mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2025-01-25 23:11:02 +08:00
Merge remote-tracking branch 'LCTT/master'
This commit is contained in:
wxy
commit
8fc5a3529f
@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
|
||||
可以运行在 Windows 10 中的最实用的 Linux 命令
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
在本系列早先的文章中，我们讨论了关于如何在 [Windows 10 上开启 WSL 之旅][1] 的内容。作为本系列的最后一篇文章，我们准备探讨一些能在 Windows 10 上广泛使用的 Linux 命令。
|
||||
|
||||
话题深入之前，请先让我们明确本教程所适用的人群。本文适用于使用 Windows 10 系统，但是又想在 Azure、AWS 或是私有云平台上学习 Linux 的初级开发者。换句话说，就是为了帮助初次接触 Linux 系统的 Windows 10 用户。
|
||||
|
||||
您的工作任务决定了您所需要的命令，而我的需求可能和您的不一样。本文旨在帮助您在 Windwos 10 上舒服的使用 Linux。不过请牢记，WSL 并不提供硬件访问的功能，比如声卡、GPU，至少官方是这么描述的。但是这可能并不能阻止 Linux 用户的折腾精神。很多用户不仅完成了硬件访问，甚至已经在 Windows 10 上安装上了 Linux 桌面程序。但是本文并不会涉及这些内容，我们可能会讨论这些，但不是现在。
|
||||
|
||||
下面是我们需要着手的任务。
|
||||
|
||||
### 如何让您的 Linux 系统保持到最新的版本
|
||||
|
||||
因为 Linux 运行在了 Windows 系统中，所以您将被剥夺 Linux 系统所提供的所有安全特性。另外，如果不及时给 Linux 系统打补丁，你的 Windows 设备将被迫暴露在外界威胁中，所以还请保持您的 Linux 为最新版本。
|
||||
|
||||
WSL 官方支持 openSUSE/SUSE Linux Enterprise 和 Ubuntu。您也可以安装其他发行版，但是我只需要它们当中的二者之一就可以完成我的所有工作，毕竟，我只需要访问一些 Linux 基础程序。
|
||||
|
||||
**更新 openSUSE Leap：**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo zypper up
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果您想升级系统，您可以运行下面的命令：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo zypper dup
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**更新 Ubuntu：**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get update
|
||||
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这样你就安全了，由于 Linux 系统的更新是渐进式的，所以更新系统成为了我的日常。不像 Windows 10 的更新通常需要重启系统，而 Linux 不同，一般只有 KB 或是 MB 级的更新，无需重启。
|
||||
|
||||
### 管理文件目录
|
||||
|
||||
系统更新之后，我们来看看一些或普通或不太普通的任务。
|
||||
|
||||
系统更新之外的第二重要的任务是使用 Linux 管理本地和远程文件。我承认我更青睐图形界面程序，但是终端能提供更可靠、更有价值的服务。要不你使用资源管理器移动 1 TB 的文件试试？我通常使用 `rsync` 命令来移动大量文件。如果中断任务，`rsync` 可以在上次停止的位置继续工作。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然您可能更习惯使用 `cp` 或是 `mv` 命令复制、移动文件，但是我还是喜欢灵活的 `rsync` 命令，了解 `rsync` 对远程文件传输也有帮助。使用 `rsync` 大半为了完成下面三个任务：
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 复制整个目录：**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync -avzP /source-directory /destination directory
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 移动文件：**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync --remove-source-files -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在成功复制目标目录之后，此命令将删除源文件。
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 同步文件：**
|
||||
|
||||
我的文件可能在多处存储。但是，我只会在主要位置中增加或是删除。如果不使用专业的软件，同步文件可能会给用户带来挑战，而 `rsync` 刚好可以简化这个过程。这个命令可以让两个目录文件内容同步。不过要注意，这是一个单向同步，即从源位置同步到目标位置。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync --delete -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果源目录中没有找到文件，上述命令将删除目标目录中的文件。换言之，它创建了源目录的一个镜像。
|
||||
|
||||
### 文件自动备份
|
||||
|
||||
保持文件备份是一项乏味的工作。为了保持我的设备的完全同步，我运行了一个 cron 作业在夜间保持我的所有目录同步。不过我会留一个外部驱动器，基本上每周我都会手动同步一次。由于可能删掉我不想删除的文件，所以我并没有使用 `--delete` 选项。我会根据情况手动决定是否使用这个选项。
|
||||
|
||||
**创建 cron 作业，打开 crontab：**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
crontab -e
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
移动大文件时，我会选择在系统空闲的深夜执行该命令。此命令将在每天早上 1 点运行，您大概可以这样修改它：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# 0 1 * * * rsync -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这是使用 crontab 的定时作业的命令结构：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
# m h dom mon dow command
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在此，`m` = 分钟，`h` = 小时，`dom` = 本月的某天，`mon` = 月，`dow` = 本周的某天。
|
||||
|
||||
我们将在每天早上 1 点运行这条命令。您可以选择 `dow` 或是 `dom`（比如，每月 5 号）等。您可以在 [这里][2] 阅读更多相关内容。
|
||||
|
||||
### 管理远程服务器
|
||||
|
||||
在 Windows 系统上使用 WSL 的优势之一就是能方便管理云上的 Linux 服务器，WSL 能提供原生的 Linux 工具给您。首先，您需要使用 `ssh` 命令登录远程 Linux 服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
比如，我的服务器 ip 是 192.168.0.112；端口为 2018（不是默认的 22 端口）；Linux 用户名是 swapnil，密码是 “就不告诉你”。
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
ssh -p2018 swapnil@192.168.0.112
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
它会向您询问用户密码，然后您就可以登录到 Linux 服务器了。现在您可以在 Linux 服务器上执行任意您想执行的所有操作了。不需使用 PuTTY 程序了。
|
||||
|
||||
使用 `rsync` ，您可以很轻易的在本地机器和远程机器之间传输文件。源目录还是目标目录取决于您是上传文件到服务器，还是下载文件到本地目录，您可以使用 `username@IP-address-of-server:/path-of-directory` 来指定目录。
|
||||
|
||||
如果我想复制一些文本内容到服务器的 home 目录，命令如下：
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync -avzP /source-directory-on-local-machine ‘ssh -p2018’ swapnil@192.168.0.112:/home/swapnil/Documents/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这将会复制这些文件到远程服务器中 `Documents` 目录。
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
本教程主要是为了证明您可以在 Windows 10 系统上通过 WSL 完成 Linux 方面的很大一部分的任务。通常来说，它提高了生产效率。现在，Linux 的世界已经向 Windwos 10 系统张开怀抱了，尽情探索吧。如果您有任何疑问，或是想了解 WSL 涉及到的其他层面，欢迎在下方的评论区分享您的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
在 [Administering Linux on Azure (LFS205)][4] 课程中了解更多，可以在 [这里][5] 注册。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/3/most-useful-linux-commands-you-can-run-windows-10
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[SAPNIL BHARTIYA][a]
|
||||
译者：[CYLeft](https://github.com/CYLeft)
|
||||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/arnieswap
|
||||
[1]:https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/2/how-get-started-using-wsl-windows-10
|
||||
[2]:http://www.adminschoice.com/crontab-quick-reference
|
||||
[3]:mailto:username@IP
|
||||
[4]:https://training.linuxfoundation.org/linux-courses/system-administration-training/administering-linux-on-azure
|
||||
[5]:http://bit.ly/2FpFtPg
|
||||
56
sources/talk/20180323 7 steps to DevOps hiring success.md
Normal file
56
sources/talk/20180323 7 steps to DevOps hiring success.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
|
||||
7 steps to DevOps hiring success
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
As many of us in the DevOps scene know, most companies are hiring, or, at least, trying to do so. The required skills and job descriptions can change entirely from company to company. As a broad overview, most teams are looking for a candidate from either an operations and infrastructure background or someone from a software engineering and development background, then combined with key skills relating to continuous integration, configuration management, continuous delivery/deployment, and cloud infrastructure. Currently in high-demand is knowledge of container orchestration.
|
||||
|
||||
In the ideal world, the two backgrounds will meet somewhere in the middle to form Dev and Ops, but in most cases, there is a lean toward one side or the other while maintaining sufficient skills to understand the needs and demands of their counterparts to work collaboratively and achieve the end goal of continuous delivery/deployment. Every company is different and there isn’t necessarily a right or wrong here. It all depends on your infrastructure, tech stack, other team members’ skills, and the individual goals you hope to achieve by hiring this individual.
|
||||
|
||||
### Focus your hiring
|
||||
|
||||
Now, given the various routes to becoming a DevOps practitioner, how do hiring managers focus their search and selection process to ensure that they’re hitting the mark?
|
||||
|
||||
#### Decide on the background
|
||||
|
||||
Assess the strengths of your existing team. Do you already have some amazing software engineers but you’re lacking the infrastructure knowledge? Aim to close these gaps in skills. You may have been given the budget to hire for DevOps, but you don’t have to spend weeks/months searching for the best software engineer who happens to use Docker and Kubernetes because they are the current hot trends in this space. Find the person who will provide the most value in your environment and go from there.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Contractor or permanent employee?
|
||||
|
||||
Many hiring managers will automatically start searching for a full-time permanent employee when their needs may suggest that they have other options. Sometimes a contractor is your best bet or maybe contract-hire. If you’re aiming to design, implement and build a new DevOps environment, why not find a senior person who has done this a number of times already? Try hiring a senior contractor and bring on a junior full-time hire in parallel; this way, you’ll be able to retain the external contractor knowledge by having them work alongside the junior hire. Contractors can be expensive, but the knowledge they bring can be invaluable, especially if the work can be completed over a shorter time frame. Again, this is just another point of view and you might be best off with a full-time hire to grow the team.
|
||||
|
||||
#### CTRL F is not the solution
|
||||
|
||||
Focus on their understanding of DevOps and CI/CD-related processes over specific tools. I believe the best approach is to focus on finding someone who understands the methodologies over the tools. Does your candidate understand the concept of continuous integration or the concept of continuous delivery? That’s more important than asking whether your candidate uses Jenkins versus Bamboo versus TeamCity and so on. Try not to get caught up in the exact tool chain. The focus should be on the candidates’ ability to solve problems. Are they obsessed with increasing efficiency, saving time, automating manual processes and constantly searching for flaws in the system? They might be the person you were looking for, but you missed them because you didn’t see the word "Puppet" on the resume.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Work closely with your internal talent acquisition team and/or an external recruiter
|
||||
|
||||
Be clear and precise with what you’re looking for and have an ongoing, open communication with recruiters. They can and will help you if used effectively. The job of these recruiters is to save you time by sourcing candidates while you’re focusing on your day-to-day role. Work closely with them and deliver in the same way that you would expect them to deliver for you. If you say you will review a candidate by X time, do it. If they say they’ll have a candidate in your inbox by Y time, make sure they do it, too. Start by setting up an initial call to talk through your requirement, lay out a timeline in which you expect candidates by a specific time, and explain your process in terms of when you will interview, how many interview rounds, and how soon after you will be able to make a final decision on whether to offer or reject the candidates. If you can get this relationship working well, you’ll save lots of time. And make sure your internal teams are focused on supporting your process, not blocking it.
|
||||
|
||||
#### $$$
|
||||
|
||||
Decide how much you want to pay. It’s not all about the money, but you can waste a lot of your and other people’s time if you don’t lock down the ballpark salary or hourly rate that you can afford. If your budget doesn’t stretch as far as your competitors’, you need to consider what else can help sell the opportunity. Flexible working hours and remote working options are some great ways to do this. Most companies have snacks, beer, and cool offices nowadays, so focus on the real value such as the innovative work your team is doing and how awesome your game-changing product might be.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Drop the ego
|
||||
|
||||
You may have an amazing company and/or product, but you also have some hot competition. Everyone is hiring in this space and candidates have a lot of the buying power. It is no longer as simple as saying, "We are hiring" and the awesome candidates come flowing in. You need to sell your opportunities. Maintaining a reputation as a great place to work is also important. A poor hiring process, such as interviewing without giving feedback, can contribute to bad rumors being spread across the industry. It only takes a few minutes to leave a sour review on Glassdoor.
|
||||
|
||||
#### A smooth process is a successful One
|
||||
|
||||
"Let’s get every single person within the company to do a one-hour interview with the new DevOps person we are hiring!" No, let’s not do that. Two or three stages should be sufficient. You have managers and directors for a reason. Trust your instinct and use your experience to make decisions on who will fit into your organization. Some of the most successful companies can do one phone screen followed by an in-person meeting. During the in-person interview, spend a morning or afternoon allowing the candidate to meet the relevant leaders and senior members of their direct team, then take them for lunch, dinner, or drinks where you can see how they are on a social level. If you can’t have a simple conversation with them, then you probably won’t enjoy working with them. If the thumbs are up, make the hire and don’t wait around. A good candidate will usually have numerous offers on the table at the same time.
|
||||
|
||||
If all goes well, you should be inviting your shiny new employee or contractor into the office in the next few weeks and hopefully many more throughout the year.
|
||||
|
||||
This article was originally published on [DevOps.com][1] and republished with author permission.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/3/7-steps-devops-hiring-success
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Conor Delanbanque][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/cdelanbanque
|
||||
[1]:https://devops.com/7-steps-devops-hiring-success/
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
|
||||
pinewall Translating
|
||||
How to tell when moving to blockchain is a bad idea
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
So, there's this thing called "blockchain" that is quite popular…
|
||||
|
||||
You know that already, of course. I keep wondering whether we've hit "peak hype" for blockchain and related technologies yet, but so far there's no sign of it. When I'm talking about blockchain here, I'm including distributed ledger technologies (DLTs), which are, by some tight definitions of the term, not really blockchains at all. I'm particularly interested, from a professional point of view, in permissioned blockchains. You can read more about how that's defined in my article [Is blockchain a security topic?][1] The key point here is that I'm interested in business applications of blockchain beyond cryptocurrency.1
|
||||
|
||||
And, if the hype is to be believed—and some of it probably should be2—then there is an almost infinite set of applications for blockchain. That's probably correct, but it doesn't mean all of them are good applications for blockchain. Some, in fact, are likely to be very bad applications for blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
The hype associated with blockchain, however, means that businesses are rushing to embrace this new technology3 without really understanding what they're doing. The drivers towards this are arguably three-fold:
|
||||
|
||||
1. You can, if you try, make almost any application with multiple users that stores data into a blockchain-enabled application.
|
||||
2. There are lots of conferences and "gurus" telling people that if they don't embrace blockchain now, they'll go out of business within six months4.
|
||||
3. It's not easy technology to understand fully, and lots of its proponents "on-the-ground" in organisations are techies.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
I want to unpack that last statement before I get a hail of trolls flaming me.5 I have nothing against techies—I'm one myself—but one of our characteristics tends to be enormous enthusiasm about new things ("shinies") that we understand, but whose impact on the business we don't always fully grok.6 That's not always a positive for business leaders.
|
||||
|
||||
The danger, then, is that the confluence of those three drivers may lead to businesses moving to blockchain applications without fully understanding whether it's a good idea. I wrote in another post ([Blockchain: should we all play?][2]) about some tests to decide when a process is a good fit for blockchain and when it's not. They were useful, but the more I think about it, the more I'm convinced that we need some simple tests to tell us when we should definitely not move a process or an application to a blockchain. I present my three tests. If your answer to any of these questions is "yes," then you almost certainly don't need a blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
### Test 1: Does it have a centralised controller or authority?
|
||||
|
||||
If the answer is "yes," then you don't need a blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
If, for instance, you're selling, I don't know, futons, and you have a single ordering system, then you have a single authority for deciding when to send out a futon. You almost certainly don't need to make this a blockchain. If you are a purveyor of content that has to pass through a single editorial and publishing process, you almost certainly don't need to make this a blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
The lesson is: Blockchains really don't make sense unless the tasks required in the process execution—and the trust associated with those tasks—is distributed among multiple entities.
|
||||
|
||||
### Test 2: Could it work fine with a standard database?
|
||||
|
||||
If the answer to this question is "yes," then you don't need a blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
This and the previous question are somewhat intertwined but don't need to be. There are applications where you have distributed processes but need to store information centrally, or you have centralised authorities but distributed data, where one answer may be "yes" and the other is "no." But if your answer to this question is "yes," use a standard database.
|
||||
|
||||
Databases are good at what they do, they are cheaper in terms of design and operations than running a blockchain or distributed ledger, and we know how to make them work. Blockchains are about letting everybody8 see and hold data, but the overheads can be high and the implications costly.
|
||||
|
||||
### Test 3: Is adoption going to be costly or annoying to some stakeholders?
|
||||
|
||||
If the answer to this question is "yes," then you don't need a blockchain.
|
||||
|
||||
I've heard assertions that blockchains always benefit all users. This is patently false. If you are creating an application for a process and changing the way your stakeholders interact with you and it, you need to consider whether that change is in their best interests. It's very easy to create and introduce an application, blockchain or not, that reduces business friction for the owner of the process but increases it for other stakeholders.
|
||||
|
||||
If I make engine parts for the automotive industry, it may benefit me immensely to be able to track and manage the parts on a blockchain. I may be able to see at a glance who supplied what, when, and the quality of the steel used in the (for example) ball bearings I buy. On the other hand, if I'm a ball-bearing producer with an established process that works for the 40 other companies to whom I sell ball bearings, adopting a new process for one company—with associated changes to my method of work, systems, storage, and security requirements—is unlikely to be in my best interests. It's going to be both costly and annoying.
|
||||
|
||||
### In summary
|
||||
|
||||
Tests are guidelines; they're not fixed in stone. One of these tests looks like a technical test (the database one), but it's really as much about business roles and responsibilities as the other two. All of them, hopefully, can be used as a counterbalance to the three drivers of blockchain adoption I mentioned.
|
||||
|
||||
1\. Which, don't get me wrong, is definitely interesting and a business application—it's just not what I'm going to talk about in this post.
|
||||
|
||||
2\. The trick is knowing which bits. Let me know if you work out how, OK?
|
||||
|
||||
3\. It's actually quite a large set of technologies, to be honest.
|
||||
|
||||
4\. Which is patently untrue, unless the word "they" refers to the conferences and gurus, in which case it's probably correct.
|
||||
|
||||
5\. Which may happen anyway due to my egregious mixing of metaphors.
|
||||
|
||||
6\. There's a word to love. I've put it in to exhibit my techie credentials.7
|
||||
|
||||
7\. And before you doubt them, yes, I've read the book, in both cut and uncut versions.
|
||||
|
||||
8\. Within reason.
|
||||
|
||||
This article originally appeared on [Alice, Eve, and Bob – a security blog][3] and is republished with permission.
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/3/3-tests-not-moving-blockchain
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Mike Bursell][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/mikecamel
|
||||
[1]:https://opensource.com/article/17/12/blockchain-security-topic
|
||||
[2]:https://aliceevebob.com/2017/09/12/blockchain-should-we-all-play/
|
||||
[3]:https://aliceevebob.com/2018/02/13/3-tests-for-not-moving-to-blockchain/
|
||||
78
sources/talk/20180323 Top Linux tools for writers.md
Normal file
78
sources/talk/20180323 Top Linux tools for writers.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||
Top Linux tools for writers
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
If you've read [my article about how I switched to Linux][1], then you know that I’m a superuser. I also stated that I’m not an “expert” on anything. That’s still fair to say. But I have learned many helpful things over the last several years, and I'd like to pass these tips along to other new Linux users.
|
||||
|
||||
Today, I’m going to discuss the tools I use when I write. I based my choices on three criteria:
|
||||
|
||||
1. My main writing tool must be compatible for any publisher when I submit stories or articles.
|
||||
2. The software must be quick and simple to use.
|
||||
3. Free is good.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
There are some wonderful all-in-one free solutions, such as:
|
||||
|
||||
However, I tend to get lost and lose my train of thought when I'm trying to find information, so I opted to go with multiple applications that suit my needs. Also, I don’t want to be reliant on the internet in case service goes down. I set these programs up on my monitor so I can see them all at once.
|
||||
|
||||
Consider the following tools suggestions—everyone works differently, and you might find some other app that better fits the way you work. These tools are current to this writing:
|
||||
|
||||
### Word processor
|
||||
|
||||
[LibreOffice 6.0.1][2]. Until recently, I used [WPS][3], but font-rendering problems (Times New Roman was always in bold format) nixed it. The newest version of LibreOffice adapts to Microsoft Office very nicely, and the fact that it's open source ticks the box for me.
|
||||
|
||||
### Thesaurus
|
||||
|
||||
[Artha][4] gives you synonyms, antonyms, derivatives, and more. It’s clean-looking and fast. Type the word "fast," for example, and you'll get the dictionary definition as well as the other options listed above. Artha is a huge gift to the open source community, and more people should try it as it seems to be one of those obscure little programs. If you’re using Linux, install this application now. You won’t regret it.
|
||||
|
||||
### Note-taking
|
||||
|
||||
[Zim][5] touts itself as a desktop wiki, but it’s also the easiest multi-level note-taking app you’ll find anywhere. There are other, prettier note-taking programs available, but Zim is exactly what I need to manage my characters, locations, plots, and sub-plots.
|
||||
|
||||
### Submission tracking
|
||||
|
||||
I once used a proprietary piece of software called [FileMaker Pro][6], and it spoiled me. There are plenty of database applications out there, but in my opinion the easiest one to use is [Glom][7]. It suits my needs graphically, letting me enter information in a form rather than a table. In Glom, you create the form you need so you can see relevant information instantly (for me, digging through a spreadsheet table to find information is like dragging my eyeballs over shards of glass). Although Glom no longer appears to be in development, it remains relevant.
|
||||
|
||||
### Research
|
||||
|
||||
I’ve begun using [StartPage.com][8] as my default search engine. Sure, [Google][9] can be one of your best friends when you're writing. But I don't like how Google tracks me every time I want to learn about a specific person/place/thing. So I use StartPage.com instead; it's fast and does not track your searches. I also use [DuckDuckGo.com][10] as an alternative to Google.
|
||||
|
||||
### Other tools
|
||||
|
||||
[Chromium Browser][11] is an open source version of [Google Chrome][12], with privacy plugins.
|
||||
|
||||
Though [Thunderbird][13], from [Mozilla][14], is a great program, I find [Geary][15] a much quicker and lighter email app. For more on open source email apps, read [Jason Baker][16]'s excellent article, [Top 6 open source desktop email clients][17].
|
||||
|
||||
As you might have noticed, my taste in apps tends to merge the best of Windows, MacOS, and the open source Linux alternatives mentioned here. I hope these suggestions help you discover helpful new ways to compose (thank you, Artha!) and track your written works.
|
||||
|
||||
Happy writing!
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://opensource.com/article/18/3/top-Linux-tools-for-writers
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Adam Worth][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://opensource.com/users/adamworth
|
||||
[1]:https://opensource.com/article/18/2/my-linux-story-Antergos
|
||||
[2]:https://www.libreoffice.org/
|
||||
[3]:http://wps-community.org/
|
||||
[4]:https://sourceforge.net/projects/artha/
|
||||
[5]:http://zim-wiki.org/
|
||||
[6]:http://www.filemaker.com/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.glom.org/
|
||||
[8]:https://www.startpage.com/
|
||||
[9]:https://www.google.com/
|
||||
[10]:https://duckduckgo.com/
|
||||
[11]:https://www.chromium.org/
|
||||
[12]:https://www.google.com/chrome/
|
||||
[13]:https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/
|
||||
[14]:https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/
|
||||
[15]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Geary
|
||||
[16]:https://opensource.com/users/jason-baker
|
||||
[17]:https://opensource.com/business/18/1/desktop-email-clients
|
||||
@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
|
||||
10 Free Linux Productivity Apps You Haven’t Heard Of
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Productivity apps can really make your work easier. If you are a Linux user, these 10 lesser-known free productivity apps for the Linux desktop can help you.. As a matter of fact, it's possible keen Linux users have heard of all the apps on the list, but for somebody who hasn't gone beyond the main apps, these should be unknown.
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Tomboy/Gnote
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-01-tomboy][1]
|
||||
|
||||
[Tomboy][2] is a simple note-taking app. It's not for Linux only - you can get it for Unix, Windows, and macOS, too. Tomboy is pretty straightforward to use - you write a note, choose whether to make it sticky on your desktop, and delete it when you are done with it.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. MyNotex
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-02-mynotex][3]
|
||||
|
||||
If you want a note-taker with more features but still prefer a small and simple app rather than a huge suite, check [MyNotex][4]. In addition to simple note taking and retrieval, it comes with some nice perks, such as formatting abilities, keyboard shortcuts, and attachments, to name a few. You can also use it as a picture manager.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Trojitá
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-03-trojita][5]
|
||||
|
||||
Though you can live without a desktop email client, if you are used to having one, out of the dozens that are available, try [Trojita][6]. It's good for productivity because it is a fast and lightweight email client, yet it offers all the basics (and more) a good email client must have.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Kontact
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-04-kontact][7]
|
||||
|
||||
A Personal Information Manager (PIM) is a great productivity tool. My personal preferences go to [Kontact][8]. Even though it hasn't been updated in years, it's still a very useful PIM tool to manage emails, address books, calendars, tasks, news feeds, etc. Kontact is a KDE native, but you can use it with other desktops as well.
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Osmo
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-05-osmo][9]
|
||||
|
||||
[Osmo][10] is a much more up-to-date app with calendar, tasks, contacts, and notes functionality. It comes with some perks, such as encrypted private data backup and address locations on the map, as well as great search capabilities for notes, tasks, contacts, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Catfish
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-06-catfish][11]
|
||||
|
||||
You can't be productive without a good searching tool. [Catfish][12] is one of the must-try search tools. It's a GTK+ tool and is very fast and lightweight. Catfish uses autocompletion from Zeitgeist, and you can also filter results by date and type.
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. KOrganizer
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-07-korganizer][13]
|
||||
|
||||
[KOrganizer][14] is the calendar and scheduling component of the Kontact app I mentioned above. If you don't need a full-fledged PIM app but only calendar and scheduling, you can go with KOrganizer instead. KOrganizer offers quick ToDo and quick event entry, as well as attachments for events and todos.
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. Evolution
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-08-evolution][15]
|
||||
|
||||
If you are not a fan of KDE apps but still you need a good PIM, try GNOME's [Evolution][16]. Evolution is not exactly a less popular app you haven't heard of, but since it's useful, it made the list. Maybe you've heard about Evolution as an email client ,but it's much more than this - you can use it to manage calendars, mail, address books and tasks.
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. Freeplane
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-09-freeplane][17]
|
||||
|
||||
I don't know if many of you use mind-mapping software on a daily basis, but if you do, check [Freeplane][18]. This is a free mind mapping and knowledge management software you can use for business or fun. You create notes, arrange them in clouds or charts, set tasks with calendars and reminders, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. Calligra Flow
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-10-calligra-flow][19]
|
||||
|
||||
Finally, if you need a flowchart and diagramming tool, try [Calligra Flow][20]. Think of it as the open source [alternative of Microsoft Visio][21], though Calligra Flow doesn't offer all the perks Visio offers. Still, you can use it to create network diagrams, organization charts, flowcharts and more.
|
||||
|
||||
Productivity tools not only speed up work, but they also make you more organized. I bet there is hardly a person who doesn't use productivity tools in some form. Trying the apps listed here could make you more productive and could make your life at least a bit easier
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/free-linux-productivity-apps-you-havent-heard-of/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ada Ivanova][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/author/adaivanoff/
|
||||
[1]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-01-Tomboy.png (linux-productivity-apps-01-tomboy)
|
||||
[2]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Tomboy
|
||||
[3]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-02-MyNotex.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-02-mynotex)
|
||||
[4]:https://sites.google.com/site/mynotex/
|
||||
[5]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-03-Trojita.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-03-trojita)
|
||||
[6]:http://trojita.flaska.net/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-04-Kontact.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-04-kontact)
|
||||
[8]:https://userbase.kde.org/Kontact
|
||||
[9]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-05-Osmo.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-05-osmo)
|
||||
[10]:http://clayo.org/osmo/
|
||||
[11]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-06-Catfish.png (linux-productivity-apps-06-catfish)
|
||||
[12]:http://www.twotoasts.de/index.php/catfish/
|
||||
[13]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-07-KOrganizer.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-07-korganizer)
|
||||
[14]:https://userbase.kde.org/KOrganizer
|
||||
[15]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-08-Evolution.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-08-evolution)
|
||||
[16]:https://help.gnome.org/users/evolution/3.22/intro-main-window.html.en
|
||||
[17]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-09-Freeplane.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-09-freeplane)
|
||||
[18]:https://www.freeplane.org/wiki/index.php/Home
|
||||
[19]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-10-Calligra-Flow.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-10-calligra-flow)
|
||||
[20]:https://www.calligra.org/flow/
|
||||
[21]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/5-best-free-alternatives-to-microsoft-visio/
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||
Translating By MjSeven
|
||||
|
||||
How to Use DockerHub
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
|
||||
hankchow translating
|
||||
|
||||
Build a bikesharing app with Redis and Python
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
|
||||
How To Find If A CPU Supports Virtualization Technology (VT)
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
We already knew how to [**check if your Linux OS is 32 bit or 64 bit**][1] and how to [**find if your Linux system is physical or virtual machine**][2]. Today, we are going to learn yet another useful topic – how to find if a CPU supports virtualization technology (VT) or not? This should be first thing you might want to verify before installing virtualization applications such as VirtualBox or VMWare workstation to run virtual machines on your Linux system. Now let us go and find out if your computer supports VT or not. Trust me, it is really easy!
|
||||
|
||||
### Find If A CPU Supports Virtualization Technology (VT)
|
||||
|
||||
We can check if the CPU supports VT in several methods. Here I present you four methods.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 1: Using “egrep” command
|
||||
|
||||
**Egrep** is one of the variant of [**Grep**][3] command which is used to search text files with regular expressions. For the purpose of this guide, we are going to grep **/cpu/procinfo/** file to find out if the CPU supports VT or not.
|
||||
|
||||
To find out if your CPU supports VT using egrep command, run:
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ egrep "(svm|vmx)" /proc/cpuinfo
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sample output:**
|
||||
|
||||
You will get either **“vmx”** (Intel-VT technology) or **“svm”** (AMD-V support) in the output.
|
||||
```
|
||||
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer xsave avx lahf_lm epb pti tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid xsaveopt dtherm arat pln pts
|
||||
[...]
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Since the output is very long, you may find it hard to find the words “vmx” or “svm” in the output. No worries! You can distinguish those terms with colors like below.
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ egrep --color -i "svm|vmx" /proc/cpuinfo
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![][5]
|
||||
|
||||
If you don’t get any output, it means that your system doesn’t support virtualization.
|
||||
|
||||
Please note that these CPU flags (vmx or svm) in the cpuinfo means that your system will support VT. In some CPU models, the VT support might be disabled in the BIOS, by default. In such cases, you should check your BIOS settings to enable VT support.
|
||||
|
||||
For more details about grep/egrep command, refer the man pages.
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ man grep
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 2 – Using “lscpu” command
|
||||
|
||||
The “lscpu” command is used to display the information about your CPU architecture. It gathers information from sysfs, /proc/cpuinfo file and displays the number of CPUs, threads, cores, sockets, and Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) nodes of your host system.
|
||||
|
||||
To find out if the VT support is enabled or not, simply run:
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ lscpu
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
![][6]
|
||||
|
||||
For more details, check the man pages.
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ man lscpu
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 3 – Using “Cpu-checker” utility
|
||||
|
||||
**Cpu-checker** is yet another useful utility to test your CPU for virtualization support. As far as I searched on the web, this utility is available for only Ubuntu-based systems. To install it, run:
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install cpu-checker
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Once cpu-checker package is installed, run the following command to check whether VT support is enable or not:
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo kvm-ok
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If your CPU supports VT, you will get the following output:
|
||||
```
|
||||
INFO: /dev/kvm exists
|
||||
KVM acceleration can be used
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If your CPU doesn’t support VT, you will see an output something like below.
|
||||
```
|
||||
INFO: Your CPU does not support KVM extensions
|
||||
KVM acceleration can NOT be used
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### Method 4 – Using “virt-host-validate ” tool
|
||||
|
||||
This tool is specifically for RHEL based distros like CentOS and Scientific Linux. The **libvirt-client** package provides **virt-host-validate** binary. So you need to install “libvert-client” package to use this tool.
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo yum install libvirt-client
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Now, run “virt-host-validate” command to find if VT is enabled or not in your RHEL-based systems.
|
||||
```
|
||||
$ sudo virt-host-validate
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If you get **pass** for all results, your system supports VT.
|
||||
```
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for hardware virtualization : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/vhost-net exists : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking if device /dev/net/tun exists : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller support : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for device assignment IOMMU support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for Linux >= 2.6.26 : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace ipc : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace mnt : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace pid : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace uts : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace net : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for namespace user : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'memory' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpu' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpuacct' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'cpuset' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'devices' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller support : PASS
|
||||
LXC: Checking for cgroup 'blkio' controller mount-point : PASS
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
If your system doesn’t support VT, you will see an output like below.
|
||||
```
|
||||
QEMU: Checking for hardware virtualization : FAIL (Only emulated CPUs are available, performance will be significantly limited)
|
||||
[...]
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
And, that’s all for now folks. In this guide, we have discussed various methods to find if a CPU supports VT or not. As you can see, it was very easy. Hope this was useful. More good stuffs to come. Stay tuned!
|
||||
|
||||
Cheers!
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.ostechnix.com/how-to-find-if-a-cpu-supports-virtualization-technology-vt/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[SK][a]
|
||||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
|
||||
[1]:https://www.ostechnix.com/check-linux-system-32-bit-64-bit/
|
||||
[2]:https://www.ostechnix.com/check-linux-system-physical-virtual-machine/
|
||||
[3]:https://www.ostechnix.com/the-grep-command-tutorial-with-examples-for-beginners/
|
||||
[4]:data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||||
[5]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/cpuinfo.png
|
||||
[6]:http://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/cpuinfo-1-2.png
|
||||
@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
|
||||
translating by amwps290
|
||||
Simple Load Balancing with DNS on Linux
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
|
||||
你从没听过的 10 个免费的 Linux 高效率应用程序
|
||||
=====
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
高效率的应用程序确实可以让你工作变得更轻松。如果你是一位 Linux 用户，这 10 个不太知名的 Linux 桌面应用程序可以帮助到你。事实上，Linux 用户可能已经听说过列表上的所有应用，但对于那些没有超越主流应用的人来说，这些应用是未知的。
|
||||
|
||||
### 1. Tomboy/Gnote
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-01-tomboy][1]
|
||||
|
||||
[Tomboy][2] 是一个简单的便签应用。它不仅仅适用于 Linux，你也可以在 Unix,Windows 和 macOS 上获得它。Tomboy 很容易使用-你写一个便条，选择是否让它粘贴在你的桌面上，当你完成它时删除它。
|
||||
|
||||
### 2. MyNotex
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-02-mynotex][3]
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想要一个更多功能的便签，但是仍喜欢一个小而简单的应用程序，而不是一个巨大的套件，请查看 [MyNotex][4]。除了简单的笔记和检索之外，它还带有一些不错的功能，例如格式化，键盘快捷键和附件等等。你也可以将其用作图片管理器。
|
||||
|
||||
### 3. Trojitá
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-03-trojita][5]
|
||||
|
||||
尽管你可以没有桌面电子右键客户端，但如果你已经习惯了有几十个可用的桌面电子右键客户端，请尝试 [Trojita][6]。这有利于生产力，因为它是一个快速轻量级的电子邮件客户端，但它提供了一个好的电子邮件客户端必须具备的所有功能（以及更多）。
|
||||
|
||||
### 4. Kontact
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-04-kontact][7]
|
||||
|
||||
个人信息管理器 (PIM) 是一款出色的生产力工具。我的个人喜好是 [Kontact][8]。尽管它已经有几年没有更新，但它仍然是一个非常有用的 PIM 工具，用于管理电子邮件，地址簿，日历，任务，新闻源等。Kontact 是一个本地 KDE，但你也可以在其他桌面上使用它。
|
||||
|
||||
### 5. Osmo
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-05-osmo][9]
|
||||
|
||||
[Osmo][10] 是以一款更先进的应用，包括日历，任务，联系人和 notes 功能。它还附带一些额外的功能，比如加密的私有数据备份和地图上的地理位置，以及对 notes 、任务、、联系人登录强大搜索功能。
|
||||
|
||||
### 6. Catfish
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-06-catfish][11]
|
||||
|
||||
一个好的搜索工具是高生产力的表现。[Catfish][12] 是一个必须尝试的搜索工具。它是一个 GTK+ 工具，非常快速，轻量级。Catfish 会利用 Zeitgeist 的自动完成功能，你还可以按日期和类型过滤搜索结果。
|
||||
|
||||
### 7. KOrganizer
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-07-korganizer][13]
|
||||
|
||||
[KOrganizer][14] 是我上面提到的 Kontact 应用程序的日历和调度组件。如果你不需要完整的 PIM 应用程序，只需要日历和日程安排，则可以使用 KOrganizer。KOrganizer 提供快速的待办事项和快速事件条目，以及事件和待办事项的附件。
|
||||
|
||||
### 8. Evolution
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-08-evolution][15]
|
||||
|
||||
如果你不是 KDE 应用程序的粉丝，但你仍然需要一个好的 PIM，那么试试 GNOME 的 [Evolution][16]。Evolution 并不是一个你从没听过的不太受欢迎的应用程序，但因为它有用，所以它出现在这个列表中。也许你已经听说过 Evolution 是一个电子邮件客户端，但它远不止于此-你可以用它来管理日历，邮件，地址簿和任务。
|
||||
|
||||
### 9. Freeplane
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-09-freeplane][17]
|
||||
|
||||
我不知道你们中的大多数是否每天都使用思维导图软件，但是如果你使用，请选择 [Freeplane][18]。这是一款免费的思维导图和知识管理软件，可用于商业或娱乐。你可以创建笔记，将其排列在云或图表中，使用日历和提醒设置任务等。
|
||||
|
||||
### 10. Calligra Flow
|
||||
|
||||
![linux-productivity-apps-10-calligra-flow][19]
|
||||
|
||||
最后，如果你需要流程图和图标工具，请尝试 [Calligra Flow][20]。你可以将其视为开放源代码 [Microsoft Visio][21] 的替代品，但 Calligra Flow 不提供 Viso 提供的所有特权。不过，你可以使用它来创建网络图，组织结构图，流程图等等。
|
||||
|
||||
生产力工具不仅可以加快工作速度，还可以让你更有条理。我敢打赌，在某些方面几乎没有人不使用生产力工具。尝试这里列出的应用程序可以使你的工作效率更高，还能让你的生活至少轻松一些。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.maketecheasier.com/free-linux-productivity-apps-you-havent-heard-of/
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[Ada Ivanova][a]
|
||||
译者：[MjSeven](https://github.com/MjSeven)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/author/adaivanoff/
|
||||
[1]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-01-Tomboy.png (linux-productivity-apps-01-tomboy)
|
||||
[2]:https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Tomboy
|
||||
[3]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-02-MyNotex.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-02-mynotex)
|
||||
[4]:https://sites.google.com/site/mynotex/
|
||||
[5]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-03-Trojita.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-03-trojita)
|
||||
[6]:http://trojita.flaska.net/
|
||||
[7]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-04-Kontact.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-04-kontact)
|
||||
[8]:https://userbase.kde.org/Kontact
|
||||
[9]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-05-Osmo.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-05-osmo)
|
||||
[10]:http://clayo.org/osmo/
|
||||
[11]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-06-Catfish.png (linux-productivity-apps-06-catfish)
|
||||
[12]:http://www.twotoasts.de/index.php/catfish/
|
||||
[13]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-07-KOrganizer.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-07-korganizer)
|
||||
[14]:https://userbase.kde.org/KOrganizer
|
||||
[15]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-08-Evolution.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-08-evolution)
|
||||
[16]:https://help.gnome.org/users/evolution/3.22/intro-main-window.html.en
|
||||
[17]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-09-Freeplane.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-09-freeplane)
|
||||
[18]:https://www.freeplane.org/wiki/index.php/Home
|
||||
[19]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/assets/uploads/2017/09/Linux-productivity-apps-10-Calligra-Flow.jpg (linux-productivity-apps-10-calligra-flow)
|
||||
[20]:https://www.calligra.org/flow/
|
||||
[21]:https://www.maketecheasier.com/5-best-free-alternatives-to-microsoft-visio/
|
||||
@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
|
||||
|
||||
运行在 Windows 10 系统中绝对实用的 Linux 命令
|
||||
======
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
在本系列早先的文章中，我们讨论了关于如何在 [Windows 10 上开启 WSL 之旅][1] 的内容。作为本系列的最后一篇文章，我们准备探讨一些能在 Windows 10 上广泛使用的 Linux 命令。
|
||||
|
||||
话题深入之前，请先让我们明确本教程所适用的人群。本文适用于使用 Windows 10 系统的初级开发者，帮助其了解学习关于 Azure、AWS 或是私有云的 Linux 平台。换句话说，就是为了帮助初次接触 Linux 系统的 Windows 10 用户。
|
||||
|
||||
您的工作量决定了您所需要的命令，而我的需求可能和您的不一样。本文旨在帮助您在 Windwos 10 上舒服的使用 Linux。不过请牢记，WSL 并不提供硬件访问的功能，比如声卡、GPU，至少官方是这么描述的。但是这可能并不能阻止 Linux 用户的折腾精神。很多用户不仅完成了硬件访问，甚至已经在 Windows 10 上安装上了 Linux 桌面程序。但是本文并不会涉及这些内容，我们可能会讨论这些，但不是现在。
|
||||
|
||||
下面是我们需要着手的任务。
|
||||
|
||||
### 如何让您的 Linux 系统保持到最新的版本
|
||||
|
||||
因为 Linux 运行在了 Windows 系统中，所以您将被剥夺 Linux 系统所提供的所有安全服务。另外，如果不及时给 Linux 系统打补丁，Windows 设备将被迫暴露在外界威胁中，所以还请保持您的 Linux 设备到最新版本。
|
||||
|
||||
WSL 官方支持 openSUSE、SUSE Linux Enterprise 和 Ubuntu。您也可以安装其他发行版，但是我只需要它们当中的两个就可以完成我的所有工作，毕竟，我只需要访问一些 Linux 基础程序。
|
||||
|
||||
**更新 openSUSE Leap：**
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo zypper up
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果您想升级系统，您可以运行下面的命令：
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo zypper dup
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**更新 Ubuntu：**
|
||||
```
|
||||
sudo apt-get update
|
||||
|
||||
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
由于 Linux 系统的更新是渐进式的，所以更新系统成为了我的日常。Windows 10 的更新通常需要重启系统，而 Linux 不同，一般只有 KB 或是 MB 级的更新，无需重启。
|
||||
|
||||
### 管理文件目录
|
||||
|
||||
系统更新之后，我们还剩余一些非必要或是不那么重要的任务。
|
||||
|
||||
系统更新之外的第二重要的任务是使用 Linux 管理本地和远程文件。我承认我更青睐图形界面程序，但是终端能提供更可靠、更有价值的服务。使用 Explorer 程序，尝试移动 1 TB 的文件，祝你好运。数据量大的话，我通常使用 rsync 命令来移动它们。如果中断任务，rsync 可以在上次停止的节点继续工作。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然您可能更习惯使用 cp 或是 mv 命令复制、移动文件，但是我还是喜欢灵活的 rsync 命令，了解 rsync 对远程文件传输也有帮助。使用 rsync 大半为了完成下面三个任务：
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 复制整个目录：**
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync -avzP /source-directory /destination directory
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 移动文件：**
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync --remove-source-files -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在成功复制目标目录之后，此命令将删除源文件。
|
||||
|
||||
**使用 rsync 同步文件：**
|
||||
|
||||
我的文件可能在多处存储。但是，我只会在主要位置中增加或是删除。如果不使用专业的软件，同步文件可能会给用户带来挑战，而 rsync 刚好可以简化这个过程。这个命令可以让两个目录文件内容同步，留个印象，也许用得上。
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync --delete -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
如果原目录中没有找到文件，上述命令将删除目标目录中的文件，并通过另一种方式创建源目录的镜像复制。
|
||||
|
||||
### 文件自动备份
|
||||
|
||||
保持文件备份是一项普通的工作。为了保持我的设备的完全同步，我运行了一个 cron 作业在夜间持续同步我的所有目录。保持一个外部驱动，每周我都会手动同步。由于可能删掉我不想删除的文件，所以我并没有使用 --delete 选项。
|
||||
|
||||
**创建 cron 作业, 打开 crontab:**
|
||||
```
|
||||
crontab -e
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
移动大文件时，我会选择在系统空闲的深夜执行该命令。此命令将在每天早上 1 点运行，您大概可以这样修改它：
|
||||
```
|
||||
# 0 1 * * * rsync -avzP /source-directory /destination-directory
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这是使用 crontab 的定时作业的命令结构：
|
||||
```
|
||||
# m h dom mon dow command
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
在此，m = 分钟, h = 小时, dom= 本月的某天, mon= 月; dow= 本周的某天。
|
||||
|
||||
我们将在每天早上 1 点运行这条命令。您可以选择 dow 或是 dom（比如，每月 5 号）等。您可以在 [这里][2] 阅读更多相关内容。
|
||||
|
||||
### 管理远程服务器
|
||||
|
||||
在 Windows 系统上使用 WSL 的优势之一就是能方便管理远程 Linux 服务器，WSL 能提供原生的 Linux 工具给您。首先，您需要使用 ssh 命令登陆远程 Linux 服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
比如，我的服务器 ip 是 192.168.0.112；端口为 2018（不是默认的 22 端口）；Linux 用户名是 swapnil，密码是 `就不告诉你`。
|
||||
```
|
||||
ssh -p2018 swapnil@192.168.0.112
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
它会向您请求用户密码，然后您就可以登陆到 Linux 服务器了。现在您可以执行任意您想执行的所有操作，且不需使用额外的 puTTY 程序。
|
||||
|
||||
使用 rsync ，您可以很轻易的将本地文件传输到远程设备。源文件还是目标目录取决于您是上传文件到服务器，还是下载文件到本地目录，您可以使用 [username@IP][3]。
|
||||
|
||||
如果我想在服务器中复制一些文本内容到 home 目录，参照这里的目录：
|
||||
```
|
||||
rsync -avzP /source-directory-on-local-machine ‘ssh -p2018’ swapnil@192.168.0.112:/home/swapnil/Documents/
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这将会在远程服务器中复制文件到 `Documents` 目录。
|
||||
|
||||
### 总结
|
||||
|
||||
本教程主要是为了证明您可以通过 Windows 10 系统的 WSL 完成 Linux 系的很大一部分的任务。通常来说，它提高了生产效率。现在，Linux 的世界已经向 Windwos 10 系统打开怀抱了，尽情探索吧。如果您有任何疑问，或是想了解 WSL 涉及到的其他层面，欢迎在下方的评论区分享您的想法。
|
||||
|
||||
在 [Administering Linux on Azure (LFS205)][4] 课程中了解更多，可以在 [这里][5] 注册。
|
||||
|
||||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
via: https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/3/most-useful-linux-commands-you-can-run-windows-10
|
||||
|
||||
作者：[SAPNIL BHARTIYA][a]
|
||||
译者：[CYLeft](https://github.com/CYLeft)
|
||||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||||
|
||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||||
|
||||
[a]:https://www.linux.com/users/arnieswap
|
||||
[1]:https://www.linux.com/blog/learn/2018/2/how-get-started-using-wsl-windows-10
|
||||
[2]:http://www.adminschoice.com/crontab-quick-reference
|
||||
[3]:mailto:username@IP
|
||||
[4]:https://training.linuxfoundation.org/linux-courses/system-administration-training/administering-linux-on-azure
|
||||
[5]:http://bit.ly/2FpFtPg
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user