mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
geekpi
GitHub
commit
9fed634a4a
@ -1,131 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How to Convert a Webpage to PDF in Linux"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/convert-webpage-pdf-linux/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: "geekpi"
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
How to Convert a Webpage to PDF in Linux
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Saving a webpage as a PDF comes in handy when you archive certain resources or use them for educational purposes.
|
||||
|
||||
But, how do you convert a webpage to PDF in Linux?
|
||||
|
||||
_**You can either choose to go the easy way out using the web browser (GUI) on every Linux distribution or use the terminal to turn a webpage into a PDF file.**_
|
||||
|
||||
Here, I shall mention both the methods to help you get the job done.
|
||||
|
||||
### Method 1: Converting a Webpage to PDF Using Web Browser
|
||||
|
||||
Even though I use Mozilla Firefox for this tutorial, you can do the same thing with any of the [best browsers available for Linux.][1]
|
||||
|
||||
![][2]
|
||||
|
||||
1\. Load up the webpage you want to convert.
|
||||
|
||||
2\. Head to the browser menu to find the “**Print**” option or use the keyboard shortcut “**Ctrl + P**.”
|
||||
|
||||
3\. By default, it should let you save it as a PDF. You need to hit “Save,” and choose the destination and save the webpage.
|
||||
|
||||
![Save webpage as PDF in Mozilla Firefox][3]
|
||||
|
||||
The one major problem with this simple approach is that it includes all the elements on the page. This may include comments, footer etc. You may use a PDF editor to remove parts of it but that’s an additional task.
|
||||
|
||||
_**A better option is to utilize a browser extension like [Print Friendly][4]. It allows you to edit and remove parts of the webpage before downloading the PDF.**_
|
||||
|
||||
### Method 2: Converting a Webpage to PDF or Images Using the Terminal
|
||||
|
||||
You probably already know that you can [browse internet in Linux terminal][5] and even [download files using the command line][6]. That’s not surprising considering you can do a lot more in the terminal, including downloading a webpage as PDF.
|
||||
|
||||
A nifty open-source command-line tools **wkhtmltopdf** and **wkhtmltoimage** come to the rescue that lets you convert any HTML webpage to a PDF or image file.
|
||||
|
||||
It utilizes the Qt WebKit rendering engine to get the task done. You can explore its [GitHub page][7] for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
You should be able to install it from the default repository of your Linux distribution. For Ubuntu-based distros, you can type in the command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install wkhtmltopdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
It is pretty straightforward to use no matter whether you want to convert it to a PDF or image file:
|
||||
|
||||
![][8]
|
||||
|
||||
To convert a webpage into a PDF, type in:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf URL/domain filename.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
As an example, here’s how it would look:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can choose to use the complete URL as “**<https://linuxmint.com**”> or use the domain name as shown in the example above.
|
||||
|
||||
The file generated will be saved in the home directory by default.
|
||||
|
||||
You also get a few exciting options when converting a webpage.
|
||||
|
||||
For instance, you can **apply a grayscale filter to the PDF file**, **make multiple copies of the page** in the same file, and **exclude images** during conversion.
|
||||
|
||||
The grayscale filter may not work on every webpage, but you can try that using the command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf -g google.com googlepage.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To make multiple copies of pages in the same PDF file, the command would be:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf --copies 2 linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
And, if you want to exclude images from the web pages, just type:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf --no-images linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Additionally, if you want to convert a webpage as an image, the command would look like this:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltoimage linuxmint.com mint.png
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Note that unlike the GUI method using a browser, using these tools via the terminal has its limitation. It does not seem to convert web pages utilizing any <iframe> code snippets successfully.
|
||||
|
||||
Sites like ours and even DuckDuckGo didn’t convert to PDF or an image. However, simple HTML sites like Linuxmint.com, Ubuntu.com, Google.com, worked like charm.
|
||||
|
||||
### Wrapping Up
|
||||
|
||||
To get the best results, saving a webpage as a PDF using a browser seems to be the way to go. But, if you want more options and go through the terminal, the **wkhtmltopdf** utility should come in handy.
|
||||
|
||||
How do you prefer to convert web pages to PDF in Linux? Feel free to share your thoughts in the comments.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/convert-webpage-pdf-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-browsers-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[2]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/mozilla-save-webpage-pdf.png?resize=800%2C536&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/mozilla-firefox-print-pdf-1.png?resize=602%2C584&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://www.printfriendly.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/terminal-web-browsers/
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/
|
||||
[7]: https://github.com/wkhtmltopdf/wkhtmltopdf
|
||||
[8]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/htmltopdf-mint.png?resize=736%2C344&ssl=1
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
|
||||
[#]: subject: "How to Convert a Webpage to PDF in Linux"
|
||||
[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/convert-webpage-pdf-linux/"
|
||||
[#]: author: "Ankush Das https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/"
|
||||
[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
|
||||
[#]: translator: "geekpi"
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: " "
|
||||
[#]: publisher: " "
|
||||
[#]: url: " "
|
||||
|
||||
如何在 Linux 下将网页转换为 PDF 文件
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
当你将某些资源存档或用于教育目的时，将网页保存为 PDF 是很方便的。
|
||||
|
||||
But, how do you convert a webpage to PDF in Linux?
|
||||
但是，你如何在 Linux 中把一个网页转换成 PDF？
|
||||
|
||||
_**你可以选择使用每个 Linux 发行版上的网页浏览器（GUI），或者使用终端将网页变成 PDF 文件。**_
|
||||
|
||||
在这里，我将提到这两种方法来帮助你完成工作。
|
||||
|
||||
### 方法 1：使用网页浏览器将网页转换为 PDF 文件
|
||||
|
||||
尽管我在本教程中使用的是 Mozilla Firefox，但你也可以用任何[可用于 Linux 的最佳浏览器][1]做同样的事情。
|
||||
|
||||
![][2]
|
||||
|
||||
1\. 加载你想转换的网页。
|
||||
|
||||
2\. 在浏览器菜单中找到“**打印**”选项，或使用键盘快捷键 “**Ctrl + P**”。
|
||||
|
||||
3\. 默认情况下，它应该让你把它保存为 PDF。你需要点击“保存”，然后选择目的地并保存网页。
|
||||
|
||||
![Save webpage as PDF in Mozilla Firefox][3]
|
||||
|
||||
这种简单方法的一个主要问题是，它包括页面上的所有元素。这可能包括评论、页脚等。你可以用一个 PDF 编辑器来删除部分内容，但这是一个额外的任务。
|
||||
|
||||
_**更好的选择是利用一个浏览器扩展，如 [Print Friendly][4]。它允许你在下载 PDF 之前编辑和删除网页的部分内容**_。
|
||||
|
||||
### 方法 2：使用终端将网页转换为 PDF 或图片
|
||||
|
||||
你可能已经知道，你可以[在 Linux 终端浏览互联网][5]，甚至[使用命令行下载文件][6]。这并不奇怪，因为你可以在终端中做更多的事情，包括将网页下载为 PDF。
|
||||
|
||||
一个灵巧的开源命令行工具 **wkhtmltopdf** 和 **wkhtmltoimage** 来拯救你，让你把任何 HTML 网页转换成 PDF 或图像文件。
|
||||
|
||||
它使用 Qt WebKit 渲染引擎来完成这个任务。你可以浏览它的 [GitHub页面][7] 了解更多信息。
|
||||
|
||||
你应该能够从你的 Linux 发行版的默认仓库中安装它。对于基于 Ubuntu 的发行版，你可以输入以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt install wkhtmltopdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
无论你想把它转换为 PDF 还是图像文件，它的使用都是非常直接的：
|
||||
|
||||
![][8]
|
||||
|
||||
要将一个网页转换成 PDF，请输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf URL/domain filename.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
比如，类似于这样：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你可以选择使用 “**<https://linuxmint.com>**” 完整的 URL 或使用域名，如上面的例子所示。
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下，生成的文件将保存在主目录下。
|
||||
|
||||
在转换网页时，你还可以得到一些令人兴奋的选项。
|
||||
|
||||
例如，你可以**对 PDF 文件应用灰度过滤器**，在同一文件中**制作多个页面副本**，以及在转换过程中**排除**图像。
|
||||
|
||||
灰度过滤器不一定对每个网页都有效，但你可以用命令试试：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf -g google.com googlepage.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要在同一个 PDF 文件中复制多个页面，命令是：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf --copies 2 linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
而且，如果你想排除网页中的图像，只需输入：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltopdf --no-images linuxmint.com mint.pdf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
此外，如果你想把一个网页转换为图像，命令是这样的：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
wkhtmltoimage linuxmint.com mint.png
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
注意，与使用浏览器的 GUI 方法不同，通过终端使用这些工具有其局限性。它似乎不能成功转换利用任何 <iframe> 代码片段的网页。
|
||||
|
||||
像我们的网站，甚至 DuckDuckGo 都没有转换为 PDF 或图像。然而，简单的 HTML 网站，如 Linuxmint.com、Ubuntu.com、Google.com 则非常有效。
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
为了得到最好的结果，使用浏览器将网页保存为 PDF 似乎是个好办法。但是，如果你想有更多的选择并通过终端，**wkhtmltopdf** 工具应该会派上用场。
|
||||
|
||||
你喜欢如何在 Linux 中把网页转换为 PDF？欢迎在评论中分享你的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/convert-webpage-pdf-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ankush Das][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/best-browsers-ubuntu-linux/
|
||||
[2]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/mozilla-save-webpage-pdf.png?resize=800%2C536&ssl=1
|
||||
[3]: https://i2.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/mozilla-firefox-print-pdf-1.png?resize=602%2C584&ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://www.printfriendly.com/
|
||||
[5]: https://itsfoss.com/terminal-web-browsers/
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/download-files-from-linux-terminal/
|
||||
[7]: https://github.com/wkhtmltopdf/wkhtmltopdf
|
||||
[8]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/htmltopdf-mint.png?resize=736%2C344&ssl=1
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user