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sources/tech/20160922 Annoying Experiences Every Linux Gamer Never Wanted.md
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Annoying Experiences Every Linux Gamer Never Wanted!
============================================================
[![Linux gamer's problem](https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg)][10]
[Gaming on Linux][12] has come a long way. There are dedicated [Linux gaming distributions][13] now. But this doesn’t mean that gaming experience on Linux is as smooth as on Windows.
What are the obstacles that should be thought about to ensure that we enjoy games as much as Windows users do?
[Wine][14], [PlayOnLinux][15] and other similar tools are not always able to play every popular Windows game. In this article, I would like to discuss various factors that must be dealt with in order to have the best possible Linux gaming experience.
### #1 SteamOS is Open Source, Steam for Linux is NOT
As stated on the [SteamOS page][16], even though SteamOS is open source, Steam for Linux continues to be proprietary. Had it also been open source, the amount of support from the open source community would have been tremendous! Since it is not, [the birth of Project Ascension was inevitable][17]:
[video](https://youtu.be/07UiS5iAknA)
Project Ascension is an open source game launcher designed to launch games that have been bought and downloaded from anywhere – they can be Steam games, [Origin games][18], Uplay games, games downloaded directly from game developer websites or from DVD/CD-ROMs.
Here is how it all began: [Sharing The Idea][19] resulted in a very interesting discussion with readers all over from the gaming community pitching in their own opinions and suggestions.
### #2 Performance compared to Windows
Getting Windows games to run on Linux is not always an easy task. But thanks to a feature called [CSMT][20] (command stream multi-threading), PlayOnLinux is now better equipped to deal with these performance issues, though it’s still a long way to achieve Windows level outcomes.
Native Linux support for games has not been so good for past releases.
Last year, it was reported that SteamOS performed [significantly worse][21] than Windows. Tomb Raider was released on SteamOS/Steam for Linux last year. However, benchmark results were [not at par][22] with performance on Windows.
[video](https://youtu.be/nkWUBRacBNE)
This was much obviously due to the fact that the game had been developed with [DirectX][23] in mind and not [OpenGL][24].
Tomb Raider is the [first Linux game that uses TressFX][25]. This video includes TressFX comparisons:
[video](https://youtu.be/-IeY5ZS-LlA)
Here is another interesting comparison which shows Wine+CSMT performing much better than the native Linux version itself on Steam! This is the power of Open Source!
[Suggested readA New Linux OS "OSu" Vying To Be Ubuntu Of Arch Linux World][26]
[video](https://youtu.be/sCJkC6oJ08A)
TressFX has been turned off in this case to avoid FPS loss.
Here is another Linux vs Windows comparison for the recently released “[Life is Strange][27]” on Linux:
[video](https://youtu.be/Vlflu-pIgIY)
It’s good to know that  [_Steam for Linux_][28]  has begun to show better improvements in performance for this new Linux game.
Before launching any game for Linux, developers should consider optimizing them especially if it’s a DirectX game and requires OpenGL translation. We really do hope that [Deus Ex: Mankind Divided on Linux][29] gets benchmarked well, upon release. As its a DirectX game, we hope it’s being ported well for Linux. Here’s [what the Executive Game Director had to say][30].
### #3 Proprietary NVIDIA Drivers
[AMD’s support for Open Source][31] is definitely commendable when compared to [NVIDIA][32]. Though [AMD][33] driver support is [pretty good on Linux][34] now due to its better open source driver, NVIDIA graphic card owners will still have to use the proprietary NVIDIA drivers because of the limited capabilities of the open-source version of NVIDIA’s graphics driver called Nouveau.
In the past, legendary Linus Torvalds has also shared his thoughts about Linux support from NVIDIA to be totally unacceptable:
[video](https://youtu.be/O0r6Pr_mdio)
You can watch the complete talk [here][35]. Although NVIDIA responded with [a commitment for better linux support][36], the open source graphics driver still continues to be weak as before.
### #4 Need for Uplay and Origin DRM support on Linux
[video](https://youtu.be/rc96NFwyxWU)
The above video describes how to install the [Uplay][37] DRM on Linux. The uploader also suggests that the use of wine as the main tool of games and applications is not recommended on Linux. Rather, preference to native applications should be encouraged instead.
The following video is a guide about installing the [Origin][38] DRM on Linux:
[video](https://youtu.be/ga2lNM72-Kw)
Digital Rights Management Software adds another layer for game execution and hence it adds up to the already challenging task to make a Windows game run well on Linux. So in addition to making the game execute, W.I.N.E has to take care of running the DRM software such as Uplay or Origin as well. It would have been great if, like Steam, Linux could have got its own native versions of Uplay and Origin.
[Suggested readLinux Foundation Head Calls 2017 'Year of the Linux Desktop'... While Running Apple's macOS Himself][39]
### #5 DirectX 11 support for Linux
Even though we have tools on Linux to run Windows applications, every game comes with its own set of tweak requirements for it to be playable on Linux. Though there was an announcement about [DirectX 11 support for Linux][40] last year via Code Weavers, it’s still a long way to go to make playing newly launched titles on Linux a possibility. Currently, you can
Currently, you can [buy Crossover from Codeweavers][41] to get the best DirectX 11 support available. This [thread][42] on the Arch Linux forums clearly shows how much more effort is required to make this dream a possibility. Here is an interesting [find][43] from a [Reddit thread][44], which mentions Wine getting [DirectX 11 patches from Codeweavers][45]. Now that’s definitely some good news.
### #6 100% of Steam games are not available for Linux
This is an important point to ponder as Linux gamers continue to miss out on every major game release since most of them land up on Windows. Here is a guide to [install Steam for Windows on Linux][46].
### #7 Better Support from video game publishers for OpenGL
Currently, developers and publishers focus primarily on DirectX for video game development rather than OpenGL. Now as Steam is officially here for Linux, developers should start considering development in OpenGL as well.
[Direct3D][47] is made solely for the Windows platform. The OpenGL API is an open standard, and implementations exist for not only Windows but a wide variety of other platforms.
Though quite an old article, [this valuable resource][48] shares a lot of thoughtful information on the realities of OpenGL and DirectX. The points made are truly very sensible and enlightens the reader about the facts based on actual chronological events.
Publishers who are launching their titles on Linux should definitely not leave out the fact that developing the game on OpenGL would be a much better deal than translating it from DirectX to OpenGL. If conversion has to be done, the translations must be well optimized and carefully looked into. There might be a delay in releasing the games but still it would definitely be worth the wait.
Have more annoyances to share? Do let us know in the comments.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/
作者：[Avimanyu Bandyopadhyay ][a]
译者：[tomjlw](https://github.com/tomjlw
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
[1]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
[2]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/#comments
[3]:https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fitsfoss.com%2Flinux-gaming-problems%2F%3Futm_source%3Dfacebook%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3DSocialWarfare
[4]:https://twitter.com/share?original_referer=/&text=Annoying+Experiences+Every+Linux+Gamer+Never+Wanted%21&url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/%3Futm_source%3Dtwitter%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3DSocialWarfare&via=itsfoss2
[5]:https://plus.google.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fitsfoss.com%2Flinux-gaming-problems%2F%3Futm_source%3DgooglePlus%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3DSocialWarfare
[6]:https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fitsfoss.com%2Flinux-gaming-problems%2F%3Futm_source%3DlinkedIn%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3DSocialWarfare
[7]:http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&title=Annoying+Experiences+Every+Linux+Gamer+Never+Wanted%21
[8]:https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&title=Annoying+Experiences+Every+Linux+Gamer+Never+Wanted%21
[9]:https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg
[10]:https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg
[11]:http://pinterest.com/pin/create/bookmarklet/?media=https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg&url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&is_video=false&description=Linux%20gamer%27s%20problem
[12]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
[13]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-distributions/
[14]:https://itsfoss.com/use-windows-applications-linux/
[15]:https://www.playonlinux.com/en/
[16]:http://store.steampowered.com/steamos/
[17]:http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/reddit-users-want-replace-steam-open-source-game-launcher-project-ascension-1498999
[18]:https://www.origin.com/
[19]:https://www.reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace/comments/33xcvm/we_hate_valves_monopoly_over_pc_gaming_why/
[20]:https://github.com/wine-compholio/wine-staging/wiki/CSMT
[21]:http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/11/ars-benchmarks-show-significant-performance-hit-for-steamos-gaming/
[22]:https://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/tomb-raider-benchmark-video-comparison-linux-vs-windows-10.7138
[23]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectX
[24]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL
[25]:https://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/tomb-raider-released-for-linux-video-thoughts-port-report-included-the-first-linux-game-to-use-tresfx.7124
[26]:https://itsfoss.com/osu-new-linux/
[27]:http://lifeisstrange.com/
[28]:https://itsfoss.com/install-steam-ubuntu-linux/
[29]:https://itsfoss.com/deus-ex-mankind-divided-linux/
[30]:http://wccftech.com/deus-ex-mankind-divided-director-console-ports-on-pc-is-disrespectful/
[31]:http://developer.amd.com/tools-and-sdks/open-source/
[32]:http://nvidia.com/
[33]:http://amd.com/
[34]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/open-source-amd-graphics-now-awesome-heres-get/
[35]:https://youtu.be/MShbP3OpASA
[36]:https://itsfoss.com/nvidia-optimus-support-linux/
[37]:http://uplay.com/
[38]:http://origin.com/
[39]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-foundation-head-uses-macos/
[40]:http://www.pcworld.com/article/2940470/hey-gamers-directx-11-is-coming-to-linux-thanks-to-codeweavers-and-wine.html
[41]:https://itsfoss.com/deal-run-windows-software-and-games-on-linux-with-crossover-15-66-off/
[42]:https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=214771
[43]:https://ghostbin.com/paste/sy3e2
[44]:https://www.reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comments/3ap3uu/directx_11_support_coming_to_codeweavers/
[45]:https://www.codeweavers.com/about/blogs/caron/2015/12/10/directx-11-really-james-didnt-lie
[46]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
[47]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct3D
[48]:http://blog.wolfire.com/2010/01/Why-you-should-use-OpenGL-and-not-DirectX

3
sources/tech/20180307 3 open source tools for scientific publishing.md
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3 open source tools for scientific publishing
======
@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ We are always on the lookout for opportunities to engage with the best emerging
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/3/scientific-publishing-software
作者：[Paul Shanno][a]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
译者：[tomjlw](https://github.com/tomjlw)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Linux Desktop Setup · HookRace Blog)
[#]: via: (https://hookrace.net/blog/linux-desktop-setup/)
[#]: author: (Dennis Felsing http://felsin9.de/nnis/)
Linux Desktop Setup
======
My software setup has been surprisingly constant over the last decade, after a few years of experimentation since I initially switched to Linux in 2006. It might be interesting to look back in another 10 years and see what changed. A quick overview of what’s running as I’m writing this post:
[![htop overview][1]][2]
### Motivation
My software priorities are, in no specific order:
* Programs should run on my local system so that I’m in control of them, this excludes cloud solutions.
* Programs should run in the terminal, so that they can be used consistently from anywhere, including weak computers or a phone.
* Keyboard focused is nearly automatic by using terminal software. I prefer to use the mouse where it makes sense only, reaching for the mouse all the time during typing feels like a waste of time. Occasionally it took me an hour to notice that the mouse wasn’t even plugged in.
* Ideally use fast and efficient software, I don’t like hearing the fan and feeling the room heat up. I can also keep running older hardware for much longer, my 10 year old Thinkpad x200s is still fine for all the software I use.
* Be composable. I don’t want to do every step manually, instead automate more when it makes sense. This naturally favors the shell.
### Operating Systems
I had a hard start with Linux 12 years ago by removing Windows, armed with just the [Gentoo Linux][3] installation CD and a printed manual to get a functioning Linux system. It took me a few days of compiling and tinkering, but in the end I felt like I had learnt a lot.
I haven’t looked back to Windows since then, but I switched to [Arch Linux][4] on my laptop after having the fan fail from the constant compilation stress. Later I also switched all my other computers and private servers to Arch Linux. As a rolling release distribution you get package upgrades all the time, but the most important breakages are nicely reported in the [Arch Linux News][5].
One annoyance though is that Arch Linux removes the old kernel modules once you upgrade it. I usually notice that once I try plugging in a USB flash drive and the kernel fails to load the relevant module. Instead you’re supposed to reboot after each kernel upgrade. There are a few [hacks][6] around to get around the problem, but I haven’t been bothered enough to actually use them.
Similar problems happen with other programs, commonly Firefox, cron or Samba requiring a restart after an upgrade, but annoyingly not warning you that that’s the case. [SUSE][7], which I use at work, nicely warns about such cases.
For the [DDNet][8] production servers I prefer [Debian][9] over Arch Linux, so that I have a lower chance of breakage on each upgrade. For my firewall and router I used [OpenBSD][10] for its clean system, documentation and great [pf firewall][11], but right now I don’t have a need for a separate router anymore.
### Window Manager
Since I started out with Gentoo I quickly noticed the huge compile time of KDE, which made it a no-go for me. I looked around for more minimal solutions, and used [Openbox][12] and [Fluxbox][13] initially. At some point I jumped on the tiling window manager train in order to be more keyboard-focused and picked up [dwm][14] and [awesome][15] close to their initial releases.
In the end I settled on [xmonad][16] thanks to its flexibility, extendability and being written and configured in pure [Haskell][17], a great functional programming language. One example of this is that at home I run a single 40” 4K screen, but often split it up into four virtual screens, each displaying a workspace on which my windows are automatically arranged. Of course xmonad has a [module][18] for that.
[dzen][19] and [conky][20] function as a simple enough status bar for me. My entire conky config looks like this:
```
out_to_console yes
update_interval 1
total_run_times 0
TEXT
${downspeed eth0} ${upspeed eth0} | $cpu% ${loadavg 1} ${loadavg 2} ${loadavg 3} $mem/$memmax | ${time %F %T}
```
And gets piped straight into dzen2 with `conky | dzen2 -fn '-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*' -bg '#000000' -fg '#ffffff' -p -e '' -x 1000 -w 920 -xs 1 -ta r`.
One important feature for me is to make the terminal emit a beep sound once a job is done. This is done simply by adding a `\a` character to the `PR_TITLEBAR` variable in zsh, which is shown whenever a job is done. Of course I disable the actual beep sound by blacklisting the `pcspkr` kernel module with `echo "blacklist pcspkr" > /etc/modprobe.d/nobeep.conf`. Instead the sound gets turned into an urgency by urxvt’s `URxvt.urgentOnBell: true` setting. Then xmonad has an urgency hook to capture this and I can automatically focus the currently urgent window with a key combination. In dzen I get the urgent windowspaces displayed with a nice and bright `#ff0000`.
The final result in all its glory on my Laptop:
[![Laptop screenshot][21]][22]
I hear that [i3][23] has become quite popular in the last years, but it requires more manual window alignment instead of specifying automated methods to do it.
I realize that there are also terminal multiplexers like [tmux][24], but I still require a few graphical applications, so in the end I never used them productively.
### Terminal Persistency
In order to keep terminals alive I use [dtach][25], which is just the detach feature of screen. In order to make every terminal on my computer detachable I wrote a [small wrapper script][26]. This means that even if I had to restart my X server I could keep all my terminals running just fine, both local and remote.
### Shell & Programming
Instead of [bash][27] I use [zsh][28] as my shell for its huge number of features.
As a terminal emulator I found [urxvt][29] to be simple enough, support Unicode and 256 colors and has great performance. Another great feature is being able to run the urxvt client and daemon separately, so that even a large number of terminals barely takes up any memory (except for the scrollback buffer).
There is only one font that looks absolutely clean and perfect to me: [Terminus][30]. Since i’s a bitmap font everything is pixel perfect and renders extremely fast and at low CPU usage. In order to switch fonts on-demand in each terminal with `CTRL-WIN-[1-7]` my ~/.Xdefaults contains:
```
URxvt.font: -xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
dzen2.font: -xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
URxvt.keysym.C-M-1: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-2: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-3: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-18-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-4: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-22-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-5: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-24-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-6: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-28-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-7: command:\033]50;-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal-*-32-*-*-*-*-*-*-*\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-n: command:\033]10;#ffffff\007\033]11;#000000\007\033]12;#ffffff\007\033]706;#00ffff\007\033]707;#ffff00\007
URxvt.keysym.C-M-b: command:\033]10;#000000\007\033]11;#ffffff\007\033]12;#000000\007\033]706;#0000ff\007\033]707;#ff0000\007
```
For programming and writing I use [Vim][31] with syntax highlighting and [ctags][32] for indexing, as well as a few terminal windows with grep, sed and the other usual suspects for search and manipulation. This is probably not at the same level of comfort as an IDE, but allows me more automation.
One problem with Vim is that you get so used to its key mappings that you’ll want to use them everywhere.
[Python][33] and [Nim][34] do well as scripting languages where the shell is not powerful enough.
### System Monitoring
[htop][35] (look at the background of that site, it’s a live view of the server that’s hosting it) works great for getting a quick overview of what the software is currently doing. [lm_sensors][36] allows monitoring the hardware temperatures, fans and voltages. [powertop][37] is a great little tool by Intel to find power savings. [ncdu][38] lets you analyze disk usage interactively.
[nmap][39], iptraf-ng, [tcpdump][40] and [Wireshark][41] are essential tools for analyzing network problems.
There are of course many more great tools.
### Mails & Synchronization
On my home server I have a [fetchmail][42] daemon running for each email acccount that I have. Fetchmail just retrieves the incoming emails and invokes [procmail][43]:
```
#!/bin/sh
for i in /home/deen/.fetchmail/*; do
FETCHMAILHOME=$i /usr/bin/fetchmail -m 'procmail -d %T' -d 60
done
```
The configuration is as simple as it could be and waits for the server to inform us of fresh emails:
```
poll imap.1und1.de protocol imap timeout 120 user "dennis@felsin9.de" password "XXX" folders INBOX keep ssl idle
```
My `.procmailrc` config contains a few rules to backup all mails and sort them into the correct directories, for example based on the mailing list id or from field in the mail header:
```
MAILDIR=/home/deen/shared/Maildir
LOGFILE=$HOME/.procmaillog
LOGABSTRACT=no
VERBOSE=off
FORMAIL=/usr/bin/formail
NL="
"
:0wc
* ! ? test -d /media/mailarchive/`date +%Y`
| mkdir -p /media/mailarchive/`date +%Y`
# Make backups of all mail received in format YYYY/YYYY-MM
:0c
/media/mailarchive/`date +%Y`/`date +%Y-%m`
:0
* ^From: .*(.*@.*.kit.edu|.*@.*.uka.de|.*@.*.uni-karlsruhe.de)
$MAILDIR/.uni/
:0
* ^list-Id:.*lists.kit.edu
$MAILDIR/.uni-ml/
[...]
```
To send emails I use [msmtp][44], which is also great to configure:
```
account default
host smtp.1und1.de
tls on
tls_trust_file /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
auth on
from dennis@felsin9.de
user dennis@felsin9.de
password XXX
[...]
```
But so far the emails are still on the server. My documents are all stored in a directory that I synchronize between all computers using [Unison][45]. Think of Unison as a bidirectional interactive [rsync][46]. My emails are part of this documents directory and thus they end up on my desktop computers.
This also means that while the emails reach my server immediately, I only fetch them on deman instead of getting instant notifications when an email comes in.
From there I read the mails with [mutt][47], using the sidebar plugin to display my mail directories. The `/etc/mailcap` file is essential to display non-plaintext mails containing HTML, Word or PDF:
```
text/html;w3m -I %{charset} -T text/html; copiousoutput
application/msword; antiword %s; copiousoutput
application/pdf; pdftotext -layout /dev/stdin -; copiousoutput
```
### News & Communication
[Newsboat][48] is a nice little RSS/Atom feed reader in the terminal. I have it running on the server in a `tach` session with about 150 feeds. Filtering feeds locally is also possible, for example:
```
ignore-article "https://forum.ddnet.tw/feed.php" "title =~ \"Map Testing •\" or title =~ \"Old maps •\" or title =~ \"Map Bugs •\" or title =~ \"Archive •\" or title =~ \"Waiting for mapper •\" or title =~ \"Other mods •\" or title =~ \"Fixes •\""
```
I use [Irssi][49] the same way for communication via IRC.
### Calendar
[remind][50] is a calendar that can be used from the command line. Setting new reminders is done by editing the `rem` files:
```
# One time events
REM 2019-01-20 +90 Flight to China %b
# Recurring Holidays
REM 1 May +90 Holiday "Tag der Arbeit" %b
REM [trigger(easterdate(year(today()))-2)] +90 Holiday "Karfreitag" %b
# Time Change
REM Nov Sunday 1 --7 +90 Time Change (03:00 -> 02:00) %b
REM Apr Sunday 1 --7 +90 Time Change (02:00 -> 03:00) %b
# Birthdays
FSET birthday(x) "'s " + ord(year(trigdate())-x) + " birthday is %b"
REM 16 Apr +90 MSG Andreas[birthday(1994)]
# Sun
SET $LatDeg 49
SET $LatMin 19
SET $LatSec 49
SET $LongDeg -8
SET $LongMin -40
SET $LongSec -24
MSG Sun from [sunrise(trigdate())] to [sunset(trigdate())]
[...]
```
Unfortunately there is no Chinese Lunar calendar function in remind yet, so Chinese holidays can’t be calculated easily.
I use two aliases for remind:
```
rem -m -b1 -q -g
```
to see a list of the next events in chronological order and
```
rem -m -b1 -q -cuc12 -w$(($(tput cols)+1)) | sed -e "s/\f//g" | less
```
to show a calendar fitting just the width of my terminal:
![remcal][51]
### Dictionary
[rdictcc][52] is a little known dictionary tool that uses the excellent dictionary files from [dict.cc][53] and turns them into a local database:
```
$ rdictcc rasch
====================[ A => B ]====================
rasch:
- apace
- brisk [speedy]
- cursory
- in a timely manner
- quick
- quickly
- rapid
- rapidly
- sharpish [Br.] [coll.]
- speedily
- speedy
- swift
- swiftly
rasch [gehen]:
- smartly [quickly]
Rasch {n} [Zittergras-Segge]:
- Alpine grass [Carex brizoides]
- quaking grass sedge [Carex brizoides]
Rasch {m} [regional] [Putzrasch]:
- scouring pad
====================[ B => A ]====================
Rasch model:
- Rasch-Modell {n}
```
### Writing and Reading
I have a simple todo file containing my tasks, that is basically always sitting open in a Vim session. For work I also use the todo file as a “done” file so that I can later check what tasks I finished on each day.
For writing documents, letters and presentations I use [LaTeX][54] for its superior typesetting. A simple letter in German format can be set like this for example:
```
\documentclass[paper = a4, fromalign = right]{scrlttr2}
\usepackage{german}
\usepackage{eurosym}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\setlength{\parskip}{6pt}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\setkomavar{fromname}{Dennis Felsing}
\setkomavar{fromaddress}{Meine Str. 1\\69181 Leimen}
\setkomavar{subject}{Titel}
\setkomavar*{enclseparator}{Anlagen}
\makeatletter
\@setplength{refvpos}{89mm}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{letter} {Herr Soundso\\Deine Str. 2\\69121 Heidelberg}
\opening{Sehr geehrter Herr Soundso,}
Sie haben bei mir seit dem Bla Bla Bla.
Ich fordere Sie hiermit zu Bla Bla Bla auf.
\closing{Mit freundlichen Grüßen}
\end{letter}
\end{document}
```
Further example documents and presentations can be found over at [my private site][55].
To read PDFs [Zathura][56] is fast, has Vim-like controls and even supports two different PDF backends: Poppler and MuPDF. [Evince][57] on the other hand is more full-featured for the cases where I encounter documents that Zathura doesn’t like.
### Graphical Editing
[GIMP][58] and [Inkscape][59] are easy choices for photo editing and interactive vector graphics respectively.
In some cases [Imagemagick][60] is good enough though and can be used straight from the command line and thus automated to edit images. Similarly [Graphviz][61] and [TikZ][62] can be used to draw graphs and other diagrams.
### Web Browsing
As a web browser I’ve always used [Firefox][63] for its extensibility and low resource usage compared to Chrome.
Unfortunately the [Pentadactyl][64] extension development stopped after Firefox switched to Chrome-style extensions entirely, so I don’t have satisfying Vim-like controls in my browser anymore.
### Media Players
[mpv][65] with hardware decoding allows watching videos at 5% CPU load using the `vo=gpu` and `hwdec=vaapi` config settings. `audio-channels=2` in mpv seems to give me clearer downmixing to my stereo speakers / headphones than what PulseAudio does by default. A great little feature is exiting with `Shift-Q` instead of just `Q` to save the playback location. When watching with someone with another native tongue you can use `--secondary-sid=` to show two subtitles at once, the primary at the bottom, the secondary at the top of the screen
My wirelss mouse can easily be made into a remote control with mpv with a small `~/.config/mpv/input.conf`:
```
MOUSE_BTN5 run "mixer" "pcm" "-2"
MOUSE_BTN6 run "mixer" "pcm" "+2"
MOUSE_BTN1 cycle sub-visibility
MOUSE_BTN7 add chapter -1
MOUSE_BTN8 add chapter 1
```
[youtube-dl][66] works great for watching videos hosted online, best quality can be achieved with `-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best --all-subs --embed-subs`.
As a music player [MOC][67] hasn’t been actively developed for a while, but it’s still a simple player that plays every format conceivable, including the strangest Chiptune formats. In the AUR there is a [patch][68] adding PulseAudio support as well. Even with the CPU clocked down to 800 MHz MOC barely uses 1-2% of a single CPU core.
![moc][69]
My music collection sits on my home server so that I can access it from anywhere. It is mounted using [SSHFS][70] and automount in the `/etc/fstab/`:
```
root@server:/media/media /mnt/media fuse.sshfs noauto,x-systemd.automount,idmap=user,IdentityFile=/root/.ssh/id_rsa,allow_other,reconnect 0 0
```
### Cross-Platform Building
Linux is great to build packages for any major operating system except Linux itself! In the beginning I used [QEMU][71] to with an old Debian, Windows and Mac OS X VM to build for these platforms.
Nowadays I switched to using chroot for the old Debian distribution (for maximum Linux compatibility), [MinGW][72] to cross-compile for Windows and [OSXCross][73] to cross-compile for Mac OS X.
The script used to [build DDNet][74] as well as the [instructions for updating library builds][75] are based on this.
### Backups
As usual, we nearly forgot about backups. Even if this is the last chapter, it should not be an afterthought.
I wrote [rrb][76] (reverse rsync backup) 10 years ago to wrap rsync so that I only need to give the backup server root SSH rights to the computers that it is backing up. Surprisingly rrb needed 0 changes in the last 10 years, even though I kept using it the entire time.
The backups are stored straight on the filesystem. Incremental backups are implemented using hard links (`--link-dest`). A simple [config][77] defines how long backups are kept, which defaults to:
```
KEEP_RULES=( \
7 7 \ # One backup a day for the last 7 days
31 8 \ # 8 more backups for the last month
365 11 \ # 11 more backups for the last year
1825 4 \ # 4 more backups for the last 5 years
)
```
Since some of my computers don’t have a static IP / DNS entry and I still want to back them up using rrb I use a reverse SSH tunnel (as a systemd service) for them:
```
[Unit]
Description=Reverse SSH Tunnel
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/ssh -N -R 27276:localhost:22 -o "ExitOnForwardFailure yes" server
KillMode=process
Restart=always
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```
Now the server can reach the client through `ssh -p 27276 localhost` while the tunnel is running to perform the backup, or in `.ssh/config` format:
```
Host cr-remote
HostName localhost
Port 27276
```
While talking about SSH hacks, sometimes a server is not easily reachable thanks to some bad routing. In that case you can route the SSH connection through another server to get better routing, in this case going through the USA to reach my Chinese server which had not been reliably reachable from Germany for a few weeks:
```
Host chn.ddnet.tw
ProxyCommand ssh -q usa.ddnet.tw nc -q0 chn.ddnet.tw 22
Port 22
```
### Final Remarks
Thanks for reading my random collection of tools. I probably forgot many programs that I use so naturally every day that I don’t even think about them anymore. Let’s see how stable my software setup stays in the next years. If you have any questions, feel free to get in touch with me at [dennis@felsin9.de][78].
Comments on [Hacker News][79].
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://hookrace.net/blog/linux-desktop-setup/
作者：[Dennis Felsing][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: http://felsin9.de/nnis/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/htop_small.png
[2]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/htop.png
[3]: https://gentoo.org/
[4]: https://www.archlinux.org/
[5]: https://www.archlinux.org/news/
[6]: https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/4zrsc3/keep_your_system_fully_functional_after_a_kernel/
[7]: https://www.suse.com/
[8]: https://ddnet.tw/
[9]: https://www.debian.org/
[10]: https://www.openbsd.org/
[11]: https://www.openbsd.org/faq/pf/
[12]: http://openbox.org/wiki/Main_Page
[13]: http://fluxbox.org/
[14]: https://dwm.suckless.org/
[15]: https://awesomewm.org/
[16]: https://xmonad.org/
[17]: https://www.haskell.org/
[18]: http://hackage.haskell.org/package/xmonad-contrib-0.15/docs/XMonad-Layout-LayoutScreens.html
[19]: http://robm.github.io/dzen/
[20]: https://github.com/brndnmtthws/conky
[21]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/laptop_small.png
[22]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/laptop.png
[23]: https://i3wm.org/
[24]: https://github.com/tmux/tmux/wiki
[25]: http://dtach.sourceforge.net/
[26]: https://github.com/def-/tach/blob/master/tach
[27]: https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/
[28]: http://www.zsh.org/
[29]: http://software.schmorp.de/pkg/rxvt-unicode.html
[30]: http://terminus-font.sourceforge.net/
[31]: https://www.vim.org/
[32]: http://ctags.sourceforge.net/
[33]: https://www.python.org/
[34]: https://nim-lang.org/
[35]: https://hisham.hm/htop/
[36]: http://lm-sensors.org/
[37]: https://01.org/powertop/
[38]: https://dev.yorhel.nl/ncdu
[39]: https://nmap.org/
[40]: https://www.tcpdump.org/
[41]: https://www.wireshark.org/
[42]: http://www.fetchmail.info/
[43]: http://www.procmail.org/
[44]: https://marlam.de/msmtp/
[45]: https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~bcpierce/unison/
[46]: https://rsync.samba.org/
[47]: http://www.mutt.org/
[48]: https://newsboat.org/
[49]: https://irssi.org/
[50]: https://www.roaringpenguin.com/products/remind
[51]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/remcal.png
[52]: https://github.com/tsdh/rdictcc
[53]: https://www.dict.cc/
[54]: https://www.latex-project.org/
[55]: http://felsin9.de/nnis/research/
[56]: https://pwmt.org/projects/zathura/
[57]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evince
[58]: https://www.gimp.org/
[59]: https://inkscape.org/
[60]: https://imagemagick.org/Usage/
[61]: https://www.graphviz.org/
[62]: https://sourceforge.net/projects/pgf/
[63]: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/
[64]: https://github.com/5digits/dactyl
[65]: https://mpv.io/
[66]: https://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/
[67]: http://moc.daper.net/
[68]: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/moc-pulse/
[69]: https://hookrace.net/public/linux-desktop/moc.png
[70]: https://github.com/libfuse/sshfs
[71]: https://www.qemu.org/
[72]: http://www.mingw.org/
[73]: https://github.com/tpoechtrager/osxcross
[74]: https://github.com/ddnet/ddnet-scripts/blob/master/ddnet-release.sh
[75]: https://github.com/ddnet/ddnet-scripts/blob/master/ddnet-lib-update.sh
[76]: https://github.com/def-/rrb/blob/master/rrb
[77]: https://github.com/def-/rrb/blob/master/config.example
[78]: mailto:dennis@felsin9.de
[79]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18979731

102
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Olive is a new Open Source Video Editor Aiming to Take On Biggies Like Final Cut Pro)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/olive-video-editor)
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
Olive is a new Open Source Video Editor Aiming to Take On Biggies Like Final Cut Pro
======
[Olive][1] is a new open source video editor under development. This non-linear video editor aims to provide a free alternative to high-end professional video editing software. Too high an aim? I think so.
If you have read our [list of best video editors for Linux][2], you might have noticed that most of the ‘professional-grade’ video editors such as [Lightworks][3] or DaVinciResolve are neither free nor open source.
[Kdenlive][4] and Shotcut are there but they don’t often meet the standards of professional video editing (that’s what many Linux users have expressed).
This gap between the hobbyist and professional video editors prompted the developer(s) of Olive to start this project.
![Olive Video Editor][5]Olive Video Editor Interface
There is a detailed [review of Olive on Libre Graphics World][6]. Actually, this is where I came to know about Olive first. You should read the article if you are interested in knowing more about it.
### Installing Olive Video Editor in Linux
Let me remind you. Olive is in the early stages of development. You’ll find plenty of bugs and missing/incomplete features. You should not treat it as your main video editor just yet.
If you want to test Olive, there are several ways to install it on Linux.
#### Install Olive in Ubuntu-based distributions via PPA
You can install Olive via its official PPA in Ubuntu, Mint and other Ubuntu-based distributions.
```
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:olive-editor/olive-editor
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install olive-editor
```
#### Install Olive via Snap
If your Linux distribution supports Snap, you can use the command below to install it.
```
sudo snap install --edge olive-editor
```
#### Install Olive via Flatpak
If your [Linux distribution supports Flatpak][7], you can install Olive video editor via Flatpak.
#### Use Olive via AppImage
Don’t want to install it? Download the [AppImage][8] file, set it as executable and run it.
Both 32-bit and 64-bit AppImage files are available. You should download the appropriate file.
Olive is also available for Windows and macOS. You can get it from their [download page][9].
### Want to support the development of Olive video editor?
If you like what Olive is trying to achieve and want to support it, here are a few ways you can do that.
If you are testing Olive and find some bugs, please report it on their GitHub repository.
If you are a programmer, go and check out the source code of Olive and see if you could help the project with your coding skills.
Contributing to projects financially is another way you can help the development of open source software. You can support Olive monetarily by becoming a patron.
If you don’t have either the money or coding skills to support Olive, you could still help it. Share this article or Olive’s website on social media or in Linux/software related forums and groups you frequent. A little word of mouth should help it indirectly.
### What do you think of Olive?
It’s too early to judge Olive. I hope that the development continues rapidly and we have a stable release of Olive by the end of the year (if I am not being overly optimistic).
What do you think of Olive? Do you agree with the developer’s aim of targeting the pro-users? What features would you like Olive to have?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/olive-video-editor
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.olivevideoeditor.org/
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/best-video-editing-software-linux/
[3]: https://www.lwks.com/
[4]: https://kdenlive.org/en/
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/olive-video-editor-interface.jpg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
[6]: http://libregraphicsworld.org/blog/entry/introducing-olive-new-non-linear-video-editor
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/
[8]: https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/
[9]: https://www.olivevideoeditor.org/download.php
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/olive-video-editor-interface.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1

2
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: translator: (HankChow)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )

4
sources/tech/20190207 How to determine how much memory is installed, used on Linux systems.md
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: translator: (leommxj)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ via: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3336174/linux/how-much-memory-is-insta
作者：[Sandra Henry-Stocker][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
译者：[leommxj](https://github.com/leommxj)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: ( )
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )

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每个 Linux 平台上的玩家都从不想要的恼人经历
============================================================
[![Linux 平台上玩家的问题](https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg)][10]
[在 Linux 平台上玩游戏][12] 已经走了很远，现在有专门的 [Linux 游戏型发行版]。但是这不意味着在 Linux 上打游戏的感觉和在 Windows 上一样顺畅。
为了确保我们和 Windows 用户同样地享受游戏，什么是我们应该考虑的困难呢？
[Wine][14]，[PlayOnLinux][15] 和其它类似软件不总是能够玩所有流行的 Windows 游戏。在这篇文章里，我想讨论一下为了拥有一个最好的 Linux 游戏体验所必须处理好的若干因素。
### #1 SteamOS 是一个开源平台，Steam for Linux 并不是
正如 [StemOS 主页][16]所说， 即便 SteamOS 是一个开源平台，Steam for Linux 仍然是专有的。如果 Steam for Linux 也开源，那么它从开源社区得到的支持将会是巨大的。既然它不是，那么 [Ascension 计划的诞生自然是不可避免的][17]：
[video](https://youtu.be/07UiS5iAknA)
Ascension 计划是一个开源的能够启动从任何平台购买、下载的游戏的游戏启动器。这些游戏可以是 Steam 平台的，[Origin 游戏]平台的，Uplay 平台的，以及直接从游戏开发者主页或者从 DVD、CD-ROM 拷下来的。
这是 Ascension 计划如何开始的：[头脑风暴][19]激发了一场与游戏社区读者之间有趣的讨论，在这场讨论中读者们纷纷发表自己的观点并给出建议。
### #2 与 Windows 平台的性能比较
在 Linux 平台上运行 Windows 游戏并不总是一件轻松的任务。但是感谢一个叫做 [CSMT][20]（多线程命令流）的特性，尽管离 Windows 级别的性能还有相当长的路要走，PlayOnLinux 现在依旧可以更好地解决这些性能方面的问题。
原生态 Linux 对游戏的支持在过去发行的游戏中从未如人意。
去年，有报道说 SteamOS 比 Windows 在游戏方面的表现要[差得多][21]。古墓丽影去年在 SteamOS 及 Steam for Linux 上发行，然而基准测试的结果与 Windows 上的性能无法抗衡。
[视频](https://youtu.be/nkWUBRacBNE)
这明显是因为游戏是基于 [DirectX][23] 而不是 [OpenGL][24] 开发的缘故。
古墓丽影是[第一个使用 TressFX 的游戏][25]。这个视频包涵了 TressFX 的比较：
[视频](https://youtu.be/-IeY5ZS-LlA)
下面是另一个有趣的比较，它显示出使用 Wine+CSMT 带来的游戏性能比 Steam 上原生的 Linux 版游戏带来的游戏性能要好得多！这就是开源的力量！
[推荐阅读：一个新 Linux 操作系统 "OSu"，力争成为 Arch Linux 世界中的 Ubuntu][26]
[视频](https://youtu.be/sCJkC6oJ08A)
以防 FPS 损失，TressFX 已经被关闭。
以下是另一个有关在 Linux 上最新发布的 “[Life is Strange][27]”在 Linux 与 Windows上的比较：
[视频](https://youtu.be/Vlflu-pIgIY)
[_Steam for Linux_][28] 开始在这个游戏上展示出比 Windows 更好的游戏性能，这是一件好事。
在发布任何 Linux 版的游戏前，开发者应该考虑优化游戏，特别是基于 DirectX 并需要 OpenGL转换的游戏。我们十分希望[ Linux 上的杀出重围：人类分裂][29] 在正式发行时能有一个好的基准测试结果。由于它是基于 DirectX的游戏，我们希望它能良好地移植到 Linux 上。以下是[游戏执行总监不得不说的话][30]。
### #3 专有的 NVIDIA 驱动
相比于 [NVIDIA][32]，[AMD 对于开源的支持][31]绝对是值得称赞的。尽管 [AMD][33] 因其更好的开源驱动在 Linux 上的驱动支持挺不错，NVIDIA 显卡用户由于开源版本的 NVIDIA 显卡驱动 “Nouveau” 有限的能力，仍不得不用专有的 NVIDIA 驱动。
在过去，传奇般的 Linus Torvalds 同样分享了他关于“来自 NIVIDIA 的 Linux 支持完全不可接受”的想法。
[视频](https://youtu.be/O0r6Pr_mdio)
你可以在这里观看完整的[讲话][35]，尽管 NVIDIA 用 [承诺更好的 Linux 平台支持][36]作为回复，开源显卡驱动仍如之前一样毫无起色。
### #4 需要 Uplay 和 Origin 在 Linux 平台上的 DRM 支持
[视频](https://youtu.be/rc96NFwyxWU)
以上的视频描述了如何在 Linux 上安装 [Uplay][37] DRM。上传者还建议使用 Wine 作为 Linux 上的主要的应用和游戏支持软件并不推荐。相反，使用原生的应用更值得鼓励。
以下视频是一个关于如何在 Linux 上安装 [Origin][38] DRM 的教程。
[视频](https://youtu.be/ga2lNM72-Kw)
数字版权管理软件给游戏运行又加了一层阻碍，使得在 Linux 上良好运行 Windows 游戏这一本就充满挑战性的任务更有难度。因此除了使游戏能够运行之外，W.I.N.E 不得不同时负责运行像 Uplay 或 Origin 之类的 DRM 软件。如果能像 Steam 一样，Linux 也能够有自己原生版本的 Uplay 和 Origin 那就好了。
[推荐阅读：Linux 基金会会长称 2017 是 Linux 桌面之年......尽管他自己正使用苹果的 macOS][39]
### #5 DirectX 11 对于 Linux 的支持
尽管我们在 Linux 平台上有可以运行 Windows 应用的工具，每个游戏为了能在 Linux 上运行都带有自己的配套插件需求。尽管去年通过 Code Weavers 有一篇关于 [DirectX 11 对于 Linux 的支持][40] 的公告，在 Linux 上畅玩新发大作仍是长路漫漫。现在你可以[从 Codweavers 购买 Crossover][41] 以获得可得到的最佳 DirectX 11 支持。这个在 Arch Linux 论坛上的[频道][42]清楚展现了将这个梦想成真需要多少的努力。以下是一个 [Reddit 频道][44] 上的有趣[发现][43]。这个发现提到了[来自 Codeweavers 的 DirectX 11 补丁][45]，现在看来这无疑是好消息。
### #6 100%的 Steam 游戏在 Linux 上无法获得
随着 Linux 游戏玩家持续错过每一款主要游戏的发行，这是需要考虑的一个重点，因为大部分主要游戏都在 Windows 上发行。以下是[如何在 Linux 上安装 Windows 版的 Steam 的教程][46]。
### #7 游戏发行商对OpenGL更好的支持
目前开发者和发行商主要着眼于 DirectX 而不是 OpenGL 来开发游戏。现在随着 Steam 正式登录 Linux，开发者应该同样考虑在 OpenGL 下开发。
[Direct3D][47] 仅仅是为了 Windows 平台打造。而 OpenGL API 拥有开放性标准，并且它不仅能在 Windows 上同样也能在其它各种各样的平台上实现。
尽管是一篇很老的文章，[这个很有价值的资源][48]分享了许多有关 OpenGL 和 DirectX 现状的很有想法的信息。所提出的观点确实十分明智，基于按时间排序的事件给予读者启迪。
在 Linux 平台上发布大作的发行商绝不应该忽视一个事实：在 OpenGL 下直接开发游戏要比从 DirectX 移植到 OpenGL 合算得多。如果不得不转换平台，移植必须被仔细优化并谨慎研究。发布游戏可能会有延迟但这绝对值得。
有更多的烦恼要分享？务必在评论区让我们知道。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/
作者：[Avimanyu Bandyopadhyay ][a]
译者：[tomjlw](https://github.com/tomjlw)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
[1]:https://itsfoss.com/author/avimanyu/
[2]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/#comments
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[6]:https://www.linkedin.com/cws/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fitsfoss.com%2Flinux-gaming-problems%2F%3Futm_source%3DlinkedIn%26utm_medium%3Dsocial%26utm_campaign%3DSocialWarfare
[7]:http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&title=Annoying+Experiences+Every+Linux+Gamer+Never+Wanted%21
[8]:https://www.reddit.com/submit?url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&title=Annoying+Experiences+Every+Linux+Gamer+Never+Wanted%21
[9]:https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg
[10]:https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg
[11]:http://pinterest.com/pin/create/bookmarklet/?media=https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Linux-Gaming-Problems.jpg&url=https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-problems/&is_video=false&description=Linux%20gamer%27s%20problem
[12]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
[13]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-distributions/
[14]:https://itsfoss.com/use-windows-applications-linux/
[15]:https://www.playonlinux.com/en/
[16]:http://store.steampowered.com/steamos/
[17]:http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/reddit-users-want-replace-steam-open-source-game-launcher-project-ascension-1498999
[18]:https://www.origin.com/
[19]:https://www.reddit.com/r/pcmasterrace/comments/33xcvm/we_hate_valves_monopoly_over_pc_gaming_why/
[20]:https://github.com/wine-compholio/wine-staging/wiki/CSMT
[21]:http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/11/ars-benchmarks-show-significant-performance-hit-for-steamos-gaming/
[22]:https://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/tomb-raider-benchmark-video-comparison-linux-vs-windows-10.7138
[23]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DirectX
[24]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL
[25]:https://www.gamingonlinux.com/articles/tomb-raider-released-for-linux-video-thoughts-port-report-included-the-first-linux-game-to-use-tresfx.7124
[26]:https://itsfoss.com/osu-new-linux/
[27]:http://lifeisstrange.com/
[28]:https://itsfoss.com/install-steam-ubuntu-linux/
[29]:https://itsfoss.com/deus-ex-mankind-divided-linux/
[30]:http://wccftech.com/deus-ex-mankind-divided-director-console-ports-on-pc-is-disrespectful/
[31]:http://developer.amd.com/tools-and-sdks/open-source/
[32]:http://nvidia.com/
[33]:http://amd.com/
[34]:http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/open-source-amd-graphics-now-awesome-heres-get/
[35]:https://youtu.be/MShbP3OpASA
[36]:https://itsfoss.com/nvidia-optimus-support-linux/
[37]:http://uplay.com/
[38]:http://origin.com/
[39]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-foundation-head-uses-macos/
[40]:http://www.pcworld.com/article/2940470/hey-gamers-directx-11-is-coming-to-linux-thanks-to-codeweavers-and-wine.html
[41]:https://itsfoss.com/deal-run-windows-software-and-games-on-linux-with-crossover-15-66-off/
[42]:https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=214771
[43]:https://ghostbin.com/paste/sy3e2
[44]:https://www.reddit.com/r/linux_gaming/comments/3ap3uu/directx_11_support_coming_to_codeweavers/
[45]:https://www.codeweavers.com/about/blogs/caron/2015/12/10/directx-11-really-james-didnt-lie
[46]:https://itsfoss.com/linux-gaming-guide/
[47]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct3D
[48]:http://blog.wolfire.com/2010/01/Why-you-should-use-OpenGL-and-not-DirectX

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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: ( )
[#]: publisher: ( )
[#]: url: ( )
[#]: subject: (Olive is a new Open Source Video Editor Aiming to Take On Biggies Like Final Cut Pro)
[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/olive-video-editor)
[#]: author: (Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/)
Olive 是一个新的开源视频编辑器，一款类似 Final Cut Pro 的工具
======
[Olive][1] 是一个正在开发的新开源视频编辑器。这个非线性视频编辑器旨在提供高端专业视频编辑软件的免费替代品。目标高么？我认为是的。
如果你读过我们的 [Linux 中的最佳视频编辑器][2]这篇文章，你可能已经注意到大多数“专业级”视频编辑器（如 [Lightworks][3] 或 DaVinciResolve）既不免费也不开源。
[Kdenlive][4] 和 Shotcut 也出现在了文章中，但它通常无法达到专业视频编辑的标准（这是许多 Linux 用户说的）。
爱好者和专业视频编辑之间的这种差距促使 Olive 的开发人员启动了这个项目。
![Olive Video Editor][5]Olive Video Editor Interface
Libre Graphics World 中有一篇详细的[关于 Olive 的评论][6]。实际上，这是我第一次知道 Olive 的地方。如果你有兴趣了解更多信息，请阅读该文章。
### 在 Linux 中安装 Olive 视频编辑器
提醒你一下。Olive 正处于发展的早期阶段。你会发现很多 bug 和缺失/不完整的功能。你不应该把它当作你的主要视频编辑器。
如果你想测试 Olive，有几种方法可以在 Linux 上安装它。
#### 通过 PPA 在基于 Ubuntu 的发行版中安装 Olive
你可以在 Ubuntu、Mint 和其他基于 Ubuntu 的发行版使用官方 PPA 安装 Olive。
```
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:olive-editor/olive-editor
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install olive-editor
```
#### 通过 Snap 安装 Olive
如果你的 Linux 发行版支持 Snap，则可以使用以下命令进行安装。
```
sudo snap install --edge olive-editor
```
#### 通过 Flatpak 安装 Olive
如果你的 [Linux 发行版支持 Flatpak][7]，你可以通过 Flatpak 安装 Olive 视频编辑器。
#### 通过 AppImage 使用 Olive
不想安装吗？下载 [AppImage][8] 文件，将其设置为可执行文件并运行它。
32 位和 64 位 AppImage 文件都有。你应该下载相应的文件。
Olive 也可用于 Windows 和 macOS。你可以从它的[下载页面][9]获得它。
### 想要支持 Olive 视频编辑器的开发吗？
如果你喜欢 Olive 尝试实现的功能，并且想要支持它，那么你可以通过以下几种方式。
如果你在测试 Olive 时发现一些 bug，请到它们的 GitHub 仓库中报告。
如果你是程序员，请浏览 Olive 的源代码，看看你是否可以通过编码技巧帮助项目。
在经济上为项目做贡献是另一种可以帮助开发开源软件的方法。你可以通过成为赞助人来支持 Olive。
如果你没有支持 Olive 的金钱或编码技能，你仍然可以帮助它。在社交媒体或你经常访问的 Linux/软件相关论坛和群组中分享这篇文章或 Olive 的网站。一点微小的口碑都能间接地帮助它。
### 你如何看待 Olive？
评判 Olive 还为时过早。我希望能够持续快速开发，并且在年底之前发布 Olive 的稳定版（如果我没有过于乐观的话）。
你如何看待 Olive？你是否认同开发人员针对专业用户的目标？你希望 Olive 拥有哪些功能？
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://itsfoss.com/olive-video-editor
作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
选题：[lujun9972][b]
译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.olivevideoeditor.org/
[2]: https://itsfoss.com/best-video-editing-software-linux/
[3]: https://www.lwks.com/
[4]: https://kdenlive.org/en/
[5]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/olive-video-editor-interface.jpg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
[6]: http://libregraphicsworld.org/blog/entry/introducing-olive-new-non-linear-video-editor
[7]: https://itsfoss.com/flatpak-guide/
[8]: https://itsfoss.com/use-appimage-linux/
[9]: https://www.olivevideoeditor.org/download.php
[10]: https://i0.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/olive-video-editor-interface.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1