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[Translated] 20151121 5 Things I Dislike and Love About GNULinux.md
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GHLandy Translating
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5 Things I Dislike and Love About GNU/Linux
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First off, I recognize that the original content of this article caused a significant debate as can be seen in the comment section at the bottom of the old article at:
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[5 Reasons Why I Hate GNU/Linux – Do You Hate or Love Linux?][1]
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For that reason, I have chosen to NOT use the word hate here which I do not feel entirely comfortable with and have decided to replace it with dislike instead.
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[
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][2]
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5 Things I Dislike About Linux
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That said, please keep in mind that the opinions in this article are entirely mine and are based on my personal experience, which may or may not be similar to other people’s.
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In addition, I am aware that when these so-called dislikes are considered in the light of experience, they become the actual strengths of Linux. However, these facts often discourage new users as they make the transition.
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As before, feel free to comment and expand on these or any other points you see fit to mention.
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### Dislike #1: A steep learning curve for those coming from Windows
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If you have been using Microsoft Windows for the good part of your life, you will need to get used to, and understand, concepts such as repositories, dependencies, packages, and package managers before being able to install new software into your computer.
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It won’t be long until you learn that you will seldom be able to install a program just by pointing and clicking an executable file. If you don’t have access to the Internet for some reason, installing a desired tool may then become a burdensome task.
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### Dislike #2: Some difficulty to learn on your own
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Closely related with #1 is the fact that learning Linux on your own may seem at least at first a daunting challenge. While there are thousands of tutorials and [great books out there][3], for a new user it can be confusing to pick on his / her own one to start with.
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Additionally, there are countless discussion forums (example: [linuxsay.com][4]) where experienced users provide the best help they can offer for free (as a hobby), which sometimes unfortunately is not guaranteed to be totally reliable, or to match the level of experience or knowledge of the new user.
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This fact, along with the broad availability of several distribution families and derivatives, makes it necessary to rely on a paid third party to guide you in your first steps in the world of Linux and to learn the differences and similarities between those families.
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### Dislike #3: Migration from old systems / software to new ones
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Once you have taken the decision to start using Linux whether at home or at the office, on a personal or enterprise level you will have to migrate old systems to new ones and use replacement software for programs you’ve known and used for years.
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This often leads to conflicts, especially if you’re faced with the decision to choose between several programs of the same type (i.e. text processors, relational database management systems, graphic suites, to name a few examples) and do not have expert guidance and training readily available.
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Having too much options to choose from can lead to mistakes in software implementations unless tutored by respectable experienced users or training firms.
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### Dislike #4: Less driver support from hardware manufacturers
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No one can deny the fact that Linux has come a LONG way since it was first made available more than 20 years ago. With more and more device drivers being built into the kernel with each stable release, and more and more companies supporting the research and development of compatible drivers for Linux, you are not likely to run into many devices that cannot function properly in Linux, but it’s still a possibility.
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And if your personal computing needs or business require a specific device for which there is no available support for Linux, you will still get stuck with Windows or whatever operating system the drivers of such device were targeted for.
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While you can still repeat to yourself, “Closed source software is evil“, it’s a fact that it exists and sometimes unfortunately we are bound mostly by business needs to use it.
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### Dislike #5: The power of Linux is still mainly on the servers
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I could say the main reason I was attracted to Linux a few years ago was the perspective of bringing an old computer back to life and giving it some use. After going through and spending some time dealing with dislikes #1 and #2, I was SO happy after having set up a home file – print – web server using a computer with a 566 MHz Celeron processor, a 10 GB IDE hard drive, and only 256 MB of RAM running Debian Squeeze.
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I was very pleasantly surprised when I realized that even under heavy use loads, [htop tool][5] showed that barely half of the system resources were being utilized.
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You may be well asking yourself, why bring this up if I’m talking about dislikes here? The answer is simple. I still have to see a decent Linux desktop distribution running on a relatively old system. Of course I am not expecting to find one that will run on a machine with the characteristics mentioned above, but I haven’t found a nice looking, customizable desktop on a machine with less than 1 GB and if it works, it will be as slow as a slug.
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I would like to emphasize the wording here: when I say “I haven’t found“, I am NOT saying, “IT DOESN’T EXIST“. Maybe someday I will find a decent Linux desktop distribution that I can use on a old laptop that I have in my room gathering dust. If that day comes, I will be the first one to cross out this dislike and replace it with a big thumbs up.
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### Summary
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In this article I’ve tried to put into words the areas where Linux can still use some improvement. I am a happy Linux user and am thankful for the outstanding community that surrounds the operating system, its components and features. I repeat what I said at the beginning of this article – these apparent disadvantages may actually become strengths when viewed from the proper perspective or will soon be.
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Until then, let’s keep supporting each other as we learn and help Linux grow and spread. Feel free to leave your comments or questions using the form below – we look forward to hearing from you!
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作者简介：
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Gabriel Cánepa is a GNU/Linux sysadmin and web developer from Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina. He works for a worldwide leading consumer product company and takes great pleasure in using FOSS tools to increase productivity in all areas of his daily work.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/things-i-dislike-and-love-about-gnu-linux/
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作者：[Gabriel Cánepa][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/why-i-hate-linux/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Things-I-Dislike-About-Linux.png
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[4]:http://linuxsay.com/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-htop-linux-process-monitoring-for-rhel-centos-fedora/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
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关于 GNU/Linux，我所喜恶的 5 件事
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==================
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首先，我能确定本文提及的内容一定会造成激烈的辩论，从之前那篇 [我讨厌 GNU/Linux 的五个理由 – 你呢，爱还是恨？][1] 的页底评论区就可见一斑。
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也因此，我在此没有使用恨 (hate) 这个词，那会让我感觉很不舒服，所以我觉得用不喜欢 (dislike) 来代替。
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[][2]
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关于 Linux，我所不喜欢的 5 件事。
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也就是说，请读者记住，文中的观点完完全全出于我个人和自身的经历，而这些想法和经历可能会他人的相似，也可能相去甚远。
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此外，我也意识到，这些所谓的不喜欢 (dislike) 是经验式的，这样成为了 Linux 的实际力量。然而，正是这些事实阻碍了新用户做出迁移系统的决定。
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像从前一样，随时留下评论以及扩展本文、或者提出任何其他符合本文主题的观点。
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### 不喜欢理由之一：Windows 迁移到 Linux 对用户来说是个陡峭的学习曲线
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如果说使用 Windows 已经成为了你生活中不可缺少的一个部分，那么你在 Linux 电脑上安装一个新软件之前，还必须要习惯和理解 Linux 以及诸如远程仓库 (repositories)、依赖关系 (dependencies)、包 (packages) 和包管理器 (package managers) 等概念。
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不久你也会发现，仅仅使用鼠标点击一个可执行程序是很难完成某个程序的安装的。或者由于一些原因，你没有可用的网络，那么安装一个你想要的软件会是一件非常累人的任务。
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### 不喜欢理由之二：独立学习使用仍存在困难
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造成不喜欢理由之一的一个事实是，最开始独立学习 Linux 知识的时候，很多人都会觉得那是一个巨大挑战。尽管网上有数以千万计的教程和 [大量的好书][3]，但初学者也会因此困惑不已，不知从何开始学习。
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此外，数不清的社区 (比如：[linuxsay.com][4]) 论坛中都有大量的有经验用户为大家无偿提供 (通常都是这样的) 解答，但不幸的是，这些问题的解答并不完全可信、或者与新用户的经验和知识层面不匹配，导致用户无法理解。
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事实上，因为有太多的发行版系列及其衍生版本可以获取，所以这个现状使得我们有必要向第三方机构付费，让他们指引我们走向 Linux 世界的第一步、了解这些发行版系列直接的相同点以及区别。
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### 不喜欢理由之三：新老系统/软件迁移问题
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一旦你下定决心开始使用 Linux，那么无论是在家里或是办公室，也无论是个人版或者企业级，你都要完全从旧系统向新系统迁移，然后要考虑这些年来你是用的软件在 Linux 平台上的替代产品。
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而这确实令人矛盾不已，特别是要面对相同类型 (比如文本处理器、关系型数据库系统、图形套件等) 的多个不同程序，而有没有受过专业指导和训练，那么很多人都下定不了决心要使用哪个好。
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除非有可敬的有经验用户或者教学视频进行指导，否则存在太多的软件实例给用户进行选择，真的会让人进去误区。
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### 不喜欢理由之四：缺乏硬件厂商的驱动支持
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恐怕没有人不容易这样的事实，Linux 走过了漫长的历史，它的第一个内核版本公布已经有 20 多年了 (LCTT 译注：准确说是将近 26 年了，1991.10.05 - 2017.02，相信现今很多我们这些 Linux 用户在第一个内核版本公布的时候都还没出生，包括译者在内)。随着越来越多的设备驱动编译进每次发布的稳定内核中、越来越多的厂商开始支持研究和开发兼容 Linux 的设备驱动，Linux 用户们不再会经常遇到设备运行不正常的情况了，但还是会偶尔遭遇的。
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并且，如果你的个人计算或者公司业务需要一个特殊设备，但恰巧又没有现成的 Linux 驱动，你还得困在 Windows 或者其他有驱动支持的其他系统。
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尽管你经常这样提醒自己：“闭源软件真他妈邪恶！”，但事实上的确有闭源软件，并且不幸的是，出于商业需求我们多数情况还是被迫使用它。
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### 不喜欢理由之五：Linux 的主要力量仍在于服务器
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这么说吧，我加入 Linux 阵营的主要原因是多年前它将一台老电脑生机焕发并能够正常使用让我看到了它的前景。花费了一段时间来解决不喜欢理由之一、之二中遇到的那些问题，并且成功使用一台 566 MHz 赛扬 (Celeron) 处理器、10 GB IDE 硬盘以及仅有 256 MB 内存的机器搭载 Debian Squeeze 建立起一个家庭文件——打印——Web 服务于一体的服务器之后，我非常开心。
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当我发现即便是高负载的情况，[htop 显示][5] 系统资源消耗才勉强到达一半，这令非常我惊喜。
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你可能已经不停在再问自己，文中明明说的是不喜欢 Linux，为什么还提这些事呢？答案很简单，我是需要一个比较好的 Linux 桌面发行版来运行在一台相对老旧的电脑上。当然我并不指望能够有那么一个发型版可以运行上述提到那种硬件特征的电脑上，但我的确没有发现有任何一款外观漂亮的可定制桌面系统能运行在 1 GB 内存以下的电脑中，如果可以，其速度大概比鼻涕虫还慢吧。
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我想在此重申一下：我是说“我没发现”，而非“不存在”。可能某天我会发现一个较好的 Linux 桌面发行版能够用在我房间里那台寿终正寝的笔记本上。如果那天真的到来，我将第一个删除这篇文章，并向它竖起大拇指。
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### 总而言之
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在本文中，我也尝试了提及 Linux 在某些地方仍需不断改进。我是一名幸福的 Linux 用户，并由衷地感谢那些杰出的社区不断为 Linux 系统、组件和其他功能做出贡献。我我重复一下我在本文开头说的 —— 这些明显的不足点，如果从适当的角度去看也是一种优势，或者也快了吧。
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在那到来之前，让我们相互支持，一起学习并帮助 Linux 成长和传播。随时在下方留下你的评论和问题 —— 我们期待你不同的观点。
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-------------------------------
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作者简介：
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Gabriel Cánepa —— 一位来自阿根廷圣路易斯梅塞德斯镇 (Villa Mercedes, San Luis, Argentina) 的 GNU/Linux 系统管理员，Web 开发者。就职于一家世界领先级的消费品公司，乐于在每天的工作中能使用 FOSS 工具来提高生产力。
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-------------------------------
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译者简介：
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[GHLandy](http://GHLandy.com) —— 生活中所有欢乐与苦闷都应藏在心中，有些事儿注定无人知晓，自己也无从说起。
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-------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/things-i-dislike-and-love-about-gnu-linux/
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作者：[Gabriel Cánepa][a]
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译者：[GHLandy](https://github.com/GHLandy)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/why-i-hate-linux/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Things-I-Dislike-About-Linux.png
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[4]:http://linuxsay.com/
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[5]:http://www.tecmint.com/install-htop-linux-process-monitoring-for-rhel-centos-fedora/
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[6]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/gacanepa/
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[7]:http://www.tecmint.com/10-useful-free-linux-ebooks-for-newbies-and-administrators/
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[8]:http://www.tecmint.com/free-linux-shell-scripting-books/
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