Merge pull request #1721 from luoyutiantang/master

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sources/tech/20140925 Linux FAQs with Answers--How to build a RPM or DEB package from the source with CheckInstall.md

@@ -1,72 +1,74 @@
-Linux FAQs with Answers--How to build a RPM or DEB package from the source with CheckInstall
+Linux 常见问题解答 --怎么用checkinstall从源码创建一个RPM或DEB包
 ================================================================================
-> **Question**: I would like to install a software program by building it from the source. Is there a way to build and install a package from the source, instead of running "make install"? That way, I could uninstall the program easily later if I want to. 
+> **问题**:我想要从源码创建安装的软件程序。有没有一种方式来创建并且从源码安装包,而不是运行“make install”？那样，以后如果我想，我可以容易的卸载程序。
 
-If you have installed a Linux program from its source by running "make install", it becomes really tricky to remove it completely, unless the author of the program provides an uninstall target in the Makefile. You will have to compare the complete list of files in your system before and after installing the program from source, and manually remove all the files that were added during the installation.
+如果你已经从从它的源码运行“make install”安装了linux程序。想完整移除它将变得真的很麻烦，除非程序的创造者在Makefile里提供卸载的目标。你会有在你系统里文件的完整列表来和从源码安装之后比较，然后手工移除所有在制作安装过程中加入的文件
 
-That is when CheckInstall can come in handy. CheckInstall keeps track of all the files created or modified by an install command line (e.g., "make install" "make install_modules", etc.), and builds a standard binary package, giving you the ability to install or uninstall it with your distribution's standard package management system (e.g., yum for Red Hat or apt-get for Debian). It has been also known to work with Slackware, SuSe, Mandrake and Gentoo as well, as per the [official documentation][1].
 
-In this post, we will only focus on Red Hat and Debian based distributions, and show how to build a RPM or DEB package from the source using CheckInstall.
+这时候Checkinstall就可以派上使用。Checkinstall保留命令行创建或修改的所有文件的路径(例如：“make install”“make install_modules”等)并建立一个标准的二进制包，让你能用你发行版的标准包管理系统安装或卸载它，（例子：Red Hat的yum或者Debian的apt-get命令） It has been also known to work with Slackware, SuSe, Mandrake and Gentoo as well, as per the official documentation. [official documentation][1].
 
-### Installing CheckInstall on Linux ###
+在这篇文章中，我们只集中在红帽子和Debian为基础的发行版，并展示怎样从源码使用Checkinstall创建一个RPM和DEB软件包
 
-To install CheckInstall on Debian derivatives:
+### 在linux上安装Checkinstall ###
+
+在Debian衍生上安装Checkinstall：
 
     # aptitude install checkinstall 
 
-To install CheckInstall on Red Hat-based distributions, you will need to download a pre-built .rpm of CheckInstall (e.g., searchable from [http://rpm.pbone.net][2]), as it has been removed from the Repoforge repository. The .rpm package for CentOS 6 works in CentOS 7 as well.
+在红帽子的发行版上安装Checkinstall，你需要下载一个预先建立的Checkinstall rpm(例如：从 [http://rpm.pbone.net][2]),他已经从Repoforge库里删除。对于Cent OS6这个rpm包也可在Cent OS7里工作。
 
     # wget ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/opensuse/repositories/home:/ikoinoba/CentOS_CentOS-6/x86_64/checkinstall-1.6.2-3.el6.1.x86_64.rpm
     # yum install checkinstall-1.6.2-3.el6.1.x86_64.rpm 
 
-Once checkinstall is installed, you can use the following format to build a package for particular software.
+一旦checkinstall安装，你可以用下列格式创建一个特定的软件包
 
     # checkinstall <install-command> 
 
-Without <install-command> argument, the default install command "make install" will be used.
+如果没有参数，默认安装命令“make install”将被使用
 
-### Build a RPM or DEB Pacakge with CheckInstall ###
+### 用Checkinstall创建一个RPM或DEB包 ###
 
-In this example, we will build a package for [htop][3], an interactive text-mode process viewer for Linux (like top on steroids). 
+在这个例子里，我们将创建一个htop包，对于linux交互式文本模式进程查看器（就像上面的 steroids）
 
-First, let's download the source code from the official website of the project. As a best practice, we will store the tarball in /usr/local/src, and untar it.
+
+首先，让我们从项目的官方网站下载源代码，一个最佳的练习，我们存储源码到/usr/local/src,并解压它
 
     # cd /usr/local/src
     # wget http://hisham.hm/htop/releases/1.0.3/htop-1.0.3.tar.gz
     # tar xzf htop-1.0.3.tar.gz
     # cd htop-1.0.3 
 
-Let's find out the install command for htop, so that we can invoke checkinstall with the command. As shown below, htop is installed with 'make install' command.
+让我们找出htop安装命令，那样我们就能调用Checkinstall命令，下面展示了，htop用“make install”命令安装
 
     # ./configure
     # make install 
 
-Therefore, to build a htop package, we can invoke checkinstall without any argument, which will then use 'make install' command to build a package. Along the process, the checkinstall command will ask you a series of questions.
+因此，创建一个htop包，我们可以调用checkinstall不带任何参数安装，这将使用“make install”命令创建一个包。随着这个过程 checkinstall命令会问你一个连串的问题。
 
-In short, here are the commands to build a package for **htop**:
+总之，这个命令会创建一个htop包： **htop**:
 
     # ./configure
     # checkinstall 
 
-Answer 'y' to "Should I create a default set of package docs?":
+回答“Y”“我会创建一个默认设置的包文件？”
 
 ![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5577/15118597217_1fdd0e0346_z.jpg)
 
-You can enter a brief description of the package, then press Enter twice:
+你可以输入一个包的简短描述，然后按两次ENTER
 
 ![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3898/15118442190_604b71d9af.jpg)
 
-Enter a number to modify any of the following values or Enter to proceed:
+输入一个数值修改下面的任何值或ENTER前进
 
 ![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3898/15118442180_428de59d68_z.jpg)
 
-Then checkinstall will create a .rpm or a .deb package automatically, depending on what your Linux system is:
+然后checkinstall将自动地创建一个.rpm或者.deb包，根据你的linux系统是什么：
 
-On CentOS 7:
+在CentOS7：
 
 ![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3921/15282103066_5d688b2217_z.jpg)
 
-On Debian 7:
+在Debian 7:
 
 ![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3905/15118383009_4909a7c17b_z.jpg)
 
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ On Debian 7:
 
 via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/build-rpm-deb-package-source-checkinstall.html
 
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+译者：[luoyutiantang](https://github.com/译者ID)
 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
 
 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

translated/tech/Linux FAQs with Answers--How to build a RPM or DEB package from the source with CheckInstall.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+Linux 常见问题解答 --怎么用checkinstall从源码创建一个RPM或DEB包
+================================================================================
+> **问题**:我想要从源码创建安装的软件程序。有没有一种方式来创建并且从源码安装包,而不是运行“make install”？那样，以后如果我想，我可以容易的卸载程序。
+
+如果你已经从从它的源码运行“make install”安装了linux程序。想完整移除它将变得真的很麻烦，除非程序的创造者在Makefile里提供卸载的目标。你会有在你系统里文件的完整列表来和从源码安装之后比较，然后手工移除所有在制作安装过程中加入的文件
+
+
+这时候Checkinstall就可以派上使用。Checkinstall保留命令行创建或修改的所有文件的路径(例如：“make install”“make install_modules”等)并建立一个标准的二进制包，让你能用你发行版的标准包管理系统安装或卸载它，（例子：Red Hat的yum或者Debian的apt-get命令） It has been also known to work with Slackware, SuSe, Mandrake and Gentoo as well, as per the official documentation. [official documentation][1].
+
+在这篇文章中，我们只集中在红帽子和Debian为基础的发行版，并展示怎样从源码使用Checkinstall创建一个RPM和DEB软件包
+
+### 在linux上安装Checkinstall ###
+
+在Debian衍生上安装Checkinstall：
+
+    # aptitude install checkinstall 
+
+在红帽子的发行版上安装Checkinstall，你需要下载一个预先建立的Checkinstall rpm(例如：从 [http://rpm.pbone.net][2]),他已经从Repoforge库里删除。对于Cent OS6这个rpm包也可在Cent OS7里工作。
+
+    # wget ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/ftp5.gwdg.de/pub/opensuse/repositories/home:/ikoinoba/CentOS_CentOS-6/x86_64/checkinstall-1.6.2-3.el6.1.x86_64.rpm
+    # yum install checkinstall-1.6.2-3.el6.1.x86_64.rpm 
+
+一旦checkinstall安装，你可以用下列格式创建一个特定的软件包
+
+    # checkinstall <install-command> 
+
+如果没有参数，默认安装命令“make install”将被使用
+
+### 用Checkinstall创建一个RPM或DEB包 ###
+
+在这个例子里，我们将创建一个htop包，对于linux交互式文本模式进程查看器（就像上面的 steroids）
+
+
+首先，让我们从项目的官方网站下载源代码，一个最佳的练习，我们存储源码到/usr/local/src,并解压它
+
+    # cd /usr/local/src
+    # wget http://hisham.hm/htop/releases/1.0.3/htop-1.0.3.tar.gz
+    # tar xzf htop-1.0.3.tar.gz
+    # cd htop-1.0.3 
+
+让我们找出htop安装命令，那样我们就能调用Checkinstall命令，下面展示了，htop用“make install”命令安装
+
+    # ./configure
+    # make install 
+
+因此，创建一个htop包，我们可以调用checkinstall不带任何参数安装，这将使用“make install”命令创建一个包。随着这个过程 checkinstall命令会问你一个连串的问题。
+
+总之，这个命令会创建一个htop包： **htop**:
+
+    # ./configure
+    # checkinstall 
+
+回答“Y”“我会创建一个默认设置的包文件？”
+
+![](https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5577/15118597217_1fdd0e0346_z.jpg)
+
+你可以输入一个包的简短描述，然后按两次ENTER
+
+![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3898/15118442190_604b71d9af.jpg)
+
+输入一个数值修改下面的任何值或ENTER前进
+
+![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3898/15118442180_428de59d68_z.jpg)
+
+然后checkinstall将自动地创建一个.rpm或者.deb包，根据你的linux系统是什么：
+
+在CentOS7：
+
+![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3921/15282103066_5d688b2217_z.jpg)
+
+在Debian 7:
+
+![](https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3905/15118383009_4909a7c17b_z.jpg)
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/build-rpm-deb-package-source-checkinstall.html
+
+译者：[luoyutiantang](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[1]:http://checkinstall.izto.org/docs/README
+[2]:http://rpm.pbone.net/
+[3]:http://ask.xmodulo.com/install-htop-centos-rhel.html