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translating by WangYueScream
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===========================
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8 reasons to use the Xfce Linux desktop environment
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======
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For several reasons (including curiosity), a few weeks ago I started using [Xfce][1] as my Linux desktop. One reason was trouble with background daemons eating up all the CPU and I/O bandwidth on my very powerful main workstation. Of course, some of the instability may be due to my removal of some of the RPM packages that provide those background daemons. However, even before I removed the RPMs, the fact is KDE was unstable and causing performance and stability issues. I needed to use a different desktop to avoid these problems.
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I realized in looking back over my series of articles on Linux desktops that I had neglected Xfce. This article is intended to rectify that oversight. I like Xfce a lot and am enjoying the speed and lightness of it more than I thought I would.
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As part of my research, I googled to try to learn what Xfce means. There is a historical reference to XForms Common Environment, but Xfce no longer uses the XForms tools. Some years ago, I found a reference to "Xtra fine computing environment," and I like that a lot. I will use that (despite not being able to find the page reference again).
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### Eight reasons for recommending Xfce
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#### 1\. Lightweight construction
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Xfce has a very small memory footprint and CPU usage compared to some other desktops, such as KDE and GNOME. On my system, the programs that make up the Xfce desktop take a tiny amount of memory for such a powerful desktop. Very low CPU usage is also a hallmark of the Xfce desktop. With such a small memory footprint, I am not especially surprised that Xfce is also very sparing of CPU cycles.
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#### 2\. Simplicity
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The Xfce desktop is simple and uncluttered with fluff. The basic desktop has two panels and a vertical line of icons on the left side. Panel 0 is at the bottom and consists of some basic application launchers, as well as the Applications icon, which provides access to all the applications on the system. Panel 1 is at the top and has an Applications launcher as well as a Workspace Switcher that allows the user to switch between multiple workspaces. The panels can be modified with additional items, such as new launchers, or by altering their height and width.
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The icons down the left side of the desktop consist of the Home directory and Trash icons. It can also display icons for the complete filesystem directory tree and any connected pluggable USB storage devices. These icons can be used to mount and unmount the device, as well as to open the default file manager. They can also be hidden if you prefer, and the Filesystem, Trash, and Home directory icons are separately controllable. The removable drives can be hidden or displayed as a group.
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#### 3\. File management
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Thunar, Xfce's default file manager, is simple, easy to use and configure, and very easy to learn. While not as fancy as file managers like Konqueror or Dolphin, it is quite capable and very fast. Thunar can't create multiple panes in its window, but it does provide tabs so multiple directories can be open at the same time. Thunar also has a very nice sidebar that, like the desktop, shows the same icons for the complete filesystem directory tree and any connected USB storage devices. Devices can be mounted and unmounted, and removable media such as CDs can be ejected. Thunar can also use helper applications such as Ark to open archive files when they are clicked. Archives, such as ZIP, TAR, and RPM files, can be viewed, and individual files can be copied out of them.
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![Xfce desktop][3]
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The Xfce desktop with Thunar and the Xfce terminal emulator.
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Having used many different applications for my [series on file managers][4], I must say that I like Thunar for its simplicity and ease of use. It is easy to navigate the filesystem using the sidebar.
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#### 4\. Stability
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The Xfce desktop is very stable. New releases seem to be on a three-year cycle, although updates are provided as necessary. The current version is 4.12, which was released in February 2015. The rock-solid nature of the Xfce desktop is very reassuring after having issues with KDE. The Xfce desktop has never crashed for me, and it has never spawned daemons that gobbled up system resources. It just sits there and works—which is what I want.
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#### 5\. Elegance
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Xfce is simply elegant. In my new book, The Linux Philosophy for SysAdmins, which will be available this fall, I talk about the many advantages of simplicity, including the fact that simplicity is one of the hallmarks of elegance. Clearly, the programmers who write and maintain Xfce and its component applications are great fans of simplicity. This simplicity is very likely the reason that Xfce is so stable, but it also results in a clean look, a responsive interface, an easily navigable structure that feels natural, and an overall elegance that makes it a pleasure to use.
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#### 6\. Terminal emulation
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The Xfce4 terminal emulator is a powerful emulator that uses tabs to allow multiple terminals in a single window, like many other terminal emulators. This terminal emulator is simple compared to emulators like Tilix, Terminator, and Konsole, but it gets the job done. The tab names can be changed, and the tabs can be rearranged by drag and drop, using the arrow icons on the toolbar, or selecting the options on the menu bar. One thing I especially like about the tabs on the Xfce terminal emulator is that they display the name of the host to which they are connected regardless of how many other hosts are connected through to make that connection, e.g., `host1==>host2==>host3==>host4` properly shows `host4` in the tab. Other emulators show `host2` at best.
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Other aspects of its function and appearance can be easily configured to suit your needs. Like other Xfce components, this terminal emulator uses very little in the way of system resources.
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#### 7\. Configurability
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Within its limits, Xfce is very configurable. While not offering as much configurability as a desktop like KDE, it is far more configurable (and more easily so) than GNOME, for example. I found that the Settings Manager is the doorway to everything needed to configure Xfce. The individual configuration apps are separately available, but the Settings Manager collects them all into one window for ease of access. All the important aspects of the desktop can be configured to meet my needs and preferences.
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#### 8\. Modularity
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Xfce has a number of individual projects that make up the whole, and not all parts of Xfce are necessarily installed by your distro. [Xfce's projects][5] page lists the main projects, so you can find additional parts you might want to install. The items that weren't installed on my Fedora 28 workstation when I installed the Xfce group were mostly the applications at the bottom of that page.
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There is also a [documentation page][6], and a wiki called [Xfce Goodies Project][7] lists other Xfce-related projects that provide applications, artwork, and plugins for Thunar and the Xfce panels.
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### Conclusions
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The Xfce desktop is thin and fast with an overall elegance that makes it easy to figure out how to do things. Its lightweight construction conserves both memory and CPU cycles. This makes it ideal for older hosts with few resources to spare for a desktop. However, Xfce is flexible and powerful enough to satisfy my needs as a power user.
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I've learned that changing to a new Linux desktop can take some work to configure it as I want—with all of my favorite application launchers on the panel, my preferred wallpaper, and much more. I have changed to new desktops or updates of old ones many times over the years. It takes some time and a bit of patience.
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I think of it like when I've moved cubicles or offices at work. Someone carries my stuff from the old office to the new one, and I connect my computer, unpack the boxes, and place their contents in appropriate locations in my new office. Moving into the Xfce desktop was the easiest move I have ever made.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/18/6/xfce-desktop
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作者：[David Both][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://opensource.com/users/dboth
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[1]:https://xfce.org/
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[2]:/file/401856
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[3]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/xfce-desktop-01.png (Xfce desktop)
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[4]:https://opensource.com/sitewide-search?search_api_views_fulltext=David%20Both%20File%20managers
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[5]:https://xfce.org/projects
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[6]:https://docs.xfce.org/
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[7]:https://goodies.xfce.org/
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使用 Xfce Linux 桌面环境的 8 个理由
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============================
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由于某些原因（也包括好奇），几周前我开始使用 [Xfce][1] 作为我的 Linux 桌面。促使我更换 Linux 桌面环境的原因之一是桌面相关的守护进程占据了我的性能非常强大的主工作站的绝大部分 CPU 资源和 I/O 带宽。当然，有些不稳定性可能是因为我删除了提供这些守护进程的 RPM 包。然而，事实是在我删除这些 RPM 包之前，KDE 就已经很不稳定了而且还导致了一系列其他方面的性能和稳定性问题。所以我需要换一个桌面来避免这些问题。
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在回顾了我为 Linux 桌面所写的一系列文章后我才意识到我忽略了 Xfce。这篇文章也是力图能够纠正弥补这个疏忽。我非常喜欢 Xfce 也很享受它所带给我超乎预期的快速、轻量的体验。
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作为研究的一部分，我有尝试过在 Google 上查询 Xfce 对应什么意思。有个历史参考是它对应着 XForms Common Environment，但 Xfce 早已不在使用 XForms 工具。几年前，我找到另一个参考是 "Xtra fine computing environment" 而且我也很喜欢这个解释。我将会用它作为 Xfce 的全称（尽管再也找不到这个参考页面）。
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### 推荐 Xfce 的 8 个理由
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#### 1\. 轻量级架构
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Xfce 相对于其他的桌面如 KDE 和 GNOME，不管是内存还是 CPU 的占用率都非常小。在我的系统中，组成 Xfce 桌面的程序仅占用了少量内存就构成一个如此强大的桌面。超低的 CPU 占用率也是 Xfce 桌面的一个特点。了解到 Xfce 内存占用特别低后，我对它的 CPU 占用率也非常低这个特性自然而言也就不感到奇怪了。
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#### 2\. 简洁
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Xfce 桌面很简单就像绒毛整洁的动物让人一目了然赏心悦目。基础的桌面有两个面板和一条在左边垂直的图标行。面板 0 是在底部并由一些基础的应用启动程序和能访问到系统里对应程序的图标组成。面板 1 是在顶部由一个应用程序启动器和一个能够允许用户在多个工作区之间来回切换的工作区切换器组成。面板可以通过补充项自定义修改比如增加个新的应用启动器或者更改它们的宽高。
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桌面左侧的图标对应是家目录和垃圾桶。它也可以显示其他的图标如完整的文件系统目录树和任意已连接上系统的可插拔的 USB 存储设备。这些图标可以用来挂载和卸载设备也可以用来打开默认的文件管理器。如果你愿意，它们都可以被隐藏同时文件系统，垃圾箱，家目录对应的图标都可以逐个控制管理。所有的可移动设备也可以被隐藏或作为一个组显示。
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#### 3\. 文件管理
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作为 Xfce 的默认文件管理器 Thunar，它很简单，既易于使用和配置也非常容易学习。尽管它并不像其他的文件管理器比如 Konqueror 或者 Dolphin 那样效果华丽，但它很强大也很快。Thunar 并不能在一个窗口里面打开并产生多个窗口但它提供了选项卡来支持多个目录的同时打开。Thunar 也有一个非常漂亮的侧边栏就像桌面那样能够显示完整的文件系统目录树和所有已连接的 USB 存储设备。设备能够被挂载和卸载，可移动媒介如 CD 也能够被弹出。Thunar 也可以使用类似 Ark 这种帮助软件来在你点击归档文件的时候打开它们。比如 ZIP，TAR，RPM 这种归档文件都可以被浏览也可以从中复制单个文件。
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![Xfce desktop][3]
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Xfce 桌面及 Thunar 和 Xfce 下的终端模拟器。
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在我的[文件管理器系列][4]一文中，我已经使用体验过很多不同的文件管理器软件，我不得不说 Thunar 的简单易用让你无法不喜欢上它。它很容易帮助你通过使用侧边栏来浏览文件系统。
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#### 4\. 稳定
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Xfce 桌面非常稳定。新版本的发布周期似乎是三年，但也会根据需要发布相关更新。最新的版本是于 2015 年 2 月发布的 4.12。在使用 KDE 遇到一系列问题后稳如磐石的 Xfce 桌面环境显得让人格外放心。在我使用 Xfce 的过程中，它从来没有崩溃过，也不会产生额外的守护进程占据过多的系统资源。这正是我想要的—它安安静静地工作，不会给你带来额外的困扰。
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#### 5\. 优雅
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Xfce 简单优雅。在我的新书，The Linux Philosophy for SysAdmins 中我谈到了关于简单的一系列好处包括事实上简单也是优雅的诸多标志之一。很明确能够确定的就是 Xfce 及相关组件程序的开发者和维护者也是极力推崇简单至上。这种简单特性很可能也是 Xfce 如此稳定的主要原因，但它也用户带来了一个整洁的桌面外观，一个反应灵敏的操作界面，一个会让人感觉很自然也很易用的导航结构，而且 Xfce 整体上的优雅特性也会让用户的使用过程中充满愉悦感。
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#### 6\. 终端仿真程序
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Xfce4 的终端仿真程序非常强大而且和其他很多终端仿真程序一样可以允许你使用多个选项卡来让多个终端在一个单独窗口里共存。尽管它与 Tilix，Terminator，Konsole 这种终端仿真程序比起来相对简陋，但它也能很好的完成工作。选项卡的名字可以更改，而且选项卡也可以通过拖放或者工具栏的箭头图标或者菜单栏的选项重新排列。我特别喜欢 Xfce 的终端仿真程序的一点就是不管你连接了多少主机，相对应的选项卡都会显示对应的主机名，比如 `host1==>host2==>host3==>host4` 准确地在选项卡显示了 `host4`。但其他的终端仿真程序最多也就显示 `host2`。
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至于这个终端仿真程序功能和外观的其他方面都可以根据你的需要很容易配置成你想要的。当然同 Xfce 的其他组件一样，这款终端仿真程序占用了系统资源的很少一部分。
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#### 7\. 可配置性
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Xfce 能够配置的范围极大。虽然 Xfce 桌面的可配置性比不上 KDE，但依旧远超 GNOME 了而且比它更容易配置。比如，我发现设置管理器是 Xfce 配置一切的入口。虽然每个配置程序都可以单独使用，但是设置管理器把他们都放在一个窗口里以便快速访问。关于 Xfce 桌面很多重要的部分都可以通过配置来满足我的需求。
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#### 8\. 模块化
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Xfce 是由一系列单个的项目组成的整体，而且在你的 Linux 桌面发行版中也未必安装了 Xfce 的所有组件。[Xfce's projects][5] 的主页列出了主要的项目，所以你可以根据需要安装你想安装的额外组件。比如在我的 Fedora 28 workstation 版本上我安装的 Xfce 桌面就没有 [Xfce's projects][5] 页最下面的说明的一些程序。
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这里还有个关于 Xfce 的 [documentation page][6] 和 一个被称为 [Xfce Goodies Project][7] 的 wiki 列举了其他的 Xfce 相关的项目，它们为 Xfce 的面板 及 Thunar 提供了很多不错的应用程序，精美的插图，好用的插件。
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### 总结
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整体上很优雅的 Xfce 桌面所具备的足够轻巧和快速的特性能够让它很容易清楚如何做好一件事。它的轻量级的结构也节省了大量的 CPU 和 内存资源。这也使得 Xfce 非常适合那种由于硬件有限无法分配给桌面太多资源的旧主机。然而，Xfce 又是足够的灵活和强大能够满足高级用户的需要。
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我已经了解到更换到一个新的 Linux 桌面环境需要你自己按照你想要的做些对应的自定义设置—比如面板上显示你最爱用的程序对应的启动器，设置下你最喜欢的桌面背景壁纸等一系列工作。这些年来我已经在切换到新桌面环境或更新旧桌面环境折腾很多次了。这需要时间也需要耐心。
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我觉得切换 Linux 的桌面环境就像我在工作中换个办公工位或者办公室一样。别人把我的东西装箱从旧办公室搬到新办公室，然后我在我的新办公室里组装连接好我的电脑，打开箱子再把里面的东西放在合适的位置。而切换到 Xfce 桌面大概就是我做过的最简单省事容易的桌面环境更换了。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/18/6/xfce-desktop
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作者：[David Both][a]
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选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
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译者：[WangYueScream](https://github.com/WangYueScream)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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||||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://opensource.com/users/dboth
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[1]:https://xfce.org/
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[2]:/file/401856
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[3]:https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/xfce-desktop-01.png (Xfce desktop)
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[4]:https://opensource.com/sitewide-search?search_api_views_fulltext=David%20Both%20File%20managers
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[5]:https://xfce.org/projects
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[6]:https://docs.xfce.org/
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[7]:https://goodies.xfce.org/
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