diff --git a/sources/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md b/sources/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md deleted file mode 100644 index b6682956fa..0000000000 --- a/sources/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,206 +0,0 @@ -[#]: subject: (How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora) -[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-poetry-to-manage-your-python-projects-on-fedora/) -[#]: author: (Kader Miyanyedi https://fedoramagazine.org/author/moonkat/) -[#]: collector: (lujun9972) -[#]: translator: (geekpi) -[#]: reviewer: ( ) -[#]: publisher: ( ) -[#]: url: ( ) - -How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora -====== - -![Python & Poetry on Fedora][1] - -Python developers often create a new virtual environment to separate project dependencies and then manage them with tools such as _pip, pipenv, etc._ Poetry is a tool for simplifying dependency management and packaging in Python. This post will show you how to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora. - -Unlike other tools, Poetry uses only a single configuration file for dependency management, packaging, and publishing. This eliminates the need for different files such as _Pipfile, MANIFEST.in, setup.py_, etc. It is also faster than **using multiple tools. - -Detailed below is a brief overview of commands used when getting started with Poetry. - -### **Installing Poetry on Fedora** - -If you already use Fedora 32 or above, you can install Poetry directly from the command line using this command: - -``` -$ sudo dnf install poetry -``` - -``` -Editor note: on Fedora Silverblue or CoreOs Python 3.9.2 is part of the core commit, you would layer Poetry with ' -``` - -rpm-ostree install poetry - -``` -' -``` - -### Initialize a project - -Create a new project using the _new_ command. - -``` -$ poetry new poetry-project -``` - -The structure of a project created with Poetry looks like this: - -``` -├── poetry_project -│ └── init.py -├── pyproject.toml -├── README.rst -└── tests - ├── init.py - └── test_poetry_project.py -``` - -Poetry uses _pyproject.toml_ to manage the dependencies of your project. Initially, this file will look similar to this: - -``` -[tool.poetry] -name = "poetry-project" -version = "0.1.0" -description = "" -authors = ["Kadermiyanyedi "] - -[tool.poetry.dependencies] -python = "^3.9" - -[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies] -pytest = "^5.2" - -[build-system] -requires = ["poetry>=0.12"] -build-backend = "poetry.masonry.api" -``` - -This file contains 4 sections: - - * The first section contains information describing the project such as project name, project version, etc. - * The second section contains project dependencies. These dependencies are necessary to build the project. - * The third section contains development dependencies. - * The fourth section describes a building system as in [PEP 517][2] - - - -If you already have a project, or create your own project folder, and you want to use poetry, run the _init_ command within your project. - -``` -$ poetry init -``` - -After this command, you will see an interactive shell to configure your project. - -### Create a virtual environment - -If you want to create a virtual environment or activate an existing virtual environment, use the command below: - -``` -$ poetry shell -``` - -Poetry creates the virtual environment in the _/home/username/.cache/pypoetry_ project by default. You can change the default path by editing the poetry config. Use the command below to see the config list: - -``` -$ poetry config --list - -cache-dir = "/home/username/.cache/pypoetry" -virtualenvs.create = true -virtualenvs.in-project = true -virtualenvs.path = "{cache-dir}/virtualenvs" -``` - -Change the _virtualenvs.in-project_ configuration variable to create a virtual environment within your project directory. The Poetry command is: - -``` -$ poetry config virtualenv.in-project true -``` - -### Add dependencies - -Install a dependency for the project with the _poetry add_ command. - -``` -$ poetry add django -``` - -You can identify any dependencies that you use only for the development environment using the _add_ command with the _–dev_ option. - -``` -$ poetry add black --dev -``` - -The **add** command creates a _poetry.lock file_ that is used to track package versions. If the _poetry.lock_ file doesn’t exist, the latest versions of all dependencies in _pyproject.toml_ are installed. If _poetry.lock_ does exist, Poetry uses the exact versions listed in the file to ensure that the package versions are consistent for everyone working on your project. - -Use the poetry _install_ command to install all dependencies in your current project. - -``` -$ poetry install -``` - -Prevent development dependencies from being installed by using the _no-dev_ option. - -``` -$ poetry install --no-dev -``` - -### List packages - -The _show_ command lists all of the available packages. The _tree_ option will list packages as a tree. - -``` -$ poetry show --tree - -django 3.1.7 A high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. -├── asgiref >=3.2.10,<4 -├── pytz * -└── sqlparse >=0.2.2 -``` - -Include the package name to list details of a specific package. - -``` -$ poetry show requests - -name : requests -version : 2.25.1 -description : Python HTTP for Humans. - -dependencies - - certifi >=2017.4.17 - - chardet >=3.0.2,<5 - - idna >=2.5,<3 - - urllib3 >=1.21.1,<1.27 -``` - -Finally, if you want to learn the latest version of the packages, you can pass the _latest_ option. - -``` -$ poetry show --latest - -idna 2.10 3.1 Internationalized Domain Names in Applications -asgiref 3.3.1 3.3.1 ASGI specs, helper code, and adapters -``` - -### Further information - -More details on Poetry are available in the [documentation][3]. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -via: https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-poetry-to-manage-your-python-projects-on-fedora/ - -作者：[Kader Miyanyedi][a] -选题：[lujun9972][b] -译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) -校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) - -本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 - -[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/moonkat/ -[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 -[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Poetry_Python-816x345.jpg -[2]: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0517/ -[3]: https://python-poetry.org/docs/ diff --git a/translated/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md b/translated/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..31c623daee --- /dev/null +++ b/translated/tech/20210308 How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora.md @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ +[#]: subject: (How to use Poetry to manage your Python projects on Fedora) +[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-poetry-to-manage-your-python-projects-on-fedora/) +[#]: author: (Kader Miyanyedi https://fedoramagazine.org/author/moonkat/) +[#]: collector: (lujun9972) +[#]: translator: (geekpi) +[#]: reviewer: ( ) +[#]: publisher: ( ) +[#]: url: ( ) + +如何在 Fedora 上使用 Poetry 来管理你的 Python 项目？ +====== + +![Python & Poetry on Fedora][1] + +Python 开发人员经常创建一个新的虚拟环境来分离项目依赖，然后用 _pip、pipenv_ 等工具来管理它们。Poetry 是一个简化 Python 中依赖管理和打包的工具。这篇文章将向你展示如何在 Fedora 上使用 Poetry 来管理你的 Python 项目。 + +与其他工具不同，Poetry 只使用一个配置文件来进行依赖管理、打包和发布。这消除了对不同文件的需求，如 _Pipfile、MANIFEST.in、setup.py_ 等。这也比使用多个工具更快。 + +下面详细介绍一下开始使用 Poetry 时使用的命令。 + +### **在 Fedora 上安装 Poetry** + +如果你已经使用 Fedora 32 或以上版本，你可以使用这个命令直接从命令行安装 Poetry： + +``` +$ sudo dnf install poetry +``` + +``` +编者注：在 Fedora Silverblue 或 CoreOs上，Python 3.9.2 是核心提交的一部分，你可以用下面的命令安装 Poetry： +``` + +rpm-ostree install poetry + + +### 初始化一个项目 + +使用 _new_ 命令创建一个新项目。 + +``` +$ poetry new poetry-project +``` + +The structure of a project created with Poetry looks like this: +用 Poetry 创建的项目结构是这样的： + +``` +├── poetry_project +│ └── init.py +├── pyproject.toml +├── README.rst +└── tests + ├── init.py + └── test_poetry_project.py +``` + +Poetry 使用 _pyproject.toml_ 来管理项目的依赖。最初，这个文件看起来类似于这样： + +``` +[tool.poetry] +name = "poetry-project" +version = "0.1.0" +description = "" +authors = ["Kadermiyanyedi "] + +[tool.poetry.dependencies] +python = "^3.9" + +[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies] +pytest = "^5.2" + +[build-system] +requires = ["poetry>=0.12"] +build-backend = "poetry.masonry.api" +``` + +这个文件包含 4 个部分： + + * 第一部分包含描述项目的信息，如项目名称、项目版本等。 + * 第二部分包含项目的依赖。这些依赖是构建项目所必需的。 + * 第三部分包含开发依赖。 + * 第四部分描述的是符合 [PEP 517][2] 的构建系统。 + + + + +如果你已经有一个项目，或者创建了自己的项目文件夹，并且你想使用 Poetry，请在你的项目中运行 _init_ 命令。 + +``` +$ poetry init +``` + +在这个命令之后，你会看到一个交互式的 shell 来配置你的项目。 + +### 创建一个虚拟环境 + +如果你想创建一个虚拟环境或激活一个现有的虚拟环境，请使用以下命令： + +``` +$ poetry shell +``` + +Poetry 默认在 _/home/username/.cache/pypoetry_ 项目中创建虚拟环境。你可以通过编辑 poetry 配置来更改默认路径。使用下面的命令查看配置列表： + +``` +$ poetry config --list + +cache-dir = "/home/username/.cache/pypoetry" +virtualenvs.create = true +virtualenvs.in-project = true +virtualenvs.path = "{cache-dir}/virtualenvs" +``` + +修改 _virtualenvs.in-project_ 配置变量，在项目目录下创建一个虚拟环境。Poetry 命令是： + +``` +$ poetry config virtualenv.in-project true +``` + +### 添加依赖 + +使用 _poetry add_ 命令为项目安装一个依赖。 + +``` +$ poetry add django +``` + +你可以使用带有 _-dev_ 选项的 _add_ 命令来识别任何只用于开发环境的依赖。 + +``` +$ poetry add black --dev +``` + +**add** 命令会创建一个 _poetry.lock_ 文件，用来跟踪软件包的版本。如果 _poetry.lock_ 文件不存在，那么会安装 _pyproject.toml_ 中所有依赖项的最新版本。如果 _poetry.lock_ 存在，Poetry 会使用文件中列出的确切版本，以确保每个使用这个项目的人的软件包版本是一致的。 + +使用 poetry _install_ 命令来安装当前项目中的所有依赖。 + +``` +$ poetry install +``` + +通过使用 _no-dev_ 选项防止安装开发依赖。 + +``` +$ poetry install --no-dev +``` + +### 列出软件包 + +_show_ 命令会列出所有可用的软件包。_tree_ 选项将以树状列出软件包。 + +``` +$ poetry show --tree + +django 3.1.7 A high-level Python Web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. +├── asgiref >=3.2.10,<4 +├── pytz * +└── sqlparse >=0.2.2 +``` + +包含软件包名称，以列出特定软件包的详细信息。 + +``` +$ poetry show requests + +name : requests +version : 2.25.1 +description : Python HTTP for Humans. + +dependencies + - certifi >=2017.4.17 + - chardet >=3.0.2,<5 + - idna >=2.5,<3 + - urllib3 >=1.21.1,<1.27 +``` + +最后，如果你想知道软件包的最新版本，你可以通过 _latest_ 选项。 + +``` +$ poetry show --latest + +idna 2.10 3.1 Internationalized Domain Names in Applications +asgiref 3.3.1 3.3.1 ASGI specs, helper code, and adapters +``` + +### 更多信息 + +Poetry 的更多详情可在[文档][3]中获取。 + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +via: https://fedoramagazine.org/how-to-use-poetry-to-manage-your-python-projects-on-fedora/ + +作者：[Kader Miyanyedi][a] +选题：[lujun9972][b] +译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) +校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) + +本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 + +[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/moonkat/ +[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 +[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Poetry_Python-816x345.jpg +[2]: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0517/ +[3]: https://python-poetry.org/docs/