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sources/tech/20140623 Advanced Directory Navigations Tips and Tricks in Linux.md Normal file
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Advanced Directory Navigations Tips and Tricks in Linux
================================================================================
Directory navigation is one of the most basic concepts when it comes to understanding any command line system. Although it’s not a very difficult thing to understand when it comes to Linux, there are certain tips and tricks that can enhance your experience, and help you do things faster. In this article, we will discuss some advanced directory navigation tips.
### The Stuff We Already Know ###
Before jumping on to the advanced concepts, here is the basics of directory navigation that the article expects its readers to know:
- ‘pwd’ command is used to display the current working directory.
- ‘cd’ command is used to change the current working directory.
- ‘cd’ followed by space and followed by a couple of periods (cd ..) brings the control back to the parent directory
- ‘cd’ followed by just the name of a subdirectory changes to that subdirectory
- ‘cd’ followed by a complete path changes to that directory
### Advanced Tips ###
In this section we will discuss some directory navigation tips and tricks that will help you easily switch between directories.
### Change to the home directory from anywhere ###
Your home directory is an important directory, and everyone switches back and forth quite frequently. While typing ‘cd /home/<your-home-directory-name>’, isn’t a big deal, there is another way out which is not only easier but faster too. And that alternative is typing only ‘cd’.
Here is an example :
$ pwd
/usr/include/netipx
$ cd
$ pwd
/home/himanshu
So you can see, no matter where the current control is, just type ‘cd’ command and you can immediately change to your home directory.
**NOTE**- To change to the home directory of a particular user, just type ‘cd ~user_name'
### Switch between directories using cd - ###
Suppose your current working directory is this:
$ pwd
/home/himanshu/practice
and you want to switch to the directory **/usr/bin/X11**, and then switch back to the directory mentioned above. So what will you do? The most straight forward way is :
$ cd /usr/bin/X11
$ cd /home/himanshu/practice/
Although it seems a good way out, it really becomes tiring when the path to the directories is very long and complicated. In those cases, you can use the ‘cd -’ command.
While using ‘cd -’ command, the first step will remain the same, i.e., you have to do a cd <path> to the directory to you want to change to, but for coming back to the previous directory, just do a ‘cd -’, and that’s it.
$ cd /usr/bin/X11
$ cd -
/home/himanshu/practice
$ pwd
/home/himanshu/practice
And if you want to again go back to the last directory, which in this case is /usr/bin/X11, run the ‘cd -’ command again. So you can see that using ‘cd -’ you can switch between directories easily. The only limitation is that it works with the last switched directories only.
### Switch between directories using pushd and popd ###
![directory navigation](http://linoxide.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/pushd-popd.jpg)
If you closely analyse the ‘cd -’ trick, you’ll find that it helps switching between only the last two directories, but what if there is a situation in which you switch multiple directories, and then want to switch back to the first one. For example, if you switch from directory A to directory B, and then to directory C and directory D. Now, you want to change back to Directory A.
As a general solution, you can type ‘cd’ followed by the path to directory A. But then again, if the path is long or complicated, the process can be time-consuming, especially when you have to switch between them frequently.
In these kind of situations, you can use the ‘pushd’ and ‘popd’ commands. The ‘pushd’ command saves the path to a directory in memory, and the ‘popd’ command removes it, and switches back to it too.
For example :
$ pushd .
/usr/include/netipx /usr/include/netipx
$ cd /etc/hp/
$ cd /home/himanshu/practice/
$ cd /media/
$ popd
/usr/include/netipx
$ pwd
/usr/include/netipx
So you can see that I used ‘pushd’ command to save the path to current working directory (represented by .), and then changed multiple directories. To come back to the saved directory, I just executed the ‘popd’ command.
**NOTE**- You can also use ‘pushd’ command to switch back to the saved directory, but that doesn’t remove it from the memory, like ‘popd’ does.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-command/directory-navigations-tips-tricks/
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

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sources/tech/20140623 How to speed up directory navigation in a Linux terminal.md Normal file
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How to speed up directory navigation in a Linux terminal
================================================================================
As useful as navigating through directories from the command line is, rarely anything has become as frustrating as repeating over and over "cd ls cd ls cd ls ..." If you are not a hundred percent sure of the name of the directory you want to go to next, you have to use ls. Then use cd to go where you want to. Hopefully, a lot of terminals and shell languages now propose a powerful auto-completion feature to cope with that problem. But it remains that you have to hit the tabulation key frenetically all the time. If you are as lazy as I am, you will be very interested in autojump. autojump is a command line utility that allows you to jump straight to your favorite directory, regardless of where you currently are.
### Install autojump on Linux ###
To install autojump on Ubuntu or Debian:
$ sudo apt-get install autojump
To install autojump on CentOS or Fedora, use yum command. On CentOS, you need to [enable EPEL repository][1] first.
$ sudo yum install autojump
To install autojump on Archlinux:
$ sudo pacman -S autojump
If you cannot find a package for your distribution, you can always compile from the sources on [GitHub][2].
### Basic Usage of autojump ###
The way autojump works is simple: it records your current location every time you launch a command, and adds it in its database. That way, some directories will be added more than others, typically your most important ones, and their "weight" will then be greater.
From there you can jump straight to them using the syntax:
autojump [name or partial name of the directory]
Notice that you do not need a full name as autojump will go through its database and return its most probable result.
For example, assume that we are working in a directory structure such as the following.
![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3921/14276240117_9f56b42fec_z.jpg)
Then the command below will take you straight to /root/home/doc regardless of where you were.
$ autojump do
If you hate typing too, I recommend making an alias for autojump or using the default one.
$ j [name or partial name of the directory]
Another notable feature is that autojump supports both zsh shell and auto-completion. If you are not sure of where you are about to jump, just hit the tabulation key and you will see the full path.
So keeping the same example, typing:
$ autojump d
and then hitting tab will return either /root/home/doc or /root/home/ddl.
Finally for the advanced user, you can access the directory database and modify its content. It then becomes possible to manually add a directory to it via:
$ autojump -a [directory]
If you suddenly want to make it your favorite and most frequently used folder, you can artificially increase its weight by launching from within it the command
$ autojump -i [weight]
This will result in this directory being more likely to be selected to jump to. The opposite would be to decrease its weight with:
$ autojump -d [weight]
To keep track of all these changes, typing:
$ autojump -s
will display the statistics in the database, while:
$ autojump --purge
will remove from the database any directory that does not exist anymore.
To conclude, autojump will be appreciated by all the command line power users. Whether you are ssh-ing into a server, or just like to do things the old fashion way, reducing your navigation time with fewer keystrokes is always a plus. If you are really into that kind of utilities, you should definitely look into [Fasd][3] too, which deserves a post in itself.
What do you think of autojump? Do you use it regularly? Let us know in the comments.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://xmodulo.com/2014/06/speed-up-directory-navigation-linux-terminal.html
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2013/03/how-to-set-up-epel-repository-on-centos.html
[2]:https://github.com/joelthelion/autojump
[3]:https://github.com/clvv/fasd