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Merge remote-tracking branch 'LCTT/master'
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@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (rakino)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: publisher: (wxy)
|
||||
[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-12702-1.html)
|
||||
[#]: subject: (How to view information on your Linux devices with lshw)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583598/how-to-view-information-on-your-linux-devices-with-lshw.html)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
|
||||
|
||||
如何使用 lshw 查看 Linux 设备信息
|
||||
======
|
||||
Linux 系统上的 lshw（<ruby>列出硬件<rt>list hardware</rt></ruby>）命令提供的系统设备信息比我们大多数人想象的要多得多。
|
||||
|
||||
> Linux 系统上的 lshw 命令提供的系统设备信息比我们大多数人想象的要多得多。
|
||||
|
||||
![Kali Linux logo / gears / binary data][1]
|
||||
(Kali Linux / nevarpp / Getty Images)
|
||||
|
||||
虽然 **lshw** 命令（读作 “ls hardware”）远不是每个人最先学会的 50 个 Linux 命令之一，但它可以提供很多系统硬件的有用信息。
|
||||
虽然 `lshw` 命令（<ruby>列出硬件<rt>list hardware</rt></ruby>，读作 “ls hardware”）远不是每个人最先学会的 50 个 Linux 命令之一，但它可以提供很多系统硬件的有用信息。
|
||||
|
||||
它以一种相当易于理解的格式提取出可能比你知道的更多的信息。在看到描述、（设备）逻辑名称、大小等以后，你可能会理解到自己能获得多少信息。
|
||||
|
||||
这篇文章会研究 **lshw** 给出的信息，但侧重于磁盘及相关硬件。下面是 **lshw** 的输出示例：
|
||||
这篇文章会研究 `lshw` 给出的信息，但侧重于磁盘及相关硬件。下面是 `lshw` 的输出示例：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ $ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
logical name: /dev/sdc
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
请注意，你需要使用 **sudo** 运行 **lshw** 命令以确保能得到所有可用的信息。
|
||||
请注意，你需要使用 `sudo` 运行 `lshw` 命令以确保能得到所有可用的信息。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然我们在上面的命令中要求了“磁盘（disk）”（上面只包含了原始输出里五个条目中的一个），这里的输出却不是一个硬盘，而是读卡器——磁盘的一种。注意系统将这个设备命名为了 **/dev/sdc**。
|
||||
虽然我们在上面的命令中要求了输出“磁盘（`disk`）”（上面只包含了原始输出里五个条目中的一个），这里的输出却不是一个硬盘，而是读卡器——磁盘的一种。注意系统将这个设备命名为了 `/dev/sdc`。
|
||||
|
||||
系统的主磁盘上也有相似的信息：
|
||||
|
||||
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ $ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
f63b5929
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这块硬盘是 **/dev/sda**。这个系统上的硬盘都显示为 **ATA** 磁盘，**ATA** 是一种把控制器与盘体集成在一起的磁盘驱动器实现。
|
||||
这块硬盘是 `/dev/sda`。这个系统上的硬盘都显示为 `ATA` 磁盘，`ATA` 是一种把控制器与盘体集成在一起的磁盘驱动器实现。
|
||||
|
||||
要获得“磁盘”类设备的简略列表，可以运行下面这条命令。注意其中有两个设备被列出了两次，所以我们看到的仍然是五个磁盘设备。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ H/W path Device Class Description
|
||||
/0/100/1f.5/0.0.0 /dev/sdb disk 500GB SAMSUNG HE502HJ
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你决定要查看系统上的 _**所有**_ 设备，请坐稳了；你会得到一个包含的东西比你通常认为的“设备”要多得多的列表，下面是一个例子，这是一个“简短（short）”（信息很少）的列表：
|
||||
如果你决定要查看系统上的 **所有** 设备，请坐稳了；你会得到一个包含的东西比你通常认为的“设备”要多得多的列表，下面是一个例子，这是一个“简短（`short`）”（信息很少）的列表：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo lshw -short
|
||||
@ -174,18 +174,18 @@ $ sudo lshw -short | awk ‘{print substr($0,36,13)}’ | tail -n +3 | sort | un
|
||||
2 volume
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：** 上面使用 **awk** 命令从 **lshw** 的输出中选择 Class（类别）栏是这样实现的：使用 $0（选取完整行），但只取从正确位置（第 36 个字符）开始的子串，而因为“类别”中并没有条目的长度超过 13 个字符，所以子串就在那里结束。命令中 **tail -n +3** 的部分移除了标题和下面的“=====”，所以最终的列表中只包含了那 14 种设备类型。
|
||||
**注意：** 上面使用 `awk` 命令从 `lshw` 的输出中选择 Class（类别）栏是这样实现的：使用 `$0`（选取完整行），但只取从正确位置（第 36 个字符）开始的子串，而因为“类别”中并没有条目的长度超过 13 个字符，所以子串就在那里结束。命令中 `tail -n +3` 的部分移除了标题和下面的`=====`，所以最终的列表中只包含了那 14 种设备类型。
|
||||
|
||||
（译注：上面的命令中 awk 的部分在选取子串时是从第 36 个字符开始的，这个数字基本上取决于最长的设备逻辑名称的长度，因而在不同的系统环境中可能有所不同，一个例子是，当你的系统上有 NVMe SSD 时，可能需要将其改为 41。）
|
||||
（LCTT 译注：上面的命令中 `awk` 的部分在选取子串时是从第 36 个字符开始的，这个数字基本上取决于最长的设备逻辑名称的长度，因而在不同的系统环境中可能有所不同，一个例子是，当你的系统上有 NVMe SSD 时，可能需要将其改为 41。）
|
||||
|
||||
你会发现在没有使用 **-short** 选项的时候，每一个磁盘类设备都会有大约 12 行的输出，包括像是 **/dev/sda** 这样的逻辑名称，磁盘大小和种类等等。
|
||||
你会发现在没有使用 `-short` 选项的时候，每一个磁盘类设备都会有大约 12 行的输出，包括像是 `/dev/sda` 这样的逻辑名称，磁盘大小和种类等等。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
[sudo] password for shs:
|
||||
*-disk:0
|
||||
description: SCSI Disk
|
||||
product: Card Reader-1 读卡器？
|
||||
product: Card Reader-1 <== 读卡器？
|
||||
vendor: JIE LI
|
||||
physical id: 0.0.0
|
||||
bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0
|
||||
@ -213,13 +213,13 @@ $ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
product: SSD2SC120G1CS175
|
||||
physical id: 0
|
||||
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
|
||||
logical name: /dev/sda 主要磁盘
|
||||
logical name: /dev/sda <== 主要磁盘
|
||||
version: 1101
|
||||
serial: PNY20150000778410606
|
||||
size: 111GiB (120GB)
|
||||
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
|
||||
configuration: ansiversion=5 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512 signature=f63b5929
|
||||
*-cdrom 也叫 /dev/sr0
|
||||
*-cdrom <== 也叫 /dev/sr0
|
||||
description: DVD writer
|
||||
product: DVD+-RW GSA-H73N
|
||||
vendor: HL-DT-ST
|
||||
@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ $ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
product: SAMSUNG HE502HJ
|
||||
physical id: 0.0.0
|
||||
bus info: scsi@3:0.0.0
|
||||
logical name: /dev/sdb 次要磁盘
|
||||
logical name: /dev/sdb <== 次要磁盘
|
||||
version: 0002
|
||||
serial: S2B6J90B501053
|
||||
size: 465GiB (500GB)
|
||||
@ -249,9 +249,7 @@ $ sudo lshw -C disk
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
**lshw** 命令提供了一些我们许多人通常不会处理的信息，不过即使你只用了其中的一部分，知道有多少信息可用还是很不错的。
|
||||
|
||||
加入 [Facebook][2] 和 [领英][3] 上的 Network World 社区，对最热门的话题发表评论。
|
||||
`lshw` 命令提供了一些我们许多人通常不会处理的信息，不过即使你只用了其中的一部分，知道有多少信息可用还是很不错的。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
@ -260,7 +258,7 @@ via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3583598/how-to-view-information-on-you
|
||||
作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[rakino](https://github.com/rakino)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Drawing is an Open Source MS-Paint Type of App for Linux Desktop)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/drawing-app/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing is an Open Source MS-Paint Type of App for Linux Desktop
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
_**Brief: Drawing is a basic image editor like Microsoft Paint. With this open source application, you can draw arrows, lines, geometrical shapes, add colors and other stuff you expect to do in a regular drawing application.**_
|
||||
|
||||
### Drawing: A simple drawing application for Linux
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
For people introduced to computers with Windows XP (or earlier version), MS Paint was an amusing application from sketching random stuff. In a world dominated with Photoshop and GIMP, the paint applications still hold some relevance.
|
||||
|
||||
There are several [painting applications available for Linux][2], and I am going to add one more to this list.
|
||||
|
||||
The app is unsurprisingly called [Drawing][3] and you can use it on both Linux desktop and Linux smartphones.
|
||||
|
||||
### Features of Drawing app
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing has all the features you expect from a drawing application. You can
|
||||
|
||||
* Create new drawings from scratch
|
||||
* Edit an existing image in PNG, JPEG or BMP file
|
||||
* Add geometrical shapes, lines, arrows etc
|
||||
* Dashed
|
||||
* Use pencil tool for free-hand drawing
|
||||
* Use curve and shape tool
|
||||
* Crop images
|
||||
* Scale images to different pixel size
|
||||
* Add text
|
||||
* Select part of image (rectangle, freehand and color selection)
|
||||
* Rotate images
|
||||
* Add images copied to clipboard
|
||||
* Eraser, Highlighter, Paint, Color Selection, Color Picker tools are available in preferences
|
||||
* Unlimited undo
|
||||
* Filters to add blur, pixelisation, transparency etc
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### My experience with Drawing
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
The application is new and has a decent user interface. It comes with all the basic features you expect to find in a standard paint app.
|
||||
|
||||
It has some additional tools like color selection and color picker but it might be confusing to use them. There is no documentation available to describe the use of these tools to you are on your own here.
|
||||
|
||||
The experience is smooth and I feel that this tool has good potential to replace Shutter as image editing tool (yes, I [use Shutter for editing screenshots][6]).
|
||||
|
||||
The thing that I find most bothersome is that it is not possible to edit/modify an element after adding it. You have the undo and redo options but if you want to modify a text you added 12 steps back, you’ll have to redo all the steps. This is something the developer may look into it in the future releases.
|
||||
|
||||
### Installing Drawing on Linux
|
||||
|
||||
This is a Linux exclusive app. It is also available for Linux-based smartphones like [PinePhone][7].
|
||||
|
||||
There are various ways you can install Drawing app. It is available in the repositories of many major Linux distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Ubuntu-based distributions
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing is included in the universe repository in Ubuntu. Which means you can install it from the Ubuntu Software Center.
|
||||
|
||||
However, if you want the latest version, there is a [PPA available][8] for easily installing Drawing on Ubuntu. Linux Mint and other Ubuntu-based distributions.
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following command:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cartes/drawing
|
||||
sudo apt update
|
||||
sudo apt install drawing
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to remove it, you can use the following commands:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt remove drawing
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:cartes/drawing
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Other Linux distributions
|
||||
|
||||
Check your distribution’s package manager for Drawing and install it from there. If you want the latest version, you may use the Flatpak version of the app.
|
||||
|
||||
[Drawing Flatpak][9]
|
||||
|
||||
**Conclusion**
|
||||
|
||||
Do you still use a paint application? Which one do you use? If you have tried Drawing app already, how is your experience with it?
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/drawing-app/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/drawing-app-interface.jpg?resize=789%2C449&ssl=1
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/open-source-paint-apps/
|
||||
[3]: https://maoschanz.github.io/drawing/
|
||||
[4]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/drawing-screenshot.jpg?resize=800%2C489&ssl=1
|
||||
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/using-drawing-app-linux.png?resize=787%2C473&ssl=1
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/install-shutter-ubuntu/
|
||||
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/pinephone/
|
||||
[8]: https://launchpad.net/~cartes/+archive/ubuntu/drawing
|
||||
[9]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.github.maoschanz.drawing
|
||||
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: ( )
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
|
||||
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
|
||||
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
|
||||
[#]: reviewer: ( )
|
||||
[#]: publisher: ( )
|
||||
[#]: url: ( )
|
||||
[#]: subject: (Drawing is an Open Source MS-Paint Type of App for Linux Desktop)
|
||||
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/drawing-app/)
|
||||
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing 是一款开源的类似微软画图的 Linux 桌面应用
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
_**简介：Drawing 是一个基本的图像编辑器，就像微软画图一样。有了这个开源的应用，你可以画箭头、线条、几何图形、添加颜色和其他你期望在普通绘图应用程序中做的事情。**_
|
||||
|
||||
### Drawing: 一个简单的 Linux 绘图应用
|
||||
|
||||
![][1]
|
||||
|
||||
对于从 Windows XP （或更早版本）开始使用电脑的人来说，微软画图是一个有趣的随机画一些草图的应用。在这个被 Photoshop 和 GIMP 主导的世界里，画图应用仍然具有一定的现实意义。
|
||||
|
||||
有几个[可用于 Linux 的绘画应用][2]，我打算在这个列表中再添加一个。
|
||||
|
||||
这款应用不出意外地叫做 [Drawing][3]，你可以在 Linux 桌面和 Linux 智能手机上使用它。
|
||||
|
||||
### Drawing 应用的功能
|
||||
|
||||
![][4]
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing 拥有你所期待的绘图应用的所有功能。你可以：
|
||||
|
||||
* 从头开始创建新的绘图
|
||||
* 编辑现有的 PNG、JPEG 或 BMP 图像文件。
|
||||
* 添加几何图形、线条、箭头等。
|
||||
* 虚线
|
||||
* 使用铅笔工具进行自由手绘。
|
||||
* 使用曲线和形状工具
|
||||
* 裁剪图像
|
||||
* 缩放图像到不同的像素大小
|
||||
* 添加文本
|
||||
* 选择图像的一部分（矩形、自由选择和颜色选择）。
|
||||
* 旋转图像
|
||||
* 添加复制到剪贴板的图像
|
||||
* 可在偏好中使用橡皮擦、荧光笔、油漆桶、颜色选择、颜色选择器工具
|
||||
* 无限撤销
|
||||
* 滤镜可以增加模糊、像素化、透明度等。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 我使用 Drawing 的经验
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
这个应用是新的，并且有不错的用户界面。它具有你期望在标准绘画应用中找到的所有基本功能。
|
||||
|
||||
它有一些额外的工具，如颜色选择和颜色选择器，但在使用时可能会混淆。没有可用的文档来描述这些工具的使用，要全靠你自己。
|
||||
|
||||
它的体验很流畅，我觉得这个工具很有潜力取代 Shutter 作为图像编辑工具（是的，我[用 Shutter 编辑截图][6]）。
|
||||
|
||||
我觉得最麻烦的是，添加元素后无法编辑/修改。你有撤消和重做选项，但如果你想修改一个你在 12 步前添加的文本，你就必须重做所有的步骤。这一点开发者可能会在未来的版本中进行研究。
|
||||
|
||||
### 在 Linux 上安装 Drawing
|
||||
|
||||
这是一款 Linux 专属应用。它也适用于基于 Linux 的智能手机，如 [PinePhone][7]。
|
||||
|
||||
有多种方式可以安装 Drawing。它在许多主要的 Linux 发行版的仓库中都有。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 基于 Ubuntu 的发行版
|
||||
|
||||
Drawing 包含在 Ubuntu 的 universe 仓库中，这意味着你可以从 Ubuntu 软件中心安装它。
|
||||
|
||||
但是，如果你想要最新的版本，有一个 [PPA][8] 可以轻松地在 Ubuntu、Linux Mint 和其他基于 Ubuntu 的发行版上安装 Drawing。
|
||||
|
||||
使用下面的命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:cartes/drawing
|
||||
sudo apt update
|
||||
sudo apt install drawing
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想删除它，你可以使用以下命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt remove drawing
|
||||
sudo add-apt-repository -r ppa:cartes/drawing
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 其他 Linux 发行版
|
||||
|
||||
检查你的发行版的包管理器中是否有 Drawing，然后在那里安装。如果你想要最新的版本，你可以使用 Flatpak 版本的应用。
|
||||
|
||||
[Drawing Flatpak][9]
|
||||
|
||||
**总结**
|
||||
|
||||
你还在用画图应用么？你用的是哪一款？如果你已经尝试过 Drawing，你的体验如何？
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://itsfoss.com/drawing-app/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
|
||||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||||
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
|
||||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||||
[1]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/drawing-app-interface.jpg?resize=789%2C449&ssl=1
|
||||
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/open-source-paint-apps/
|
||||
[3]: https://maoschanz.github.io/drawing/
|
||||
[4]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/drawing-screenshot.jpg?resize=800%2C489&ssl=1
|
||||
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/using-drawing-app-linux.png?resize=787%2C473&ssl=1
|
||||
[6]: https://itsfoss.com/install-shutter-ubuntu/
|
||||
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/pinephone/
|
||||
[8]: https://launchpad.net/~cartes/+archive/ubuntu/drawing
|
||||
[9]: https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.github.maoschanz.drawing
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user