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Linux FAQs with Answers--How to check CPU info on Linux
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================================================================================
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> **Question**: I would like to know detailed information about the CPU processor of my computer. What are the available methods to check CPU information on Linux?
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Depending on your need, there are various pieces of information you may need to know about the CPU processor(s) of your computer, such as CPU vendor name, model name, clock speed, number of sockets/cores, L1/L2/L3 cache configuration, available processor capabilities (e.g., hardware virtualization, AES, MMX, SSE), and so on. In Linux, there are many command line or GUI-based tools that are used to show detailed information about your CPU hardware.
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### 1. /proc/cpuinfo ###
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The simpliest method is to check /proc/cpuinfo. This virtual file shows the configuration of available CPU hardware.
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$ more /proc/cpuinfo
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By inspecting this file, you can [identify][1] the number of physical processors, the number of cores per CPU, available CPU flags, and a number of other things.
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### 2. cpufreq-info ###
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The cpufreq-info command (which is part of **cpufrequtils** package) collects and reports CPU frequency information from the kernel/hardware. The command shows the hardware frequency that the CPU currently runs at, as well as the minimum/maximum CPU frequency allowed, CPUfreq policy/statistics, and so on. To check up on CPU #0:
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$ cpufreq-info -c 0
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### 3. cpuid ###
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The cpuid command-line utility is a dedicated CPU information tool that displays verbose information about CPU hardware by using [CPUID functions][2]. Reported information includes processor type/family, CPU extensions, cache/TLB configuration, power management features, etc.
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$ cpuid
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### 4. dmidecode ###
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The dmidecode command collects detailed information about system hardware directly from DMI data of the BIOS. Reported CPU information includes CPU vendor, version, CPU flags, maximum/current clock speed, (enabled) core count, L1/L2/L3 cache configuration, and so on.
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$ sudo dmidecode
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### 5. hardinfo ###
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The hardinfo is a GUI-based system information tool which can give you an easy-to-understand summary of your CPU hardware, as well as other hardware components of your system.
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$ hardinfo
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### 6. i7z ###
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i7z is a real-time CPU reporting tool dedicated to Intel Core i3, i5 and i7 CPUs. It can display various per-core information in real time, such as Turbo Boost states, CPU frequencies, CPU power states, temperature measurements, and so on. i7z runs in either ncurses-based console mode or QT based GUI.
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$ sudo i7z
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### 8. likwid-topology ###
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[likwid][3] (Like I Knew What I'm Doing) is a collection of command-line tools to measure, configure and display hardware related properties. Among them is likwid-topology which shows CPU hardware (thread/cache/NUMA) topology information. It can also identify processor families (e.g., Intel Core 2, AMD Shanghai).
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### 9. lscpu ###
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The lscpu command summarizes /etc/cpuinfo content in a more user-friendly format, e.g., the number of (online/offline) CPUs, cores, sockets, NUMA nodes.
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$ lscpu
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### 10. lshw ###
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The **lshw** command is a comprehensive hardware query tool. Unlike other tools, lshw requires root privilege because it query DMI information in system BIOS. It can report the total number of cores and enabled cores, but miss out on information such as L1/L2/L3 cache configuration. The GTK version lshw-gtk is also available.
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$ sudo lshw -class processor
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### 11. lstopo ###
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The lstopo command (contained in [hwloc][4] package) visualizes the topology of the system which is composed of CPUs, cache, memory and I/O devices. This command is useful to identify the processor architecture and NUMA topology of the system.
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$ lstopo
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### 12. numactl ###
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Originally developed to set the NUMA scheduling and memeory placement policy of Linux processes, the numactl command can also show information about NUMA topology of the CPU hardware from the command line.
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$ numactl --hardware
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### 13. x86info ###
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x86info is a command-line tool for showing x86-based CPU information. Reported information includes CPU model, number of threads/cores, clock speed, TLB cache configuration, supported feature flags, etc.
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$ x86info --all
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/check-cpu-info-linux.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/how-to-find-number-of-cpu-cores-on.html
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[2]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID
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[3]:http://xmodulo.com/identify-cpu-processor-architecture-linux.html
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[4]:http://xmodulo.com/identify-cpu-processor-architecture-linux.html
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Linux有问必答时间--如何查看Linux系统的CPU信息
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================================================================================
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> **问题**: 我想要了解我的电脑关于CPU处理器的详细信息，查看CPU信息比较有效地方法是什么？
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根据你的需要，有各种各样的关于你的CPU处理器信息你需要了解，比如CPU供应商名、模型名、时钟频率、套接字/内核的数量, L1/L2/L3缓存配置、可用的处理器能力(比如：硬件虚拟化、AES, MMX, SSE)等等。在Linux中，有许多命令行或基于GUI的工具就能来展示你的CPU硬件的相关具体信息。
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### 1. /proc/cpuinfo ###
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最简单的方法就是查看 /proc/cpuinfo ，这个虚拟文件展示的是可用CPU硬件的配置。
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$ more /proc/cpuinfo
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通过查看这个文件，你能[识别出][1]物理处理器数、每个CPU核心数、可用的CPU标志寄存器以及其它东西的数量。
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### 2. cpufreq-info ###
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cpufreq-info命令(**cpufrequtils**包的一部分)从内核/硬件中收集并报告CPU频率信息。这条命令展示了CPU当前运行的硬件频率，包括CPU所允许的最小/最大频率、CPUfreq策略/统计数据等等。来看下CPU #0上的信息：
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$ cpufreq-info -c 0
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### 3. cpuid ###
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cpuid命令的功能就相当于一个专用的CPU信息工具，它能通过使用[CPUID功能][2]来显示详细的关于CPU硬件的信息。信息报告包括处理器类型/家族、CPU扩展指令集、缓存/TLB（译者注：传输后备缓冲器）配置、电源管理功能等等。
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$ cpuid
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### 4. dmidecode ###
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dmidecode命令直接从BIOS的DMI（译者注：桌面管理接口）数据收集关于系统硬件的具体信息。CPU信息报告包括CPU供应商、版本、CPU标志寄存器、最大/最近的时钟速度、(所允许的)核心总数、L1/L2/L3缓存配置等等。
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$ sudo dmidecode
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### 5. hardinfo ###
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hardinfo是一个基于GUI的系统信息工具，它能展示给你一个易于理解的CPU硬件信息的概况，也包括你的系统其它的一些硬件组成部分。
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$ hardinfo
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### 6. i7z ###
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i7z是一个专供英特尔酷睿i3、i5和i7 CPU的实时CPU报告工具。它能实时显示每个核心的各类信息，比如睿频加速状态、CPU频率、CPU电源状态、温度检测等等。i7z运行在基于ncurses的控制台模式或基于QT的GUI的其中之一上。
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$ sudo i7z
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### 8. likwid-topology ###
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[likwid][3] (Like I Knew What I'm Doing) 是一个用来测量、配置并显示硬件相关特性的命令行收集工具。其中的likwid拓扑结构能显示CPU硬件(线程/缓存/NUMA)的拓扑结构信息，还能识别处理器家族(比如：Intel Core 2, AMD Shanghai)。
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### 9. lscpu ###
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lscpu命令用一个更加用户友好的格式统计了 /etc/cpuinfo 的内容，比如CPU、核心、套接字、NUMA节点的数量（线上/线下）。
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$ lscpu
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### 10. lshw ###
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**lshw**命令是一个综合性硬件查询工具。不同于其它工具，lshw需要root特权才能运行因为它是在BIOS系统里查询DMI（译者注：桌面管理接口）信息。它能报告总核心数和可用核心数，但是会遗漏掉一些信息比如L1/L2/L3缓存配置。GTK版本的lshw-gtk也是可用的。
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$ sudo lshw -class processor
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### 11. lstopo ###
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lstopo命令 (包括 [hwloc][4] 包) 使由CPU、缓存、内存和I/O设备组成的拓扑结构可见。这个命令用来识别处理器结构和系统的NUMA拓扑结构。
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$ lstopo
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### 12. numactl ###
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其被开发的起初是为了设置NUMA的时序安排和Linux处理器的内存布局策略，numactl命令也能通过命令行来展示关于CPU硬件的NUMA拓扑结构信息。
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$ numactl --hardware
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### 13. x86info ###
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x86info是一个为了展示基于x86架构的CPU信息的命令行工具。信息报告包括CPU型号、线程/核心数、时钟速度、TLB（译者注：传输后备缓冲器）缓存配置、支持的特征标志寄存器等等。
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$ x86info --all
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/check-cpu-info-linux.html
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译者：[ZTinoZ](https://github.com/ZTinoZ)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/how-to-find-number-of-cpu-cores-on.html
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[2]:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID
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[3]:http://xmodulo.com/identify-cpu-processor-architecture-linux.html
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[4]:http://xmodulo.com/identify-cpu-processor-architecture-linux.html
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