diff --git a/sources/talk/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md b/sources/talk/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md deleted file mode 100644 index a75a39a718..0000000000 --- a/sources/talk/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,65 +0,0 @@ -darsh8 Translating - -Book review: Ours to Hack and to Own -============================================================ - - ![Book review: Ours to Hack and to Own](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/education/EDUCATION_colorbooks.png?itok=liB3FyjP "Book review: Ours to Hack and to Own") -Image by : opensource.com - -It seems like the age of ownership is over, and I'm not just talking about the devices and software that many of us bring into our homes and our lives. I'm also talking about the platforms and services on which those devices and apps rely. - -While many of the services that we use are free, we don't have any control over them. The firms that do, in essence, control what we see, what we hear, and what we read. Not only that, but many of them are also changing the nature of work. They're using closed platforms to power a shift away from full-time work to the [gig economy][2], one that offers little in the way of security or certainty. - -This move has wide-ranging implications for the Internet and for everyone who uses and relies on it. The vision of the open Internet from just 20-odd-years ago is fading and is rapidly being replaced by an impenetrable curtain. - -One remedy that's becoming popular is building [platform cooperatives][3], which are digital platforms that their users own. The idea behind platform cooperatives has many of the same roots as open source, as the book "[Ours to Hack and to Own][4]" explains. - -Scholar Trebor Scholz and writer Nathan Schneider have collected 40 essays discussing the rise of, and the need for, platform cooperatives as tools ordinary people can use to promote openness, and to counter the opaqueness and the restrictions of closed systems. - -### Where open source fits in - -At or near the core of any platform cooperative lies open source; not necessarily open source technologies, but the principles and the ethos that underlie open source—openness, transparency, cooperation, collaboration, and sharing. - -In his introduction to the book, Trebor Scholz points out that: - -> In opposition to the black-box systems of the Snowden-era Internet, these platforms need to distinguish themselves by making their data flows transparent. They need to show where the data about customers and workers are stored, to whom they are sold, and for what purpose. - -It's that transparency, so essential to open source, which helps make platform cooperatives so appealing and a refreshing change from much of what exists now. - -Open source software can definitely play a part in the vision of platform cooperatives that "Ours to Hack and to Own" shares. Open source software can provide a fast, inexpensive way for groups to build the technical infrastructure that can power their cooperatives. - -Mickey Metts illustrates this in the essay, "Meet Your Friendly Neighborhood Tech Co-Op." Metts works for a firm called Agaric, which uses Drupal to build for groups and small business what they otherwise couldn't do for themselves. On top of that, Metts encourages anyone wanting to build and run their own business or co-op to embrace free and open source software. Why? It's high quality, it's inexpensive, you can customize it, and you can connect with large communities of helpful, passionate people. - -### Not always about open source, but open source is always there - -Not all of the essays in this book focus or touch on open source; however, the key elements of the open source way—cooperation, community, open governance, and digital freedom—are always on or just below the surface. - -In fact, as many of the essays in "Ours to Hack and to Own" argue, platform cooperatives can be important building blocks of a more open, commons-based economy and society. That can be, in Douglas Rushkoff's words, organizations like Creative Commons compensating "for the privatization of shared intellectual resources." It can also be what Francesca Bria, Barcelona's CTO, describes as cities running their own "distributed common data infrastructures with systems that ensure the security and privacy and sovereignty of citizens' data." - -### Final thought - -If you're looking for a blueprint for changing the Internet and the way we work, "Ours to Hack and to Own" isn't it. The book is more a manifesto than user guide. Having said that, "Ours to Hack and to Own" offers a glimpse at what we can do if we apply the principles of the open source way to society and to the wider world. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -作者简介: - -Scott Nesbitt - Writer. Editor. Soldier of fortune. Ocelot wrangler. Husband and father. Blogger. Collector of pottery. Scott is a few of these things. He's also a long-time user of free/open source software who extensively writes and blogs about it. You can find Scott on Twitter, GitHub - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://opensource.com/article/17/1/review-book-ours-to-hack-and-own - -作者：[Scott Nesbitt][a] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt -[1]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/review-book-ours-to-hack-and-own?rate=dgkFEuCLLeutLMH2N_4TmUupAJDjgNvFpqWqYCbQb-8 -[2]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_economy -[3]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_cooperative -[4]:http://www.orbooks.com/catalog/ours-to-hack-and-to-own/ -[5]:https://opensource.com/user/14925/feed -[6]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt diff --git a/translated/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md b/translated/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..1948ea4ab9 --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/20170131 Book review Ours to Hack and to Own.md @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +书评：《Ours to Hack and to Own》 +============================================================ + + ![书评: Ours to Hack and to Own](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/images/education/EDUCATION_colorbooks.png?itok=liB3FyjP "Book review: Ours to Hack and to Own") +Image by : opensource.com + +私有制的时代看起来似乎结束了,我将不仅仅讨论那些由我们中的许多人引入到我们的家庭与生活的设备和软件。我也将讨论这些设备与应用依赖的平台与服务。 + +尽管我们使用的许多服务是免费的，我们对它们并没有任何控制。本质上讲，这些企业确实控制着我们所看到的，听到的以及阅读到的内容。不仅如此，许多企业还在改变工作的性质。他们正使用封闭的平台来助长由全职工作到[零工经济][2]的转变方式,这种方式提供极少的安全性与确定性。 + +这项行动对于网络以及每一个使用与依赖网络的人产生了广泛的影响。仅仅二十多年前的开放网络的想象正在逐渐消逝并迅速地被一块难以穿透的幕帘所取代。 + +一种变得流行的补救办法就是建立[平台合作][3], 由他们的用户所拥有的电子化平台。正如这本书所阐述的，平台合作社背后的观点与开源有许多相同的根源。 + +学者Trebor Scholz和作家Nathan Schneider已经收集了40篇探讨平台合作社作为普通人可使用以提升开放性并对闭源系统的不透明性及各种限制予以还击的工具的增长及需求的论文。 + +### 哪里适合开源 + +任何平台合作社核心及接近核心的部分依赖与开源;不仅开源技术是必要的，构成开源开放性，透明性，协同合作以及共享的准则与理念同样不可或缺。 + +在这本书的介绍中, Trebor Scholz指出： + +> 与网络的黑盒子系统相反，这些平台需要使它们的数据流透明来辨别自身。他们需要展示客户与员工的数据在哪里存储，数据出售给了谁以及数据为了何种目的。 + +正是对开源如此重要的透明性，促使平台合作社如此吸引人并在目前大量已存平台之中成为令人耳目一新的变化。 + +开源软件在《Ours to Hack and to Own》所分享的平台合作社的构想中必然充当着重要角色。开源软件能够为群体建立助推合作社的技术型公共建设提供快速，不算昂贵的途径。 + +Mickey Metts在论文中这样形容， "与你的友好的社区型技术合作社相遇。（原文：Meet Your Friendly Neighborhood Tech Co-Op.）" Metts为一家名为Agaric的企业工作，这家企业使用Drupal为团体及小型企业建立他们不能独自完成的产品。除此以外, Metts还鼓励任何想要建立并运营自己的企业的公司或合作社的人接受免费且开源的软件。为什么呢？因为它是高质量的，不算昂贵的，可定制的，并且你能够与由乐于助人而又热情的人们组成的大型社区产生联系。 + +### 不总是开源的，但开源总在 + +这本书里不是所有的论文都聚焦或提及开源的;但是，开源方式的关键元素-合作，社区，开放管理以及电子自由化-总是在其表面若隐若现。 + +事实上正如《Ours to Hack and to Own》中许多论文所讨论的，建立一个更加开放，基于平常人的经济与社会区块，平台合作社会变得非常重要。用Douglas Rushkoff的话讲，那会是类似Creative Commons的组织“对共享知识资源的私有化”的补偿。它们也如Barcelona的CTO(首席执行官)Francesca Bria所描述的那样，是“通过确保市民数据安全性，隐私性和权利的系统”来运营他们自己的“分布式通用数据基础架构”的城市。 + +### 最后的思考 + +如果你在寻找改变互联网的蓝图以及我们工作的方式，《Ours to Hack and to Own》并不是你要寻找的。这本书与其说是用户指南，不如说是一种宣言。如书中所说，《Ours to Hack and to Own》让我们略微了解如果我们将开源方式准则应用于社会及更加广泛的世界我们能够做的事。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +作者简介: + +Scott Nesbitt -作家，编辑，雇佣兵，虎猫牛仔（原文：Ocelot wrangle），丈夫与父亲，博客写手，陶器收藏家。Scott正是做这样的一些事情。他还是大量写关于开源软件文章与博客的长期开源用户。你可以在Twitter,Github上找到他。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://opensource.com/article/17/1/review-book-ours-to-hack-and-own + +作者：[Scott Nesbitt][a] +译者：[darsh8](https://github.com/darsh8) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt +[1]:https://opensource.com/article/17/1/review-book-ours-to-hack-and-own?rate=dgkFEuCLLeutLMH2N_4TmUupAJDjgNvFpqWqYCbQb-8 +[2]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_economy +[3]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_cooperative +[4]:http://www.orbooks.com/catalog/ours-to-hack-and-to-own/ +[5]:https://opensource.com/user/14925/feed +[6]:https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt