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@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
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||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: publisher: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11695-1.html)
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Annotate screenshots on Linux with Ksnip)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/12/annotate-screenshots-linux-ksnip)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Clayton Dewey https://opensource.com/users/cedewey)
|
||||
|
||||
在 Linux 上使用 Ksnip 注释截图
|
||||
======
|
||||
Ksnip 让你能轻松地在 Linux 中创建和标记截图。
|
||||
|
||||
> Ksnip 让你能轻松地在 Linux 中创建和标记截图。
|
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|
||||
![a checklist for a team][1]
|
||||
|
||||
我最近从 MacOS 切换到了 [Elementary OS][2]，这是一个专注于易用性和隐私性的 Linux 发行版。作为用户体验设计师和免费软件支持者，我会经常截图并进行注释。在尝试了几种不同的工具之后，到目前为止，我最喜欢的工具是 [Ksnip][3]，它是 GPLv2 许可下的一种开源工具。
|
||||
我最近从 MacOS 切换到了 [Elementary OS][2]，这是一个专注于易用性和隐私性的 Linux 发行版。作为用户体验设计师和自由软件支持者，我会经常截图并进行注释。在尝试了几种不同的工具之后，到目前为止，我最喜欢的工具是 [Ksnip][3]，它是 GPLv2 许可下的一种开源工具。
|
||||
|
||||
![Ksnip screenshot][4]
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|
||||
@ -20,22 +22,19 @@ Ksnip 让你能轻松地在 Linux 中创建和标记截图。
|
||||
|
||||
使用你首选的包管理器安装 Ksnip。我通过 Apt 安装了它：
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
`sudo apt-get install ksnip`
|
||||
sudo apt-get install ksnip
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 配置
|
||||
|
||||
Ksnip 有许多配置选项，包括：
|
||||
|
||||
* 保存截图的地方
|
||||
* 默认截图的文件名
|
||||
* 图像采集器行为
|
||||
* 光标颜色和宽度
|
||||
* 文字字体
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* 保存截图的地方
|
||||
* 默认截图的文件名
|
||||
* 图像采集器行为
|
||||
* 光标颜色和宽度
|
||||
* 文字字体
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以将其与你的 Imgur 帐户集成。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ Ksnip 有许多配置选项，包括：
|
||||
|
||||
Ksnip 提供了大量的[功能][6]。我最喜欢的 Ksnip 部分是它拥有我需要的所有注释工具（还有一个我没想到的工具！）。
|
||||
|
||||
您可以使用以下注释：
|
||||
你可以使用以下注释：
|
||||
|
||||
* 钢笔
|
||||
* 记号笔
|
||||
@ -53,8 +52,6 @@ Ksnip 提供了大量的[功能][6]。我最喜欢的 Ksnip 部分是它拥有
|
||||
* 椭圆
|
||||
* 文字
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
你还可以模糊区域来移除敏感信息。还有使用我最喜欢的新工具：用于在界面上表示步骤的带数字的点。
|
||||
|
||||
### 关于作者
|
||||
@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ Ksnip 提供了大量的[功能][6]。我最喜欢的 Ksnip 部分是它拥有
|
||||
|
||||
当我问到是什么启发了他编写 Ksnip 时，他说：
|
||||
|
||||
>“几年前我从 Windows 切换到 Linux，却没有了在 Windows 中常用的 Windows Snipping Tool。当时的所有其他截图工具要么很大（很多按钮和复杂功能），要么缺少诸如注释等关键功能，所以我决定编写一个简单的 Windows Snipping Tool 克隆版，但是随着时间的流逝，它开始有越来越多的功能。“
|
||||
> “几年前我从 Windows 切换到 Linux，却没有了在 Windows 中常用的 Windows Snipping Tool。当时的所有其他截图工具要么很大（很多按钮和复杂功能），要么缺少诸如注释等关键功能，所以我决定编写一个简单的 Windows Snipping Tool 克隆版，但是随着时间的流逝，它开始有越来越多的功能。“
|
||||
|
||||
这正是我在评估截图工具时发现的。他花时间构建解决方案并免费共享给他人使用，这真是太好了。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -77,7 +74,7 @@ Damir 最需要的是帮助开发 Ksnip。他和他的妻子很快就会有孩
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
_此文章最初发表在 [Agaric Tech Cooperative 的博客][9]上，并经允许重新发布。_
|
||||
> 此文章最初发表在 [Agaric Tech Cooperative 的博客][9]上，并经允许重新发布。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
@ -86,7 +83,7 @@ via: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/annotate-screenshots-linux-ksnip
|
||||
作者：[Clayton Dewey][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
|
||||
|
||||
Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
This article shows you how to install the software you need to use Cockpit to create and manage virtual machines on Fedora 31. Cockpit is [an interactive admin interface][2] that lets you access and manage systems from any supported web browser. With [virt-manager being deprecated][3] users are encouraged to use Cockpit instead, which is meant to replace it.
|
||||
|
||||
Cockpit is an actively developed project, with many plugins available that extend how it works. For example, one such plugin is “Machines,” which interacts with libvirtd and lets users create and manage virtual machines.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing software
|
||||
|
||||
The required software prerequisites are _libvirt_, _cockpit_ and _cockpit-machines_. To install them on Fedora 31, run the following command from a terminal [using sudo][4]:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install libvirt cockpit cockpit-machines
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Cockpit is also included as part of the “Headless Management” package group. This group is useful for a Fedora based server that you only access through a network. In that case, to install it, use this command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Headless Management"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Setting up Cockpit services
|
||||
|
||||
After installing the necessary packages it’s time to enable the services. The _libvirtd_ service runs the virtual machines, while Cockpit has a socket activated service to let you access the Web GUI:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl enable libvirtd --now
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl enable cockpit.socket --now
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This should be enough to run virtual machines and manage them through Cockpit. Optionally, if you want to access and manage your machine from another device on your network, you need to expose the service to the network. To do this, add a new rule in your firewall configuration:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=cockpit --permanent
|
||||
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
To confirm the services are running and no issues occurred, check the status of the services:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl status cockpit.socket
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
At this point everything should be working. The Cockpit web GUI should be available at <https://localhost:9090> or <https://127.0.0.1:9090>. Or, enter the local network IP in a web browser on any other device connected to the same network. (Without SSL certificates setup, you may need to allow a connection from your browser.)
|
||||
|
||||
### Creating and installing a machine
|
||||
|
||||
Log into the interface using the user name and password for that system. You can also choose whether to allow your password to be used for administrative tasks in this session.
|
||||
|
||||
Select _Virtual Machines_ and then select _Create VM_ to build a new box. The console gives you several options:
|
||||
|
||||
* Download an OS using Cockpit’s built in library
|
||||
* Use install media already downloaded on the system you’re managing
|
||||
* Point to a URL for an OS installation tree
|
||||
* Boot media over the network via the [PXE][5] protocol
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Enter all the necessary parameters. Then select _Create_ to power up the new virtual machine.
|
||||
|
||||
At this point, a graphical console appears. Most modern web browsers let you use your keyboard and mouse to interact with the VM console. Now you can complete your installation and use your new VM, just as you would [via virt-manager in the past][6].
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
_Photo by [Miguel Teixeira][7] on [Flickr][8] (CC BY-SA 2.0)._
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/create-vm-cockpit-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://cockpit-project.org/
|
||||
[3]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/8.0_release_notes/rhel-8_0_0_release#virtualization_4
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/
|
||||
[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment
|
||||
[6]: https://fedoramagazine.org/full-virtualization-system-on-fedora-workstation-30/
|
||||
[7]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/
|
||||
[8]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/2964851828/
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Go mouseless with the Linux Ratpoison window manager)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/19/12/ratpoison-linux-desktop)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Seth Kenlon https://opensource.com/users/seth)
|
||||
|
||||
Go mouseless with the Linux Ratpoison window manager
|
||||
======
|
||||
This article is part of a special series of 24 days of Linux desktops.
|
||||
If you'd rather live in a terminal all day and avoid mousing around, the
|
||||
Ratpoison window manager is the solution for you.
|
||||
![Buildings with different color windows][1]
|
||||
|
||||
Maybe you don't like desktops. Maybe even a lightweight window manager seems excessive to you. Maybe all you really use is a graphical user interface (GUI) application or two, and you're otherwise perfectly happy living in a terminal all day. If one or more of these sentiments sound familiar, then [Ratpoison][2] is the solution.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ratpoison][3]
|
||||
|
||||
The Ratpoison window manager models itself after [GNU Screen][4]. All window controls are performed with keyboard shortcuts, so you don't have to grab the mouse just to move a window out of your way. The trade-off is that it's impossibly minimalistic, which is, conveniently, also its greatest strength.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing Ratpoison
|
||||
|
||||
Install Ratpoison from your distribution's software repository. After installing it, log out of your current desktop session so you can log into your new one. By default, your session manager (KDM, GDM, LightDM, or XDM, depending on your setup) will continue to log you into your previous desktop, so you must override that before logging in.
|
||||
|
||||
With GDM:
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
With SDDM:
|
||||
|
||||
![][6]
|
||||
|
||||
### Ratpoison desktop tour
|
||||
|
||||
The first time you log into Ratpoison, you are greeted by a black screen with some text in the upper-right corner telling you that you can press **Ctrl+t** for help.
|
||||
|
||||
That's all there is to the Ratpoison desktop.
|
||||
|
||||
### Interacting with Ratpoison
|
||||
|
||||
Ratpoison documentation uses Emacs-style notation for keyboard controls, so I'll use the same notation in this article. If you're unfamiliar with Emacs or GNU Screen, it can look confusing at first, so here's explicit instruction on how to "decode" this style of notation. The Control key on your keyboard is written as **C-**. To trigger Ratpoison's command mode, you press **C-t**, which means that you press **Ctrl+t**.
|
||||
|
||||
Since the **C-t** shortcut puts you into command mode, it's expected that some other key sequence will follow. For instance, to launch an xterm window, press **Ctrl+t**, just as you would when opening a new tab in a web browser, then press **c**. This may feel a little unnatural at first, because most of the keyboard shortcuts you're used to probably involve only one action. Ratpoison (and GNU Screen and Emacs) more often involve two.
|
||||
|
||||
The first application you probably should launch is either Emacs or a terminal.
|
||||
|
||||
In Ratpoison, your terminal is your exclusive gateway to the rest of the computer because there's no application menu or icons to click. The default terminal is the humble xterm, and it's available with the **C-t c** shortcut (I remember the **c** as being short for "console").
|
||||
|
||||
#### Launching applications
|
||||
|
||||
I usually start with Emacs instead, because it has most of the features I use anyway, including the **shell** terminal and the **dired** file manager. To start an arbitrary application in Ratpoison, press **C-t** and then the **!** (exclamation point) symbol. This provides a prompt in the upper-right corner of the screen. Type the command for the application you want to start and press **Return** or **Enter** to launch it.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Switching windows
|
||||
|
||||
Each application you launch takes over the entire screen by default. That means if [urxvt][7] is running, and then you launch Emacs, you can no longer interact with urxvt. Because switching back and forth between two application windows is a pretty common task, Ratpoison assigns it to the same keystroke as your usual Ratpoison command: **C-t C-t**. That means you press **Ctrl+t** once, and then **Ctrl+t** a second time. This is a toggle, like the default (at least in KDE and GNOME) behavior of a quick **Alt+Tab**.
|
||||
|
||||
To cycle through all open windows, use **C-t n** for _next_ and **C-t p** for _previous_.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Tiling window manager
|
||||
|
||||
You're free to use Ratpoison as a full-screen viewscreen, but most of us are used to seeing more than one window at a time. To allow that, Ratpoison lets you split your screen into frames or tiles and launch an application within each space.
|
||||
|
||||
![Ratpoison in split-screen mode][8]
|
||||
|
||||
With at least one application open, you can split the screen horizontally with **C-t s** (that's a lowercase "s") or vertically with **C-t S** (that's a capital "S").
|
||||
|
||||
To switch to another frame, use **C-t Tab**.
|
||||
|
||||
To remove another frame, press **C-t R**.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Moving windows in split-screen mode
|
||||
|
||||
Rearranging frames when Ratpoison has been split into several parts is done with the **Ctrl** key and a corresponding **Arrow** key. For instance, suppose you have a vertical split in the top half of your screen and a single frame in the bottom half. If an application is in the top-left frame, and you want to move it to the lower half of the screen, then—with that application active (use **C-t Tab** to get there)—press **C-t** to enter command mode and then **C-Down** (that's **Ctrl** with the **Down arrow** key). The application moves to the bottom half of the screen, with the application that took up the bottom half moving into the top-left.
|
||||
|
||||
To move that application to the top-right frame instead, press **C-t Right** (**Ctrl** with the **Right arrow** key).
|
||||
|
||||
To remove the top-left frame entirely, use **C-t R**. This doesn't kill the application in the frame, it only removes the frame from your viewport. The application that once occupied the frame is sent to the background and can be reached by cycling through the windows as usual (**C-t n**, for instance).
|
||||
|
||||
### Why you need to try Ratpoison
|
||||
|
||||
Ratpoison is a great example of an early (but current) tiling window manager. Other window managers like it exist, and some desktops even borrow concepts from this tradition by offering tiling features (KWin in KDE, for example, has an option to spawn new windows in tiles across the desktop).
|
||||
|
||||
If you've never used a tiling window manager, you owe it to yourself to try at least once. First, make it a goal to use Ratpoison. Then make it a goal to get through a whole afternoon without your mouse. Once you get the hang of it, you might be surprised at how quickly you can work.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/12/ratpoison-linux-desktop
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Seth Kenlon][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/seth
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/colors-colorful-box-rectangle.png?itok=doWmqCdf (Buildings with different color windows)
|
||||
[2]: https://www.nongnu.org/ratpoison/
|
||||
[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-ratpoison.png (Ratpoison)
|
||||
[4]: https://opensource.com/article/17/3/introduction-gnu-screen
|
||||
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/advent-gdm_1.jpg
|
||||
[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/advent-kdm_0.jpg
|
||||
[7]: https://opensource.com/article/19/10/why-use-rxvt-terminal
|
||||
[8]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/advent-ratpoison-split.jpg (Ratpoison in split-screen mode)
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to Start, Stop & Restart Services in Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/start-stop-restart-services-linux/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/)
|
||||
|
||||
How to Start, Stop & Restart Services in Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
Services are essential background processes that are usually run while booting up and shut down with the OS.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a sysadmin, you’ll deal with the service regularly.
|
||||
|
||||
If you are a normal desktop user, you may come across the need to restart a service like [setting up Barrier for sharing mouse and keyboard between computers][1]. or when you are [using ufw to setup firewall][2].
|
||||
|
||||
Today I will show you two different ways you can manage services. You’ll learn to start, stop and restart services in Ubuntu or any other Linux distribution.
|
||||
|
||||
systemd vs init
|
||||
|
||||
Ubuntu and many other distributions these days use systemd instead of the good old init.
|
||||
|
||||
In systemd, you manage sevices with systemctl command.
|
||||
|
||||
In init, you manage service with service command.
|
||||
|
||||
You’ll notice that even though your Linux system uses systemd, it is still able to use the service command (intended to be used with init system). This is because service command is actually redirect to systemctl. It’s sort of backward compatibility introduced by systemd because sysadmins were habitual of using the service command.
|
||||
|
||||
I’ll show both systemctl and service command in this tutorial.
|
||||
|
||||
_I am Ubuntu 18.04 here, but the process (no pun intended) is the same for other versions._
|
||||
|
||||
### Method 1: Managing services in Linux with systemd
|
||||
|
||||
I am starting with systemd because of the obvious reason of its widespread adoption.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1\. List all services
|
||||
|
||||
In order to manage the services, you first need to know what services are available on your system.
|
||||
|
||||
You can use the systemd command to list all the services on your Linux system:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
systemctl list-unit-files --type service -all
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![systemctl list-unit-files][3]
|
||||
|
||||
This command will output the state of all services. The value of a service’s state can be enabled, disabled, masked (inactive until mask is unset), static and generated.
|
||||
|
||||
Combine it with the [grep command][4] and you can **display just the running services**:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo systemctl | grep running
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![Display running services systemctl][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Now that you know how to reference all different services, you can start actively managing them.
|
||||
|
||||
**Note:** ***<service-***_**name>**_ _in the commands should be replaced by the name of the service you wish to manage (e.g. network-manager, ufw etc.)._
|
||||
|
||||
#### **2\. Start a** service
|
||||
|
||||
To start a service in Linux, you just need to use its name like this:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
systemctl start <service-name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3\. **Stop** a service
|
||||
|
||||
To stop a systemd service, you can use the stop option of systemctl command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
systemctl stop <service-name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4\. Re**start** a service
|
||||
|
||||
To restart a service in Linux with systemd, you can use:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
systemctl restart <service-name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5\. Check the status of a service
|
||||
|
||||
You can confirm that you have successfully executed a certain action by printing the service status:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
systemctl status <service-name>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will output information in the following manner:
|
||||
|
||||
![systemctl status][6]
|
||||
|
||||
That was systemd. Let’s switch to init now.
|
||||
|
||||
### Method 2: Managing services in Linux with init
|
||||
|
||||
The commands in init are also as simple as system.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 1\. List all services
|
||||
|
||||
To list all the Linux services, use
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
service --status-all
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![service –status-all][7]
|
||||
|
||||
The services preceded by **[ – ]** are **disabled** and those with **[ + ]** are **enabled**.
|
||||
|
||||
#### **2\. Start** a service
|
||||
|
||||
To start a service in Ubuntu and other distributions, use this command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
service <service-name> start
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### **3\. Stop** a service
|
||||
|
||||
Stopping a service is equally easy.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
service <service-name> stop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 4\. Re**start** a service
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to restart a service, the command is:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
service <service-name> restart
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5\. Check the status of a service
|
||||
|
||||
Furthermore, to check if your intended result was achieved, you can output the service ****status**:**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
service <service-name> status
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This will output information in the following manner:
|
||||
|
||||
![service status][8]
|
||||
|
||||
This will, most importantly, tell you if a certain service is active **(**running**)** or not.
|
||||
|
||||
**Wrapping Up**
|
||||
|
||||
Today I detailed two very simple methods of managing services on Ubuntu or any other Linux system. I hope this article was helpful to you.
|
||||
|
||||
Which method do you prefer? Let us know in the comment section below!
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/start-stop-restart-services-linux/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Sergiu][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://itsfoss.com/keyboard-mouse-sharing-between-computers/
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/set-up-firewall-gufw/
|
||||
[3]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/systemctl_list_services.png?ssl=1
|
||||
[4]: https://linuxhandbook.com/grep-command-examples/
|
||||
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/systemctl_grep_running.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/systemctl_status.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
[7]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/service_status_all.png?ssl=1
|
||||
[8]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/service_status.jpg?ssl=1
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Create virtual machines with Cockpit in Fedora)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/)
|
||||
|
||||
在 Fedora 中使用 Cockpit 创建虚拟机
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
本文向你展示如何在 Fedora 31 上使用安装 Cockpit 所需软件来创建和管理虚拟机。Cockpit 是一个[交互式管理界面][2]，可让你在任何受支持的 Web 浏览器上访问和管理系统。随着 [virt-manager 正逐渐废弃][3]，用户被鼓励使用 Cockpit 来替换它。
|
||||
|
||||
Cockpit 是一个积极开发的项目，它有许多扩展其工作的插件。例如，其中一个是 “Machines”，它与 libvirtd 交互并允许用户创建和管理虚拟机。
|
||||
|
||||
### 安装软件
|
||||
|
||||
先决所需软件是 _libvirt _、_ cockpit_ 和 _cockpit-machines_。要将它们安装在 Fedora 31 上，请在终端[使用 sudo][4] 运行以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf install libvirt cockpit cockpit-machines
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Cockpit 也在 “Headless Management” 软件包组中。该组对于仅通过网络访问的基于 Fedora 的服务器很有用。在这里，请使用以下命令进行安装：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Headless Management"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### 设置 Cockpit 服务
|
||||
|
||||
安装了必要的软件包后，就该启用服务了。 _libvirtd_ 服务运行虚拟机，而 Cockpit 有一个激活的套接字服务，可让你访问 Web GUI：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl enable libvirtd --now
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl enable cockpit.socket --now
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这应该足以运行虚拟机并通过 Cockpit 对其进行管理。（可选）如果要从网络上的另一台设备访问并管理计算机，那么需要将该服务开放给网络。为此，请在防火墙配置中添加新规则：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=cockpit --permanent
|
||||
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
要确认服务正在运行并且没有发生任何问题，请检查服务的状态：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd
|
||||
$ sudo systemctl status cockpit.socket
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
此时一切都应该正常工作。Cockpit Web GUI 应该可通过 <https://localhost:9090> 或 <https://127.0.0.1:9090> 访问。或者，在连接到同一网络的任何其他设备上的 Web 浏览器中输入本地网络 IP。（如果未设置 SSL 证书，那么可能需要允许来自浏览器的连接。）
|
||||
|
||||
### 创建和安装机器
|
||||
|
||||
使用系统的用户名和密码登录界面。你还可以选择是否允许在此会话中将密码用于管理任务。
|
||||
|
||||
选择 _Virtual Machines_，然后选择_ Create VM_ 来创建一台新的虚拟机。控制台为你提供几个选项：
|
||||
|
||||
* 使用 Cockpit 的内置库下载操作系统
|
||||
* 使用系统上已下载的安装媒体
|
||||
* 指向系统安装树的 URL
|
||||
* 通过 [PXE][5] 协议通过网络引导媒体
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
输入所有必要的参数。然后选择 _Create_ 启动新虚拟机。
|
||||
|
||||
此时，将出现一个图形控制台。大多数现代 Web 浏览器都允许你使用键盘和鼠标与 VM 控制台进行交互。现在，你可以完成安装并使用新的 VM，就像[过去通过 virt-manager][6] 一样。
|
||||
|
||||
* * *
|
||||
|
||||
_照片由 [Miguel Teixeira][7] 发布于 [Flickr][8]（CC BY-SA 2.0）_
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://fedoramagazine.org/create-virtual-machines-with-cockpit-in-fedora/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Karlis KavacisPaul W. Frields][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/karlisk/https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/create-vm-cockpit-816x345.jpg
|
||||
[2]: https://cockpit-project.org/
|
||||
[3]: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/8.0_release_notes/rhel-8_0_0_release#virtualization_4
|
||||
[4]: https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/
|
||||
[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment
|
||||
[6]: https://fedoramagazine.org/full-virtualization-system-on-fedora-workstation-30/
|
||||
[7]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/
|
||||
[8]: https://flickr.com/photos/miguelteixeira/2964851828/
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user