From 9bdaf6f5c21c76ece17dac7b6cfeaf95521d8899 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Donkey Date: Mon, 19 Sep 2022 23:39:43 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] starting --- ...r of C with these open source libraries.md | 52 ++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-) diff --git a/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md b/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md index f82f416d24..821d4ff753 100644 --- a/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md +++ b/sources/tech/20220505 Boost the power of C with these open source libraries.md @@ -8,37 +8,41 @@ [#]: url: " " Boost the power of C with these open source libraries +使用开源库提升 C 语言编程能力 ====== +开源库 GObject 和 libsoup 已经做了很多工作，因此你可以专注于使用 C 语言开发神奇的应用。 GObject and libsoup do a lot of work for you, so you can turn your attention to inventing amazing applications in C. ![Why and how to handle exceptions in Python Flask][1] （Image by: Image from Unsplash.com, Creative Commons Zero） +[GLib Object System (GObject)][2] 为 C 语言提供了灵活可扩展的面向对象框架。在这篇文章中，我将使用该库的 2.4 版本进行演示。 The [GLib Object System (GObject)][2] is a library providing a flexible and extensible object-oriented framework for C. In this article, I demonstrate using the 2.4 version of the library. +GObject 库继承了 ANSI C 标准，拥有一些常见的数据类型，例如： The GObject libraries extend the ANSI C standard, with typedefs for common types such as: -* gchar: a character type -* guchar: an unsigned character type -* gunichar: a fixed 32 bit width unichar type -* gboolean: a boolean type -* gint8, gint16, gint32, gint64: 8, 16, 32, and 64 bit integers -* guint8, guint16, guint32, guint64: unsigned 8, 16, 32, and 64 bit integers -* gfloat: an IEEE Standard 754 single precision floating point number -* gdouble: an IEEE Standard 754 double precision floating point number -* gpointer: a generic pointer type +* gchar: 字符型 +* guchar: 无符号字符型 +* gunichar: 宽为 32 比特的 Unicode 字符型 +* gboolean: 布尔型 +* gint8, gint16, gint32, gint64: 8, 16, 32 和 64 比特有符号整数 +* guint8, guint16, guint32, guint64: 无符号 8, 16, 32 和 64 比特整数 +* gfloat: IEEE 754 标准单精度浮点数 +* gdouble: IEEE 754 标准 双精度浮点数 +* gpointer: 泛指针 -### Function pointers +### 函数指针 -GObject also introduces a type and object system with classes and interfaces. This is possible because the ANSI C language understands function pointers. +GObject 库还引入了类和接口的类型和对象体系。这是可能的，因为 ANSI C 语言理解函数指针。 -To declare a function pointer, you can do this: +你可以这样做来声明函数指针： ```c void (*my_callback)(gpointer data); ``` -But first, you need to assign the `my_callback` variable: +首先，你需要给变量 `my_callback` 赋值： ```c void my_callback_func(gpointer data) @@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ void my_callback_func(gpointer data) my_callback = my_callback_func; ``` -The function pointer `my_callback` can be invoked like this: +函数指针 `my_callback` 可以这样来调用： ```c gpointer data; @@ -57,11 +61,11 @@ data = g_malloc(512 * sizeof(gint16)); my_callback(data); ``` -### Object classes +### 对象类 -The GObject base class consists of 2 structs (`GObject` and `GObjectClass` ) which you inherit to implement your very own objects. +GObject 基类由 2 个结构（`GObject` 和 `GObjectClass`）组成，你可以继承它们以实现你自己的对象。 -You embed GObject and GObjectClass as the first struct field: +你需要在结构体中先嵌入 `GObject` 和 `GObjectClass` ： ```c struct _MyObject @@ -79,9 +83,9 @@ struct _MyObjectClass GType my_object_get_type(void); ``` -The object’s implementation contains fields, which might be exposed as properties. GObject provides a solution to private fields, too. This is actually a struct in the C source file, instead of the header file. The class usually contains function pointers only. +对象的实现包含了公有成员（译注：理解为 `public` 修饰符）。GObject 也提供了私有成员的方法。这实际上是 C 源文件中的一个结构，而不是头文件。该类通常只包含函数指针。 -An interface can’t be derived from another interface and is implemented as following: +一个接口不能派生自另一个接口，比如： ```c struct _MyInterface @@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ g_object_set(gobject,   NULL); ``` -### The libsoup HTTP library +### libsoup HTTP 库 The `libsoup` project provides an HTTP client and server library for GNOME. It uses GObjects and the glib main loop to integrate with GNOME applications, and also has a synchronous API for use in command-line tools. First, create a `libsoup` session with an authentication callback specified. You can also make use of cookies. @@ -245,9 +249,9 @@ soup_server_listen_socket(soup_server,   ip4_socket, 0, &error); ``` -In this example code, there are two callbacks. One handles authentication, and the other handles the request itself. +示例代码中，有两个回调函数。一个处理身份认证，另一个处理对它的请求。 -Suppose you want a web server to allow a login with the credentials username **my-username** and the password **my-password**, and to set a session cookie with a random unique user ID (UUID) string. +假设你想要网页服务器运行一个用户名为 **my-username** 和口令为 **my-password** 的用户登录，并且用一个随机独一用户 ID 字符串设置会话 cookie 。 ```c gboolean my_xmlrpc_server_auth_callback(SoupAuthDomain *domain, @@ -284,7 +288,7 @@ gboolean my_xmlrpc_server_auth_callback(SoupAuthDomain *domain, } ``` -A handler for the context path **my-xmlrpc**: +对内容路径 **my-xmlrpc** 的处理函数： ```c void my_xmlrpc_server_callback(SoupServer *soup_server, @@ -300,7 +304,7 @@ void my_xmlrpc_server_callback(SoupServer *soup_server, } ``` -### A more powerful C +### 更加强大的 C 语言 I hope my examples show how the GObject and libsoup projects give C a very real boost. Libraries like these extend C in a literal sense, and by doing so they make C more approachable. They do a lot of work for you, so you can turn your attention to inventing amazing applications in the simple, direct, and timeless C language.