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[翻译完成]Daily Ubuntu Tips–Knowing About The Root Account
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Daily Ubuntu Tips–Knowing About The Root Account
================================================================================
For new users who just starting with Ubuntu and wanting to know about the root account, here’s a brief post that gives you a little insight about the root account and how / why to use it. You see, every Ubuntu edition comes with a root account.
The root account is also known as the administrator account. Think of the root account as an account with god-like rights. It can delete any file, any folder and make any change to the system. The power of the root account is limitless.
Because the root account is so powerful, it is automatically created with a password value with no possible encrypted match on the system, which makes it unusable to sign on with. So instead of directly logging on with the root account, users are encouraged to use the sudo command.
The sudo command allows authorized users to temporary elevate their privileges using their own password without knowing the root password or using the root account.
If you still want to enable and logon with the root account for other unknown reasons, simply give it a password. This will enable the root account.
sudo passwd
The commands above will enable the root account but to sign on as the root user, you must enable manual logon since it’s now been disabled in Ubuntu. The manual logon option allows for users to type their logon name as well as the password for the account instead of just selecting an account from the logon screen.
To enable manual logon with **Ubuntu 13.10**, open the config file by running the commands below
sudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf
Then add the line below as shown in the image.
greeter-show-manual-login=true
![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/ubuntu-root-logon.png)
Save the file and restart your computer.
For earlier versions of Ubuntu, you may find this config file in a different location under **/etc/lightdm**. It may be called **lightdm.conf**.
On the logon screen, you can then type the root username with password to sign on.
![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/ubuntu-root-logon-1.png)
If you want to lock / disable the root account, run the commands below.
sudo passwd -l root
Enjoy!
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每日Ubuntu小技巧－了解Root帐号
================================================================================
对于想了解Root帐号的Ubuntu新手，这里有一个简短的帖子会让你对root账号和如何使用及为什么使用root账号有些清楚的认识。如你所见，每个版本的Ubuntu都会带一个root账号。
root账号也被称作管理员账号。你可以将root账号看作是有着同上帝一样的权力的账号。它可以删除任何文件，任何目录并对系统做出任何修改。root账号的权限是无限的。
由于root账号过于强大，系统会自动地产生一个密码值，该密码值在系统上没有加密匹配，如此一来用户就不能使用root帐号登入系统了。相对直接用root帐号登录，Ubuntu更支持用户使用sudo命令。
sudo命令可以使已获得授权的用户在不知道root帐号的密码或者不使用root帐号的情况下通过使用自己的密码暂时提升自己的权限。
如果你因为一些其它原因仍然想要使能root帐号并用它登录系统，很简单，给它设置一个密码就可以了。这样就可以使能root帐号了。
sudo passwd
上面的命令可以使能root帐号，但是想要用root帐号登录系统，你还必须使能被Ubuntu禁用的手动登录。手动登录选项允许用户输入帐号和相应的登录密码而不仅仅是从登录界面选择一个帐号登录。
要在**Ubuntu 13.10**中使能手动登录选项，你可以运行下面的命令
sudo gedit /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-unity-greeter.conf
然后如图所示添加下面这一行文字
greeter-show-manual-login=true
![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/ubuntu-root-logon.png)
保存并重启电脑。
对于较早版本的Ubuntu，你可以在不同的位置即**/etc/lightdm**目录下找到这个配置文件。文件名可能叫**lightdm.conf**。
修改完后，在登录界面，你就可以输入root帐号和相应的密码然后登录系统了。
![](http://www.liberiangeek.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/ubuntu-root-logon-1.png)
如果你想锁定/禁用root帐号，使用下面的命令
sudo passwd -l root
使用愉快！
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: http://www.liberiangeek.net/2013/09/daily-ubuntu-tipsknowing-root-account/
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
译者：[Linchenguang](https://github.com/Linchenguang) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)