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20141229 选题 2 Ways To Fix The UEFI Bootloader When Dual Booting Windo…
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2 Ways To Fix The UEFI Bootloader When Dual Booting Windows And Ubuntu
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================================================================================
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The main problem that users experience after following my [tutorials for dual booting Ubuntu and Windows 8][1] is that their computer continues to boot directly into Windows 8 with no option for running Ubuntu.
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Here are two ways to fix the EFI boot loader to get the Ubuntu portion to boot correctly.
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### 1. Make GRUB The Active Bootloader ###
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There are a few things that may have gone wrong during the installation.
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In theory if you have managed to install Ubuntu in the first place then you will have [turned off fast boot][2].
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Hopefully you [followed this guide to create a bootable UEFI Ubuntu USB drive][3] as this installs the correct UEFI boot loader.
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If you have done both of these things as part of the installation, the bit that may have gone wrong is the part where you set GRUB2 as the boot manager.
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To set GRUB2 as the default bootloader follow these steps:
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1.Login to Windows 8
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2.Go to the desktop
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3.Right click on the start button and choose administrator command prompt
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4.Type mountvol g: /s (This maps your EFI folder structure to the G drive).
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5.Type cd g:\EFI
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6.When you do a directory listing you will see a folder for Ubuntu. Type dir.
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7.There should be options for grubx64.efi and shimx64.efi
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8.Run the following command to set grubx64.efi as the bootloader:
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi
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9:Reboot your computer
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10:You should now have a GRUB menu appear with options for Ubuntu and Windows.
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11:If your computer still boots straight to Windows repeat steps 1 through 7 again but this time type:
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi
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12:Reboot your computer
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What you are doing here is logging into the Windows administration command prompt, mapping a drive to the EFI partition so that you can see where the Ubuntu bootloaders are installed and then either choosing grubx64.efi or shimx64.efi as the bootloader.
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So [what is the difference between grubx64.efi and shimx64.efi][4]? You should choose grubx64.efi if secureboot is turned off. If secureboot is turned on you should choose shimx64.efi.
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In my steps above I have suggested trying one and then trying another. The other option is to install one and then turn secure boot on or off within the UEFI firmware for your computer depending on the bootloader you chose.
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### 2. Use rEFInd To Dual Boot Windows 8 And Ubuntu ###
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The [rEFInd boot loader][5] works by listing all of your operating systems as icons. You will therefore be able to boot Windows, Ubuntu and operating systems from USB drives simply by clicking the appropriate icon.
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To download rEFInd for Windows 8 [click here][6].
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After you have downloaded the file extract the zip file.
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Now follow these steps to install rEFInd.
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1.Go to the desktop
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2.Right click on the start button and choose administrator command prompt
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3.Type mountvol g: /s (This maps your EFI folder structure to the G drive)
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4.Navigate to the extracted rEFInd folder. For example:
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cd c:\users\gary\downloads\refind-bin-0.8.4\refind-bin-0.8.4
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When you type dir you should see a folder for refind
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5.Type the following to copy refind to the EFI partition:
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xcopy /E refind g:\EFI\refind\
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6.Type the following to navigate to the refind folder
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cd g:\EFI\refind
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7.Rename the sample configuration file:
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rename refind.conf-sample refind.conf
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8.Run the following command to set rEFInd as the bootloader
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi
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9.Reboot your computer
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10.You should now have a menu similar to the image above with options to boot Windows and Ubuntu
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This process is fairly similar to choosing the GRUB bootloader.
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Basically it involves downloading rEFInd, extracting the files. copying the files to the EFI partition, renaming the configuration file and then setting rEFInd as the boot loader.
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### Summary ###
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Hopefully this guide has solved the issues that some of you have been having with dual booting Ubuntu and Windows 8.1. If you are still having issues feel free to get back in touch using the email link above.
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作者：[Gary Newell][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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via:http://linux.about.com/od/LinuxNewbieDesktopGuide/tp/3-Ways-To-Fix-The-UEFI-Bootloader-When-Dual-Booting-Windows-And-Ubuntu.htm
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[a]:http://linux.about.com/bio/Gary-Newell-132058.htm
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[1]:http://linux.about.com/od/LinuxNewbieDesktopGuide/ss/The-Ultimate-Windows-81-And-Ubuntu-
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[2]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-UEFI-Bootable-Ubuntu-USB-Drive-Using-Windows_3.htm#step-heading
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[3]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-UEFI-Bootable-Ubuntu-USB-Drive-Using-Windows.htm
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[4]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/SecureBoot
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[5]:http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#windows
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[6]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/0.8.4/refind-bin-0.8.4.zip/download
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Windows和Ubuntu双系统，修复UEFI引导的两种办法
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=======================================================================
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读者在读过我的[安装Ubuntu和Windows 8双系统教程][1]以后，碰到的主要的问题是电脑直接启动到Windows 8而没有出现启动Ubuntu的选项。
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这里有两种修复EFI启动引导的方法，使Ubuntu可以正常启动
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 "将GRUB2设置为启动引导"
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### 1. 启用GRUB引导 ###
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在安装时，有些地方可能会出问题。
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理论上来说，如果你首先安装Ubuntu，那么你需要[关闭快速启动][2]。
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希望你[按照这个指南创建一个UEFI Ubuntu 启动优盘][3]安装正确的UEFI引导程序。
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如果你在安装时已经完成了这些事情，那么可能出错的地方就是将GRUB2设置为启动管理器。
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可以按照以下几个步骤将GRUB2设置为默认的引导程序：
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1.登录Windows 8
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2.转到桌面
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3.右击开始按钮，选择管理员命令行
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4.输入 mountvol g: (将你的EFI目录结构映射到G盘)
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5.输入 cd g:\EFI
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6.当你输入 dir 列出文件夹内容时，你可以看到一个Ubuntu的文件夹
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7.这里的参数可以是grubx64.efi或者shimx64.efi
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8.运行下列命令将grub64.efi设置为启动引导程序：
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi
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9.重启你的电脑
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10.你将会看到一个包含Ubuntu和Windows选项的GRUB菜单
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11.如果你的电脑仍然直接启动到Windows，重复步骤1到7，但是这次输入：
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi
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12.重启你的电脑
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这里你做的事情是登录Windows管理员命令行，将EFI引导区映射到磁盘上，来查看Ubuntu的引导程序是否安装成功，然后选择grubx64.efi或者shimx64.efi作为引导程序。
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那么[grubx64.efi和shimx64.efi有什么区别呢][4]？在安全启动（serureboot）关闭的情况下，你可以使用grubx64.efi。如果安全启动打开则需要选择shimx64.efi。
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在我上面的步骤里面，我建议先试一个，然后再试试另外一个。另外一种方法是选择一个，然后根据你选择的引导程序在BIOS中启用或者禁用安全启动。
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### 2.使用rEFInd引导Ubuntu和Windows双系统 ###
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[rEFInd引导程序][5]会以图标的方式列出你所有的操作系统。因此，你可以通过点击相应的图标来启动Windows、Ubuntu或者优盘中的操作系统。
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[点击这里][6]下载rEFInd for Windows 8。
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下载和解压以后，按照以下的步骤安装rEFInd。
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1.返回桌面
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2.右击开始按钮，选择管理员命令行
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3.输入 mountvol g: (将你的EFI目录结构映射到G盘)
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4.进入解压的rEFInd目录。例如：
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cd c:\users\gary\downloads\refind-bin-0.8.4\refind-bin-0.8.4
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当你输入 dir 命令，你可以看到一个refind目录
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5.输入如下命令将refind拷贝到EFI引导区
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xcopy /E refind g:\EFI\refind\
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6.输入如下命令进入refind文件夹
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cd g:\EFI\refind
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7.重命名示例配置文件
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rename refind.conf-sample refind.conf
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8.运行如下命令将rEFind设置为引导程序
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bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\refind\refind_x64.efi
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9.重启你的电脑
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10.你将会看到一个包含Ubuntu和Windows的图形菜单
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这个过程和选择GRUB引导程序十分相似。
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简单的说，主要是下载rEFind，解压文件。拷贝文件到EFI引导区，重命名配置文件，然后将rEFind设置为引导程序。
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### 概要 ###
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希望这篇文章可以解决有些人在安装Ubuntu和Windows 8.1双系统时出现的问题。如果你仍然有问题，可以通过上面的电邮和我进行交流。
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作者：[Gary Newell][a]
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译者：[zhouj-sh](https://github.com/zhouj-sh)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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via:http://linux.about.com/od/LinuxNewbieDesktopGuide/tp/3-Ways-To-Fix-The-UEFI-Bootloader-When-Dual-Booting-Windows-And-Ubuntu.htm
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[a]:http://linux.about.com/bio/Gary-Newell-132058.htm
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[1]:http://linux.about.com/od/LinuxNewbieDesktopGuide/ss/The-Ultimate-Windows-81-And-Ubuntu-
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[2]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-UEFI-Bootable-Ubuntu-USB-Drive-Using-Windows_3.htm#step-heading
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[3]:http://linux.about.com/od/howtos/ss/How-To-Create-A-UEFI-Bootable-Ubuntu-USB-Drive-Using-Windows.htm
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[4]:https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/SecureBoot
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[5]:http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/installing.html#windows
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[6]:http://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/0.8.4/refind-bin-0.8.4.zip/download
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