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【完成翻译】Don-t Install Yaourt-
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[Moelf](https://github.com/moelf/) Translating
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Don’t Install Yaourt! Use These Alternatives for AUR in Arch Linux
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======
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**Brief: Yaourt had been the most popular AUR helper, but it is not being developed anymore. In this article, we list out some of the best alternatives to Yaourt for Arch based Linux distributions. **
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[Arch User Repository][1] popularly known as AUR is the community-driven software repository for Arch users. Debian/Ubuntu users can think of AUR as the equivalent of PPA.
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It contains the packages that are not directly endorsed by [Arch Linux][2]. If someone develops a software or package for Arch Linux, it can be provided through this community repositories. This enables the end-user to access more software than what they get by default.
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So, how do you use AUR then? Well, you need a different tool to install software from AUR. Arch’s package manager [pacman][3] doesn’t support it directly. These ‘special tools’ are called [AUR helpers][4].
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Yaourt (Yet AnOther User Repository Tool) is/was a wrapper for pacman that helps to install AUR packages on Arch Linux. It uses the same syntax as pacman. Yaourt has great support for Arch User Repository for searching, installing, conflict resolution and dependency maintenance.
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However, Yaourt development has been slow lately and is [listed][5] as “Discontinued or problematic” on Arch Wiki. [Many Arch User believe it’s not secure][6] and hence go towards a different AUR helper.
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![AUR Helpers other than Yaourt][7]
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In this article, we will see the best Yaourt alternatives that you can use for installing software from AUR.
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### Best AUR helpers to use AUR
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I am deliberating omitting some of the other popular AUR helpers like trizen or packer because they too have been flagged as ‘discontinued or problematic’.
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#### 1\. aurman
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[aurman][8] is one of the best AUR helpers and serves pretty well as an alternative to Yaourt. It has almost similar syntax to pacman with support for all pacman operations. You can search the AUR, resolve dependencies, check PKGBUILD content before a package build etc.
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##### Features of aurman
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* aurman supports all pacman operations and incorporates reliable dependency resolving, conflict detection and split package support.
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* Threaded sudo loop runs in the background saving you from entering your password each time.
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* Provides development package support and distincts between explictily and inlicitly installed packages.
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* Support for searching of AUR packages and repositories.
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* You can see and edit the PKGBUILDs before starting AUR package build.
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* It can also be used as a standalone [dependency solver][9].
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##### Installing aurman
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aurman.git
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cd aurman
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### Using aurman
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Searching for an application through aurman in Arch User Repository is done in the following manner:
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```
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aurman -Ss <package-name>
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```
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Installing an application using aurman:
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```
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aurman -S <package-name>
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```
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#### 2\. yay
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[yay][10] is the next best AUR helper written in Go with the objective of providing an interface of pacman with minimal user input, yaourt like search and with almost no dependencies.
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##### Features of yay
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* yay provides AUR table completion and download the PKGBUILD from ABS or AUR.
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* Supports search narrowing and no sourcing of PKGBUILD.
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* The binary has no additional dependencies than pacman.
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* Provides advanced dependency solver and remove make dependencies at the end of the build process.
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* Supports colored output when you enable Color option in the /etc/pacman.conf file.
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* It can be made to support only AUR package or only repo packages.
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##### Installing yay
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You can install yay by cloning the git repo and building it. Use the below command to install yay in Arch Linux :
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
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cd yay
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### Using yay
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Searching an application through Yay in AUR:
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```
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yay -Ss <package-name>
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```
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Installing an application:
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```
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yay -S <package-name>
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```
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#### 3\. pakku
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[Pakku][11] is another pacman wrapper which is still in its initial stage. However, just because its new doesn’t mean its lacking any of the features supported by other AUR helper. It does its job pretty nice and along with searching and installing applications from AUR, it removes dependencies after a build.
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##### Features of pakku
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* Searching and installing packages from Arch User Repository.
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* Viewing files and changes between builds.
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* Building packages from official repositories and removing make dependencies after a build.
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* PKGBUILD retrieving and Pacman integration.
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* Pacman-like user interface and pacman options supports.
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* Pacman configuration supports and no PKGBUILD sourcing.
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##### Installing pakku
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/pakku.git
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cd pakku
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### Using pakku
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You can search an application from AUR using below command.:
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```
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pakku -Ss spotify
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```
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And then the package can be installed similar to pacman:
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```
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pakku -S spotify
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```
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#### 4\. aurutils
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[aurutils][12] is basically a collection of scripts that automates the usage of Arch User Repository. It can search AUR, check updates for different applications installed and settle up dependencies issues.
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##### Features of aurutils
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* aurutils uses a local repository which gives it a benefit of pacman file support, and all packages works with –asdeps.
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* There can be multiple repos for different tasks.
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* Update local repository in one go with aursync -u
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* pkgbase, long format and raw support for aursearch
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* Ability to ignore package
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##### Installing aurutils
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aurutils.git
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cd aurutils
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### Using aurutils
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Searching an application via aurutils:
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```
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aurutils -Ss <package-name>
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```
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Installing a package from AUR:
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```
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aurutils -S <package-name>
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```
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All of these packages can directly be installed if you are already using Yaourt or any other AUR helper.
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#### Final Words on AUR helpers
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Arch Linux has some [more AUR helper][4] that can automate certain tasks for the Arch User Repository. Many users are still using Yaourt for their AUR-work and
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The choice differs for each user and we would like to know which one you use for your Arch Linux. Let us know in the comments.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/best-aur-helpers/
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作者：[Ambarish Kumar][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/ambarish/
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[1]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository
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[2]:https://www.archlinux.org/
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[3]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/pacman
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[4]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR_helpers
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[5]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR_helpers#Comparison_table
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[6]:https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/4azqyb/whats_so_bad_with_yaourt/
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[7]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/no-yaourt-arch-800x450.jpeg
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[8]:https://github.com/polygamma/aurman
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[9]:https://github.com/polygamma/aurman/wiki/Using-aurman-as-dependency-solver
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[10]:https://github.com/Jguer/yay
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[11]:https://github.com/kitsunyan/pakku
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[12]:https://github.com/AladW/aurutils
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@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
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不要安装 Yaourt！在 Arch 上使用以下这些替代品。
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======
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**前略：Yaourt 曾是最流行的 AUR 助手，但现已停止开发。在这篇文章中，我们会为 Arch 衍生发行版们列出 Yaourt 最佳的替代品。**
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[Arch User Repository][1] 或者叫 AUR，是一个为 Arch 用户而生的社区驱动软件仓库。Debian/Ubuntu 用户的对应类比是 PPA。
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AUR 包含了不直接被 [Arch Linux][2] 官方所背书的软件。如果有人想在 Arch 上发布软件或者包，他可以通过 AUR 提供给客户。这让末端用户们可以使用到比默认仓库里更多的软件。
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所以你该如何使用 AUR 呢？简单来说，你需要不同的工具以从 AUR 中安装软件。Arch 的包管理器 [pacman][3] 不直接支持 AUR。那些支持 AUR 的特殊工具我们称之为 [AUR Helpers][4]。
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Yaourt (Yet AnOther User Repository Tool) 曾是一个以便于用户从 AUR 下载软件的， pacman 的再包装。他基本上使用和 pacman 一样的语法。Yaourt 对于 AUR 的搜索，安装，乃至冲突解决和包依赖都有着良好的支持。
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然而，Yaourt 的开发进度近来十分缓慢，甚至在 Arch Wiki 上已经被[列为][5]“停止或有问题”。[许多 Arch 用户认为它不安全][6] 进而开始寻找其他的 AUR 助手。
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![Yaourt 以外的 AUR Helpers][7]
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在这篇文章中，我们会介绍 Yaourt 最佳的替代品以便于你从 AUR 下载安装案件。
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### AUR Helper 最好的选择
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我刻意忽略掉了例如 Trizen 和 Packer 这样的选择，因为他们也被列为“停止或有问题”的了。
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#### 1\. aurman
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[aurman][8] 是最好的 AUR 助手之一，也能胜任 Yaourt 替代品。他对所有 pacman 的操作有着一样的语法。你可以搜索 AUR，解决包依赖，安装前检查 PKGBUILD 的内容等等。
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##### aurman 的特性
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* aurman 支持所有 pacman 操作并且引入了可靠的包依赖解决，冲突判定和分包（split package）支持
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* 分线程的 sudo 循环会在后来运行所以你每次安装只需要输入一次管理员密码
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* 提供开发者包支持并且可以区分显性安装和隐性安装的包
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* 支持搜索AUR
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* 你可以检视并编辑 PKGBUILD 的内容
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* 可以用作单独的 [包依赖解决][9]
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##### 安装 aurman
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aurman.git
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cd aurman
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### 使用 aurman
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用名字搜索：
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```
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aurman -Ss <package-name>
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```
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安装：
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```
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aurman -S <package-name>
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```
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#### 2\. yay
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[yay][10] 是我们列表上下一个选项。它使用 Go 语言写成，宗旨是提供 pacman 的界面并且让用户输入最少化，yay 自己几乎没有任何依赖软件。
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##### yay 的特性
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* yay 提供 AUR 表格补全并且从 ABS 或 AUR 下载 PKGBUILD
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* 支持收窄搜索，并且不需要引用 PKGBUILD 源
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* yay 的二进制文件除了 pacman 以外别无依赖
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* 提供先进的包依赖解决以及在编译安装之后移除编译时的依赖
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* 支持日色彩输出，使用 /etc/pacman.conf 文件配置
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* yay 可被配置成只支持 AUR 或者 repo 里的软件包
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##### 安装 yay
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你可以从 git 克隆并编译安装
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
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cd yay
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### 使用 yay
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搜索：
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```
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yay -Ss <package-name>
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```
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安装：
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```
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yay -S <package-name>
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```
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#### 3\. pakku
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[Pakku][11] 是另一个还在开发早期的 pacman 再包装，虽然它还处于开放早期，但这部说明它逊于其他任何 AUR 助手。Pakku 能良好地支持搜索和安安装，并且也可以在安装后移除不必要的编译依赖。
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##### pakku 的特性
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* 从 AUR 搜索安装软件
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* 检视不同 build 之间的文件变化
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* 从官方仓库编译并事后移除编译依赖
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* 获取 PKGBUILD 以及 pacman 整合
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* 类 pacman 的用户界面和选项支持
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* 支持pacman 配置文件以及无需 PKGBUILD soucing
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##### 安装 pakku
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/pakku.git
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cd pakku
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### 使用 pakku
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搜索：
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```
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pakku -Ss spotify
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```
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安装：
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```
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pakku -S spotify
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```
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#### 4\. aurutils
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[aurutils][12] 本质上是一堆自动化脚本的集合。他可以搜索 AUR，检查更新，并且解决包依赖。
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##### aurutils 的特性
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* 不同的任务可以有多个仓库
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* aursync -u 一键同步所有本地代码库
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* aursearch 搜索提供 pkgbase，long format 和 raw 支持
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* 能忽略指定包
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##### 安装 aurutils
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```
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git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aurutils.git
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cd aurutils
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makepkg -si
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```
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##### 使用 aurutils
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搜索：
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```
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aurutils -Ss <package-name>
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```
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安装：
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```
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aurutils -S <package-name>
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```
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所有这些包，在有 Yaourt 或者其他 AUR 助手的情况下都可以直接安装。
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#### 写在最后
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Arch Linux 有着[很多 AUR 助手][4] 可以自动完成 AUR 各方面的日常任务。很多用户依然使用 Yaourt 来完成 AUR 相关任务，每个人都有自己不一样的偏好，欢迎留言告诉我们你在 Arch 里使用什么，又有什么心得？
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/best-aur-helpers/
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作者：[Ambarish Kumar][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[Moelf](https://github.com/Moelf)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/ambarish/
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[1]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository
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[2]:https://www.archlinux.org/
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[3]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/pacman
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[4]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR_helpers
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[5]:https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR_helpers#Comparison_table
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[6]:https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/4azqyb/whats_so_bad_with_yaourt/
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[7]:https://4bds6hergc-flywheel.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/no-yaourt-arch-800x450.jpeg
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[8]:https://github.com/polygamma/aurman
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[9]:https://github.com/polygamma/aurman/wiki/Using-aurman-as-dependency-solver
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[10]:https://github.com/Jguer/yay
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[11]:https://github.com/kitsunyan/pakku
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[12]:https://github.com/AladW/aurutils
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