选题: Four Easy Ways to Search Or Find Files And Folders in Linux

2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00 · 2018-12-11 12:13:30 +08:00 · 2018-12-11 12:13:30 +08:00 · 8f80208347
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+[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
+[#]: translator: ( )
+[#]: reviewer: ( )
+[#]: publisher: ( )
+[#]: url: ( )
+[#]: subject: (Four Easy Ways to Search Or Find Files And Folders in Linux)
+[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/four-easy-ways-to-search-or-find-files-and-folders-in-linux/)
+[#]: author: (Prakash Subramanian https://www.2daygeek.com/author/prakash/)
+
+Four Easy Ways to Search Or Find Files And Folders in Linux
+======
+
+Linux admins can’t able to leave a day without performing a file search as this one of the activity for their routine.
+
+It’s good to know all the file search stuffs because it would help you in many ways when you are working on headless server.
+
+These commands are not complicate to remember because these are using a standard syntax.
+
+This can be performed through Four Linux commands and each command has their own unique feature.
+
+### Method-1: Search Files And Folders in Linux Using find Command
+
+Find command is widely used and very famous command to search files and folders in Linux. It searches given files in the current directory and recursively through its sub-directories based on the search criteria.
+
+It allow users to perform all kind of file searches based on the criteria lie by size, name, owner, group, type, permissions, date, and other criteria.
+
+Run the following command to find a given file in system.
+
+```
+# find / -iname "sshd_config"
+/etc/ssh/sshd_config
+```
+
+Run the following command to find a given folder in system. To search a folder in Linux we need to use `-type` parameter.
+
+```
+# find / -type d -iname "ssh"
+/usr/lib/ssh
+/usr/lib/go/src/cmd/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
+/usr/lib/go/pkg/linux_amd64/cmd/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
+/etc/ssh
+```
+
+Use wildcard option to search set of files on your system. We are going to search all files available in the system with `.config` extension.
+
+```
+# find / -name "*.config"
+/usr/lib/mono/gac/avahi-sharp/1.0.0.0__4d116c78973743f5/avahi-sharp.dll.config
+/usr/lib/mono/gac/avahi-ui-sharp/0.0.0.0__4d116c78973743f5/avahi-ui-sharp.dll.config
+/usr/lib/python2.7/config/Setup.config
+/usr/share/git/mw-to-git/t/test.config
+/var/lib/lightdm/.config
+/home/daygeek/.config
+/root/.config
+/etc/skel/.config
+```
+
+Use the following command format to find an empty files and folders in system.
+
+```
+# find / -empty
+```
+
+Use the following command combination to find all files containing specific text on Linux.
+
+```
+# find / -type f -exec grep "Port 22" '{}' \; -print
+# find / -type f -print | xargs grep "Port 22"
+# find / -type f | xargs grep 'Port 22'
+# find / -type f -exec grep -H 'Port 22' {} \;
+```
+
+### Method-2: Search Files And Folders in Linux Using locate command
+
+locate command works faster than the find command because it uses updatedb database, whereas the find command searches in the real system.
+
+It uses a database rather than hunting individual directory paths to get a given file.
+
+locate command doesn’t pre-installed in most of the distributions so, use your distribution package manager to install it.
+
+The database is updated regularly through cron, however we can manually update it by running the following command.
+
+```
+$ sudo updatedb
+```
+
+Simply run the following command to list the given file or folder. There is no specific options need to be specified in locate command to print file or folder.
+
+To search `ssh` folder in system.
+
+```
+# locate --basename '\ssh'
+/etc/ssh
+/usr/bin/ssh
+/usr/lib/ssh
+/usr/lib/go/pkg/linux_amd64/cmd/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
+/usr/lib/go/src/cmd/go/testdata/failssh/ssh
+/usr/lib/go/src/cmd/vendor/golang.org/x/crypto/ssh
+```
+
+To search `ssh_config` file in system.
+
+```
+# locate --basename '\sshd_config'
+/etc/ssh/sshd_config
+```
+
+### Method-3: Search Files in Linux Using which command
+
+TThe which command returns the full path of the executable that would have been executed when the command had been entered in terminal.
+
+It’s very useful when you want to create a desktop shortcut or symbolic link for executable files.
+
+Which command searches the directories listed in the current user’s PATH environment variable not for all the users. I mean, when you are logged in your own account and you can’t able to search for root user file or directory.
+
+Run the following command to print the full path of the vim executable file location.
+
+```
+# which vi
+/usr/bin/vi
+```
+
+Alternatively, it’s allowing user to perform multiple file search in one shot.
+
+```
+# which -a vi sudo
+/usr/bin/vi
+/bin/vi
+/usr/bin/sudo
+/bin/sudo
+```
+
+### Method-4: Search Files in Linux Using whereis command
+
+The whereis command used to search the binary, source, and man page files for a given command.
+
+```
+# whereis vi
+vi: /usr/bin/vi /usr/share/man/man1/vi.1p.gz /usr/share/man/man1/vi.1.gz
+```
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://www.2daygeek.com/four-easy-ways-to-search-or-find-files-and-folders-in-linux/
+
+作者：[Prakash Subramanian][a]
+选题：[lujun9972][b]
+译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
+校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/prakash/
+[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972