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Merge pull request #6709 from lujun9972/translate-MjAxNzEyMTYgU2F2aW5nIHdpbmRvdyBwb3NpdGlvbiBpbiBYZmNlIHNlc3Npb24ubWQK
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translating by lujun9972
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Saving window position in Xfce session
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======
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TLDR: If you're having problems saving window position in your Xfce session, enable save on logout and then log out and back in. This will probably fix the problem (permanently, if you like keeping the same session and turn saving back off again). See below for the details.
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I've been using Xfce for my desktop for some years now, and have had a recurring problem with saved sessions after a reboot. After logging in, all the applications from my saved session would be started, but all the workspace and window positioning data would be lost, so they'd just pile onto the default workspace like a train wreck.
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Various other people on-line have reported this over the years (there are open bugs in Ubuntu, Xfce, and Red Hat bug trackers), and there was apparently a related bug fixed in Xfce 4.10, but I'm using 4.12. I would have given up (and have several times in the past), except that on one of my systems this works correctly. All the windows go back to their proper positions.
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Today, I dug into the difference and finally solved it. Here it is, in case someone else stumbles across it.
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Some up-front caveats that are or may be related:
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1. I rarely log out of my Xfce session, since this is a single-user laptop. I hibernate and keep restoring until I decide to do a reboot for kernel patches, or (and this is somewhat more likely) some change to the system invalidates the hibernate image and the system hangs on restore from hibernate and I force-reboot it. I also only sometimes use the Xfce toolbar to do a reboot; often, I just run `reboot`.
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2. I use xterm and Emacs, which are not horribly sophisticated X applications and which don't remember their own window positioning.
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Xfce stores sessions in `.cache/sessions` in your home directory. The key discovery on close inspection is that there were two types of files in that directory on the working system, and only one on the non-working system.
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The typical file will have a name like `xfce4-session-hostname:0` and contains things like:
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```
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Client9_ClientId=2a654109b-e4d0-40e4-a910-e58717faa80b
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Client9_Hostname=local/hostname
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Client9_CloneCommand=xterm
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Client9_RestartCommand=xterm,-xtsessionID,2a654109b-e4d0-40e4-a910-e58717faa80b
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Client9_Program=xterm
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Client9_UserId=user
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```
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This is the file that remembers all of the running applications. If you go into Settings -> Session and Startup and clear the session cache, files like this will be deleted. If you save your current session, a file like this will be created. This is how Xfce knows to start all of the same applications. But notice that nothing in the above preserves the positioning of the window. (I went down a rabbit hole thinking the session ID was somehow linking to that information elsewhere, but it's not.)
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The working system had a second type of file in that directory named `xfwm4-2d4c9d4cb-5f6b-41b4-b9d7-5cf7ac3d7e49.state`. Looking in that file reveals entries like:
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```
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[CLIENT] 0x200000f
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[CLIENT_ID] 2a9e5b8ed-1851-4c11-82cf-e51710dcf733
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[CLIENT_LEADER] 0x200000f
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[RES_NAME] xterm
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[RES_CLASS] XTerm
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[WM_NAME] xterm
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[WM_COMMAND] (1) "xterm"
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[GEOMETRY] (860,35,817,1042)
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[GEOMETRY-MAXIMIZED] (860,35,817,1042)
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[SCREEN] 0
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[DESK] 2
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[FLAGS] 0x0
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```
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Notice the geometry and desk, which are exactly what we're looking for: the window location and the workspace it should be on. So the problem with window position not being saved was the absence of this file.
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After some more digging, I discovered that while the first file is saved when you explicitly save your session, the second is not. However, it is saved on logout. So, I went to Settings -> Session and Startup and enabled automatically save session on logout in the General tab, logged out and back in again, and tada, the second file appeared. I then turned saving off again (since I set up my screens and then save them and don't want any subsequent changes saved unless I do so explicitly), and now my window position is reliably restored.
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This also explains why some people see this and others don't: some people probably regularly use the Log Out button, and others ignore it and manually reboot (or just have their system crash).
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Incidentally, this sort of problem, and the amount of digging that I had to do to solve it, is the reason why I'm in favor of writing man pages or some other documentation for every state file your software stores. Not only does it help people digging into weird problems, it helps you as the software author notice surprising oddities, like splitting session state across two separate state files, when you go to document them for the user.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/journal/2017-12/001.html
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作者：[J. R. R. Tolkien][a]
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译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.eyrie.org
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在 Xfce 会话中保存窗口的位置
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======
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摘要：如果你发现 Xfce session 不能保存窗口的位置，那么启用 `save on logout` 然后登出再进来一次，可能就能修复这个问题了 (permanently， if you like keeping the same session and turn saving back off again)。 下面是详细内容。
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我用 Xfce 作桌面有些年头了，但是每次重启后进入之前保存的 session 时总会有问题出现。 登陆后， 之前 session 中保存的应用都会启动， 但是所有的工作区和窗口位置数据会丢失， 导致所有应用都堆在默认工作区中，乱糟糟的。
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多年来，很多人都报道过这个问题( Ubuntu， Xfce， 以及 Red Hat 的 bug 追踪系统中都有登记这个 bug)。 虽然 Xfce4.10 中已经修复过了一个相关 bug， 但是我用的 Xfce4.12 依然有这个问题。 如果不是我的其中一个系统能够正常的回复各个窗口的位置，我几乎都要放弃找出问题的原因了(事实上我之前已经放弃过很多次了)。
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今天，我深入对比了两个系统的不同点，最终解决了这个问题。 我现在就把结果写出来， 以防有人也遇到相同的问题。
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提前的一些说明：
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1。由于这个笔记本只有我在用，因此我几乎不登出我的 Xfce session。 我一般只是休眠然后唤醒，除非由于要对内核打补丁才进行重启， 或者由于某些改动损毁了休眠镜像导致系统从休眠中唤醒时卡住了而不得不重启。 另外，我也很少使用 Xfce 工具栏上的重启按钮重启; 一般我只是运行一下 `reboot`。
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2。我会使用 xterm 和 Emacs， 这些 X 应用写的不是很好，无法记住他们自己的窗口位置。
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Xfce 将 sessions 信息保存到主用户目录中的 `.cache/sessions` 目录中。在经过仔细检查后发现，在正常的系统中有两类文件存储在该目录中，而在非正常的系统中，只有一类文件存在该目录下。
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其中一类文件的名字类似 `xfce4-session-hostname:0` 这样的，其中包含的内容类似下面这样的：
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```
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Client9_ClientId=2a654109b-e4d0-40e4-a910-e58717faa80b
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Client9_Hostname=local/hostname
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Client9_CloneCommand=xterm
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Client9_RestartCommand=xterm，-xtsessionID，2a654109b-e4d0-40e4-a910-e58717faa80b
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Client9_Program=xterm
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Client9_UserId=user
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```
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这个文件记录了所有正在运行的程序。如果你进入 Settings -> Session and Startup 并清除 session 缓存， 就会删掉这种文件。 当你保存当前 session 时， 又会创建这种文件。 这就是 Xfce 知道要启动哪些应用的原因。 但是请注意，上面并没有包含任何窗口位置的信息。 (我还曾经以为可以根据 session ID 来找到其他地方的一些相关信息，但是失败了)。
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正常工作的系统在目录中还有另一类文件，名字类似 `xfwm4-2d4c9d4cb-5f6b-41b4-b9d7-5cf7ac3d7e49.state` 这样的。 其中文件内容类似下面这样：
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```
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[CLIENT] 0x200000f
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[CLIENT_ID] 2a9e5b8ed-1851-4c11-82cf-e51710dcf733
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[CLIENT_LEADER] 0x200000f
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[RES_NAME] xterm
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[RES_CLASS] XTerm
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[WM_NAME] xterm
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[WM_COMMAND] (1) "xterm"
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[GEOMETRY] (860，35，817，1042)
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[GEOMETRY-MAXIMIZED] (860，35，817，1042)
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[SCREEN] 0
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[DESK] 2
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[FLAGS] 0x0
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```
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注意这里的 geometry 和 desk 记录的正是我们想要的窗口位置以及工作区号。因此不能保存窗口位置的原因就是因为缺少这个文件。
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继续深入下去，我发现当你明确地手工保存 sessino 时，智慧保存第一个文件而不会保存第二个文件。 但是当登出保存 session 时则会保存第二个文件。 因此， 我进入 Settings -> Session and Startup 中，在 Genral 标签页中启用登出时自动保存 session， 然后登出后再进来， 然后 tada， 第二个文件出现了。 再然后我又关闭了登出时自动保存 session。( 因为我一般在排好屏幕后就保存一个 session， 但是我不希望做出的改变也会影响到这个保存的 session， 如有必要我会明确地手工进行保存)， 现在 我的窗口位置能够正常的回复了。
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这也解释了为什么有的人会有问题而有的人没有问题： 有的人可能一直都是用登出按钮重启，而有些人则是手工重启(或者仅仅是由于系统漰溃了才重启)。
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顺带一提，这类问题， 以及为解决问题而付出的努力正是我赞同为软件存储的状态文件编写 man 页或其他类似文档的原因。 为用户编写文档，不仅能帮助别人深入挖掘产生奇怪问题的原因， 也能让软件作者注意到软件中那些奇怪的东西， 比如将 session 状态存储到两个独立的文件中去。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/journal/2017-12/001.html
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作者：[J. R. R. Tolkien][a]
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译者：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.eyrie.org
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