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geekpi
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How to install Elasticsearch and Kibana on Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/7/install-elasticsearch-and-kibana-linux)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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How to install Elasticsearch and Kibana on Linux
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======
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Get our simplified instructions for installing both.
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![5 pengiuns floating on iceburg][1]
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If you're keen to learn Elasticsearch, the famous open source search engine based on the open source Lucene library, then there's no better way than to install it locally. The process is outlined in detail on the [Elasticsearch website][2], but the official instructions have a lot more detail than necessary if you're a beginner. This article takes a simplified approach.
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### Add the Elasticsearch repository
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First, add the Elasticsearch software repository to your system, so you can install it and receive updates as needed. How you do so depends on your distribution. On an RPM-based system, such as [Fedora][3], [CentOS][4], [Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)][5], or [openSUSE][6], (anywhere in this article that references Fedora or RHEL applies to CentOS and openSUSE as well) create a repository description file in **/etc/yum.repos.d/** called **elasticsearch.repo**:
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```
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$ cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
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[elasticsearch-7.x]
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name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
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baseurl=<https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/yum>
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gpgcheck=1
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gpgkey=<https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch>
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enabled=1
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autorefresh=1
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type=rpm-md
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EOF
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```
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On Ubuntu or Debian, do not use the **add-apt-repository** utility. It causes errors due to a mismatch in its defaults and what Elasticsearch’s repository provides. Instead, set up this one:
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```
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$ echo "deb <https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/apt> stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-7.x.list
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```
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This repository contains only Elasticsearch’s open source features, under an [Apache License][7], with none of the extra features provided by a subscription. If you need subscription-only features (these features are _not_ open source), the **baseurl** must be set to:
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```
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`baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum`
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```
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### Install Elasticsearch
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The name of the package you need to install depends on whether you use the open source version or the subscription version. This article uses the open source version, which appends **-oss** to the end of the package name. Without **-oss** appended to the package name, you are requesting the subscription-only version.
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If you create a repository pointing to the subscription version but try to install the open source version, you will get a fairly non-specific error in return. If you create a repository for the open source version and fail to append **-oss** to the package name, you will also get an error.
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Install Elasticsearch with your package manager. For instance, on Fedora, CentOS, or RHEL, run the following:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install elasticsearch-oss
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```
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On Ubuntu or Debian, run:
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```
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$ sudo apt install elasticsearch-oss
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```
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If you get errors while installing Elasticsearch, then you may be attempting to install the wrong package. If your intention is to use the open source package, as this article does, then make sure you are using the correct **apt** repository or baseurl in your Yum configuration.
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### Start and enable Elasticsearch
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Once Elasticsearch has been installed, you must start and enable it:
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```
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$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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$ sudo systemctl enable --now elasticsearch.service
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```
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Then, to confirm that Elasticsearch is running on its default port of 9200, point a web browser to **localhost:9200**. You can use a GUI browser or you can do it in the terminal:
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```
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$ curl localhost:9200
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{
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"name" : "fedora30",
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"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
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"cluster_uuid" : "OqSbb16NQB2M0ysynnX1hA",
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"version" : {
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"number" : "7.2.0",
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"build_flavor" : "oss",
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"build_type" : "rpm",
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"build_hash" : "508c38a",
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"build_date" : "2019-06-20T15:54:18.811730Z",
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"build_snapshot" : false,
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"lucene_version" : "8.0.0",
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"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
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"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
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},
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"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
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}
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```
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### Install Kibana
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Kibana is a graphical interface for Elasticsearch data visualization. It’s included in the Elasticsearch repository, so you can install it with your package manager. Just as with Elasticsearch itself, you must append **-oss** to the end of the package name if you are using the open source version of Elasticsearch, and not the subscription version (the two installations need to match):
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```
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$ sudo dnf install kibana-oss
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```
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On Ubuntu or Debian:
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```
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$ sudo apt install kibana-oss
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```
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Kibana runs on port 5601, so launch a graphical web browser and navigate to **localhost:5601** to start using the Kibana interface, which is shown below:
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![Kibana running in Firefox.][8]
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### Troubleshoot
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If you get errors while installing Elasticsearch, try installing a Java environment manually. On Fedora, CentOS, and RHEL:
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```
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$ sudo dnf install java-openjdk-devel java-openjdk
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```
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On Ubuntu:
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```
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`$ sudo apt install default-jdk`
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```
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If all else fails, try installing the Elasticsearch RPM directly from the Elasticsearch servers:
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```
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$ wget <https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86\_64.rpm{,.sha512}>
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$ shasum -a 512 -c elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86_64.rpm.sha512 && sudo rpm --install elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86_64.rpm
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```
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On Ubuntu or Debian, use the DEB package instead.
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If you cannot access either Elasticsearch or Kibana with a web browser, then your firewall may be blocking those ports. You can allow traffic on those ports by adjusting your firewall settings. For instance, if you are running **firewalld** (the default on Fedora and RHEL, and installable on Debian and Ubuntu), then you can use **firewall-cmd**:
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```
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=9200/tcp --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=5601/tcp --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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You’re now set up and can follow along with our upcoming installation articles for Elasticsearch and Kibana.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/install-elasticsearch-and-kibana-linux
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/rh_003499_01_linux31x_cc.png?itok=Pvim4U-B (5 pengiuns floating on iceburg)
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[2]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/rpm.html
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[3]: https://getfedora.org
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[4]: https://www.centos.org
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[5]: https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux
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[6]: https://www.opensuse.org
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[7]: http://www.apache.org/licenses/
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/kibana.jpg (Kibana running in Firefox.)
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@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How to install Elasticsearch and Kibana on Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/7/install-elasticsearch-and-kibana-linux)
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[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
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如何在 Linux 上安装 Elasticsearch 和 Kibana
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======
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获取我们关于安装两者的简化说明。
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![5 pengiuns floating on iceburg][1]
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如果你热衷学习基于开源 Lucene 库的著名开源搜索引擎 Elasticsearch，那么没有比在本地安装它更好的方法了。这个过程在 [Elasticsearch 网站][2]中有详细介绍，但如果你是初学者，官方说明就比必要的信息多得多。本文采用一种简化的方法。
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### 添加 Elasticsearch 仓库
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首先，将 Elasticsearch 仓库添加到你的系统，以便你可以根据需要安装它并接收更新。如何做取决于你的发行版。在基于 RPM 的系统上，例如 [Fedora][3]、[CentOS] [4]、[Red Hat Enterprise Linux（RHEL）][5]或 [openSUSE][6]，（本文任何地方引用 Fedora 或 RHEL 的也适用于 CentOS 和 openSUSE）在 **/etc/yum.repos.d/** 中创建一个名为 **elasticsearch.repo** 的仓库描述文件：
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```
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$ cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
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[elasticsearch-7.x]
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name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
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baseurl=<https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/yum>
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gpgcheck=1
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gpgkey=<https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch>
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enabled=1
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autorefresh=1
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type=rpm-md
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EOF
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```
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在 Ubuntu 或 Debian 上，不要使用 **add-apt-repository** 工具。由于它自身默认的和 Elasticsearch 仓库提供的不匹配而导致错误 。相反，设置这个：
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```
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$ echo "deb <https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/apt> stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-7.x.list
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```
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此存储库仅包含 Elasticsearch 的开源功能，在 [Apache 许可证][7]下，订阅没有提供额外功能。如果你需要仅限订阅的功能（这些功能是_并不_开源），那么 **baseurl** 必须设置为：
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```
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`baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum`
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```
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### 安装 Elasticsearch
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你需要安装的软件包的名称取决于你使用的是开源版本还是订阅版本。本文使用开源版本，包名最后有 **-oss** 后缀。如果包名后没有 **-oss**，那么表示你请求的是仅限订阅版本。
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如果你创建了订阅版本的仓库却尝试安装开源版本，那么就会收到“非指定”的错误。如果你创建了一个开源版本仓库却没有将 **-oss** 添加到包名后，那么你也会收到错误。
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使用包管理器安装 Elasticsearch。例如，在 Fedora、CentOS 或 RHEL 上运行以下命令：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install elasticsearch-oss
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```
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在 Ubuntu 或 Debian 上，运行：
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```
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$ sudo apt install elasticsearch-oss
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```
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如果你在安装 Elasticsearch 时遇到错误，那么你可能安装的是错误的软件包。如果你想如本文这样使用开源包，那么请确保在 Yum 配置中使用正确的 **apt** 仓库或 baseurl。
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### 启动并启用 Elasticsearch
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安装 Elasticsearch 后，你必须启动并启用它：
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```
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$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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$ sudo systemctl enable --now elasticsearch.service
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```
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要确认 Elasticsearch 在其默认端口 9200 上运行，请在 Web 浏览器中打开 **localhost:9200**。你可以使用 GUI 浏览器，也可以在终端中执行此操作：
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```
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$ curl localhost:9200
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{
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"name" : "fedora30",
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"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
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"cluster_uuid" : "OqSbb16NQB2M0ysynnX1hA",
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"version" : {
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"number" : "7.2.0",
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"build_flavor" : "oss",
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"build_type" : "rpm",
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"build_hash" : "508c38a",
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"build_date" : "2019-06-20T15:54:18.811730Z",
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"build_snapshot" : false,
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"lucene_version" : "8.0.0",
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"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
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"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
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},
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"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
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}
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```
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### 安装 Kibana
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Kibana 是 Elasticsearch 数据可视化的图形界面。它包含在 Elasticsearch 仓库，因此你可以使用包管理器进行安装。与 Elasticsearch 本身一样，如果你使用的是 Elasticsearch 的开源版本，那么必须将 **-oss** 放到包名最后，订阅版本则不用（两者安装需要匹配）：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install kibana-oss
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```
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在 Ubuntu 或 Debian 上：
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```
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$ sudo apt install kibana-oss
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```
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Kibana 在端口 5601 上运行，因此打开图形化 Web 浏览器并进入 **localhost:5601** 来开始使用 Kibana，如下所示：
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![Kibana running in Firefox.][8]
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### 故障排除
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如果在安装 Elasticsearch 时出现错误，请尝试手动安装 Java 环境。在 Fedora、CentOS 和 RHEL 上：
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```
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$ sudo dnf install java-openjdk-devel java-openjdk
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```
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在 Ubuntu 上：
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```
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`$ sudo apt install default-jdk`
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```
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如果所有其他方法都失败，请尝试直接从 Elasticsearch 服务器安装 Elasticsearch RPM：
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```
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$ wget <https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86\_64.rpm{,.sha512}>
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$ shasum -a 512 -c elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86_64.rpm.sha512 && sudo rpm --install elasticsearch-oss-7.2.0-x86_64.rpm
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```
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在 Ubuntu 或 Debian 上，请使用 DEB 包。
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如果你无法使用 Web 浏览器访问 Elasticsearch 或 Kibana，那么可能是你的防火墙阻止了这些端口。你可以通过调整防火墙设置来允许这些端口上的流量。例如，如果你运行的是 **firewalld**（Fedora 和 RHEL 上的默认值，并且可以在 Debian 和 Ubuntu 上安装），那么你可以使用 **firewall-cmd**：
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```
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=9200/tcp --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=5601/tcp --permanent
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$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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设置完成了，你可以关注我们接下来的 Elasticsearch 和 Kibana 安装文章。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/install-elasticsearch-and-kibana-linux
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|
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作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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|
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/rh_003499_01_linux31x_cc.png?itok=Pvim4U-B (5 pengiuns floating on iceburg)
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[2]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/rpm.html
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[3]: https://getfedora.org
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[4]: https://www.centos.org
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[5]: https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/linux-platforms/enterprise-linux
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[6]: https://www.opensuse.org
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[7]: http://www.apache.org/licenses/
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[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/kibana.jpg (Kibana running in Firefox.)
|
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Block a user