”（服务）。 +Monit自带一个文档完善的配置文件，其中包含了很多例子。主配置文件在/etc/monit.conf（Fedora/CentOS/RHEL 中），或者/etc/monit/monitrc（Debian/Ubuntu/Mint 中）。Monit配置文件有两部分：“Global”（全局）和“Services”（服务）。 -### Global Configuration: Web Status Page （全局配置：Web状态页面。LCTT 译注：保留原文是因为和配置文件中的字段对应） ### +### Global Configuration: Web Status Page （全局配置：Web状态页面） ### -Monit可以使用邮件服务来发送通知，也可以使用HTTP/HTTPS页面来展示。我们先使用符合以下要求的web状态页面吧： +Monit可以使用邮件服务来发送通知，也可以使用HTTP/HTTPS页面来展示。我们先使用如下配置的web状态页面吧： - Monit监听1966端口。 - 对web状态页面的访问是通过SSL加密的。 - 使用monituser/romania作为用户名/口令登录。 -- 只允许使用localhost、myhost.mydomain.ro和在局域网内部（192.168.0.0/16）访问。 +- 只允许通过localhost、myhost.mydomain.ro和在局域网内部（192.168.0.0/16）访问。 - Monit使用pem格式的SSL证书。 之后的步骤，我会使用一个基于Red Hat的系统。在基于Debian的系统中的步骤也是类似的。 @@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ Monit可以使用邮件服务来发送通知，也可以使用HTTP/HTTPS页面 我们必须定义“idfile”，Monit守护进程的一个独一无二的ID文件；以及“eventqueue”，当monit的邮件因为SMTP或者网络故障发不出去，邮件会暂存在这里；以及确保/var/monit路径是存在的。然后使用下边的配置就可以了。 set idfile /var/monit/id - set eventqueue + set eventqueue basedir /var/monit -### 测试Global Configuration（全局配置） ### +### 测试全局配置 ### 现在“Global”部分就完成了。Monit配置文件看起来像这样： @@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ Monit可以使用邮件服务来发送通知，也可以使用HTTP/HTTPS页面 现在打开一个浏览器窗口，然后访问`https://:1966`。将``替换成Monit所在机器的机器名或者IP地址。 -如果你使用的是自签名的SSL证书，你会在浏览器中看到一个警告信息。 +如果你使用的是自签名的SSL证书，你会在浏览器中看到一个警告信息。继续访问即可。 ![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7596/16737206479_96b9f7dfdb_c.jpg) -你完成登录后，一定要看这个页面。 +你完成登录后，就会看到这个页面。 ![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7594/16303369973_6019482dea_c.jpg) @@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ Monit可以使用邮件服务来发送通知，也可以使用HTTP/HTTPS页面 if failed port 22 protocol ssh then restart if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout -我们可以这样解释上述配置。我们检查是否存在名为sshd的进程，并且有一个保存pid的文件存在（/var/run/sshd.pid）。如果任何一个不存在，我们就使用启动脚本重启sshd。我们检查是否有进程在监听22端口，并且使用的是SSH协议。如果没有，我们还是重启sshd。如果在最近的5个监控周期（5x120秒）至少重启5次了，sshd就被认为是不能用的，我们就不再检查了。 +我们可以这样解释上述配置：我们检查是否存在名为sshd的进程，并且有一个保存其pid的文件存在（/var/run/sshd.pid）。如果任何一个不存在，我们就使用启动脚本重启sshd。我们检查是否有进程在监听22端口，并且使用的是SSH协议。如果没有，我们还是重启sshd。如果在最近的5个监控周期（5x120秒）至少重启5次了，sshd就被认为是不能用的，我们就不再检查了。 ![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8685/16735725998_62c26a24bc_c.jpg) @@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ via: http://xmodulo.com/server-monitoring-system-monit.html 作者：[Iulian Murgulet][a] 译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ via: http://xmodulo.com/server-monitoring-system-monit.html [1]:http://xmodulo.com/monitor-common-services-nagios.html [2]:http://xmodulo.com/monitor-linux-servers-snmp-cacti.html [3]:http://mmonit.com/monit/ -[4]:http://xmodulo.com/how-to-set-up-epel-repository-on-centos.html +[4]:https://linux.cn/article-2324-1.html [5]:http://xmodulo.com/how-to-set-up-rpmforge-repoforge-repository-on-centos.html [6]:http://xmodulo.com/mail-server-ubuntu-debian.html [7]:http://mmonit.com/wiki/Monit/ConfigurationExamples \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/published/20150330 2 Ways to Create Your Own Docker Base Image.md b/published/201505/20150330 2 Ways to Create Your Own Docker Base Image.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150330 2 Ways to Create Your Own Docker Base Image.md rename to published/201505/20150330 2 Ways to Create Your Own Docker Base Image.md diff --git a/published/20150330 How to secure SSH login with one-time passwords on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150330 How to secure SSH login with one-time passwords on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150330 How to secure SSH login with one-time passwords on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150330 How to secure SSH login with one-time passwords on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150330 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to upgrade Docker on Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150330 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to upgrade Docker on Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150330 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to upgrade Docker on Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150330 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to upgrade Docker on Ubuntu.md diff --git a/published/20150331 Conky--The Ultimate X Based System Monitor Application.md b/published/201505/20150331 Conky--The Ultimate X Based System Monitor Application.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150331 Conky--The Ultimate X Based System Monitor Application.md rename to published/201505/20150331 Conky--The Ultimate X Based System Monitor Application.md diff --git a/published/20150331 How to Generate or Encrypt or Decrypt Random Passwords in Linux.md b/published/201505/20150331 How to Generate or Encrypt or Decrypt Random Passwords in Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150331 How to Generate or Encrypt or Decrypt Random Passwords in Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150331 How to Generate or Encrypt or Decrypt Random Passwords in Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150331 Its Now Worth Try Installing PHP 7.0 on CentOS 7.x or Fedora 21.md b/published/201505/20150331 Its Now Worth Try Installing PHP 7.0 on CentOS 7.x or Fedora 21.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150331 Its Now Worth Try Installing PHP 7.0 on CentOS 7.x or Fedora 21.md rename to published/201505/20150331 Its Now Worth Try Installing PHP 7.0 on CentOS 7.x or Fedora 21.md diff --git a/published/20150331 Linux Email App Geary Updated--How To Install It In Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150331 Linux Email App Geary Updated--How To Install It In Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150331 Linux Email App Geary Updated--How To Install It In Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150331 Linux Email App Geary Updated--How To Install It In Ubuntu.md diff --git a/translated/tech/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md b/published/201505/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md similarity index 72% rename from translated/tech/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md rename to published/201505/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md index 631c1992c6..4e6f6f83d0 100644 --- a/translated/tech/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md +++ b/published/201505/20150407 5 Linux Command Line Based Tools for Downloading Files and Browsing Websites.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ -5个基于Linux命令行的文件下载和网站浏览工具 +5 个基于Linux命令行的文件下载和网站浏览工具 ================================================================================ -GNU/Linux最冒险迷人的部分，Linux命令行，是非常强大的工具。命令行本身功能多样，多种内建或者第三方的命令行应用使得Linux变得更加健壮和强大。Linux Shell支持多种不同类型的网络应用，无论是BT下载软件，专用下载器或者互联网冲浪。 + +Linux命令行是GNU/Linux中最神奇迷人的部分，它是非常强大的工具。命令行本身功能多样，多种内建或者第三方的命令行应用使得Linux变得更加健壮和强大。Linux Shell支持多种不同类型的网络应用，无论是BT下载软件，专用下载器或者互联网冲浪。 ![命令行互联网工具](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Command-Line-Internet-Tools.jpg) -5个命令行互联网工具 + +*5个命令行互联网工具* 这里我们介绍了5个很好的命令行互联网工具，它们非常有用，也很容易上手。 @@ -24,7 +26,8 @@ rTorrent是基于文本，用C++编写，追求高性能的Torrent客户端。 # rtorrent ![命令行torrent下载器](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/rTorrent.jpeg) -rTorrent命令行工具 + +*rTorrent命令行工具* #### rTorrent的功能 #### @@ -34,18 +37,18 @@ rTorrent命令行工具 - CTRL+ s – 开始下载 - CTRL+ d – 停止运行中的下载或者移除已完成的下载 - CTRL+ k – 停止并关闭运行中的下载 -- CTRL+ r – 在上传/下载torrent之前进行Hash检查 -- CTRL+ q – 执行两次这个命令，rTorrent会直接退出而不发送停止信号 +- CTRL+ r – 在上传/下载种子之前进行Hash检查 +- CTRL+ q – 执行两次这个命令，rTorrent会直接退出而不发送“停止”信号 - Left Arrow Key – 跳到上一屏幕 - Right Arrow Key – 跳到下一屏幕 ### 2. Wget ### -Wget是GNU项目的一部分，名字由World Wide Web (WWW)衍生而来。Wget是用来递归下载，离线查看本地服务器HTML文件一个很好的工具，它可用于Windows， Max，以及Linux等大部分平台。Wget能通过HTTP，HTTPS和FTP下载文件。另外，能镜像整个网站，支持代理浏览以及暂停/回复下载使得它更为有用。 +Wget是GNU项目的一部分，名字由World Wide Web (WWW)衍生而来。Wget是用来递归下载、离线查看本地服务器HTML文件一个很好的工具，它可用于Windows， Mac，以及Linux等大部分平台。Wget能通过HTTP，HTTPS和FTP下载文件。另外，能镜像整个网站，支持代理浏览以及暂停/回复下载使得它更为有用。 #### 安装Wget #### -由于是GNE项目的一部分，Wget在大部分标准Linux发行版中都绑定发布，不再需要独立下载安装。如果默认没有安装，你也可以使用apt或者yum安装。 +由于是GNU项目的一部分，Wget捆绑在大部分标准Linux发行版中，不再需要独立下载安装。如果默认没有安装，你也可以使用apt或者yum安装。 # apt­-get install wget (基于 APT 的系统) @@ -70,13 +73,14 @@ Wget是GNU项目的一部分，名字由World Wide Web (WWW)衍生而来。Wget Wget是一个很棒的工具，它允许在资源有限的机器上自定义或者过滤下载。这是镜像一个网站(Yahoo.com)的wget下载截图。 ![Wget 下载文件](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Wget.jpeg) -Wget 命令行文件下载 -要获取更多wget下载的例子，可以阅读我们的文章[10个Wget下载命令例子][1]。 +*Wget 命令行文件下载* + +要获取更多wget下载的例子，可以阅读我们的文章[Wget下载命令例子][1]。 ### 3. cURL ### -cURL是在多种协议上传输数据的命令行工具。cURL是支持FTP, HTTP, FTPS, TFTP, TELNET, IMAP, POP3等协议的客户端应用。和其它相对比，在支持LDAP，POP3方面，cURL是和wget不同的简单下载器。cURL也很好的支持代理下载，暂停下载以及恢复下载。 +cURL是在多种协议上传输数据的命令行工具。cURL是支持FTP, HTTP, FTPS, TFTP, TELNET, IMAP, POP3等协议的客户端应用。cURL是一个不同于wget 的简单下载器，和其它的相比，它支持LDAP，POP3。cURL也很好的支持代理下载，暂停下载以及恢复下载。 #### 安装cURL #### @@ -93,14 +97,16 @@ cURL的基本使用方法 # curl www.tecmint.com ![Curl 下载](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Curl.jpeg) -Curl 下载数据 + +*Curl 下载* ![Curl 下载数据](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Curl-2.jpeg) -Curl 下载 + +*Curl 下载* ### 4. w3m ### -W3m是GPL协议下发布的基于文本的web浏览器。W3m支持表格，帧，颜色，SSL连接以及内联图像。W3m由于快速浏览而出名。 +W3m是GPL协议下发布的基于文本的web浏览器。W3m支持表格，帧，颜色，SSL连接以及内联图像。W3m以快速浏览而出名。 #### 安装w3m #### @@ -117,11 +123,12 @@ W3m在大部分Linux发行版中也是默认可用的。如果不可用的话可 # w3m www.tecmint.com ![命令行浏览器](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/w3m.jpeg) -基于文本的web浏览器w3m + +*基于文本的web浏览器w3m* ### 5. Elinks ### -Elinks是基于文本，给基于Unix和基于Unix的系统使用的免费web浏览器。Elinks支持 HTTP，HTTP Cookies以及支持浏览Pery和Ruby脚本。也很好的支持基于标签的浏览。最棒的是它支持鼠标，颜色显示以及支持一系列的协议，例如HTTP, FTP, SMB, Ipv4 和 Ipv6。 +Elinks是基于文本的免费浏览器，用于Unix及基于Unix的系统。Elinks支持 HTTP，HTTP Cookies以及支持浏览Perl和Ruby脚本（LCTT 译注：应该是指 CGI）。也很好的支持选项卡浏览。最棒的是它支持鼠标、彩色以及支持一系列的协议，例如HTTP, FTP, SMB, Ipv4 和 Ipv6。 #### 安装Elinks #### @@ -138,7 +145,8 @@ Elinks的基本使用方法 # elinks www.tecmint.com ![命令行互联网浏览](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Elinks.jpeg) -Elinks命令行浏览互联网 + +*Elinks命令行浏览互联网* 就是这些了。有你们喜欢读的有趣的文章，我会再次来到这里。到那时尽请关注并保持和Tecmint的联系，别忘了在评论部分给我们你的宝贵的反馈。 @@ -148,9 +156,9 @@ via: http://www.tecmint.com/linux-command-line-tools-for-downloading-files/ 作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] 译者：[ictlyh](https://github.com/ictlyh) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) +校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ -[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-wget-command-examples-in-linux/ \ No newline at end of file +[1]:https://linux.cn/article-4129-1.html \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/published/20150407 Ambient Noise Player for Ubuntu Plays Relaxing Sounds to Keep You Creative.md b/published/201505/20150407 Ambient Noise Player for Ubuntu Plays Relaxing Sounds to Keep You Creative.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150407 Ambient Noise Player for Ubuntu Plays Relaxing Sounds to Keep You Creative.md rename to published/201505/20150407 Ambient Noise Player for Ubuntu Plays Relaxing Sounds to Keep You Creative.md diff --git a/published/20150407 How To Install CentOS Web Panel In CentOS.md b/published/201505/20150407 How To Install CentOS Web Panel In CentOS.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150407 How To Install CentOS Web Panel In CentOS.md rename to published/201505/20150407 How To Install CentOS Web Panel In CentOS.md diff --git a/published/20150407 How to secure BGP sessions using authentication on Quagga.md b/published/201505/20150407 How to secure BGP sessions using authentication on Quagga.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150407 How to secure BGP sessions using authentication on Quagga.md rename to published/201505/20150407 How to secure BGP sessions using authentication on Quagga.md diff --git a/published/20150409 4 Tools Send Email with Subject, Body and Attachment in Linux.md b/published/201505/20150409 4 Tools Send Email with Subject, Body and Attachment in Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150409 4 Tools Send Email with Subject, Body and Attachment in Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150409 4 Tools Send Email with Subject, Body and Attachment in Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150409 Install Inkscape - Open Source Vector Graphic Editor.md b/published/201505/20150409 Install Inkscape - Open Source Vector Graphic Editor.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150409 Install Inkscape - Open Source Vector Graphic Editor.md rename to published/201505/20150409 Install Inkscape - Open Source Vector Graphic Editor.md diff --git a/published/20150410 This tool can alert you about evil twin access points in the area.md b/published/201505/20150410 This tool can alert you about evil twin access points in the area.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150410 This tool can alert you about evil twin access points in the area.md rename to published/201505/20150410 This tool can alert you about evil twin access points in the area.md diff --git a/published/20150410 What is a good alternative to wget or curl on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150410 What is a good alternative to wget or curl on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150410 What is a good alternative to wget or curl on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150410 What is a good alternative to wget or curl on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150413 A Walk Through Some Important Docker Commands.md b/published/201505/20150413 A Walk Through Some Important Docker Commands.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150413 A Walk Through Some Important Docker Commands.md rename to published/201505/20150413 A Walk Through Some Important Docker Commands.md diff --git a/published/20150413 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to change PATH environment variable on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150413 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to change PATH environment variable on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150413 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to change PATH environment variable on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150413 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to change PATH environment variable on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150413 [Solved] Ubuntu Does Not Remember Brightness Settings.md b/published/201505/20150413 [Solved] Ubuntu Does Not Remember Brightness Settings.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150413 [Solved] Ubuntu Does Not Remember Brightness Settings.md rename to published/201505/20150413 [Solved] Ubuntu Does Not Remember Brightness Settings.md diff --git a/published/20150415 Strong SSL Security on nginx.md b/published/201505/20150415 Strong SSL Security on nginx.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150415 Strong SSL Security on nginx.md rename to published/201505/20150415 Strong SSL Security on nginx.md diff --git a/published/20150417 14 Useful Examples of Linux 'sort' Command--Part 1.md b/published/201505/20150417 14 Useful Examples of Linux 'sort' Command--Part 1.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150417 14 Useful Examples of Linux 'sort' Command--Part 1.md rename to published/201505/20150417 14 Useful Examples of Linux 'sort' Command--Part 1.md diff --git a/published/20150417 How to Configure MariaDB Replication on CentOS Linux.md b/published/201505/20150417 How to Configure MariaDB Replication on CentOS Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150417 How to Configure MariaDB Replication on CentOS Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150417 How to Configure MariaDB Replication on CentOS Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150417 sshuttle--A transparent proxy-based VPN using ssh.md b/published/201505/20150417 sshuttle--A transparent proxy-based VPN using ssh.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150417 sshuttle--A transparent proxy-based VPN using ssh.md rename to published/201505/20150417 sshuttle--A transparent proxy-based VPN using ssh.md diff --git a/published/20150420 7 Interesting Linux 'sort' Command Examples--Part 2.md b/published/201505/20150420 7 Interesting Linux 'sort' Command Examples--Part 2.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150420 7 Interesting Linux 'sort' Command Examples--Part 2.md rename to published/201505/20150420 7 Interesting Linux 'sort' Command Examples--Part 2.md diff --git a/published/20150423 uperTuxKart 0.9 Released--The Best Racing Game on Linux Just Got Even Better.md b/published/201505/20150423 uperTuxKart 0.9 Released--The Best Racing Game on Linux Just Got Even Better.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150423 uperTuxKart 0.9 Released--The Best Racing Game on Linux Just Got Even Better.md rename to published/201505/20150423 uperTuxKart 0.9 Released--The Best Racing Game on Linux Just Got Even Better.md diff --git a/published/20150429 Docker 1.6 Released--How to Upgrade on Fedora or CentOS.md b/published/201505/20150429 Docker 1.6 Released--How to Upgrade on Fedora or CentOS.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150429 Docker 1.6 Released--How to Upgrade on Fedora or CentOS.md rename to published/201505/20150429 Docker 1.6 Released--How to Upgrade on Fedora or CentOS.md diff --git a/published/20150429 Synfig Studio 1.0--Open Source Animation Gets Serious.md b/published/201505/20150429 Synfig Studio 1.0--Open Source Animation Gets Serious.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150429 Synfig Studio 1.0--Open Source Animation Gets Serious.md rename to published/201505/20150429 Synfig Studio 1.0--Open Source Animation Gets Serious.md diff --git a/published/20150429 web caching basics terminology http headers and caching strategies.md b/published/201505/20150429 web caching basics terminology http headers and caching strategies.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150429 web caching basics terminology http headers and caching strategies.md rename to published/201505/20150429 web caching basics terminology http headers and caching strategies.md diff --git a/published/20150504 How To Install Visual Studio Code On Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150504 How To Install Visual Studio Code On Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150504 How To Install Visual Studio Code On Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150504 How To Install Visual Studio Code On Ubuntu.md diff --git a/published/20150505 Bodhi Linux Introduces Moksha Desktop.md b/published/201505/20150505 Bodhi Linux Introduces Moksha Desktop.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150505 Bodhi Linux Introduces Moksha Desktop.md rename to published/201505/20150505 Bodhi Linux Introduces Moksha Desktop.md diff --git a/published/20150506 How to Securely Store Passwords and Api Keys Using Vault.md b/published/201505/20150506 How to Securely Store Passwords and Api Keys Using Vault.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150506 How to Securely Store Passwords and Api Keys Using Vault.md rename to published/201505/20150506 How to Securely Store Passwords and Api Keys Using Vault.md diff --git a/published/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to configure a Linux bridge with Network Manager on Ubuntu.md b/published/201505/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to configure a Linux bridge with Network Manager on Ubuntu.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to configure a Linux bridge with Network Manager on Ubuntu.md rename to published/201505/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to configure a Linux bridge with Network Manager on Ubuntu.md diff --git a/published/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install autossh on Linux.md b/published/201505/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install autossh on Linux.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install autossh on Linux.md rename to published/201505/20150506 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to install autossh on Linux.md diff --git a/published/20150507 Command Line Tool to Monitor Linux Containers Performance.md b/published/201505/20150507 Command Line Tool to Monitor Linux Containers Performance.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150507 Command Line Tool to Monitor Linux Containers Performance.md rename to published/201505/20150507 Command Line Tool to Monitor Linux Containers Performance.md diff --git a/published/20150511 OpenSSL command line Root and Intermediate CA including OCSP, CRL and revocation.md b/published/201505/20150511 OpenSSL command line Root and Intermediate CA including OCSP, CRL and revocation.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150511 OpenSSL command line Root and Intermediate CA including OCSP, CRL and revocation.md rename to published/201505/20150511 OpenSSL command line Root and Intermediate CA including OCSP, CRL and revocation.md diff --git a/published/20150512 Guake 0.7.0 Released--A Drop-Down Terminal for Gnome Desktops.md b/published/201505/20150512 Guake 0.7.0 Released--A Drop-Down Terminal for Gnome Desktops.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150512 Guake 0.7.0 Released--A Drop-Down Terminal for Gnome Desktops.md rename to published/201505/20150512 Guake 0.7.0 Released--A Drop-Down Terminal for Gnome Desktops.md diff --git a/published/20150515 New to Linux 5 Apps You Didn't Know You Were Missing.md b/published/201505/20150515 New to Linux 5 Apps You Didn't Know You Were Missing.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150515 New to Linux 5 Apps You Didn't Know You Were Missing.md rename to published/201505/20150515 New to Linux 5 Apps You Didn't Know You Were Missing.md diff --git a/published/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to block specific user agents on nginx web server.md b/published/201505/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to block specific user agents on nginx web server.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to block specific user agents on nginx web server.md rename to published/201505/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to block specific user agents on nginx web server.md diff --git a/published/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to fix 'fatal error--security or pam_modules.h--No such file or directory'.md b/published/201505/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to fix 'fatal error--security or pam_modules.h--No such file or directory'.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to fix 'fatal error--security or pam_modules.h--No such file or directory'.md rename to published/201505/20150518 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to fix 'fatal error--security or pam_modules.h--No such file or directory'.md diff --git a/published/20150521 Microsoft Open-Sources The Windows Communication Foundation.md b/published/201505/20150521 Microsoft Open-Sources The Windows Communication Foundation.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150521 Microsoft Open-Sources The Windows Communication Foundation.md rename to published/201505/20150521 Microsoft Open-Sources The Windows Communication Foundation.md diff --git a/published/20150527 Ubuntu Community Council Asks the Kubuntu Project Leader to Step Down.md b/published/201505/20150527 Ubuntu Community Council Asks the Kubuntu Project Leader to Step Down.md similarity index 100% rename from published/20150527 Ubuntu Community Council Asks the Kubuntu Project Leader to Step Down.md rename to published/201505/20150527 Ubuntu Community Council Asks the Kubuntu Project Leader to Step Down.md diff --git a/published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--4.md b/published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--4.md similarity index 100% rename from published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--4.md rename to published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--4.md diff --git a/published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--5.md b/published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--5.md similarity index 100% rename from published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--5.md rename to published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--5.md diff --git a/published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--6.md b/published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--6.md similarity index 100% rename from published/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--6.md rename to published/201505/30 Things to Do After Minimal RHEL or CentOS 7 Installation--6.md diff --git a/published/How to Manage Network using nmcli Tool in RedHat CentOS 7.x.md b/published/201505/How to Manage Network using nmcli Tool in RedHat CentOS 7.x.md similarity index 100% rename from published/How to Manage Network using nmcli Tool in RedHat CentOS 7.x.md rename to published/201505/How to Manage Network using nmcli Tool in RedHat CentOS 7.x.md diff --git a/published/Linux grep command with 14 different examples.md b/published/201505/Linux grep command with 14 different examples.md similarity index 100% rename from published/Linux grep command with 14 different examples.md rename to published/201505/Linux grep command with 14 different examples.md diff --git a/sources/news/20150511 Ubuntu Devs Propose Stateless Persistent Network Interface Names for Ubuntu and Debian.md b/sources/news/20150511 Ubuntu Devs Propose Stateless Persistent Network Interface Names for Ubuntu and Debian.md deleted file mode 100644 index d3d8014817..0000000000 --- a/sources/news/20150511 Ubuntu Devs Propose Stateless Persistent Network Interface Names for Ubuntu and Debian.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -Ubuntu Devs Propose Stateless Persistent Network Interface Names for Ubuntu and Debian -====================================================================================== -*Networks are detected in an unpredictable and unstable order* - -**Martin Pitt, a renown Ubuntu and Debian developer, came with the proposal of enabling stateless persistent network interface names in the upcoming versions of the Ubuntu Linux and Debian GNU/Linux operating systems.** - -According to Mr. Pitt, it appears that the problem lies in the automatic detection of network interfaces within the Linux kernel. As such, network interfaces are detected in an unstable and unpredictable order. However, it order to connect to a certain network interface in ifupdown or networkd users will need to identify it first using a stable name. - -"The general schema for this is to have an udev rule which does some matches to identify a particular interface, and assings a NAME="foo" to it," says Martin Pitt in an email to the Ubuntu mailinglist. "Interfaces with an explicit NAME= get called just like this, and others just get a kernel driver default, usually ethN, wlanN, or sometimes others (some wifi drivers have their own naming schemas)." - -**Sever solutions appeared over the years: mac, biosdevname, and ifnames** - -Apparently, several solutions are available for this problem, including an installation of an udev rule in /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules that creates a MAC address at first boot and writes it to /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules, which is currently used by default in Ubuntu and applies to most hardware components. - -Other solutions include biosdevname, a package that reads port or index numbers, and slot names from the BIOS and writes them to /lib/udev/rules.d/71-biosdevname.rules, and ifnames, a persistent name generator that automatically checks the BIOS and/or firmware for index numbers or slot names, similar to biosdevname. - -However, the difference between ifnames and biosdevname is that the latter falls back to slot names, such as PCI numbers, and then to the MAC address and writes to /lib/udev/rules.d/80-net-setup-link.rules. All of these solutions can be combined, and Martin Pitt proposes to replace the first solution that is now used by default with the ifnames one. - -If a new solution is implemented, a lot of networking issues will be resolved in Ubuntu, especially the cloud version. In addition, it will provide for stable network interface names for all new Ubuntu installations, and resolve many other problems related to system-image, etc. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Ubuntu-Devs-Propose-Stateless-Persistent-Network-Interface-Names-for-Ubuntu-and-Debian-480730.shtml - -作者：[Marius Nestor][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://news.softpedia.com/editors/browse/marius-nestor diff --git a/sources/share/20141013 Compact Text Editors Great for Remote Editing and Much More.md b/sources/share/20141013 Compact Text Editors Great for Remote Editing and Much More.md index 21b0756b9a..3cdb43d879 100644 --- a/sources/share/20141013 Compact Text Editors Great for Remote Editing and Much More.md +++ b/sources/share/20141013 Compact Text Editors Great for Remote Editing and Much More.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -wyangsun翻译中 Compact Text Editors Great for Remote Editing and Much More ================================================================================ A text editor is software used for editing plain text files. This type of software has many different uses including modifying configuration files, writing programming language source code, jotting down thoughts, or even making a grocery list. Given that editors can be used for such a diverse range of activities, it is worth spending the time finding an editor that best suites your preferences. diff --git a/sources/share/20150407 10 Truly Amusing Easter Eggs in Linux.md b/sources/share/20150407 10 Truly Amusing Easter Eggs in Linux.md index 413d50d6d6..3ab7f47b79 100644 --- a/sources/share/20150407 10 Truly Amusing Easter Eggs in Linux.md +++ b/sources/share/20150407 10 Truly Amusing Easter Eggs in Linux.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -KevinSJ translating 10 Truly Amusing Easter Eggs in Linux ================================================================================ ![](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Adventure_Easteregg.PNG) diff --git a/sources/talk/20140818 Upstream and Downstream--why packaging takes time.md b/sources/talk/20140818 Upstream and Downstream--why packaging takes time.md deleted file mode 100644 index fc1c708b14..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20140818 Upstream and Downstream--why packaging takes time.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,97 +0,0 @@ -Upstream and Downstream: why packaging takes time -================================================================================ -Here in the KDE office in Barcelona some people spend their time on purely upstream KDE projects and some of us are primarily interested in making distros work which mean our users can get all the stuff we make. I've been asked why we don't just automate the packaging and go and do more productive things. One view of making on a distro like Kubuntu is that its just a way to package up the hard work done by others to take all the credit. I don't deny that, but there's quite a lot to the packaging of all that hard work, for a start there's a lot of it these days. - -"KDE" used to be released once every nine months or less frequently. But yesterday I released the [first bugfix update to Plasma][1], to make that happen I spent some time on Thursday with David making the [first update to Frameworks 5][2]. But Plasma 5 is still a work in progress for us distros, let's not forget about [KDE SC 4.13.3][3] which Philip has done his usual spectacular job of updating in the 14.04 LTS archive or [KDE SC 4.14 betas][4] which Scarlett has been packaging for utopic and backporting to 14.04 LTS. KDE SC used to be 20 tars, now it's 169 and over 50 langauge packs. - -### Patches ### - -If we were packaging it without any automation as used to be done it would take an age but of course we do automate the repetative tasks, the [KDE SC 4.13.97 status][5] page shows all the packages and highlights obvious problems. But with 169 tars even running the automated script takes a while, then you have to fix any patches that no longer apply. We have [policies][6] to disuade having patches, any patches should be upstream in KDE or on their way upstream, but sometimes it's unavoidable that we have some to maintain which often need small changes for each upstream release. - -### Symbols ### - -Much of what we package are libraries and if one small bit changes in the library, any applications which use that library will crash. This is ABI and the rules for [binary compatibility][7] in C++ are nuts. Not infrequently someone in KDE will alter a library ABI without realising. So we maintain symbol files to list all the symbols, these can often feel like more trouble than they're worth because they need updated when a new version of GCC produces different symbols or when symbols disappear and on investigation they turn out to be marked private and nobody will be using them anyway, but if you miss a change and apps start crashing as nearly happened in KDE PIM last week then people get grumpy. - -### Copyright ### - -Debian, and so Ubuntu, documents the copyright licence of every files in every package. This is a very slow and tedious job but it's important that it's done both upstream and downstream because it you don't people won't want to use your software in a commercial setting and at worst you could end up in court. So I maintain the [licensing policy][8] and not infrequently have to fix bits which are incorrectly or unclearly licenced and answer questions such as today I was reviewing whether a kcm in frameworks had to be LGPL licenced for Eike. We write a copyright file for every package and again this can feel like more trouble than its worth, there's no easy way to automate it but by some readings of the licence texts it's necessary to comply with them and it's just good practice. It also means that if someone starts making claims like requiring licencing for already distributed binary packages I'm in an informed position to correct such nonsense. - -### Descriptions ### - -When we were packaging KDE Frameworks from scratch we had to find a descirption of each Framework. Despite policies for metadata some were quite underdescribed so we had to go and search for a sensible descirption for them. Infact not infrequently we'll need to use a new library which doesn't even have a sensible paragraph describing what it does. We need to be able to make a package show something of a human face. - -### Multiarch ### - -A recent addition to the world of .deb packaging is [MultiArch][9] which allows i386 packages to be installed on amd64 computers as well as some even more obscure combinations (powerpc on ppcel64 anyone?). This lets you run Skype on your amd64 computer without messy cludges like the ia32-libs package. However it needs quite a lot of attention from packagers of libraries marking which packages are multiarch, which depend on other multiarch or arch independent packages and even after packaging KDE Frameworks I'm not entirely comfortable with doing it. - -### Splitting up Packages ### - -We spend lots of time splitting up packages. When say Calligra gets released it's all in one big tar but you don't want all of it on your system because you just want to write a letter in Calligra Words and Krita has lots of image and other data files which take up lots of space you don't care for. So for each new release we have to work out which of the installed files go into which .deb package. It takes time and even worse occationally we can get it wrong but if you don't want heaps of stuff on your computer you don't need then it needs to be done. It's also needed for library upgrades, if there's a new version of libfoo and not all the programs have been ported to it then you can install libfoo1 and libfoo2 on the same system without problems. That's not possible with distros which don't split up packages. - -One messy side effect of this is that when a file moves from one .deb to another .deb made by the same sources, maybe Debian chose to split it another way and we want to follow them, then it needs a Breaks/Replaces/Conflicts added. This is a pretty messy part of .deb packaging, you need to specify which version it Breaks/Replaces/Conflicts and depending on the type of move you need to specify some combination of these three fields but even experienced packages seem to be unclear on which. And then if a backport (with files in original places) is released which has a newer version than the version you specify in the Breaks/Replaces/Conflicts it just refuses to install and stops half way through installing until a new upload is made which updates the Breaks/Replaces/Conflicts version in the packaging. I'd be interested in how this is solved in the RPM world. - -### Debian Merges ### - -Ubuntu is forked from Debian and to piggy back on their work (and add our own bugs while taking the credit) we merge in Debian's packaging at the start of each cycle. This is fiddly work involving going through the diff (and for patches that's often a diff of a diff) and changelog to work out why each alternation was made. Then we merge them together, it takes time and it's error prone but it's what allows Ubuntu to be one of the most up to date distros around even while much of the work gone into maintaining universe packages not part of some flavour has slowed down. - -### Stable Release Updates ### - -You have Kubuntu 14.04 LTS but you want more? You want bugfixes too? Oh but you want them without the possibility of regressions? Ubuntu has quite strict definition of what's allowed in after an Ubuntu release is made, this is because once upon a time someone uploaded a fix for X which had the side effect of breaking X on half the installs out there. So for any updates to get into the archive they can only be for certain packages with a track record of making bug fix releases without sneaking in new features or breaking bits. They need to be tested, have some time passed to allow for wider testing, be tested again using the versions compiled in Launchpad and then released. KDE makes bugfix releases of KDE SC every month and we update them in the latest stable and LTS releases as [4.13.3 was this week][10]. But it's not a process you can rush and will take a couple of weeks usually. That 4.13.3 update was even later then usual because we were busy with Plasma 5 and whatnot. And it's not perfect, a bug in Baloo did get through with 4.13.2. But it would be even worse if we did rush it. - -### Backports ### - -Ah but you want new features too? We don't allow in new features into the normal updates because they will have more chance of having regressions. That's why we make backports, either in the kubuntu-ppa/backports archive or in the ubuntu backports archive. This involves running the package through another automation script to change whever needs changed for the backport then compiling it all, testing it and releasing it. Maintaining and running that backport script is quite faffy so sending your thanks is always appreciated. - -We have an allowance to upload new bugfix (micro releases) of KDE SC to the ubuntu archive because KDE SC has a good track record of fixing things and not breaking them. When we come to wanting to update Plasma we'll need to argue for another allowance. One controvertial issue in KDE Frameworks is that there's no bugfix releases, only monthly releases with new features. These are unlikely to get into the Ubuntu archive, we can try to argue the case that with automated tests and other processes the quality is high enough, but it'll be a hard sell. - -### Crack of the Day ### - -Project Neon provides packages of daily builds of parts of KDE from Git. And there's weekly ISOs that are made from this too. These guys rock. The packages are monolithic and install in /opt to be able to live alongside your normal KDE software. - -### Co-installability ### - -You should be able to run KDELibs 4 software on a Plasma 5 desktop. I spent quite a bit of time ensuring this is possible by having no overlapping files in kdelibs/kde-runtime and kde frameworks and some parts of Plasma. This wasn't done primarily for Kubuntu, many of the files could have been split out into .deb packages that could be shared between KDELibs 4 and Plasma 5, but other disros which just installs packages in a monolithic style benefitted. Some projects like Baloo didn't ensure they were co-installable, fine for Kubuntu as we can separate the libraries that need to be coinstalled from the binaries, but other distros won't be so happy. - -### Automated Testing ### - -Increasingly KDE software comes with its own test suite. Test suites are something that has been late coming to free software (and maybe software in general) but now it's here we can have higher confidence that the software is bug free. We run these test suites as part of the package compilation process and not infrequently find that the test suite doesn't run, I've been told that it's not expected for packagers to use it in the past. And of course tests fail. - -### Obscure Architectures ### - -In Ubuntu we have some obscure architectures. 64-bit Arm is likely to be a useful platform in the years to come. I'm not sure why we care about 64-bit powerpc, I can only assume someone has paid Canonical to care about it. Not infrequently we find software compiles fine on normal PCs but breaks on these obscure platforms and we need to debug why they is. This can be a slow process on ARM which takes an age to do anything, or very slow where I don't even have access to a machine to test on, but it's all part of being part of a distro with many use-cases. - -### Future Changes ### - -At Kubuntu we've never shared infrstructure with Debian despite having 99% the same packaging. This is because Ubuntu to an extent defines itself as being the technical awesomeness of Debian with smoother processes. But for some time Debian has used git while we've used the slower bzr (it was an early plan to make Ubuntu take over the world of distributed revision control with Bzr but then Git came along and turned out to be much faster even if harder to get your head around) and they've also moved to team maintainership so at last we're planning [shared repositories][11]. That'll mean many changes in our scripts but should remove much of the headache of merges each cycle. - -There's also a proposal to [move our packaging to daily builds][12] so we won't have to spend a lot of time updating packaging at every release. I'm skeptical if the hassle of the infrastructure for this plus fixing packaging problems as they occur each day will be less work than doing it for each release but it's worth a try. - -### ISO Testing ### - -Every 6 months we make an Ubuntu release (which includes all the flavours of which Ubuntu [Unity] is the flagship and Kubuntu is the most handsome) and there's alphas and betas before that which all need to be tested to ensure they actually install and run. Some of the pain of this has reduced since we've done away with the alternative (text debian-installer) images but we're nowhere near where Ubuntu [Unity] or OpenSUSE is with OpenQA where there are automated installs running all the time in various setups and some magic detects problems. I'd love to have this set up. - -I'd welcome comments on how any workflow here can be improved or how it compares to other distributions. It takes time but in Kubuntu we have a good track record of contributing fixes upstream and we all are part of KDE as well as Kubuntu. As well as the tasks I list above about checking copyright or co-installability I do Plasma releases currently, I just saw Harald do a Phonon release and Scott's just applied for a KDE account for fixes to PyKDE. And as ever we welcome more people to join us, we're in #kubuntu-devel where free hugs can be found, and we're having a whole day of Kubuntu love at Akademy. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://blogs.kde.org/2014/08/13/upstream-and-downstream-why-packaging-takes-time - -作者：[Jonathan Riddell][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:https://blogs.kde.org/users/jriddell -[1]:https://dot.kde.org/2014/08/12/first-bugfix-update-plasma-5 -[2]:https://dot.kde.org/2014/08/07/kde-frameworks-5.1 -[3]:http://www.kubuntu.org/news/kde-sc-4.13.3 -[4]:https://dot.kde.org/2014/07/18/kde-ships-july-updates-and-second-beta-applications-and-platform-414 -[5]:http://qa.kubuntu.co.uk/ninjas-status/build_status_4.13.97_utopic.html -[6]:https://community.kde.org/Kubuntu/Policies -[7]:https://techbase.kde.org/Policies/Binary_Compatibility_Issues_With_C++ -[8]:https://techbase.kde.org/Policies/Licensing_Policy -[9]:https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MultiArch -[10]:http://www.kubuntu.org/news/kde-sc-4.13.3 -[11]:http://lists.alioth.debian.org/pipermail/pkg-kde-talk/2014-August/001934.html -[12]:https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-devel/2014-August/008651.html \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/talk/20150205 GHOST--Another Security Bug Hits Linux, But is it That Bad.md b/sources/talk/20150205 GHOST--Another Security Bug Hits Linux, But is it That Bad.md deleted file mode 100644 index 90923c1aae..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20150205 GHOST--Another Security Bug Hits Linux, But is it That Bad.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ -GHOST: Another Security Bug Hits Linux, But is it That Bad? -================================================================================ -> GHOST, a newly announced security vulnerability that affects Linux servers and other systems that use the open source glibc library, is not as dangerous to data privacy as the Shellshock or Heartbleed bugs. - -![](http://thevarguy.com/site-files/thevarguy.com/files/imagecache/medium_img/uploads/2015/01/ghost-costume.jpg) - -Heartbleed is not even a year behind us, and the open source world has been hit with another major security vulnerability in the form of [GHOST][1], which involves holes in the Linux glibc library. This time, though, the actual danger may not live up to the hype. - -The GHOST vulnerability, which was announced last week by security researchers at [Qualys][2], resides in the gethostbyname*() functions of the glibc library. glibc is one of the core building blocks of most Linux systems, and gethostbyname*(), which resolves domain names into IP addresses, is widely used in open source applications. - -Attackers can exploit the GHOST security hole to create a buffer overflow, making it possible to execute any kind of code they want and do all sorts of nasty things. - -All of the above suggests that GHOST is bad news indeed. Fortunately for the open source community, however, the actual risk appears small. As TrendMicro [points out][3], the bug that makes the exploit possible has been fixed in glibc since May 2013, meaning that any Linux servers or PCs running more recent versions of the software are safe from attack. - -In addition, gethostbyname*() has been superseded by newer glibc functions that can better handle modern networking environments. Those include ones that use the IPv6 protocol, which gethostbyname*() doesn't support. As a result, newer applications often don't use the gethostbyname*() functions, and are not at risk. - -And perhaps most importantly, there's currently no known way of executing GHOST attacks through the Web. That greatly reduces opportunities for using this vulnerability to steal the data of unsuspecting users or otherwise wreak havoc. - -All in all, then, GHOST doesn't seem like a vulnerability that will prove as serious as Heartbleed or Shellshock, two other recent security problems that affected widely used open source software. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/020415/ghost-another-security-bug-hits-linux-it-bad - -作者：[Christopher Tozzi][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://thevarguy.com/author/christopher-tozzi -[1]:https://community.qualys.com/blogs/laws-of-vulnerabilities/2015/01/27/the-ghost-vulnerability -[2]:http://qualys.com/ -[3]:http://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/not-so-spooky-linux-ghost-vulnerability/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/talk/20150520 Is Linux Better than OS X GNU Open Source and Apple in History.md b/sources/talk/20150520 Is Linux Better than OS X GNU Open Source and Apple in History.md index 4a602997ad..9abc2f721f 100644 --- a/sources/talk/20150520 Is Linux Better than OS X GNU Open Source and Apple in History.md +++ b/sources/talk/20150520 Is Linux Better than OS X GNU Open Source and Apple in History.md @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +translating wi-cuckoo Is Linux Better than OS X? GNU, Open Source and Apple in History ================================================================================ > Tensions between the free software/open source community and Apple date back to the 1980s, Linux's founder called the core of Mac OS X "a piece of crap" and other anecdotes from software history. @@ -54,4 +55,4 @@ via: http://thevarguy.com/open-source-application-software-companies/051815/linu [7]:http://www.duntemann.com/AppleSnakeButton.jpg [8]:http://www.freibrun.com/articles/articl12.htm [9]:https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull18.html#SEC6 -[10]:https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull12.html \ No newline at end of file +[10]:https://www.gnu.org/bulletins/bull12.html diff --git a/sources/tech/20150126 Installing Cisco Packet tracer in Linux.md b/sources/tech/20150126 Installing Cisco Packet tracer in Linux.md index 539a624e1f..c55a04c12c 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150126 Installing Cisco Packet tracer in Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150126 Installing Cisco Packet tracer in Linux.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ -[Translating by DongShuaike] - Installing Cisco Packet tracer in Linux ================================================================================ ![](http://180016988.r.cdn77.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Main_picture.png) diff --git a/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md b/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md index 01a9dc18f9..1d5d3cd0d9 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150126 iptraf--A TCP or UDP Network Monitoring Utility.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ -[Trnslating by DongShuaike] - iptraf: A TCP/UDP Network Monitoring Utility ================================================================================ [iptraf][1] is an ncurses-based IP LAN monitor that generates various network statistics including TCP info, UDP counts, ICMP and OSPF information, Ethernet load info, node stats, IP checksum errors, and others. diff --git a/sources/tech/20150316 How to Test Your Internet Speed Bidirectionally from Command Line Using 'Speedtest-CLI' Tool.md b/sources/tech/20150316 How to Test Your Internet Speed Bidirectionally from Command Line Using 'Speedtest-CLI' Tool.md index ee125e70a6..a0c77c21f9 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150316 How to Test Your Internet Speed Bidirectionally from Command Line Using 'Speedtest-CLI' Tool.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150316 How to Test Your Internet Speed Bidirectionally from Command Line Using 'Speedtest-CLI' Tool.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ -translating by createyuan - How to Test Your Internet Speed Bidirectionally from Command Line Using ‘Speedtest-CLI’ Tool ================================================================================ We always need to check the speed of the Internet connection at home and office. What we do for this? Go to websites like Speedtest.net and begin test. It loads JavaScript in the web browser and then select best server based upon ping and output the result. It also uses a Flash player to produce graphical results. diff --git a/sources/tech/20150318 How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu.md b/sources/tech/20150318 How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu.md index d062a85336..ecfb639d54 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150318 How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150318 How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -translating by runningwater How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu ================================================================================ ![](http://cdn5.howtogeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/652x202xbanner-1.png.pagespeed.ic.VGSxDeVS9P.png) diff --git a/sources/tech/20150318 How to Use LVM on Ubuntu for Easy Partition Resizing and Snapshots.md b/sources/tech/20150318 How to Use LVM on Ubuntu for Easy Partition Resizing and Snapshots.md index 7554abd392..883c5e3203 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150318 How to Use LVM on Ubuntu for Easy Partition Resizing and Snapshots.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150318 How to Use LVM on Ubuntu for Easy Partition Resizing and Snapshots.md @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ + How to Use LVM on Ubuntu for Easy Partition Resizing and Snapshots ================================================================================ ![](http://cdn5.howtogeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ximg_55035707bbd74.png.pagespeed.ic.9_yebxUF1C.png) diff --git a/sources/tech/20150331 How to set up remote desktop on Linux VPS using x2go.md b/sources/tech/20150331 How to set up remote desktop on Linux VPS using x2go.md index 8b3eed8330..d89c91832e 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150331 How to set up remote desktop on Linux VPS using x2go.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150331 How to set up remote desktop on Linux VPS using x2go.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ -translating by createyuan - How to set up remote desktop on Linux VPS using x2go ================================================================================ As everything is moved to the cloud, virtualized remote desktop becomes increasingly popular in the industry as a way to enhance employee's productivity. Especially for those who need to roam constantly across multiple locations and devices, remote desktop allows them to stay connected seamlessly to their work environment. Remote desktop is attractive for employers as well, achieving increased agility and flexibility in work environments, lower IT cost due to hardware consolidation, desktop security hardening, and so on. diff --git a/sources/tech/20150410 7 Command Line Tools for Browsing Websites and Downloading Files in Linux.md b/sources/tech/20150410 7 Command Line Tools for Browsing Websites and Downloading Files in Linux.md index f736d8bae1..d291f34511 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150410 7 Command Line Tools for Browsing Websites and Downloading Files in Linux.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150410 7 Command Line Tools for Browsing Websites and Downloading Files in Linux.md @@ -1,4 +1,3 @@ -wangjiezhe translating... 7 Command Line Tools for Browsing Websites and Downloading Files in Linux ================================================================================ In the last article, we have covered few useful tools like ‘rTorrent‘, ‘wget‘, ‘cURL‘, ‘w3m‘, and ‘Elinks‘. We got lots of response to cover few other tools of same genre, if you’ve missed the first part you can go through it.. diff --git a/sources/tech/20150504 How to access a Linux server behind NAT via reverse SSH tunnel.md b/sources/tech/20150504 How to access a Linux server behind NAT via reverse SSH tunnel.md index d6a1df43c5..b67f5aee26 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150504 How to access a Linux server behind NAT via reverse SSH tunnel.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150504 How to access a Linux server behind NAT via reverse SSH tunnel.md @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ -translating by createyuan - How to access a Linux server behind NAT via reverse SSH tunnel ================================================================================ You are running a Linux server at home, which is behind a NAT router or restrictive firewall. Now you want to SSH to the home server while you are away from home. How would you set that up? SSH port forwarding will certainly be an option. However, port forwarding can become tricky if you are dealing with multiple nested NAT environment. Besides, it can be interfered with under various ISP-specific conditions, such as restrictive ISP firewalls which block forwarded ports, or carrier-grade NAT which shares IPv4 addresses among users. diff --git a/sources/tech/20150515 Install 'Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity.md b/sources/tech/20150515 Install 'Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity.md index 8d0d5ccbdf..5731cd69f4 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150515 Install 'Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150515 Install 'Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +FSSlc translating + Install ‘Tails 1.4′ Linux Operating System to Preserve Privacy and Anonymity ================================================================================ In this Internet world and the world of Internet we perform most of our task online be it Ticket booking, Money transfer, Studies, Business, Entertainment, Social Networking and what not. We spend a major part of our time online daily. It has been getting hard to remain anonymous with each passing day specially when backdoors are being planted by organizations like NSA (National Security Agency) who are putting their nose in between every thing that we come across online. We have least or no privacy online. All the searches are logged upon the basis of user Internet surfing activity and machine activity. @@ -176,4 +178,4 @@ via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-tails-1-4-linux-operating-system-to-preserve [5]:https://tails.boum.org/download/index.en.html#verify [6]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-linux-from-usb-device/ [7]:https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html -[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-virtualbox-on-redhat-centos-fedora/ \ No newline at end of file +[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-virtualbox-on-redhat-centos-fedora/ diff --git a/sources/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md b/sources/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md deleted file mode 100644 index 39546df146..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,79 +0,0 @@ -3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know -================================================================================ -The world of Linux is filled with so much fun and interesting stuffs, the more we go in, the more we find stuffs. In our efforts to bring those little hacks and tips for you that makes you different from others, here we have came up with three little tricks. - -### 1. How to Schedule a Linux Job Without Cron ### - -Scheduling a job/command in Linux is acronym to cron. Whenever we need to schedule a job, we call cron, but do you know we can schedule a job at a later time without corn? You can do it as suggested below.. - -Run a command (say date) every 5 sec and write the output to a file (say date.txt). To achieve this scenario, we need to run the below one liner script directly on the command prompt. - - $ while true; do date >> date.txt ; sleep 5 ; done & - -Anatomy of the above one liner script: - -- while true – Ask script to run while the condition is true, it acts as a loop which makes the command to run again-and-again or say in a loop. -- do – do perform what follows, ie., execute command or set of commands that lies ahead of do statement. -- date >> date.txt – here the output of date command is being written to a file date.txt. Also note that we have used >> and not >. -- >> ensures that the file (date.txt) is not overwritten every time the script execute. It just append the changes. Whereas > overwrite the file again and again. -- sleep 5 – It ask the shell to keep a time difference of 5 seconds before it executed again. Note the time here is always measured in seconds. Say if you want to execute the command every 6 minutes, you should use (6*60) 360, in succession of sleep. -- done – marks the end of while loop. -- & – Put the whole process in loop to background. - -Similarly, we can execute any script in the same manner. Here is the command to call a script after certain interval (say 100 sec) and the name of script is `script_name.sh`. - -Also worth mentioning that the script above should be run in the directory where the script to be called lies, else you need to provide full path (`/home/$USER/…/script_name.sh`). The syntax for calling script at above described interval is: - - $ while true; do /bin/sh script_name.sh ; sleep 100 ; done & - -**Conclusion**: The above one liner is not a replacement of Cron, because Cron utility supports a whole lots of options, as compared and is very flexible as well as customizable. However if we want to run certain test cases or I/O benchmark, then the above singe command will serve the purpose. - -Read Also: [11 Linux Cron Job Scheduling Examples][1] - -### 2. How to Clear Terminal without Using ‘clear’ Command ### - -What we do to clear the screen? Well you may think how silly it is to ask such question. Well, we all know it’s ‘clear‘ command. However if we make a habit of using key combination ‘ctrl+l‘ to clear terminal, we will save a lot of time of ours. - -Key combination ‘Ctrl+l‘ has the same effect as ‘clear‘ command. So from next time use ctrl+l to clear your Linux Command Line Interface. - -**Conclusion**: Since ctrl+l is a key combination, so we can not use it inside a script. If we need to clear screen inside a shell script, call command ‘clear’, for all other cases I could think of now, ctrl+l is more than sufficient. - -### 3. Run a command and come back to the current working directory automatically. ### - -Well this is an amazing hack not many people know. You may run a command no matter what it return back to the current directory. All you need to do is to run the command in parentheses i.e., in between `( and )`. - -Let see the example, - - avi@deb:~$ (cd /home/avi/Downloads/) - -#### Sample Output #### - - avi@deb:~ - -First it cd to directory Downloads and then again return back to home directory in one go. May be you believe that the command didn’t executed and for some reason one or another it is not throwing error, since there is no change in prompt. Lets do a little more tweak.. - - avi@deb:~$ (cd /home/avi/Downloads/ && ls -l) - -#### Sample Output #### - - -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text1.txt - -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text2.txt - -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text3.txt - avi@deb:~$ - -So in the above command it first changed the current directory to Downloads and then list the content of that directory before returning back to current directory. Also, it proves that command executed successfully. You may run any sort of command in the parentheses and return back to your current working directory without a hitch. - -That’s all for now, if you know any such Linux hacks or tricks you may share with us via our comment section and don’t forget to share this article with your friends…. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.tecmint.com/useful-linux-hacks-commands/ - -作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ -[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/11-cron-scheduling-task-examples-in-linux/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md b/sources/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md deleted file mode 100644 index 4dc3291ac9..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,82 +0,0 @@ -How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu -================================================================================ -![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Monitor_temperature_Ubuntu.png) - -Overheating of laptops is a common issue one faces these days. Monitoring hardware temperature may help you to diagnose why laptop is getting overheated. In this article, we’ll see **how to check CPU temperature in Ubuntu**. - -We are going to use a GUI tool [Psensor][1] that allows you to monitor hardware temperature in Linux. With Psensor you can: - -- monitor the temperature of the motherboard and CPU sensors -- monitor the temperature of the NVidia GPUs -- monitor the temperature of the Hard Disk Drives -- monitor the rotation speed of the fans -- monitor the CPU usage - -Latest version of Psensor also provides applet indicator for Ubuntu and thus it makes the monitoring of hardware temperature even easier in Ubuntu. You can choose to display the temperature right in the top panel itself. It even sends a desktop notification when the temperature exceeds the limit. - -### How to install Psensor in Ubuntu 15.04 and 14.04 ### - -Before you install Psensor, you need to install and configure [lm-sensors][2], a command line utility for hardware monitoring. If you want to measure hard disk temperature, you need to install [hddtemp][3] as well. To install these tools, run the following command in a terminal: - - sudo apt-get install lm-sensors hddtemp - -Then start the detection of your hardware sensors: - - sudo sensors-detect - -To make sure that it works, run the command below: - - sensors - -It will give you an output like: - - acpitz-virtual-0 - Adapter: Virtual device - temp1: +43.0°C (crit = +98.0°C) - - coretemp-isa-0000 - Adapter: ISA adapter - Physical id 0: +44.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) - Core 0: +41.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) - Core 1: +40.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) - -If everything seems alright, proceed with the installation of Psensor by using the command below: - - sudo apt-get install psensor - -Once installed, run the application by looking for it in Unity Dash. At first run, you should configure on what stats do you want to collect in Psensor. - -![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu.jpeg) - -### Display temperature in the panel ### - -If you want to show the temperature in the top panel, go to **Sensor Preferences**: - -![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_1.jpeg) - -Then under the **Application Indicator** menu, select the component for which you want to display the temperature and then check the **Display sensor in the label** option. - -![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_2.jpeg) - -### Start Psensor at each start up ### - -Go to **Preferences->Startup** and the check **Launch on session startup** to start Psensor at each boot. - -![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_3.jpeg) - -That’s it. All you need to monitor the CPU temperature is here. You can keep an eye on it and it may help you find out which process is overheating your computer. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://itsfoss.com/check-laptop-cpu-temperature-ubuntu/ - -作者：[Abhishek][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ -[1]:http://wpitchoune.net/blog/psensor/ -[2]:http://www.lm-sensors.org/ -[3]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Hddtemp \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md b/sources/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md deleted file mode 100644 index ebbfe264bc..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,92 +0,0 @@ -How to Kill Linux Processes/Unresponsive Applications Using ‘xkill’ Command -================================================================================ -How do we kill a resource/process in Linux? Obviously we find the PID of the resource and then pass the PID to the kill command. - -Speaking more accurately, we can find PID of a resource (say terminal) as: - - $ ps -A | grep -i terminal - - 6228 ? 00:00:00 gnome-terminal - -In the above output, the number ‘6228‘ is the PID of process (gnome-terminal), use the kill command to kill the process as shown below. - - $ kill 6228 - -The kill command sends a signal to a process, whose PID is passed along with the command. - -Alternatively, we can use pkill command, which kills a process based upon name and other attributes of a process. To kill a process say whose name is terminal, we need to execute: - - $ pkill terminal - -**Note**: The process name length in pkill is limited to 15 characters. - -pkill seems more handy as you can kill a process without have to find out its PID. But if you want to have a better control on your system nothing beats ‘kill‘ command. Using kill you will have better insight of what process you are killing. - -We have already covered a detailed guide on [kill, pkill and killall commands][1]. - -For those who are running X server there is another tool called xkill which can kill a process from its X window without passing process name or its PID. - -xkill utility forces X server to close communications to its client which results into killing of client by its X resource. xkill which is a part of X11 utilities is very handy in killing unnecessary windows. - -It support options like connect to specific X Server (-display displayname) using display number when multiple X Servers are running on a host simultaneously and kill all the client (-all, not recommended) with top-level windows on the screen as well as take frame (-frame) into account. - -To get a list of all the clients you may run: - - $ xlsclients - -#### Sample Output #### - - ' ' /usr/lib/libreoffice/program/soffice - deb gnome-shell - deb Docky - deb google-chrome-stable - deb soffice - deb gnome-settings-daemon - deb gnome-terminal-server - -If no resource identifier is passed with id, xkill turns the mouse Pointer into special Symbol, similar to ‘X‘. Just click on the window you want to kill and this will kill its communication with server or say the program gets killed. - - $ xkill - -![Xkill Command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Xkill.png) - -Kill Process Using xkill - -It is important to notice that xkill do not guarantee that closing its communication will kill/abort it successfully. Most of the application will get killed when it’s communication to server is closed. However a few may still be running. - -Points Needed to be mentioned here: - -- This tool works only when X11 server is running, as xkill is a part of X11 utility. -- Don’t confuse with Closing and killing a resource. While killing a resource you may expect it not to exit cleanly. -- This is not a replacement of kill utility. - -**Do I need to go to Linux command line to invoke xkill?** - -No, you don’t need to fire xkill from Linux Command Line. You may set a keyboard shortcut and call xkill just by punching same key combination. - -Here is how to setup a keyboard shortcut on a typical gnome3 Desktop Environment. - -Go to Settings –> Select Keyboard, click on ‘+’ and add name and command. Click on the new entry and press the key you want to use as shortcut key combination. I did Ctrl+Alt+Shift+x. - -![Gnome Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/22.png) - -Gnome Settings - -![Add Shortcut Key](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/31.png) - -Add Shortcut Key - -The next time you want to kill a X resource just call the key combination (Ctrl+Alt+Shift+x), and you will notice your mouse pointer changed into x. Click on x resource you want to kill and all done! - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://www.tecmint.com/kill-processes-unresponsive-programs-in-ubuntu/ - -作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ -[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-kill-a-process-in-linux/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/sources/tech/20150528 11 pointless but awesome Linux terminal tricks.md b/sources/tech/20150528 11 pointless but awesome Linux terminal tricks.md index 731f28df10..74baa5fb5b 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20150528 11 pointless but awesome Linux terminal tricks.md +++ b/sources/tech/20150528 11 pointless but awesome Linux terminal tricks.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +Translating by goreliu ... + 11 pointless but awesome Linux terminal tricks ================================================================================ Here are some great Linux terminal tips and tricks, each one as pointless as it is awesome. @@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ Want your terminal to do that scrolling text, l33t, Matrix-y thing? "cmatrix" is via: http://www.networkworld.com/article/2926630/linux/11-pointless-but-awesome-linux-terminal-tricks.html 作者：[Bryan Lunduke][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 diff --git a/sources/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md b/translated/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md similarity index 63% rename from sources/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md rename to translated/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md index 33aa731843..4986ffadf8 100644 --- a/sources/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md +++ b/translated/share/20150225 Install Google's Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux.md @@ -1,53 +1,69 @@ +sevenot translated Install Google’s Material Design Inspired GTK And Icon Theme Paper in Linux +来试试谷歌全新的设计语言Material Design和Linux下的图标主题Paper吧！灵感来源于图形工具包GTK。 ================================================================================ ![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Paper_theme_Material_Design.jpg) [Paper][1] is a new upcoming GTK and icon theme inspired by Google’s [Material design][2] guidelines. It is developed by Sam Hewitt, the man behind [Moka Project][3]. Moka has always been in the list of [best themes for Ubuntu][4] and looking at Paper, I can say that once it is developed completely, it will surely be listed as one of the [best GTK themes][5]. +Paper是一款即将与广大朋友们见面的一个图形工具包和图标主题，它的设计灵感来自于谷歌的设计语言Material design。Paper由Sam Hewitt发起，Sam是Moka项目的一员，Moka总会设计出让人满意的Ubuntu主题。对于Paper，我敢说只要它一经推出，它必将是最好的主题开发包之一。 Yes, you heard it right. The theme is still under development. Therefore I suggest that if you want to install Paper theme in Ubuntu or any other Linux distributions, do it only for experimentation purpose. You may see some broken icons here and there but the over all experience is nice. +对的，你没有听错，Paper主题还在开发阶段。因此我建议，如果你想在你的Ubuntu或者它的衍生版本上安装Paper，最好抱着试一试的实验心态。因为你多多少少会发现一些破损的图标，但这并不影响整个实验的运行。 ### Install Paper theme in Ubuntu based distributions via PPA ### - +通过PPA在Ubuntu及其衍生版本上安装Paper主题 Sam has a dedicated PPA for Ubuntu based distributions. I recommend that you use this PPA instead of downloading the theme because you’ll be getting the updates on the themes regularly. This PPA is available for Ubuntu 15.04, Ubuntu 14.10, Ubuntu 14.04, Elementary OS Freya, Elementary OS Luna, Linux Mint 17, Linux Mint 16 and other Linux distributions based on Ubuntu. +Sam为Ubuntu和它的衍生版本设置了一个专用的PPA(PresonalPackgeArchives,个人软件包档案)。我会介绍通过PPA安装而不是下载Paper主题，因为你将会定期更新主题。这个PPA可供使用的系统有Ubuntu 15.04, Ubuntu 14.10, Ubuntu 14.04, Elementary OS Freya, Elementary OS Luna, Linux Mint 17, Linux Mint 16 和其它的Ubuntu衍生版本。 Open a terminal and use the following commands: - +打开终端，输入下列命令： sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snwh/pulp sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install paper-gtk-theme paper-icon-theme ### Download Paper GTK and icon theme ### +下载Paper图形工具包和图标主题 If you do not want to use the PPA, you can download the themes and icons manually. As I said previously, you won’t get the updates automatically this way. +如果你不想用PPA，你可以手动下载主题和图标。但是就像刚才所说，这样你就无法自动更新。 - [Download Paper icon themes][6] - [Download Paper GTK themes][7] - +下载Paper图标主题 +下载Paper的GTK工具包 #### Using Paper themes and icons #### - +把它们用起来吧 I hope that you know how to change or install themes in your respective Linux distributions. If you are not unaware of it, below are few tutorials that could help you to install new themes: - +我希望你知道怎么在你的Ubuntu中安装或者更改主题。如果你不知道，下面几个教程将帮助你安装一个新的主题。 - [How to change themes in Ubuntu Unity][8] - [How to change themes in GNOME Shell][9] - [How to change themes in Linux Mint][10] - [How to change theme in Elementary OS Freya][11] +如何在标准Ubuntu中更改主题 +如何在GNOME桌面的Ubuntu中更改主题 +如何在Ubuntu Mint中更改主题 +如何在Elementary OS Freya中更改主题 #### Here is what Paper theme looks like #### +就是这样！ Since I am using [Elementary OS Freya][12] these days, here are some of the screenshots of how Paper theme and icons look like in Elementary OS Freya. I have used a wallpaper with Material design look so that it blends well with the icon and themes. +自从我开始用Elementary OS Freya以来，这里就存有一些Paper主题和图标的截图。我用了Material Design做了一个桌面，这样可以更好的兼容主题和图标。 ![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Material_Design_Paper_Theme_Elementary_OS_Freya_1.jpeg) ![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Material_Design_Paper_Theme_Elementary_OS_Freya.jpeg) How do you find this Material design inspired theme? If you did use it, do share the screenshot of your desktop with rest of us here. +你的Material design 设计灵感是什么呢？如果你在使用Material design ，在评论里和我们分享你的桌面截图吧！ + -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: http://itsfoss.com/install-paper-theme-linux/ 作者：[Abhishek][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) +译者：[sevenot](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 @@ -64,4 +80,4 @@ via: http://itsfoss.com/install-paper-theme-linux/ [9]:http://itsfoss.com/install-switch-themes-gnome-shell/ [10]:http://itsfoss.com/install-icon-linux-mint/ [11]:http://itsfoss.com/install-themes-icons-elementary-os-freya/ -[12]:http://itsfoss.com/tag/elementary-os-freya/ \ No newline at end of file +[12]:http://itsfoss.com/tag/elementary-os-freya/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md b/translated/tech/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md deleted file mode 100644 index 901fbf603e..0000000000 --- a/translated/tech/20150318 How to share a directory with Samba on Fedora or CentOS.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,144 +0,0 @@ -FedoraCentOSʹSambaļ -================================================================================ -ڼǰ칫ͬĵ֮乲ļѲʲôˡ£ִϵͳͨļϵͳķʽʹõԼݵĽü򵥶͸Ļм΢WindowsLinuxôһļĿ¼ķʽͨһƽ̨ļЭ,SMB/CIFSWindowsȻ֧SMB/CIFSLinuxҲͨԴSambaʵSMB/CIFSЭ顣 - -ƪУǽչʾ**ʹSambaļ**ʹõLinuxƽ̨**FedoraCentOS**ƪ·ΪIJ֡ȣFedora/CentOS°װSambeţεSELinuxͷǽSambaļǽʹSambaļС - -### 1FedoraCentOSϰװSamba ### - -ȣװSambaԼһЩá - -SambaǷѾװϵͳУ - - $ rpm -q samba samba-common samba-client - -ûκζSambaδװʱӦʹװSamba - - $ sudo yum install samba samba-common samba-client - -һйıļСļӦSambaķʽԶ̵ûָУǻڶļ'/'дļУˣȷӦȨޡ - - $ sudo mkdir /shared - -homeļڴļУ磬~/shared뼤SELinuxSambahomeļйѡ彫ںᵽ - -ڴ/sharedļкļȨԱ֤ûԷ - - $ sudo chmod o+rw /shared - -ûԸļӵдȨޣҪƳе'w'ѡ - - $ sudo chmod o+r /shared - -һļԡļԱ֤SambaĹѾء - - $ sudo touch /shared/file1 - -### 2ΪSambaSELinux ### - -ҪٴSELinuxFedoraCentOSаSELinuxĬϿġSELinuxȷİȫ²Sambaȡ޸ļļС磬'samba_share_t'Աǩ - -ΪļӱҪıǩ - - $ sudo semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t "(/.*)?" - -滻Ϊ֮ǰΪSambaıļУ磬/shared - - $ sudo semanage fcontext -a -t samba_share_t "/shared(/.*)?" - -DZִrestorecon޸ĵıǩ£ - - $ sudo restorecon -R -v /shared - -![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8584/16652774078_2055f45f70_b.jpg) - -ΪͨSambahomeļڵļУDZSELinuxпhomeļеѡѡĬϱرաܴﵽЧδhomeļУôò衣 - - $ sudo setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs 1 - -### 3ΪSamba÷ǽ ### - -򿪷ǽSambaΪҪTCP/UDP˿ڡ - -ʹfirewalld磬FedoraCentOS7£õ޸Sambaصķǽ - - $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=samba - -ڷǽʹiptables磬CentOS6߸İ汾ʹSambaҪĶ˿ڡ - - $ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables - ----------- - - -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT - -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 445 -j ACCEPT - -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT - -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 138 -j ACCEPT - -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT - -Ȼiptables - - $ sudo service iptables restart - -### 4Samba ### - -IJSambaԽļеΪSambaļС - -ʹļ༭Sambaļӵļĩβ - - $ sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf - ----------- - - [myshare] - comment=my shared files - path=/shared - public=yes - writeable=yes - -ڵı磬"myshare"SambaԴ֣ԶȡSamba - -Sambaûʻǹغ͵SambaļϵͳġǿʹsmbpasswdһSambaûע⣬SambaûʻLinuxûѴڵġʹsmbpasswdһڵû᷵һϢ - -ʹκѴڵLinuxûΪSambaûϵͳдһµûΪȫûĵ¼űΪ/sbin/nologinҲûhomeļС - -Уڴһ"sambaguest"û£ - - $ sudo useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin sambaguest - $ sudo passwd sambaguest - -![](https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8702/16814479366_53f540d3ba_b.jpg) - -ڴһûʹsmbpasswdSambaûѯһʱԼһͬڸû롣 - - $ sudo smbpasswd -a sambaguest - -4. Samba񣬲SambaǷС - - $ sudo systemctl enable smb.service - $ sudo systemctl start smb.service - $ sudo systemctl is-active smb - -![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7607/16652984770_622f24bccc_b.jpg) - -ʹ鿴Sambaйļб - - $ smbclient -U sambaguest -L localhost - -![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7281/16220411103_06bf585901_b.jpg) - -ThunarļдȡSambaļԼfile1пƵĽͼע⣬SambaĹݿͨThunarͨ"smb:///myshare"ַȡ - -![](https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7644/16218011174_c8b34fcedc_b.jpg) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: http://xmodulo.com/share-directory-samba-fedora-centos.html - -ߣ[Kristophorus Hadiono][a] -ߣ[wwy-hust](https://github.com/wwy-hust) -Уԣ[УID](https://github.com/УID) - - [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) ԭ룬[Linuxй](http://linux.cn/) Ƴ - -[a]:http://xmodulo.com/author/kristophorus diff --git a/translated/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md b/translated/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..25c1ef3e3d --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150527 3 Useful Hacks Every Linux User Must Know.md @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +每个Linux用户都应该知道的3个有用技巧 +================================================================================ +Linux世界充满了乐趣，我们越深入进去，就会发现越多有趣的事物。我们会努力给你提供一些小技巧，让你和其他人有所不同，下面就是我们准备的3个小技巧。 + +### 1. 如何在不使用Cron的情况调度Linux下的作业 ### +在Linux下，调度一个作业/命令可以缩写为Cron。当我们需要调度一个作业时，我们会使用Cron，但你知道我们在不使用Cron的情况也可以调度一个在将来时间运行的作业吗？你可以按照如下建议操作…… + +每5秒钟运行一个命令（date）然后将结果写入到一个文件（data.txt）。为了实现这一点，我们可以直接在命令提示符运行如下单行脚本。 + + $ while true; do date >> date.txt ; sleep 5 ; done & + +上述脚本的解释： + +- `while true` ：让脚本进入一个条件总为真的循环中，也就是制造一个死循环，将里边的命令一遍遍地重复运行。 +- `do` ：`do`是`while`语句中的关键字，它之后的命令会被执行，在它后边可以放置一个或一系列命令。 +- `date >> date.txt` ：运行date命令，并将其输出写入到data.txt文件中。注意我们使用`>>`，而不是`>`。 +- `>>` ：对文件（date.txt）进行追加写的操作，这样每次运行命令后，输出内容会被追加到文件中。如果使用`>`的话，则会一遍遍地覆盖之前的内容。 +- `sleep 5` ：让脚本处于5秒睡眠状态，然后再运行之后的命令。注意这里的时间单位只能用秒。也就是说如果你想让命令每6分钟运行一次，你应该使用`sleep 360`。 +- `done` ：`while`循环语句块结束的标记。 +- `&` ：将整个进程放到后台运行。 + +类似地，我们可以这样运行任何脚本。下边的例子是每100秒运行一个名为`script_name.sh`的脚本。 + +另外值得一提的是上边的脚本文件必须处于当前目录中，否则需要使用完整路径（`/home/$USER/…/script_name.sh`）。实现如上功能的单行脚本如下： + + $ while true; do /bin/sh script_name.sh ; sleep 100 ; done & + +**总结**：上述的单行脚本并不是Cron的替代品，因为Cron工具支持众多选项，更加灵活，可定制性也更高。然而如果我们想运行某些测试，比如I/O评测，上述的单行脚本也管用。 + +还可以参考：[11 Linux Cron Job Scheduling Examples][1] + +### 2. 如何不使用clear命令清空终端的内容 ### + +你如何清空终端的内容？你可能会认为这是一个傻问题。好吧，大家都清楚可以使用`clear`命令。如果养成使用`ctrl + l`快捷键的习惯，我们会节省大量时间。 + +`Ctrl + l`快捷键的效果和`clear`命令一样。所以下一次你就可以使用`ctrl + l`来清空终端的内容了。 + +**总结**：因为`ctrl + l`是一个快捷键，我们不可以在脚本中使用。所以如果我们需要在脚本中清空屏幕内容，还是需要使用`clear`命令。但我能想到的所有其他情况，`ctrl + l`都更加有效。 + +### 3. 运行一个命令，然后自动回到当前的工作目录 ### + +这是一个很多人可能不知道的令人吃惊的技巧。你可能想运行任何一个命令，然后再回到当前目录。你只需要将命令放在一个圆括号里。 + +我们来看一个例子： + + avi@deb:~$ (cd /home/avi/Downloads/) + +#### 示例输出 #### + + avi@deb:~ + +它首先会cd到Downloads目录，然后又回到了之前的家目录。也许你认为里边的命令根本没有执行，或者是出了某种错误，因为从命令提示符看不出任何变化。让我们简单修改一下这个命令： + + avi@deb:~$ (cd /home/avi/Downloads/ && ls -l) + +#### 示例输出 #### + + -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text1.txt + -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text2.txt + -rw-r----- 1 avi avi 54272 May 3 18:37 text3.txt + avi@deb:~$ + +在上述命令中，它首先进入Downloads目录，然后列出文件内容，最后又回到了当前目录。并且它证明了命令成功执行了。你可以在括号中包含任何命令，执行完都会顺利返回到当前目录。 + +这就是全部内容了，如果你知道任何类似的Linux技巧，你可以在文章下面的评论框中分享给我们，不要忘记将本文和朋友分享 :) + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.tecmint.com/useful-linux-hacks-commands/ + +作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] +译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ +[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/11-cron-scheduling-task-examples-in-linux/ \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/translated/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md b/translated/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ace8999edb --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150527 How To Check Laptop CPU Temperature In Ubuntu.md @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ +如何在Ubuntu中检查笔记本CPU的温度 +================================================================================ +![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Monitor_temperature_Ubuntu.png) + +笔记本过热是最近一个常见的问题。监控硬件温度或许可以帮助你诊断笔记本为什么会过热。本篇中，我们会**了解如何在Ubuntu中检查CPU的温度**。 + +我们将使用一个GUI工具[Psensor][1],它允许你在Linux中监控硬件温度。用Psensor你可以： + +- 监控cpu和主板的温度 +- 监控NVidia GPU的文档 +- 监控硬盘的温度 +- 监控风扇的速度 +- 监控CPU的利用率 + +Psensor最新的版本同样提供了Ubuntu中的指示小程序，这样使得在Ubuntu中监控温度变得更加容易。你可以选择在面板的右上角显示温度。它还会在温度上过阈值后通知。 + + +### 如何在Ubuntu 15.04 和 14.04中安装Psensor ### + +在安装Psensor前，你需要安装和配置[lm-sensors][2]，一个用于硬件监控的命令行工具。如果你想要测量磁盘温度，你还需要安装[hddtemp][3]。要安装这些工具，运行下面的这些命令: + + sudo apt-get install lm-sensors hddtemp + +接着开始检测硬件传感器： + + sudo sensors-detect + +要确保已经工作，运行下面的命令： + + sensors + +它会给出下面这样的输出： + + acpitz-virtual-0 + Adapter: Virtual device + temp1: +43.0°C (crit = +98.0°C) + + coretemp-isa-0000 + Adapter: ISA adapter + Physical id 0: +44.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) + Core 0: +41.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) + Core 1: +40.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) + +如果一切看上去没问题，使用下面的命令安装Psensor： + + sudo apt-get install psensor + +安装完成后，在Unity Dash中运行程序。第一次运行时,你应该配置Psensor该监控什么状态。 + +![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu.jpeg) + +### 在面板显示温度 ### + +如果你想要在面板中显示温度，进入**Sensor Preferences**: + +![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_1.jpeg) + +在 **Application Indicator** 菜单下，选择你想要显示温度的组件并勾上 **Display sensor in the label** 选项。 + +![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_2.jpeg) + +### 每次启动启动Psensor ### + +进入 **Preferences->Startup** 并选择 **Launch on session startup** 使每次启动时启动Psensor。 + +![](http://itsfoss.itsfoss.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Psensor_Ubuntu_3.jpeg) + +就是这样。你所要做的就是在这里监控CPU温度。你可以时刻注意并帮助你找出使计算机过热的进程。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://itsfoss.com/check-laptop-cpu-temperature-ubuntu/ + +作者：[Abhishek][a] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/ +[1]:http://wpitchoune.net/blog/psensor/ +[2]:http://www.lm-sensors.org/ +[3]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Hddtemp diff --git a/translated/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md b/translated/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..20211ab6bf --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20150527 How to Kill Linux Processes or Unresponsive Applications Using 'xkill' Command.md @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +如何使用xkill命令傻点Linux进程/未响应的程序 +================================================================================ +我们如何在Linux中杀掉一个资源/进程？很明显我们会找出资源的pid然后用kill命令。 + +更准确一点，我们可以找到资源（这里就是terminal）的PID： + + $ ps -A | grep -i terminal + + 6228 ? 00:00:00 gnome-terminal + +上面的输出中，‘6288’就是进程（gnome-terminal）的pid， 使用下面的命令来杀掉进程。 + + $ kill 6228 + +kill命令会发送一个信号给该pid的进程。 + +另外一个方法是我们可以使用pkill命令,它可以基于进程的名字或者其他的属性来杀掉进程。同样我们要杀掉一个叫terminal的进程可以这么做： + + $ pkill terminal + +**注意**: pkill命令后面进程名的长度不大于15个字符 + +pkill看上去更加容易上手，因为你你不用找出进程的pid。但是如果你要对系统做更好的控制，那么没有什么可以打败'kill'。使用kill命令可以更好地审视你要杀掉的进程。 + +我们已经有一篇覆盖了[kill、pkill和killall命令][1]间细节的指导了。 + +对于那些运行X Server的人而言，有另外一个工具称为xkill可以将进程从X Window中杀掉而不必传递它的名字或者pid。 + +xkill工具强制X server关闭于它客户端之间的联系，这可以让X resource关闭这个客户端。xkill是X11工具集中一个非常容易上手的杀掉无用窗口的工具。 + +它支持的选项如在同时运行多个X Server时使用-display选项后面跟上显示号连接到指定的X server，使用-all(并不建议)杀掉所有在屏幕上的所遇顶层窗口，同时将帧（-frame）也计算在内。 + +要得到所有的客户端你可以运行： + + $ xlsclients + +#### 示例输出 #### + + ' ' /usr/lib/libreoffice/program/soffice + deb gnome-shell + deb Docky + deb google-chrome-stable + deb soffice + deb gnome-settings-daemon + deb gnome-terminal-server + +如果后面没有跟上资源id，xkill会将鼠标指针变成一个特殊符号，类似于“X”。只需在你要杀掉的窗口上点击，它就会杀掉它与server端的通信，这个程序就被杀掉了。 + + + $ xkill + +![Xkill Command](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Xkill.png) + +使用xkill杀掉进程 + +需要注意的是xkill并不能保证它的通信会被成功杀掉/退出。大多数程序会在与服务端的通信被关闭后杀掉。然而仍有少部分会继续运行。 + +需要指出的点是： + +- 这个工具只能在X11 server运行的时候才能使用，因为这是X11工具的一部分。 +- 不要在你杀掉一个资源而它没有完全退出时而困惑。 +- 这不是kill的替代品 + +**我需要在linux命令行中使用xkill么** + +不是，你不必在命令行中运行xkill。你可以设置一个快捷键，并用它来调用xkill。 + +下面是如何在典型的gnome3桌面中设置键盘快捷键。 + +进入设置-> 选择键盘。点击'+'并添加一个名字和命令。点击点击新条目并按下你想要的组合键。我的是Ctrl+Alt+Shift+x。 + +![Gnome Settings](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/22.png) + +Gnome 设置 + +![Add Shortcut Key](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/31.png) + +添加快捷键 + +下次你要杀掉X资源只要用组合键就行了（Ctrl+Alt+Shift+x），你看到你的鼠标变成x了。点击想要杀掉的x资源就行了。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: http://www.tecmint.com/kill-processes-unresponsive-programs-in-ubuntu/ + +作者：[Avishek Kumar][a] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/avishek/ +[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-kill-a-process-in-linux/