From ded2cf5ee9f5bdf10a36a0223b0a38ab3f3eeea0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Xingyu Wang <xingyu.wang@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 24 Jun 2023 00:11:35 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] ATRP

@wxy
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+[#]: subject: "Fuzzy File Search in Linux"
+[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/"
+[#]: author: "Sreenath https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/"
+[#]: collector: "lkxed"
+[#]: translator: "ChatGPT"
+[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
+[#]: publisher: "wxy"
+[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-15937-1.html"
+
+Linux 中的模糊文件搜索
+======
+
+![][0]
+
+> 像 fzf 和 fzy 这样的现代工具将 Linux 终端中的文件搜索提升到了一个新的水平。
+
+在 Linux 命令行中，如何 [搜索文件][1]？你可以使用 [find 命令][2]。这是标准答案，没有问题。
+
+通常，你键入带有搜索参数的命令，按回车键，然后它会显示搜索结果。
+
+你可以通过模糊搜索来提升终端中的文件搜索体验。
+
+模糊搜索是一种近似搜索算法或技术。在这种搜索中，通过名称搜索指定位置的文件，并实时显示结果给用户。
+
+模糊搜索在网络搜索引擎中很受欢迎，用户开始输入术语后，它会开始显示与该术语相关的结果。
+
+在本文中，我将讨论两个命令行工具，它们可以让你在 Linux 中执行模糊搜索：
+
+- `fzf`：模糊查找工具
+- `fzy`：模糊选择工具
+
+### fzf：Linux 中的模糊查找工具
+
+`fzf` 是一款可用于 Linux 的模糊搜索工具，你可以通过它进行交互式文件搜索。
+
+在 Ubuntu 中安装 `fzf`，打开终端并运行以下命令：
+
+```
+sudo apt install fzf
+```
+
+虽然 `fzf` 本身可以正常工作，但最好与其他工具配合使用，以充分发挥其功能。
+
+#### 使用 fzf
+
+打开终端并运行：
+
+```
+fzf
+```
+
+这将打开一个 `fzf` 提示符，在当前工作目录中搜索文件。
+
+![在终端中运行 fzf 命令][3]
+
+##### 为 fzf 应用边框
+
+你可以使用 `--border` 选项为 `fzf` 应用边框，有多种边框可用，如 `rounded`（圆角）、`sharp`（尖角）等。
+
+```
+fzf --border=rounded
+```
+
+![运行带有边框选项设置为 rounded 和 sharp 的 fzf 命令][4]
+
+##### 应用背景和前景颜色
+
+使用颜色属性，你可以为 `fzf` 设置 ANSI 颜色，可以作为背景、前景或两者都设置。
+
+![为 fzf 应用颜色，用户指定了颜色][5]
+
+```
+fzf --color="bg:black,fg:yellow"
+```
+
+你可以串联这些选项，使 `fzf` 在视觉上更加美观。
+
+现在，让我展示一些 `fzf` 模糊搜索的实际用法。
+
+#### 使用 fzf 在 Bash 历史中进行搜索
+
+当然，Bash 历史记录中有 `CTRL+R` 的反向搜索功能。但如果你想使用 `fzf` 来获得更好的外观，可以运行以下命令：
+
+```
+history | fzf
+```
+
+![使用 fzf 模糊搜索在 bash 历史中进行搜索][6]
+
+#### 使用 fzf 结合 tree 命令
+
+[tree 命令][7] 会列出文件和目录，并显示它们的层级关系。
+
+使用 `fzf` 结合 `tree` 命令可以帮助你找到特定文件的绝对路径。
+
+```
+tree -afR /home/$USER | fzf
+```
+
+![运行 Tree 命令并将输出传递给模糊搜索][8]
+
+> 💡 上述命令会调用 `tree` 并以递归方式列出包括隐藏文件在内的所有文件（`-a`）。同时，`-f` 选项告诉 `tree` 列出完整路径。
+
+#### 在 fzf 中预览文件
+
+有时，如果你可以获得你搜索的文件的小型预览，那会很有帮助。
+
+幸运的是，`fzf` 提供了一个预览选项。你可以使用 `--preview` 来访问它。我在这里使用 `find` 命令使其更加有用。
+
+```
+find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'less {}'
+```
+
+在这里，当你滚动浏览结果时，它将使用 `less` 显示文本文件。
+
+> 🚧 如果你使用其他命令如 `ls` 等，请不要使用 `-l` 等选项，因为这将显示额外的详细信息（文件权限）。这些额外的详细信息会破坏 `fzf` 预览所需的格式。在使用预览功能时，输入到 `fzf` 的应该只是文件名。
+
+如果你已安装了 `bat`，也可以使用它来预览文件。
+
+```
+find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'bat --color always {}'
+```
+
+![使用 bat 作为 FZF 预览功能的文本查看器][9]
+
+对于 Ubuntu 用户，可以使用 `batcat` 来调用 `bat`。因此运行：
+
+```
+find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'batcat --color always {}'
+```
+
+> 💡 [为这些命令创建别名][10]，这样你就不需要反复输入它们。
+
+#### 从任何地方使用 fzf 进入任何目录（高级技巧）
+
+这比以前要复杂一些。在这里，你不能直接将 `fzf` 和 `cd` 连接在一起，因为它们是不同的进程。
+
+你可以创建一个别名并使用以下命令：
+
+```
+cd $(find /home/$USER -type d | fzf)
+```
+
+或者，你可以按照下面解释的方法进行操作。
+
+为此，你可能需要在 `bashrc` 中添加一个函数。让我将这个函数称为 `finder`。现在请添加以下行到你的 `bashrc` 中。
+
+```
+finder() {
+  local dir
+  dir=$(find required/location/to/search/and/enter -type d | fzf)
+  if [[ -n "$dir" ]]; then
+    cd "$dir" || return
+  fi
+}
+```
+
+现在，你应该 [输入路径][11]，其中包含你要搜索并进入的目录。
+
+例如，我已经使用 `/home/$USER` 替换了该部分，表示我要从任何位置进入我的主目录中的任何目录。
+
+保存你的 `bashrc` 文件后，要么重启终端，要么运行以下命令：
+
+```
+source ~/.bashrc
+```
+
+之后，你可以在终端上运行 `finder` 命令，一旦找到要进入的目录，按回车键即可。
+
+![使用 fzf 命令结合 cd 命令进入任意目录][12]
+
+#### 将选择内容复制到剪贴板
+
+到目前为止，你已经了解了如何使用 `fzf`，它提供了搜索结果或预览。
+
+现在，如果你想要复制某个项目的位置，你不必手动执行此操作。也有相应的解决方案。
+
+首先，确保你已经安装了 `xclip`。
+
+```
+sudo apt install xclip
+```
+
+然后像这样将其传递给 `xclip`：
+
+```
+fzf | xclip -selection clipboard
+```
+
+这将复制你按下回车键的那些行到剪贴板上。
+
+#### 其他用途
+
+正如我之前所说，你可以使用任何涉及大量文本，并希望交互式搜索特定内容的命令。
+
+- `cat ~/.bashrc | fzf` - 在 Bashrc 文件中搜索
+- `lsblk | fzf` - 在锁定设备列表中搜索
+- `ps -aux | fzf` - 在进程列表中搜索
+
+### 另一个选择：Fzy，模糊选择器
+
+与 `fzf` 不同，`fzy` 是一个模糊选择器，它会根据输入提供一个菜单供你选择。
+
+例如，如果你将 `fzy` 与 `ls` 命令一起使用，它将给你提供一个类似菜单的界面。
+
+![使用 ls 命令的 fzy 命令][13]
+
+默认情况下，它会显示十个条目。
+
+#### 使用 fzy 进入目录
+
+与 `fzf` 类似，你也可以使用 `fzy` 进入当前工作目录中的目录：
+ 
+```
+cd $(find -type d | fzy)
+```
+
+![][14]
+
+#### 使用任何编辑器打开文件
+
+或者使用你喜欢的编辑器打开文件：
+
+```
+nano $(find -type f | fzy)
+```
+
+![][15]
+
+### 附加内容：自定义文件和图像预览
+
+下面的命令将在 **Ubuntu** 中打开一个专门的自定义提示符，用于模糊搜索，你可以通过滚动来预览文本文件。
+
+```
+find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --color="bg:black,fg:yellow" --preview 'batcat --color always {}' --preview-window=bottom
+```
+
+为了方便访问，可以在你的 `bashrc` 文件中为此创建一个别名。
+
+或者在使用 `timg` 命令行图像查看器时，在 `fzf` 中进行图像预览并滚动。使用以下命令进行安装：
+
+```
+sudo apt install timg
+```
+
+> 🚧 请注意，图像查看器无法正确显示图像，因为这不是 `fzf` 预览的主要目的。
+
+```
+fzf --preview 'timg -g 200x100 {}' --preview-window=right:90
+```
+
+对于那些喜欢折腾的人，可以尝试对此部分进行优化。
+
+### 现代化的替代方案
+
+大多数 Linux 命令都是从 UNIX 时代继承下来的。它们虽然老旧，但功能如预期。但这并不意味着它们不能改进。
+
+我的意思是，你不需要重新发明轮子，但你总是可以努力改进轮子。
+
+像 `fzf` 和 `fzy` 这样的现代化工具将 Linux 终端中的文件搜索提升到了一个新的水平。以下是一些其他有趣的命令行工具。
+
+我尝试给出了这些模糊搜索工具的一些实际示例。希望你对它们感到足够有启发性。如果你打算使用它们，请在评论中告诉我。
+
+*（题图：MJ/d25e71fa-f24e-49be-9579-e0520a8f6e18）*
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+via: https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/
+
+作者：[Sreenath][a]
+选题：[lkxed][b]
+译者：ChatGPT
+校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
+
+本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
+
+[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/
+[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
+[1]: https://learnubuntu.com:443/find-files/
+[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/find-command-examples/
+[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-default.svg
+[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-border.svg
+[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-colored.svg
+[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/search-within-bash-history.svg
+[7]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/tree-command/
+[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/tree-afr.svg
+[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png
+[10]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/linux-alias-command/
+[11]: https://itsfoss.com/change-directories/
+[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-cd-combo.svg
+[13]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-ls.svg
+[14]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-cd.svg
+[15]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-nano.svg
+[0]: https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202306/24/001013mc7chh224c7uls8h.jpg
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-[#]: subject: "Fuzzy File Search in Linux"
-[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/"
-[#]: author: "Sreenath https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/"
-[#]: collector: "lkxed"
-[#]: translator: " "
-[#]: reviewer: " "
-[#]: publisher: " "
-[#]: url: " "
-
-Fuzzy File Search in Linux
-======
-
-How do you [find files in the Linux command line][1]? You use the [find command][2]. That's the standard answer and there is nothing wrong with it.
-
-Usually, you type the command with your search parameters, press enter and it displays the findings.
-
-You can improve your file-finding experience in the terminal with fuzzy search.
-
-Fuzzy search is an approximate search algorithm or technique. Here, files from a specified location are searched by name and the user will get real-time results.
-
-Fuzzy search is popular in web search engines, where a user starts entering the term, and it starts showing results related to the term.
-
-In this article, I am going to discuss two CLI tools that give you the ability to perform fuzzy searches in Linux:
-
-- Fzf: Fuzzy finder
-- Fzy: Fuzzy selector
-
-### Fzf, the Fuzzy Finder in Linux
-
-Fzf is a fuzzy search tool available for Linux, where you can search for files interactively.
-
-To install `fzf` in Ubuntu, open a terminal and run:
-
-```
-sudo apt install fzf
-```
-
-While `fzf` itself works properly, it is wise to use it in conjunction with other tools to make most out of it.
-
-#### Using fzf
-
-Open a terminal and run:
-
-```
-fzf
-```
-
-This will open a prompt of `fzf` where you can search for files in the current working directory.
-
-![Running fzf command in terminal][3]
-
-##### Apply a border to fzf
-
-You can use the `--border` option of fzf. There are several options like rounded, sharp etc.
-
-```
-fzf --border=rounded
-```
-
-![Running fzf command wth border option set to rounded and sharp][4]
-
-##### Apply background and foreground color
-
-Using the color property, you can set ANSI colors to `fzf` either as background, foreground or both.
-
-![Colored output for fzf, where the colors are specified by the user][5]
-
-```
-fzf --color="bg:black,fg:yellow"
-```
-
-You can concatenate the options to make `fzf` visually pleasing.
-
-Now, let me show some practical usage of the fuzzy search with fzf.
-
-#### Use fzf to search within bash history
-
-Of course, there is CTRL+R reverse search in the bash history. But if you want to use `fzf` to get a better look, run:
-
-```
-history | fzf
-```
-
-![Using fzf fuzzy search to search within the bash history][6]
-
-#### Use fzf with tree command
-
-[Tree command][7] lists files and directories along with their hierarchical connection.
-
-Using `fzf` with `tree` command can help you find the absolute path of a particular file.
-
-```
-tree -afR /home/$USER | fzf
-```
-
-![Running Tree command and piping the output to Fuzzy search][8]
-
-> 💡 The above command will invoke`tree`and list all files (-a) including hidden ones in a recursive fashion (-R). Also, the`-f`option tells tree to list the full path.
-
-#### Preview files in fzf
-
-Sometimes, it will be helpful if you get a small preview of the file you are searching.
-
-Luckily, `fzf` provides a preview option. You can access it by using `--preview`. I am here using `find`command to make it even more useful.
-
-```
-find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'less {}'
-```
-
-Here, while you scroll through the result, it will display the text files using less.
-
-> 🚧 If you are using other commands like`ls`, etc. do not use options like`-l`, that will display added details (file permissions). These additional details will break the required format needed for`fzf`preview. the hile using preview feature, the input to`fzf`should only be the filename.
-
-If you have `bat` installed, you can use it for previewing files as well.
-
-```
-find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'bat --color always {}'
-```
-
-![Using bat as the text viewer for FZF preview function][9]
-
-For Ubuntu users, bat is available as `batcat`. So run:
-
-```
-find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --preview 'batcat --color always {}'
-```
-
-> 💡 [Create an alias][10]for these commands, so that you don't want to type these again and again.
-
-#### Use fzf to cd into any directory from anywhere (advance)
-
-This is a bit trickier than the previous. Here, you cannot just directly pipe `fzf` and `cd` together, because both are different processes.
-
-You can create an alias use the command like:
-
-```
-cd $(find /home/$USER -type d | fzf)
-```
-
-Or, you can follow the method explained below.
-
-To do this, you may need to add a function to your bashrc. Let me call this function as `finder`. Now add the following lines to your bashrc.
-
-```
-finder() {
-  local dir
-  dir=$(find required/location/to/search/and/enter -type d | fzf)
-  if [[ -n "$dir" ]]; then
-    cd "$dir" || return
-  fi
-}
-```
-
-Now, you should [enter the location][11] where the directories you want to search and enter are present.
-
-For example, I have replaced that part with `/home/$USER` to indicate that I have to `cd` into any directories in my Home from anywhere.
-
-Once you saved your bashrc, either restart the terminal or run:
-
-```
-source ~/.bashrc
-```
-
-After this, you can run finder from the terminal and once you located the directory you want to enter, press Enter key.
-
-![Use fzf command to enter into any directory with the help of cd command][12]
-
-#### Copy the selection to Clipboard
-
-Till now, you have seen using `fzf` and in all cases, it gives either a search result or preview.
-
-Now, if you want to copy the location of an item, you don't necessarily need to do it manually. There is a solution for that too.
-
-First, make sure you have Xclip installed.
-
-```
-sudo apt install xclip
-```
-
-Now pipe it to xclip like this:
-
-```
-fzf | xclip -selection clipboard
-```
-
-This will copy whatever lines you have pressed the enter key, on to your clipboard.
-
-#### Other Uses
-
-Like I said earlier, you can use any command that involves a significant amount of text, and you want to search for a particular thing interactively.
-
-- `cat ~/.bashrc | fzf` - Search Inside Bashrc
-- `lsblk | fzf` - Search inside the list of lock devices
-- `ps -aux | fzf` - Search inside process list
-
-### Another choice: Fzy, the Fuzzy Selector
-
-Unlike `fzf`, `fzy` is a fuzzy selector, where you will be provided a menu to select, depending on the input.
-
-For example, if you are using `fzy` in conjunction with `ls` command, it will give you a menu like interface.
-
-![FZY command with ls][13]
-
-By default, it will show you ten entries in view.
-
-#### Enter into a directory using fzy
-
-Similar to fzf, fzy can also be used to enter into a directory in the current working directory using:
-
-```
-cd $(find -type d | fzy)
-```
-
-![][14]
-
-#### Open a file using any editor
-
-Or open a file using your favorite editor by:
-
-```
-nano $(find -type f | fzy)
-```
-
-![][15]
-
-### Bonus: A Customized file and image preview
-
-The below command will open a dedicated customized prompt in **Ubuntu** for fuzzy search, where you can preview text files by scrolling through them.
-
-```
-find /home/$USER -type f | fzf --color="bg:black,fg:yellow" --preview 'batcat --color always {}' --preview-window=bottom
-```
-
-Create an alias for this in your bashrc for easy access.
-
-Or preview an image in fzf while scrolling using `timg` command line image viewer. Install it using:
-
-```
-sudo apt install timg
-```
-
-> 🚧 Remember that the image viewer will not display a proper image, as that is not the primary purpose of fzf preview
-
-```
-fzf --preview 'timg -g 200x100 {}' --preview-window=right:90
-```
-
-For those who are tinkerers, try to make this part by refining.
-
-### Modern alternatives to rescue
-
-Most Linux commands have been inherited from UNIX-era. They are old but work as expected. But this doesn't mean they cannot be improved.
-
-I mean, you don't need to reinvent the wheel but you can always work on improving the wheels.
-
-Modern tools like fzf and fzy take the file search in Linux terminal to the next level. Here are some other such command line tools you may find interesting.
-
-I have tried giving some practical examples for these fuzzy search tools. I hope you find them inspiring enough for you. Let me know in the comments if you are going to use them.
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-via: https://itsfoss.com/fuzzy-file-search-linux/
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-作者：[Sreenath][a]
-选题：[lkxed][b]
-译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
-校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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-本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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-[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sreenath/
-[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
-[1]: https://learnubuntu.com:443/find-files/
-[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/find-command-examples/
-[3]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-default.svg
-[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-border.svg
-[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-colored.svg
-[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/search-within-bash-history.svg
-[7]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/tree-command/
-[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/tree-afr.svg
-[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/bashrc-preview-in-fzf.png
-[10]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/linux-alias-command/
-[11]: https://itsfoss.com/change-directories/
-[12]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzf-cd-combo.svg
-[13]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-ls.svg
-[14]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-cd.svg
-[15]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/fzy-nano.svg