mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-13 22:30:37 +08:00
翻译完成
This commit is contained in:
Rubik
parent
8f44fe3613
commit
9fbcb0f956
@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[Translating] Haohong Wang
|
||||
How to Setup Lighttpd Web server on Ubuntu 15.04 / CentOS 7
|
||||
=================================================================================
|
||||
|
||||
Lighttpd is an open source web server which is secure, fast, compliant, and very flexible and is optimized for high-performance environments. It uses very low memory compared to other web servers , small CPU load and speed optimization making it popular among the server for its efficiency and speed. Its advanced feature-set (FastCGI, CGI, Auth, Output-Compression, URL-Rewriting and many more) makes lighttpd the perfect webserver-software for every server that suffers load problems.
|
||||
|
||||
Here are some simple easy setups on how we can setup Lighttpd web server on our machine running Ubuntu 15.04 or CentOS 7 linux distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing Lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
#### Installing using Package Manager
|
||||
|
||||
Here, we'll install Lighttpd using package manager as its the easiest method to install it. So, we can simply run the following command under `sudo` mode in a terminal or console to install Lighttpd.
|
||||
|
||||
**CentOS 7**
|
||||
|
||||
As lighttpd is not available in the official repository of CentOS 7, we'll need to install epel additional repository to our system. To do so, we'll need to run the following `yum` command.
|
||||
|
||||
# yum install epel-release
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll gonna update our system and proceed towards the installation of lighttpd.
|
||||
|
||||
# yum update
|
||||
# yum install lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Ubuntu 15.04**
|
||||
|
||||
Lighttpd is available on the official repository of Ubuntu 15.04 so, we'll simply update our local repository index and then go for the installation of lighttpd using `apt-get` command.
|
||||
|
||||
# apt-get update
|
||||
# apt-get install lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### Installing from Source
|
||||
|
||||
If we wanna install lighttpd from the latest version of source code ie 1.4.39, we'll need to compile the source code and install it into our system. First of all, we'll need to install the dependencies required to compile it.
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /tmp/
|
||||
# wget http://download.lighttpd.net/lighttpd/releases-1.4.x/lighttpd-1.4.39.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
After its downloaded, we'll need to extract it the tarball by running the following.
|
||||
|
||||
# tar -zxvf lighttpd-1.4.39.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll compile it by running the following commands.
|
||||
|
||||
# cd lighttpd-1.4.39
|
||||
# ./configure
|
||||
# make
|
||||
|
||||
**Note:** In this tutorial, we are installing lighttpd with its standard configuration. If you wanna configure beyond the standard configuration and want to install more features like support for SSL, `mod_rewrite`, `mod_redirect` then you can configure.
|
||||
|
||||
Once, its compiled, we'll install it in our system.
|
||||
|
||||
# make install
|
||||
|
||||
### Configuring Lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
If we need to configure our lighttpd web server further as our requirements, we can make changes to the default configuration file ie `/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf` . As wee'll go with the default configuration here in this tutorial, we'll not gonna make changes to it. If we had made any changes and we wanna check for errors in the config file, we'll need to run the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd -t -f /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#### On CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
If we are running CentOS 7, we'll need to create a new directory for our webroot defined in our lighttpd's default configuration ie `/src/www/htdocs/` .
|
||||
|
||||
# mkdir -p /srv/www/htdocs/
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll copy the default welcome page from `/var/www/lighttpd/` directory to the above created directory.
|
||||
|
||||
# cp -r /var/www/lighttpd/* /srv/www/htdocs/
|
||||
|
||||
### Starting and Enabling Services
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we'll gonna restart our database server by executing the following `systemctl` command.
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl start lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll enable it to start automatically in every system boot.
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl enable lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
### Allowing Firewall
|
||||
|
||||
To allow our webpages or websites running lighttpd web server on the internet or inside the same network, we'll need to allow port 80 from the firewall program. As both CentOS 7 and Ubuntu 15.04 are shipped with systemd as the default init system, we will have firewalld installed as a firewall solution. To allow port 80 or http service, we'll need to run the following commands.
|
||||
|
||||
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
|
||||
success
|
||||
# firewall-cmd --reload
|
||||
success
|
||||
|
||||
### Accessing Web Server
|
||||
|
||||
As we have allowed port 80 which is the default port of lighttpd, we should be able to access lighttpd's welcome page by default. To do so, we'll need to point our browser to the ip address or domain of our machine running lighttpd according to our configuration. In this tutorial, we'll point our browser to [http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/](http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/) as we have pointed our sub-domain to its ip address. On doing so, we'll see the following welcome page in our browser.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Further, we can add our website's files to the webroot directory and remove the default lighttpd's index file to make our static website live to the internet.
|
||||
|
||||
If we want to run our PHP application in our lighttpd webserver, we'll need to follow the following steps.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing PHP5 Modules
|
||||
|
||||
Once our lighttpd is installed successfully, we'll need to install PHP and some PHP modules to run PHP5 scripts in our lighttpd web server.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On Ubuntu 15.04
|
||||
|
||||
# apt-get install php5 php5-cgi php5-fpm php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php5-imagick php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php-pear
|
||||
|
||||
#### On CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
# yum install php php-cgi php-fpm php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-intl php-pecl-imagick php-mcrypt php-memcache php-pear lighttpd-fastcgi
|
||||
|
||||
### Configuring Lighttpd with PHP
|
||||
|
||||
To make PHP work with lighttpd web server, we'll need to follow the following methods respect to the distribution we are running.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
First of all, we'll need to edit our php configuration ie `/etc/php.ini` and uncomment a line **cgi.fix_pathinfo=1** using a text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/php.ini
|
||||
|
||||
After its done, we'll need to change the ownership of PHP-FPM process from apache to lighttpd. To do so, we'll need to open the configuration file `/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf` using a text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll append the file with the following configurations.
|
||||
|
||||
user = lighttpd
|
||||
group = lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
Once done, we'll need to save the file and exit the text editor. Then, we'll need to include fastcgi module from `/etc/lighttpd/modules.conf` configuration file.
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/lighttpd/modules.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll need to uncomment the following line by removing `#` from it.
|
||||
|
||||
include "conf.d/fastcgi.conf"
|
||||
|
||||
At last, we'll need to configure our fastcgi configuration file using our favorite text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/lighttpd/conf.d/fastcgi.conf
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll need to add the following lines at the end of the file.
|
||||
|
||||
fastcgi.server += ( ".php" =>
|
||||
((
|
||||
"host" => "127.0.0.1",
|
||||
"port" => "9000",
|
||||
"broken-scriptfilename" => "enable"
|
||||
))
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
After its done, we'll save the file and exit the text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
#### On Ubuntu 15.04
|
||||
|
||||
To enable fastcgi with lighttpd web server, we'll simply need to execute the following commands.
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi
|
||||
|
||||
Enabling fastcgi: ok
|
||||
Run /etc/init.d/lighttpd force-reload to enable changes
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi-php
|
||||
|
||||
Enabling fastcgi-php: ok
|
||||
Run `/etc/init.d/lighttpd` force-reload to enable changes
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll reload our lighttpd by running the following command.
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl force-reload lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
### Testing if PHP is working
|
||||
|
||||
In order to see if PHP is working as expected or not, we'll need to create a new php file under the webroot of our lighttpd web server. Here, in this tutorial we have `/var/www/html` in Ubuntu and `/srv/www/htdocs` in CentOS as the default webroot so, we'll create a info.php file under it using a text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
**On CentOS 7**
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /var/www/info.php
|
||||
|
||||
**On Ubuntu 15.04**
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /srv/www/htdocs/info.php
|
||||
|
||||
Then, we'll simply add the following line into the file.
|
||||
|
||||
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
|
||||
|
||||
Once done, we'll simply save the file and exit from the text editor.
|
||||
|
||||
Now, we'll point our web browser to our machine running lighttpd using its ip address or domain name with the info.php file path as [http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/info.php](http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/info.php) If everything was done as described above, we will see our PHP information page as shown below.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Conclusion
|
||||
|
||||
Finally we have successfully installed the world's lightweight, fast and secure web server Lighttpd in our machine running CentOS 7 and Ubuntu 15.04 linux distributions. Once its ready, we can upload our website files into our web root, configure virtual host, enable ssl, connect database, run web apps and much more with our lighttpd web server. If you have any questions, suggestions, feedback please write them in the comment box below so that we can improve or update our contents. Thank you ! Enjoy :-)
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/setup-lighttpd-web-server-ubuntu-15-04-centos-7/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
|
||||
[Translated] Haohong Wang
|
||||
如何在Ubuntu 15.04/CentOS 7中安装Lighttpd Web server
|
||||
=================================================================================
|
||||
Lighttpd 是一款开源Web服务器软件。Lighttpd 安全快速，符合行业标准，适配性强并且针对高配置环境进行了优化。Lighttpd因其CPU、内存占用小，针对小型CPU加载的快速适配以及出色的效率和速度而从众多Web服务器中脱颖而出。 而Lighttpd诸如FastCGI，CGI，Auth，Out-Compression，URL-Rewriting等高级功能更是那些低配置的服务器的福音。
|
||||
|
||||
以下便是在我们运行Ubuntu 15.04 或CentOS 7 Linux发行版的机器上安装Lighttpd Web服务器的简要流程。
|
||||
|
||||
### 安装Lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用包管理器安装
|
||||
|
||||
这里我们通过使用包管理器这种最简单的方法来安装Lighttpd。只需以sudo模式在终端或控制台中输入下面的指令即可。
|
||||
|
||||
**CentOS 7**
|
||||
|
||||
由于CentOS 7.0官方repo中并没有提供Lighttpd，所以我们需要在系统中安装额外的软件源epel repo。使用下面的yum指令来安装epel。
|
||||
|
||||
# yum install epel-release
|
||||
|
||||
然后，我们需要更新系统及进程为Lighttpd的安装做准备。
|
||||
|
||||
# yum update
|
||||
# yum install lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**Ubuntu 15.04**
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu 15.04官方repo中包含了Lighttpd，所以只需更新本地repo并使用apt-get指令即可安装Lighttpd。
|
||||
|
||||
# apt-get update
|
||||
# apt-get install lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
#### 从源代码安装Lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
如果想从Lighttpd源码安装最新版本(例如1.4.39)，我们需要在本地编译源码并进行安装。首先我们要安装编译源码所需的依赖包。
|
||||
|
||||
# cd /tmp/
|
||||
# wget http://download.lighttpd.net/lighttpd/releases-1.4.x/lighttpd-1.4.39.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
下载完成后，执行下面的指令解压缩。
|
||||
|
||||
# tar -zxvf lighttpd-1.4.39.tar.gz
|
||||
|
||||
然后使用下面的指令进行编译。
|
||||
|
||||
# cd lighttpd-1.4.39
|
||||
# ./configure
|
||||
# make
|
||||
|
||||
**注：**在这份教程中，我们安装的是默认配置的Lighttpd。其他诸如高级功能或拓展功能，如对SSL的支持，mod_rewrite，mod_redirect等，需自行配置。
|
||||
|
||||
当编译完成后，我们就可以把它安装到系统中了。
|
||||
|
||||
# make install
|
||||
|
||||
### 设置Lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
如果有更高的需求，我们可以通过修改默认设置文件，如`/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf`，来对Lighttpd进行进一步设置。 而在这份教程中我们将使用默认设置，不对设置文件进行修改。如果你曾做过修改并想检查设置文件是否出错，可以执行下面的指令。
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd -t -f /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用 CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
在CentOS 7中，我们需在Lighttpd默认设置中创设一个例如`/src/www/htdocs`的webroot文件夹。
|
||||
|
||||
# mkdir -p /srv/www/htdocs/
|
||||
|
||||
而后将默认欢迎页面从`/var/www/lighttpd`复制至刚刚新建的目录中：
|
||||
|
||||
# cp -r /var/www/lighttpd/* /srv/www/htdocs/
|
||||
|
||||
### 开启服务
|
||||
|
||||
现在，通过执行systemctl指令来重启数据库服务。
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl start lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
然后我们将它设置为伴随系统启动自动运行。
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl enable lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
### 设置防火墙
|
||||
|
||||
如要让我们运行在Lighttpd上的网页和网站能在Internet或相似的网络上被访问，我们需要在防火墙程序中设置打开80端口。由于CentOS 7和Ubuntu15.04都附带Systemd作为默认初始化系统，所以我们安装firewalld作为解决方案。如果要打开80端口或http服务，我们只需执行下面的命令：
|
||||
|
||||
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
|
||||
success
|
||||
# firewall-cmd --reload
|
||||
success
|
||||
|
||||
### 连接至Web Server
|
||||
在将80端口设置为默认端口后，我们就可以默认直接访问Lighttpd的欢迎页了。我们需要根据运行Lighttpd的设备来设置浏览器的IP地址和域名。在本教程中，我们令浏览器指向 [http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/](http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/) 同时将子域名指向它的IP地址。如此一来，我们就可以在浏览器中看到如下的欢迎页面了。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
此外，我们可以将网站的文件添加到webroot目录下，并删除lighttpd的默认索引文件，使我们的静态网站链接至互联网上。
|
||||
|
||||
如果想在Lighttpd Web Server中运行PHP应用，请参考下面的步骤：
|
||||
|
||||
### 安装PHP5模块
|
||||
在Lighttpd成功安装后，我们需要安装PHP及相关模块以在Lighttpd中运行PHP5脚本。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用 Ubuntu 15.04
|
||||
|
||||
# apt-get install php5 php5-cgi php5-fpm php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php5-imagick php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php-pear
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用 CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
# yum install php php-cgi php-fpm php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-intl php-pecl-imagick php-mcrypt php-memcache php-pear lighttpd-fastcgi
|
||||
|
||||
### 设置Lighttpd的PHP服务
|
||||
|
||||
如要让PHP与Lighttpd协同工作，我们只要根据所使用的发行版执行如下对应的指令即可。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用 CentOS 7
|
||||
|
||||
首先要做的便是使用文件编辑器编辑php设置文件(例如`/etc/php.ini`)并取消掉对**cgi.fix_pathinfo=1**的注释。
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/php.ini
|
||||
|
||||
完成上面的步骤之后，我们需要把PHP-FPM进程的所有权从Apache转移至Lighttpd。要完成这些，首先用文件编辑器打开`/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf`文件。
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
|
||||
|
||||
然后在文件中增加下面的语句：
|
||||
|
||||
user = lighttpd
|
||||
group = lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
做完这些，我们保存并退出文本编辑器。然后从`/etc/lighttpd/modules.conf`设置文件中添加FastCGI模块。
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/lighttpd/modules.conf
|
||||
|
||||
然后，去掉下面语句前面的`#`来取消对它的注释。
|
||||
|
||||
include "conf.d/fastcgi.conf"
|
||||
|
||||
最后我们还需在文本编辑器设置FastCGI的设置文件。
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /etc/lighttpd/conf.d/fastcgi.conf
|
||||
|
||||
在文件尾部添加以下代码：
|
||||
|
||||
fastcgi.server += ( ".php" =>
|
||||
((
|
||||
"host" => "127.0.0.1",
|
||||
"port" => "9000",
|
||||
"broken-scriptfilename" => "enable"
|
||||
))
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
在编辑完成后保存并退出文本编辑器即可。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 使用 Ubuntu 15.04
|
||||
|
||||
如需启用Lighttpd的FastCGI，只需执行下列代码：
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi
|
||||
|
||||
Enabling fastcgi: ok
|
||||
Run /etc/init.d/lighttpd force-reload to enable changes
|
||||
|
||||
# lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi-php
|
||||
|
||||
Enabling fastcgi-php: ok
|
||||
Run `/etc/init.d/lighttpd` force-reload to enable changes
|
||||
|
||||
然后，执行下列命令来重启Lighttpd。
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl force-reload lighttpd
|
||||
|
||||
### 检测PHP工作状态
|
||||
|
||||
如需检测PHP是否按预期工作，我们需在Lighttpd的webroot目录下新建一个php文件。本教程中，在Ubuntu下/var/www/html 目录，CentOS下/src/www/htdocs目录下使用文本编辑器创建并打开info.php。
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 CentOS 7**
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /var/www/info.php
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 Ubuntu 15.04**
|
||||
|
||||
# nano /srv/www/htdocs/info.php
|
||||
|
||||
然后只需将下面的语句添加到文件里即可。
|
||||
|
||||
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
|
||||
|
||||
在编辑完成后保存并推出文本编辑器即可。
|
||||
|
||||
现在，我们需根据路径 [http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/info.php](http://lighttpd.linoxide.com/info.php) 下的info.php文件的IP地址或域名，来让我们的网页浏览器指向系统上运行的Lighttpd。如果一切都按照以上说明进行，我们将看到如下图所示的PHP页面信息。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
至此，我们已经在CentOS 7和Ubuntu 15.04 Linux 发行版上成功安装了轻巧快捷并且安全的Lighttpd Web服务器。现在，我们已经可以利用Lighttpd Web服务器来实现上传网站文件到网站根目录，配置虚拟主机，启用SSL，连接数据库，运行Web应用等功能了。 如果你有任何疑问，建议或反馈请在下面的评论区中写下来以让我们更好的改良Lighttpd。谢谢！(译注：评论网址 http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/setup-lighttpd-web-server-ubuntu-15-04-centos-7/ )
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/setup-lighttpd-web-server-ubuntu-15-04-centos-7/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Arun Pyasi][a]
|
||||
译者：[HaohongWANG](https://github.com/HaohongWANG)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunp/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user