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@ -1,262 +0,0 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (arrowfeng)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How To Install And Configure NTP Server And NTP Client In Linux?)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ntp-server-ntp-client-in-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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How To Install And Configure NTP Server And NTP Client In Linux?
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======
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You might heard this word many times and also you might had worked on this.
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However, i will tell you clearly in this article about NTP Server setup and NTP Client setup
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We will see about **[Chrony NTP Client setup][1]** later.
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### What Is NTP Server?
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NTP stands for Network Time Protocol.
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It is a networking protocol that synchronize the clock between computer systems over the network.
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In other hand I can say. It will keep the same time (It keep an accurate time) to all the systems which are connected to NTP server through NTP or Chrony client.
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NTP can usually maintain time to within tens of milliseconds over the public Internet, and can achieve better than one millisecond accuracy in local area networks under ideal conditions.
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It uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 123 for send and receive timestamps. It’s a client/server application.
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It send and receive timestamps using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 123.
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### What Is NTP Client?
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NTP client will synchronize its clock to the network time server.
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### What Is Chrony Client?
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Chrony is replacement of NTP client. It can synchronize the system clock faster with better time accuracy and it can be particularly useful for the systems which are not online all the time.
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### Why We Need NTP Server?
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To keep all the servers in your organization in-sync with an accurate time to perform time based jobs.
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To clarify this, I will tell you a scenario. Say for example, we have two servers (Server1 and Server2). The server1 usually complete the batch jobs at 10:55 then the server2 needs to run another job at 11:00 based on the server1 job completion report.
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If both the system is using in a different time (if one system is ahead of the others, the others are behind that particular one) then we can’t perform this. To achieve this, we should setup NTP. Hope it cleared your doubts about NTP.
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In this article, we are going to use the following setup to test this.
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* **`NTP Server:`** HostName: CentOS7.2daygeek.com, IP:192.168.1.8, OS:CentOS 7
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* **`NTP Client:`** HostName: Ubuntu18.2daygeek.com, IP:192.168.1.5, OS:Ubuntu 18.04
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### NTP SERVER SIDE: How To Install NTP Server In Linux?
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There is no different packages for NTP server and NTP client since it’s a client/server model. The NTP package is available in distribution official repository so, use the distribution package manger to install it.
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For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][2]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install ntp
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```
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For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo apt install ntp
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```
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For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][5]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S ntp
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```
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For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][6]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo yum install ntp
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```
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For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][7]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo zypper install ntp
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```
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### How To Configure The NTP Server In Linux?
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Once you have installed the NTP package, make sure you have to uncomment the following configuration in the `/etc/ntp.conf` file on server side.
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By default the NTP server configuration relies on `X.distribution_name.pool.ntp.org`. If you want you can use the default configuration or you can change it as per your location (country specific) by visiting <https://www.ntppool.org/zone/@> site.
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Say for example. If you are in India then your NTP server will be `0.in.pool.ntp.org` and it will work for most of the countries.
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```
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# vi /etc/ntp.conf
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restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict 127.0.0.1
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restrict -6 ::1
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server 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 1.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 2.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 3.asia.pool.ntp.org
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restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
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driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
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keys /etc/ntp/keys
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```
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We have allowed only `192.168.1.0/24` subnet clients to access the NTP server.
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Since firewall is enabled by default on RHEL 7 based distributions so, allow the ntp server/service.
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```
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# firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp --permanent
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# firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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Bounce the service once you update the configuration.
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For sysvinit systems. For Debian based system we need to run `ntp` instead of ntpd.
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```
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# service ntpd restart
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# chkconfig ntpd on
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```
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For systemctl systems. For Debian based system we need to run `ntp` instead of ntpd.
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```
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# systemctl restart ntpd
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# systemctl enable ntpd
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```
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### NTP CLIENT SIDE: How To Install NTP Client On Linux?
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As I mentioned earlier in this article. There is no specific package for NTP server and client. So, install the same package on client also.
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For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][2]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install ntp
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```
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For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo apt install ntp
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```
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For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][5]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S ntp
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```
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For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][6]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo yum install ntp
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```
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For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][7]** to install ntp.
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```
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$ sudo zypper install ntp
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```
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I have installed and configured the NTP server on `CentOS7.2daygeek.com` so, append the same into all the client machines.
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```
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# vi /etc/ntp.conf
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restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict 127.0.0.1
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restrict -6 ::1
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server CentOS7.2daygeek.com prefer iburst
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driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
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keys /etc/ntp/keys
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```
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Bounce the service once you update the configuration.
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For sysvinit systems. For Debian based system we need to run `ntp` instead of ntpd.
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```
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# service ntpd restart
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# chkconfig ntpd on
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```
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For systemctl systems. For Debian based system we need to run `ntp` instead of ntpd.
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```
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# systemctl restart ntpd
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# systemctl enable ntpd
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```
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Wait for few minutes post restart of the NTP service to get synchronize time from the NTP server.
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Run the following commands to verify the NTP server synchronization status on Linux.
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```
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# ntpq –p
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Or
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# ntpq -pn
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remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
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==============================================================================
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*CentOS7.2daygee 133.243.238.163 2 u 14 64 37 0.686 0.151 16.432
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```
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Run the following command to get the current status of ntpd.
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```
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# ntpstat
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synchronised to NTP server (192.168.1.8) at stratum 3
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time correct to within 508 ms
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polling server every 64 s
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```
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Finally run the `date` command.
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```
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# date
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Tue Mar 26 23:17:05 CDT 2019
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```
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If you are observing a significant offset in the NTP output. Run the following command to sync clock manually from the NTP server. Make sure that your NTP client should be inactive state when you perform the command.
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```
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# ntpdate –uv CentOS7.2daygeek.com
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ntp-server-ntp-client-in-linux/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/configure-ntp-client-using-chrony-in-linux/
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
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[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
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[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
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@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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||||
[#]: translator: (arrowfeng)
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||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
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||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
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||||
[#]: subject: (How To Install And Configure NTP Server And NTP Client In Linux?)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ntp-server-ntp-client-in-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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如何在Linux上安装、配置NTP服务和NTP客户端？
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======
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你也许听说过这个词很多次或者你可能已经在使用它了。
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但是，在这篇文章中我将会清晰的告诉你NTP服务和NTP客户端的安装。
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之后我们将会了解 **[Chrony NTP 客户端的安装][1]**。
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### 什么是NTP服务?
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NTP 表示为网络时间协议。
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它是通过网络在电脑系统之间进行时钟同步的网络协议。
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另一方面，我可以说，它可以让那些通过NTP或者Chrony客户端连接到NTP服务的系统保持时间上的一致（它能保持一个精确的时间）。
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NTP在公共互联网上通常能够保持时间延迟在几十毫秒以内的精度，并在理想条件下，它能在局域网下达到优于一毫秒的延迟精度。
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它使用用户数据报协议（UDP）在端口123上发送和接受时间戳。它是C/S架构的应用程序。
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### 什么是NTP客户端？
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NTP客户端将其时钟与网络时间服务器同步。
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### 什么是Chrony客户端？
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Chrony是NTP客户端的替代品。它能以更精确的时间更快的同步系统时钟，并且它对于那些不总是在线的系统很有用。
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### 为什么我们需要NTP服务？
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为了使你组织中的所有服务器与基于时间的作业保持精确的时间同步。
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为了说明这点，我将告诉你一个场景。比如说，我们有两个服务器（服务器1和服务器2）。服务器1通常在10:55完成离线作业，然后服务器2在11:00需要基于服务器1完成的作业报告去运行其他作业。
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如果两个服务器正在使用不同的时间（如果服务器2时间比服务器1提前，服务器1的时间就落后于服务器2），然后我们就不能去执行这个作业。为了达到时间一致，我们应该安装NTP。
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希望上述能清除你对于NTP的疑惑。
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在这篇文章中，我们将使用下列设置去测试。
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* **`NTP Server:`** HostName: CentOS7.2daygeek.com, IP:192.168.1.8, OS:CentOS 7
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* **`NTP Client:`** HostName: Ubuntu18.2daygeek.com, IP:192.168.1.5, OS:Ubuntu 18.04
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### NTP服务端： 如何在Linux上安装NTP？
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因为它是c/s架构，所以NTP服务端和客户端的安装包没有什么不同。在发行版的官方仓库中都有NTP安装包，因此可以使用发行版的包管理器安装它。
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对于 **`Fedora`** 系统, 使用 **[DNF 命令][2]** 去安装ntp.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install ntp
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```
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对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`** 系统, 使用 **[APT-GET 命令][3]** 或者 **[APT 命令][4]** 去安装 ntp.
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```
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$
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```
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对基于 **`Arch Linux`** 的系统, 使用 **[Pacman 命令][5]** 去安装 ntp.
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S ntp
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```
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对 **`RHEL/CentOS`** 系统, 使用 **[YUM 命令][6]** 去安装 ntp.
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|
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```
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$ sudo yum install ntp
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```
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对于 **`openSUSE Leap`** 系统, 使用 **[Zypper 命令][7]** 去安装 ntp.
|
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|
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```
|
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$ sudo zypper install ntp
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```
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### 如何在Linux上配置NTP服务？
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安装NTP软件包后，请确保在服务器端的`/etc/ntp.conf`文件中，必须取消以下配置的注释。
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默认情况下，NTP服务器配置依赖于`X.distribution_name.pool.ntp.org`。 如果有必要，可以使用默认配置，也可以访问<https://www.ntppool.org/zone/@>站点，根据你所在的位置（特定国家/地区）进行更改。
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比如说如果你在印度，然后你的NTP服务器将是`0.in.pool.ntp.org`，并且这个地址适用于大多数国家。
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```
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# vi /etc/ntp.conf
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restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
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restrict 127.0.0.1
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restrict -6 ::1
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server 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 1.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 2.asia.pool.ntp.org
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server 3.asia.pool.ntp.org
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restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
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driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
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keys /etc/ntp/keys
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```
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我们仅允许`192.168.1.0/24`子网的客户端访问NTP服务器。
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由于默认情况下基于RHEL7的发行版的防火墙是打开的，因此允许ntp服务通过。
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```
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# firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp --permanent
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# firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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更新配置后重启服务。
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对于基于Debian的sysvinit系统，我们需要去运行`ntp`而不是`ntpd`。
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```
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# service ntpd restart
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# chkconfig ntpd on
|
||||
```
|
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对于基于Debian的systemctl系统，我们需要去运行`ntp`和`ntpd`。
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```
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# systemctl restart ntpd
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||||
# systemctl enable ntpd
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```
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||||
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||||
### NTP客户端：如何在Linux上安装NTP客户端？
|
||||
|
||||
正如我在这篇文章中前面所说的。NTP服务端和客户端的安装包没有什么不同。因此在客户端上也安装同样的软件包。
|
||||
|
||||
对于 **`Fedora`** 系统, 使用 **[DNF 命令][2]** 去安装ntp.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install ntp
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对于 **`Debian/Ubuntu`** 系统, 使用 **[APT-GET 命令][3]** 或者 **[APT 命令][4]** 去安装 ntp.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对基于 **`Arch Linux`** 的系统, 使用 **[Pacman 命令][5]** 去安装 ntp.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo pacman -S ntp
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对 **`RHEL/CentOS`** 系统, 使用 **[YUM 命令][6]** 去安装 ntp.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo yum install ntp
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
对于 **`openSUSE Leap`** 系统, 使用 **[Zypper 命令][7]** 去安装 ntp.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo zypper install ntp
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
我已经在`CentOS7.2daygeek.com`这台主机上安装和配置了NTP服务器，因此将其附加到所有的客户端机器上。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# vi /etc/ntp.conf
|
||||
|
||||
restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
|
||||
restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
|
||||
restrict 127.0.0.1
|
||||
restrict -6 ::1
|
||||
server CentOS7.2daygeek.com prefer iburst
|
||||
driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
|
||||
keys /etc/ntp/keys
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
更新配置后重启服务。
|
||||
|
||||
对于基于Debian的sysvinit系统，我们需要去运行`ntp`而不是`ntpd`。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# service ntpd restart
|
||||
|
||||
# chkconfig ntpd on
|
||||
```
|
||||
对于基于Debian的systemctl系统，我们需要去运行`ntp`和`ntpd`。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# systemctl restart ntpd
|
||||
|
||||
# systemctl enable ntpd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
重新启动NTP服务后等待几分钟以便从NTP服务器获取同步的时间。
|
||||
|
||||
在Linux上运行下列命令去验证NTP服务的同步状态。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ntpq –p
|
||||
或
|
||||
# ntpq -pn
|
||||
|
||||
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
|
||||
==============================================================================
|
||||
*CentOS7.2daygee 133.243.238.163 2 u 14 64 37 0.686 0.151 16.432
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
运行下列命令去得到ntpd的当前状态。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ntpstat
|
||||
synchronised to NTP server (192.168.1.8) at stratum 3
|
||||
time correct to within 508 ms
|
||||
polling server every 64 s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最后运行`date`命令。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# date
|
||||
Tue Mar 26 23:17:05 CDT 2019
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你观察到NTP中输出的偏移很大。运行下列命令从NTP服务器手动同步时钟。当你执行下列命令的时候，确保你的NTP客户端应该为未激活状态。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# ntpdate –uv CentOS7.2daygeek.com
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-configure-ntp-server-ntp-client-in-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[arrowfeng](https://github.com/arrowfeng)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/configure-ntp-client-using-chrony-in-linux/
|
||||
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
|
||||
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||||
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||||
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
|
||||
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
|
||||
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user