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sources/tech/20190808 How to manipulate PDFs on Linux.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How to manipulate PDFs on Linux)
[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3430781/how-to-manipulate-pdfs-on-linux.html)
[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
How to manipulate PDFs on Linux
======
The pdftk command provides many options for working with PDFs, including merging pages, encrypting files, applying watermarks, compressing files, and even repairing PDFs -- easily and on the command line.
![Toshiyuki IMAI \(CC BY-SA 2.0\)][1]
While PDFs are generally regarded as fairly stable files, there’s a lot you can do with them on both Linux and other systems. This includes merging, splitting, rotating, breaking into single pages, encrypting and decrypting, applying watermarks, compressing and uncompressing, and even repairing. The **pdftk** command does all this and more.
The name “pdftk” stands for “PDF tool kit,” and the command is surprisingly easy to use and does a good job of manipulating PDFs. For example, to pull separate files into a single PDF file, you would use a command like this:
```
$ pdftk pg1.pdf pg2.pdf pg3.pdf pg4.pdf pg5.pdf cat output OneDoc.pdf
```
That OneDoc.pdf file will contain all five of the documents shown and the command will run in a matter of seconds. Note that the **cat** option directs the files to be joined together and the **output** option specifies the name of the new file.
**[ Two-Minute Linux Tips: [Learn how to master a host of Linux commands in these 2-minute video tutorials][2] ]**
You can also pull select pages from a PDF to create a separate PDF file. For example, if you wanted to create a new PDF with only pages 1, 2, 3, and 5 of the document created above, you could do this:
```
$ pdftk OneDoc.pdf cat 1-3 5 output 4pgs.pdf
```
If, on the other hand, you wanted pages 1, 3, 4, and 5, we might use this syntax instead:
```
$ pdftk OneDoc.pdf cat 1 3-end output 4pgs.pdf
```
You have the option of specifying all individual pages or using page ranges as shown in the examples above.
This next command will create a collated document from one that contains the odd pages (1, 3, etc.) and one that contains the even pages (2, 4, etc.):
```
$ pdftk A=odd.pdf B=even.pdf shuffle A B output collated.pdf
```
Notice that the **shuffle** option make this collation possible and dictates the order in which the documents are used. Note also: While the odd/even pages example might suggest otherwise, you are not restricted to using only two input files.
If you want to create an encrypted PDF that can only be opened by a recipient who knows the password, you could use a command like this one:
```
$ pdftk prep.pdf output report.pdf user_pw AsK4n0thingGeTn0thing
```
The options provide for 40 (**encrypt_40bit**) and 128 (**encrypt_128bit**) bit encryption. The 128 bit encryption is used by default.
You can also break a PDF file into individual pages using the **burst** option:
```
$ pdftk allpgs.pdf burst
$ ls -ltr *.pdf | tail -5
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 22933 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0001.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23773 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0002.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23260 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0003.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23435 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0004.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23136 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0005.pdf
```
The **pdftk** command makes pulling together, tearing apart, rebuilding and encrypting PDF files surprisingly easy. To learn more about its many options, I check out the examples page from [PDF Labs][3].
**[ Also see: [Invaluable tips and tricks for troubleshooting Linux][4] ]**
Join the Network World communities on [Facebook][5] and [LinkedIn][6] to comment on topics that are top of mind.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3430781/how-to-manipulate-pdfs-on-linux.html
作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://images.idgesg.net/images/article/2019/08/book-pages-100807709-large.jpg
[2]: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7D2RMSmRO9J8OTpjFECi8DJiTQdd4hua
[3]: https://www.pdflabs.com/docs/pdftk-cli-examples/
[4]: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3242170/linux/invaluable-tips-and-tricks-for-troubleshooting-linux.html
[5]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
[6]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (How to manipulate PDFs on Linux)
[#]: via: (https://www.networkworld.com/article/3430781/how-to-manipulate-pdfs-on-linux.html)
[#]: author: (Sandra Henry-Stocker https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/)
如何在 Linux 上操作 PDF
======
pdftk 命令提供了许多命令行处理 PDF 的操作，包括合并页面、加密文件、添加水印、压缩文件，甚至还有修复 PDF 。
![Toshiyuki IMAI \(CC BY-SA 2.0\)][1]
虽然 PDF 通常被认为是相当稳定的文件，但在 Linux 和其他系统上你可以做很多处理。包括合并、拆分、旋转、拆分单页、加密和解密、添加水印、压缩和解压缩，甚至还有修复。 **pdftk** 命令能执行所有甚至更多操作。
“pdftk” 代表 “PDF 工具包”（PDF tool kit），这个命令非常易于使用，并且可以很好地操作 PDF。例如，要将独立的文件合并成一个文件，你可以使用以下命令：
```
$ pdftk pg1.pdf pg2.pdf pg3.pdf pg4.pdf pg5.pdf cat output OneDoc.pdf
```
OneDoc.pdf 将包含上面显示的所有五个文档，命令将在几秒钟内运行完毕。请注意，**cat** 选项表示将文件连接在一起，**output** 选项指定新文件的名称。
你还可以从 PDF 中提取选定页面来创建单独的 PDF 文件。例如，如果要创建仅包含上面创建的文档的第 1、2、3 和 5 页的新 PDF，那么可以执行以下操作：
```
$ pdftk OneDoc.pdf cat 1-3 5 output 4pgs.pdf
```
另外，如果你想要第 1、3、4 和 5 页，我们可以使用以下命令：
```
$ pdftk OneDoc.pdf cat 1 3-end output 4pgs.pdf
```
你可以选择单独页面或者页面范围，如上例所示。
下一个命令将创建一个包含奇数页（1、3等）和一个包含偶数页（2、4等）的整合文档：
```
$ pdftk A=odd.pdf B=even.pdf shuffle A B output collated.pdf
```
请注意，**shuffle** 选项使得能够完成整合，并指示文档的使用顺序。另请注意：虽然上面建议用的是奇数/偶数页，但你不限于仅使用两个文件。
如果要创建只能由知道密码的收件人打开的加密 PDF，可以使用如下命令：
```
$ pdftk prep.pdf output report.pdf user_pw AsK4n0thingGeTn0thing
```
选项提供 40（**encrypt_40bit**）和 128（**encrypt_128bit**）位加密。默认情况下使用 128 位加密。
你还可以使用 **burst** 选项将 PDF 文件分成单个页面：
```
$ pdftk allpgs.pdf burst
$ ls -ltr *.pdf | tail -5
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 22933 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0001.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23773 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0002.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23260 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0003.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23435 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0004.pdf
-rw-rw-r-- 1 shs shs 23136 Aug 8 08:18 pg_0005.pdf
```
**pdftk** 命令使得合并、拆分、重建、加密 PDF 文件非常容易。要了解更多选项，请查看 [PDF 实验室][3]中的示例页面
在 [Facebook][5] 和 [LinkedIn][6] 上加入 Network World 社区，发表你对热门主题的评论。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3430781/how-to-manipulate-pdfs-on-linux.html
作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://www.networkworld.com/author/Sandra-Henry_Stocker/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://images.idgesg.net/images/article/2019/08/book-pages-100807709-large.jpg
[3]: https://www.pdflabs.com/docs/pdftk-cli-examples/
[5]: https://www.facebook.com/NetworkWorld/
[6]: https://www.linkedin.com/company/network-world